ANTI-NUTRITIONAL CONSTITUENT OF COLOCASIA ESCULENTA ...

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Britton 1., Pavord 1., Richards K, Wisniewski A, Knox A, Lewis S., Tattersfield A and Weiss S. (1994) Dietary magnesium, lung function, wheezing, and airway hyperreactivity in a random adult population sample. Lancet 344,357-62. Brown J.E., Khodr H., Rider RC. and Rice-Evans CA (1998) Structural dependence of flavonoid interaction with eu 2 + ions: implications for their antioxidant properties. BiochemicaLJournal330, 1173-1178. Brune M., Rossander L. and Hallberg L. (1989) Iron absorption and phenolic compounds: importance of different phenolic structures. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition 43, 547-558. Buerkert A, Haake C., Ruckwied M. and Marschner H. (1998) Phosphorus application affects the nutritional quality ofmillet grain in the Sahel. Field Crops Res. 57,223-235. Cardoso AP., Mirione E., Ernesto M, Massaza F., Cliff1., Haque M.R and Bradbwy 1.H. (2005) Processing of cassava roots to remove cyanogens. Journal of Food Composition andAnalysis 18,451-460. Carlson G.L., Li B.D., Bass P. and Olsen WA (1983) A bean alpha-amylase inhibitor formulation (starch blocker) is ineffective in man. Science 219, 393-395. Catherwood DJ., Savage G.P., Mason S.M., Scheffer J.J.c. and Douglas JA (2007) Oxalate content of corme1s of Japanese taro (Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott) and the effect ofcooking. Journal ofFoodComposition andAnalysis 20, 147-151. Chan S.S.L., Fergnson EL., Bailey K., Falnnida D., Harper T.H. and Gibson RS. (2007) The concentrations of iron, calcium, zinc and phytate in cereals and legumes habitually consumed by infants living in East Lombok, Indonesia. Journal ofFood Composition andAnalysis 20, 609-617. 86
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ANTI-NUTRITIONAL CONSTITUENT OF COL
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ABSTRACT Colocasia esculenta 1. Sch
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• My colleagues Kayode, Stranger,
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CHAPTER A-2 : MATERIALS AND METHODS
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CHAPTER 8-1-4 : DISCUSSION Bl-A.l I
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C.3.3 EXPERIMENTAL TEST C.3.3.1 Foo
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MakP Makatini purple MakW Makatini
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Figures C3-9 Figure B-1 The activit
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Table C3-3 TableC3-4 Summary ofseru
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crop. Amadumbe is not extensively c
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section of the study therefore inve
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Figure AI-2: The aboveground portio
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Taro is produced in the Pacific Isl
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A.1.4 Anti-nutrients Foods are comp
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essential amino acids not available
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A.l.4.2 Amylase inhibitors In order
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A.l.4.4 Total polyphenols Polypheno
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A.1.4.7 when the levels are high en
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A.1.4.8 coordination sides to inhib
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However,ifsaponins have a triterpen
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A.l.6 nutritional factors naturally
Page 54 and 55: A.2.2.3 A.2.3 A.2.3.1 A.2.3.2 Speci
Page 56 and 57: A.2.3.4.2 A.2.3.4.3 A2.3.4.4 In ano
Page 58: A.2.3.6.3 \.2.3.6.3.1 \.2.3.6.3.2 L
Page 61 and 62: sulphuric acid. Absorbance was meas
Page 63 and 64: Table A3-1a: The moisture and ash c
Page 65 and 66: Table A3-1c Carbohydrate content (g
Page 68 and 69: and 4.13 mg 100 g-l DMin the unproc
Page 77: Table A3-3c: Fatty acids identified
Page 80 and 81: Table AJ-4b: The phenolic compounds
Page 82 and 83: The results of the analysis of alka
Page 84: MtW MtP EW EP MakW MakP Figure A3-3
Page 87 and 88: The crude fat analysis ofZululand C
Page 89 and 90: The relative proportion ofNa, Ca, K
Page 91 and 92: TIA indicated that the trypsin inhi
Page 93 and 94: samples in this study were also hig
Page 95 and 96: The cyanogen levels for Amadumbe tu
Page 97 and 98: CHAPTERA-5 CONCLUSION A.5.1 Nutriti
Page 99 and 100: In conclusion, Section A ofthis stu
Page 101 and 102: Alfaia S., Ribeiro G., Nobre A, Lui
Page 103: Bhattacharyya A, Rai S. and Babu CR
Page 107 and 108: De la Cuadra C., Muzquiz M, Burbano
Page 109 and 110: Fatty acids. (2008) CyberlipidCente
Page 111 and 112: Grant G. (1991) Lectins. In: Toxic
