Incidence, Distribution and Characteristics of Major Tomato Leaf ...
Incidence, Distribution and Characteristics of Major Tomato Leaf ... Incidence, Distribution and Characteristics of Major Tomato Leaf ...
Incidence, distribution and characteristics of major tomato leaf curl and mosaic virus diseases 172 Ullman, D. E., Cantone, F. A., and Duer, H. L. 1996. Compartimentalization, intracellular transport, and autophagy of Tomato spotted wilt virus proteins in infected thrips cells. Phytopath., 85 (6): 644 – 654. USDA, 2003. Vegetables: Acreage, Production, and value. htt://www.nass.usda.gov. Van de Watering F., Goldbach, R., and Peters, D. 1996. Tomato spotted wilt virus ingestion by first instar larvae of Frankiniella occidentalis is a prerequisite for transmission. Phytopath. 86: 900-905. Varela, A. M. 1995. Major Pests of Tomatoes in Eastern and Southern Africa: Compilation of Past Research Work and Identification of IPM opportunities. GTZ- IPM Horticulture Project Consultancy Report, Nairobi, Kenya. Verkleij, F. N., and Peters, D. 1983. Charactrisation of a defective form of (TSWV) Tomato spotted wilt virus. J.Gen.Virol. 64: 677 - 686. Villareal, R. L. 1979. Tomato production in the tropics, Problems and progress; In AVRDC, 1979, Proceedings of the 1st International Symposium on Tropical Tomato, Shanhua, Taiwan, China, 6 pp. Volvlas, C., Martelli, G. P., and Lafor Lezza, R. 1993. Out breaks of Tomato spotted wilt virus in Apulia. 43(3): 61 - 63. Von Arx, R., Baumgarter, J., and Delicchi, V. 1983. A model to stimulate the population dynamics of Bemisia tabaci Genn. (Stern. Aleyrodidae) on cotton in the Sudan Gezira. Zeitschrift Angewandhe Entomologie 96, 341-363. Wernecke, M.E., Roye, M.E., Mchaughlin, W.A., Nakhla, M.K., and Maxwell, D.P., 1997. Identification of tomato yellow leaf curl geminivirus (TYLCV-Is) in tomatoes and peppers in Jamaica. www.ebi.ac.uk/clustal W/. Wijkamp, I.; Almarza, N.; Goldbach, R.; and Peters, D. 1995. Distinct levels of specificity in thrips transmission of Tospoviruses. Phytopath. 85: 1069 - 1074. Wisler G. C., Duffus J. E., Lui H. Y., and Li, R. H. 1998. Ecology and Epidemiology of whitefly transmitted closteroviruses. Plant Dis., 82: 270 - 280. Wisler G. C., Duffus J. E., Lui H. Y., and Li, R. H., and Falk, B. W. 1997 New whitefly - transmitted Closterovirus identified in tomatoes. California Agriculture 51: 24 - 26. Wyatt, S. D., and Brown, J. K., 1996. Detection of Subgroup III Geminivirus isolates in leaf extracts by degenerate primers and polymerase chain reaction. Phytopath. 86: 1288-1293.
Incidence, distribution and characteristics of major tomato leaf curl and mosaic virus diseases 173 Yang, Y., Sherwood, T. A., Patte, C. P., Hiebert, E., and Polston, J E. 2004. Use of Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) rep gene sequences to engineer TYLCV resistance in tomato. Phytopath., 94: 490-496. Yassin, A. M. 1989. Disease Problems of Tomato Production and their control in the Sudan. Ann.Report, Gezira Agric. Res. Station. Yassin, A. M., Abu Salih, H. S., and Dafalla, G. A. 1982. Leaf Curl epidemic a threat to tomato production in the Sudan. Ann.Virol. (Inst.Pasteur), 133: 175 -181. Yassin, A. M., and Nour, M. A. 1965. Tomato leafcurl disease, its effect on yield and varietal susceptibility. Sudan Agric. J., 1: 3. Ying, Z., and Davis, M. J. 2000. Partial characterization and host range of tomato yellow leaf curl virus in South Florida. Ann.Meet.Fla. State Hort. Soc. (2000). Zakay, Y., Navot, N., Zeiden, M., Kedar, N., Rabinowitch, H. D., Czosnek, H., and Zamir, D. 1991. Screening Lycopersicon accessions for resistance to the Tomato yellow leaf curl virus presence of viral DNA and symptom development. Plant Dis., 75: 279 - 281. Zalom, F.G., Trumble, J. T., Fouche, C. F., and Summers, C. G., 2003. UC IPM Pest Management Guidelines. UC ANR Publication 3470, University of California Riverside, USA. http: // www.ipm.ucdavis. edu/ PMG/ r783301211. Zhou, X., Liu, Y., Robinson, D.J., and Harrison, B.D. 1998. Four DNA-A variants among Pakistan isolates of cotton leaf curl virus and their affinities to DNA-A of geminivirus isolates from Okra. J.Gen. Virol. 79 (Pt 4), 915-923. Zilahi-Balogh, G. M. G., Shipp, J. L., Cloutier, C., Brodeur, J. 2006. Influence of light intensity, photoperiod, and temperature on the efficacy of two aphelinid parasitoids of the greenhouse whitefly. Environ. Entom., 35: 581-589. Zitter, T.A. 1974. Transmission of Pepper mottle virus from susceptible and resistant pepper cultivars. Phytopath. 65:110 – 114.
