RECOVERY PLAN FOR - U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service

and I. hosakae and ~. venosa occur separately at one and four
other sites, respectively.
The two species occur together at Sites #1 and 2. Isodendrion
hosakae occurs alone at Site #3 and Livochaeta venosa occurs alone
at Sites #4-7. All of these confirmed occurrences are between 770
and 1097 meters (2500 and 3600 feet) elevation. It is inferred
that their ranges once included, at the least, the lands between
the cones where they are now extant; however, there is no way to
know what their ranges and population densities might have been
historically.
Range of Lioochaeta venosa
There are six populations of Litochaeta venosa. At four of these
sites, present and historical occurrence of L. venosa is well
documented near the 860 meter (2800 foot) contour in Waikoloa,
South Kohala District, island of Hawaii. L. venosa was first
collected by Rock in 1910 in the crater of Site #1 and in 1938 by
Hosaka at Site #4 (Herbst 1979). As of 1982, sizable populations
had been found at both of these sites and at Sites #2 and 5
(Cuddihy ~ j~. 1983). The 1980-1982 survey of 12 cinder cones
and several gulches in the Waikoloa ahupuaa of South Kohala found
L. venosa at all four sites named above (Cuddihy et ~j. 1983).
This survey included the vicinity of Site #6 but did not record
the population of ~. y~~j subsequently found and reported near
there under the synonyms of L. ~innatifidaand J~. setosa (St. John
1984; see Taxonomy section). The most recently discovered
population of j~. venosa occurs at Site #7. These plants were
discovered in June 1993, by a representative of the U.S. Soil
Conservation Service while developing a soil conservation plan for
Hawaiian Home Lands (J. Giffin, pers. comm. 1993), and identified
as L. venosa in October 1993 (D. Herbst, U.S. Army Corps of
Engineers, pers. comm. 1993).
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