63 Colloquial and Li.. - Ganino.com

348 brigitte l. m. bauer
We find 66 adjective + noun instances with lexical/adverbial value in
poetry, and 74 instances in prose (the totals are 159 and 128 respectively). In
the playwrights the numbers are 47 of a total of 74 instances of adjective +
noun. By comparison, of the 49 instances of adjective + mente occurrences
in prose texts only one instance from Tacitus had lexical/adverbial value.
Other instances were lexical (Bauer 2001: 38).
The predominance of non-lexical value in prose authors is based
on Livy’s high numbers. Without Livy, the lexical reading overwhelmingly
predominates. Moreover, all instances with lexical/adverbial value in
Livy – with one exception (1/28) – include animo. Caesar has combinations
with lexical/adverbial value that include manu, voce, corpore, butin
combinations with animo that value is most frequent. Finally, in the vast
majority of these instances animo combines with aequo. Aequo animo was
therefore the most frequent combination with adverbial value in prose as
found in Sallust (4/6), Livy and Caesar (3/5), and examples are attested
from the earliest texts onward, as:
(14) ubi cognita aequo animo sint
when (these matters) have been discussed calmly.
(Cato Agr. 2.5)
Among the prose authors analysed here only Petronius includes adverbial
uses for a variety of other nouns, such as manu, voce, corpore and ore, for
example:
(15) clara Eumolpus voce exhortabatur
Eumolpus urged with a clear voice
(Petr. 140.9)
(16) ille gladium parricidali manu strinxit
he drew his sword murderously
(Petr. 80.1)
(17) ille manu pavida natos tenet
he holds his children shakingly.
(Petr. 123.226)
It is striking that the only instance of animo in Petronius does not feature
an adjective and there is only one instance of adjective + mente, with lexical
value (mente simplicissima, see example (4)).
Plautus as well shows some variation in the choice of nouns, but to a
lesser degree. Most instances of lexical/adverbial use include the noun
animo (17 examples), but we also find examples among adjective +
voce combinations (4/5), adjective + manu combinations (3/16) and
adjective + pectore combinations (4/6). In the 14 instances of adjective +