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<strong>Incidence</strong>, distribution <strong>and</strong> characteristics <strong>of</strong> major tomato leaf curl <strong>and</strong> mosaic virus diseases 173<br />
Yang, Y., Sherwood, T. A., Patte, C. P., Hiebert, E., <strong>and</strong> Polston, J E. 2004. Use <strong>of</strong> <strong>Tomato</strong><br />
yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) rep gene sequences to engineer TYLCV resistance in tomato.<br />
Phytopath., 94: 490-496.<br />
Yassin, A. M. 1989. Disease Problems <strong>of</strong> <strong>Tomato</strong> Production <strong>and</strong> their control in the Sudan.<br />
Ann.Report, Gezira Agric. Res. Station.<br />
Yassin, A. M., Abu Salih, H. S., <strong>and</strong> Dafalla, G. A. 1982. <strong>Leaf</strong> Curl epidemic a threat to<br />
tomato production in the Sudan. Ann.Virol. (Inst.Pasteur), 133: 175 -181.<br />
Yassin, A. M., <strong>and</strong> Nour, M. A. 1965. <strong>Tomato</strong> leafcurl disease, its effect on yield <strong>and</strong> varietal<br />
susceptibility. Sudan Agric. J., 1: 3.<br />
Ying, Z., <strong>and</strong> Davis, M. J. 2000. Partial characterization <strong>and</strong> host range <strong>of</strong> tomato yellow leaf<br />
curl virus in South Florida. Ann.Meet.Fla. State Hort. Soc. (2000).<br />
Zakay, Y., Navot, N., Zeiden, M., Kedar, N., Rabinowitch, H. D., Czosnek, H., <strong>and</strong> Zamir, D.<br />
1991. Screening Lycopersicon accessions for resistance to the <strong>Tomato</strong> yellow leaf curl virus<br />
presence <strong>of</strong> viral DNA <strong>and</strong> symptom development. Plant Dis., 75: 279 - 281.<br />
Zalom, F.G., Trumble, J. T., Fouche, C. F., <strong>and</strong> Summers, C. G., 2003. UC IPM Pest<br />
Management Guidelines. UC ANR Publication 3470, University <strong>of</strong> California Riverside,<br />
USA. http: // www.ipm.ucdavis. edu/ PMG/ r783301211.<br />
Zhou, X., Liu, Y., Robinson, D.J., <strong>and</strong> Harrison, B.D. 1998. Four DNA-A variants among<br />
Pakistan isolates <strong>of</strong> cotton leaf curl virus <strong>and</strong> their affinities to DNA-A <strong>of</strong> geminivirus isolates<br />
from Okra. J.Gen. Virol. 79 (Pt 4), 915-923.<br />
Zilahi-Balogh, G. M. G., Shipp, J. L., Cloutier, C., Brodeur, J. 2006. Influence <strong>of</strong> light<br />
intensity, photoperiod, <strong>and</strong> temperature on the efficacy <strong>of</strong> two aphelinid parasitoids <strong>of</strong> the<br />
greenhouse whitefly. Environ. Entom., 35: 581-589.<br />
Zitter, T.A. 1974. Transmission <strong>of</strong> Pepper mottle virus from susceptible <strong>and</strong> resistant pepper<br />
cultivars. Phytopath. 65:110 – 114.
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