RECOVERY PLAN FOR - U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service

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Phenolo~v of Lii~ochaeta venosa A phenological pattern can be pieced together from scant information available from herbarium labels and other observations, particularly Cuddihy ~ ~j. (1983). The following generalization is based on a total of 15 observations unevenly distributed throughout the year (Table 2). Twelve of these observations were made in the period of 1980-1982 at various cinder cones. This generalized pattern is based on consistent observations in more than 1 year. It appears that many plants are flowering in March, but flowering is much reduced by June. Seeds were observed as early as April and are present on many plants in June. No flowering was observed in September or October. In these autumn months the plants were described as “dry,” with only dried inflorescences. Cuddihy ~ al. (1983) comment that during dry periods, Livochaeta venosa is hard to find because it is dry with few leaves. It is possible that this phenological pattern is not a seasonal rhythm, but rather a response to climatic conditions. Herbst (1979) suggests that flowering is brought on by winter rains. 12
Table 2. Phenological observations of Lipochaeta venosa. MONTH Jan OBSERVATION OBSERVATION #1 #2 [No Obs] Feb [No Obs] OBSERVATION #3 Mar flowers flowers flowers Apr flowers flowers & seed & seed May [No Obs] Jun few flowers & many seeds Jul [No Obs] Aug [No Obs] Sep plants dry Oct plants dry plants dry Nov [No Obs] Dec [No Obs] Reproductive Biolo~v of Isodendrion hosakae OBSERVATION #4 flowers flowers Nothing is known about the mechanisms of sexual reproduction utilized by this species. No pollinating agents have been identified (Nagata 1982), although the white flowers produce a sweet scent and numerous moths have been seen in the habitat at night (C. Corn, pers. comm. 1993). Although it has been suggested that the seeds may be wind dispersed (Nagata 1982), seedlings found underneath mature plants (Nagata 1982) in this windy area may indicate that this is not the dispersal mechanism. 13
Page 1 and 2: RECOVERY PLAN FOR LIPOCHAETA VENOSA
Page 3 and 4: Approve ~ Date: RECOVERY PLAN FOR L
Page 5 and 6: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The recovery plan
Page 7 and 8: : area precludes rehabilitation of
Page 9 and 10: 8. REASON FOR DECLINE AND CURRENT T
Page 11 and 12: I. INTRODUCTION BRIEF OVERVIEW RECO
Page 13 and 14: . been reinterpreted as Lipochaeta
Page 15 and 16: . A third species, LiDochaeta lavar
Page 17 and 18: and I. hosakae and ~. venosa occur
Page 19 and 20: . Heritage Program EOCODE: PDAST5ZO
Page 21: . In 1980-82, eight plants were als
Page 25 and 26: 1990 in a nursery at NTBG. The germ
Page 27 and 28: ) , The substrates where Isodendrio
Page 29 and 30: The percentage of total taxa that i
Page 31 and 32: mining remains a threat to these sp
Page 33 and 34: The number of plants in cultivation
Page 35 and 36: OBJECTIVE II. RECOVERY This plan pr
Page 37 and 38: . #3, estimated at 300 successfully
Page 39 and 40: not as effective as they may be els
Page 41 and 42: . Plans should require improved acc
Page 43 and 44: . cooling, and play a strong role i
Page 45 and 46: . 24. Investigate pollinators of ea
Page 47 and 48: . historically and it is not found
Page 49 and 50: LITERATURE CITED Blumenstock, D. I.
Page 51 and 52: III. IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE The Im
Page 53 and 54: LA PRIOR ITY TASK TASK DESCRIPTION
Page 55 and 56: 4> .5> PRIOR TASK RESPONSIBLE COST
Page 57 and 58: Appendix A. Reviewers of Draft Reco
Page 59 and 60: Environmental Protection Agency Haz
Page 61 and 62: Mr. Duane Kanuha Director, Planning
Page 63 and 64: Dr. Diane Ragone National Tropical

RECOVERY PLAN FOR - U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service

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