Selected Papers from the Fourteenth International ... - STIBA Malang

Adverb-marking in coordinate constructions 19
may never have been such a norm in earlier stages either and that all incidences of
asymmetric coordination, with the possible exception of affixation to a phrase as
in (21), are not norm-driven either.
The formal analysis of asymmetric coordination of adverbs is treated in the
following subsections.
4.2 Choice of formation type in adverbial coordination:
Paradigmatic selection
One way of approaching the production of an adverbial coordination structure
is by proposing that, in each conjunct, one member of a derivational paradigm
consisting of two branches (Figure 1), one corresponding to the conversion option
and one corresponding to the option of ly-suffixation, is selected over the other:
this is “paradigmatic selection”.
Xadj
X→X
X+ly
where X, a lexical stem
Figure 1. The Derivational Paradigm in Deadjectival Adverb Formation.
The selection process is subject to lexical, phonological, morphological, semantic,
pragmatic, and syntactic constraints (cf. also Pounder 2004); in addition to
those holding when a derived adverb appears singly, the process can take account
of the fact that the syntactic context includes another derived adverb, and can take
its formal structure into account likewise. In addition to determining that this
other adverb may be “scheduled” to undergo the affixation alternative, its prosodic
properties may be assessed. Schlüter (2002) suggests that in adjective phrases
with an adverb modifier, the zero member of the derivational paradigm tends to
be selected where a desirable metrical pattern would thereby be produced, i.e., a
rhythmic alternation of stressed and unstressed syllables. Thus for example exceeding
pretty would be a preferred combination, while extreme clear, with a “stress
clash” of a sequence of two stressed syllables, would be much less so. If we apply
this principle to coordinate constructions, we can see that in most of the examples
above, either an ideal rhythm is achieved by choosing a zero adverb for the first
conjunct (e.g., (14b) poor and sparingly, (14c) smooth and gently, (15) clean and
purely, (16) deep and widely), or, in some cases, at least the number of unstressed
syllables is reduced by this choice (e.g., (9b) handsome and concisely, (17e) whole
and entierly, (17h) perfect and compleatly). In the first case, of course, the base