Selected Papers from the Fourteenth International ... - STIBA Malang

On the position of the OE quantifier eall and PDE all 117
(19) quantifier followed by relative clause
a. Hwæt ða ealle þa ðe þæt gehyrdon miclum þæs wundrodon;
what then all who that heard greatly that wondered
“Now all who heard that wondered greatly thereat” (ÆCHom I 197.202)
b. 7 he hatað ealle þa ðe unrihtwisnysse wyrcað.
and he hates all who unrighteousness work
“and he hates all those who work unrighteousness” (ÆCHom I 237.176)
In (18) the quantifier is used by itself, and in (19) it is followed by the relative
clause. This type of quantifier is excluded from the following discussion, simply
because there is no NP or pronoun which is modified by the quantifier.
3.5 Summary
Section 3 can be summarized in Table 4.
Table 4. Distribution of nominative and accusative quantifier eall
Q-NP NP-Q Q-PRO PRO-Q Floating Others Total
Nominative 234 3 27 75 49 32 420
Accusative 377 6 1 36 9 22 451
Total 611 9 28 111 58 54 871
The findings found from this table are as follows:
i. The quantifier eall almost always precedes a full NP whether it is nominative
or accusative.
ii. The quantifier eall can either precede or follow a nominative pronoun, but
always follows an accusative pronoun.
iii. The quantifier floating from a nominative, or a subject, is more frequent than
that floating from an accusative, or an object (84.5% vs. 15.5%).
The following section discusses the low frequency of the ‘full-NP-quantifier’
order and the high frequency of the ‘pronoun-quantifier’ order, and shows that
the contrast in frequency between the two word orders can be attributed to the
difference in the position the quantifier occupies within the quantifier phrase. It
is also shown that some accusative floating quantifiers are followed by predicative
complements.