ANTI-NUTRITIONAL CONSTITUENT OF COLOCASIA ESCULENTA ...

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B2.3.t B2.3.2 Introduction CHAPfER B2-J RESULTS In this chapter, the results for the isolation, partial purification and characterization of saponin BI from Amadumbe are presented. Extraction and purification ofsaponin The crude ethanolic extract of Amadumbe was partitioned between chloroform and n butanol. The n-butanol fraction was analysed by TLC. Figure B2-3.1 shows the separated spots. 152
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ANTI-NUTRITIONAL CONSTITUENT OF COL
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ABSTRACT Colocasia esculenta 1. Sch
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• My colleagues Kayode, Stranger,
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CHAPTER A-2 : MATERIALS AND METHODS
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CHAPTER 8-1-4 : DISCUSSION Bl-A.l I
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C.3.3 EXPERIMENTAL TEST C.3.3.1 Foo
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MakP Makatini purple MakW Makatini
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Figures C3-9 Figure B-1 The activit
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Table C3-3 TableC3-4 Summary ofseru
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crop. Amadumbe is not extensively c
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section of the study therefore inve
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Figure AI-2: The aboveground portio
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Taro is produced in the Pacific Isl
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A.1.4 Anti-nutrients Foods are comp
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essential amino acids not available
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A.l.4.2 Amylase inhibitors In order
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A.l.4.4 Total polyphenols Polypheno
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A.1.4.7 when the levels are high en
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A.1.4.8 coordination sides to inhib
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However,ifsaponins have a triterpen
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A.l.6 nutritional factors naturally
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A.2.2.3 A.2.3 A.2.3.1 A.2.3.2 Speci
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A.2.3.4.2 A.2.3.4.3 A2.3.4.4 In ano
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A.2.3.6.3 \.2.3.6.3.1 \.2.3.6.3.2 L
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sulphuric acid. Absorbance was meas
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Table A3-1a: The moisture and ash c
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Table A3-1c Carbohydrate content (g
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and 4.13 mg 100 g-l DMin the unproc
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Table A3-3c: Fatty acids identified
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Table AJ-4b: The phenolic compounds
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The results of the analysis of alka
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MtW MtP EW EP MakW MakP Figure A3-3
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The crude fat analysis ofZululand C
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The relative proportion ofNa, Ca, K
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TIA indicated that the trypsin inhi
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samples in this study were also hig
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The cyanogen levels for Amadumbe tu
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CHAPTERA-5 CONCLUSION A.5.1 Nutriti
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In conclusion, Section A ofthis stu
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Alfaia S., Ribeiro G., Nobre A, Lui
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Bhattacharyya A, Rai S. and Babu CR
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Chavan U.D., Shahidi F. and Naczk M
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De la Cuadra C., Muzquiz M, Burbano
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Fatty acids. (2008) CyberlipidCente
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Grant G. (1991) Lectins. In: Toxic
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HofmanP., Vuthapanich S., Whiley A,
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Jobnson LT., Gee J.M, Price K.R., C
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MagaJA (1978) Simple phenols and ph
Page 120 and 121: Milton K. (2003) Micronutrient inta
Page 122 and 123: Noonan S.C. and Savage G.P. (1999)
Page 124 and 125: Pathirana C, Gibney MJ. and Taylor
Page 126 and 127: Quesada C., Bartolome B., Nieto 0.,
Page 128 and 129: Robertson RN., Highkin H.R., Smydzu
Page 130 and 131: Sheeba R. and Padmaja G. (1997) Mec
Page 132 and 133: Thompson L.U. (1988) Antinutrients
Page 134 and 135: Vijayakumari K, Siddhuraju P. and J
Page 136 and 137: PURIFICATION AND AMYLASE INHIBITOR
Page 138 and 139: calcium metalloenzymes, are complet
Page 140 and 141: Bl.1.2.4 Kunitz-Iike a-amylase inhi
Page 142 and 143: diabetes mellitus or obesity. Octiv
Page 144 and 145: B1.2.3.1 Extraction and purificatio
Page 147: BI.3.1 BI.3.2.1 Introduction CHAPTE
Page 152: B1.3.2.2 Kinetic studies The inhibi
Page 155 and 156: Bl.4.1 B1.4.2 Introduction CHAPTER
Page 157 and 158: Bl.4.3.3 results that amylase inhib
Page 159 and 160: The chemical structure ofits sapoge
Page 162 and 163: 12.1.2.3 Steroidal saponin The trit
Page 164 and 165: (the in vitro haemolytic activity)
Page 167 and 168: 82.2.3.2 82.2.3.2.1 B2.2.3.2.2 Air-
Page 169: 82.2.3.3.4 • ion source temperatu
Page 178: Sitosterols are the most extensivel
Page 181 and 182: B.S.l a-Amylase inhibitor B.S.2 Sap
Page 184 and 185: Boivin M., Flourie B., Rizza RA, Go
Page 186 and 187: Durward S., Smith IN., Cash W-K N.
Page 188: Heidari R., Zareae S. and Heidariza
Page 191 and 192: Maskos K., Huber-Wunderlich M and G
Page 193 and 194: Osagie AU. (1977) Phytosterols in s
Page 196 and 197: Sondhia S. (2005) Isolation, struct
Page 198 and 199: Wretensjo 1. (2004) Characterisatio
Page 200 and 201: c.1.1 Introduction CHAPTERC-l LITER
Page 202 and 203: C.1.2.3 respoDSlble for transport o
Page 204 and 205: C.1.3 Cl.3.! replaces some of the c
Page 208 and 209: C.l.4 Aim and outline ofSection C T
Page 210 and 211: C.2.2.3 C.2.2.3.1 Preliminary toxic
Page 212: C.2.2A.3 C.2.2.5 C.2.2.5.1 biochemi
Page 216: C.3.2.3 C.3.3 C.3.3.1 Clinical sign
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C.3.3.4 Haematology tests Serum bio
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Animals treated with beta-sitostero
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Figure C3-6: Representative photomi
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.'" ... .., ., .... •.'" ... Figu
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of free cholesterol depends on mixe
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indicate that beta-sitosterol boost
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CHAYfERC-5 CONCLUSION C.S.! Beta-si
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Bouic P J D. (2001) The role ofphyt
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Ellsworth J.L., Erickson SK and Coo
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Kwiterovich P.O. (2000) The metabol
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Nair P., Turjman N., Kessie G., CaI
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Vasarhelyi B., Szab6 T., Vec A and
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2.3 Cbaracterization and nntritiona
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AppendixA PREPARATION OF REAGENTS A
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A.A.ll 0.1 M Orthophosphorieletbano
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Liquid surfaces were fonned with et
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water. The homogenate was filtered
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410 DID and the colour remained sta
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B.A.2.9 Alkaloid [Harborne (1973»)
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Dextran blue was used to determine
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180 = molecular weight ofthe glucos
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AppendixD CERTIFICATE FROM ETInCS C
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