Page 113 and 114: HofmanP., Vuthapanich S., Whiley A,
Page 115: Jobnson LT., Gee J.M, Price K.R., C
Page 118 and 119: MagaJA (1978) Simple phenols and ph
Page 120 and 121: Milton K. (2003) Micronutrient inta
Page 122 and 123: Noonan S.C. and Savage G.P. (1999)
Page 124 and 125: Pathirana C, Gibney MJ. and Taylor
Page 126 and 127: Quesada C., Bartolome B., Nieto 0.,
Page 128 and 129: Robertson RN., Highkin H.R., Smydzu
Page 130 and 131: Sheeba R. and Padmaja G. (1997) Mec
Page 132 and 133: Thompson L.U. (1988) Antinutrients
Page 134 and 135: Vijayakumari K, Siddhuraju P. and J
Page 136 and 137: PURIFICATION AND AMYLASE INHIBITOR
Page 138 and 139: calcium metalloenzymes, are complet
Page 140 and 141: Bl.1.2.4 Kunitz-Iike a-amylase inhi
Page 142 and 143: diabetes mellitus or obesity. Octiv
Page 144 and 145: B1.2.3.1 Extraction and purificatio
Page 147: BI.3.1 BI.3.2.1 Introduction CHAPTE
Page 152: B1.3.2.2 Kinetic studies The inhibi
Page 155 and 156:
Bl.4.1 B1.4.2 Introduction CHAPTER
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Bl.4.3.3 results that amylase inhib
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The chemical structure ofits sapoge
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12.1.2.3 Steroidal saponin The trit
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(the in vitro haemolytic activity)
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82.2.3.2 82.2.3.2.1 B2.2.3.2.2 Air-
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82.2.3.3.4 • ion source temperatu
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Figure 82-3.3: Chromatogram ofsapon
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Gamma- and possibly beta-sitosterol
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whereas beta-sitosterol was. It was
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Cheeke PR. (1971) Nutritional and p
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Franco O.L., Rigden D.L., Melo F.R
Page 190 and 191:
Kokiladevi E., Manickam A and Thayu
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Morton R.L., Schroeder RE., Bateman
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Price K.R, Eagles J. and Fenwick GR
Page 197 and 198:
Ukpabi U.R and Ukpabi J.U. (2003) P
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SECTIONC EFFECTS OF INGESTED BETA-S
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C.1.2.2 and fungal cells contain on
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Beta-sitosterol has been successful
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Digestive enzymes do the all import
Page 209 and 210:
C.2.1 Introduction CHAPTERC-2 MATER
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C.2.2.3.3 C.2.2.4 C.2.2.4.1 C.2.2.4
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C.3.! Introduction CHAPTERC-3 RESUL
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C.3.3.3 Clinical signs The appearan
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C.3.3.5 ALT and AST values were sig
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.. - Figure C3-5: Representative ph
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Figure C3-7: Representative photomi
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C.4.1 Introduction CHAPTERC-4 DISCU
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significantly, decreased after beta
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decreased by sitosterols as a resul
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Bhattacharyya AI
Page 239 and 240:
Dablqvist A (1968) Assay ofintestin
Page 242 and 243:
Ivorra MD., D'OconMP., Paya M and V
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Miettinen TA, Tilvis RS. and Kesani
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Pollak O.I. and Kritchevsky D. (198
Page 251 and 252:
2.1 Introduction CHAPTER 2 GENERAL
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2.4 Suggestions for future work Fur
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A.A.3 Enzyme trypsin 10 mg bovine-p
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AppendixB DETAILS OF MEmOOOLOGY BA1
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sugars were estimated from standard
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B.A.l.5.4.5 Liquid Chromatography M
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B.A.2.4 Tannin [Van-Burden and Robi
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The mixture was stirred continuousl
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B.C.l Esterification ofbeta-sitoste
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AppendixC OLEIC ACID STANDARD 230 2
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5 '11I;1 5 2 r - - - • j ,et [:=:
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