Electrophysiological Evidence for Sentence Comprehension - Wings

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Subject: EEG file: sli_tensechi2_1s.avg Recorded : 17:14:47 18-Oct-2006 Rate - 1000 Hz, HPF - 0.1 Hz, LPF - 70 Hz, Notch - 50 Hz Neuroscan SCAN 4.3 Printed : 15:44:05 08-Dec-2006 00:00:00.-100+24 ms 24/48 ms 48/72 ms 72/96 ms 96/120 ms 120/144 ms 144/168 ms 168/192 ms 192/216 ms 216/240 ms 240/264 ms 264/288 ms 288/312 ms 312/336 ms 336/360 ms 360/384 ms 384/408 ms 408/432 ms +1.5 432/456 ms 456/480 ms 480/504 ms 504/528 ms 528/552 ms 552/576 ms 576/600 ms 600/624 ms 624/648 ms 648/672 ms 672/696 ms 696/720 ms 720/744 ms 744/768 ms 768/792 ms 792/816 ms 816/840 ms 840/864 ms -3.8 -6.0 864/888 ms 888/912 ms 912/936 ms 936/960 ms 960/984 ms 984/1008 ms 1008/1032 ms 1032/1056 ms 1056/1080 ms Figure 64. Difference map in the ‘tense-chi’ experiment, SLI group 5.2.5. Comparison between TLD and SLI children Figure 65 shows an overview of the violation conditions obtained for ‘case-chi’ experiment in the group of TLD and SLI children (SLI children are represented in red). +6.0 +5.3 +4.5 +3.8 +3.0 +2.3 +0.8 0 -0.8 -1.5 -2.3 -3.0 -4.5 -5.3 139
Subject: Neuroscan EEG file: casechichi2.avg Recorded : 15:49:03 04-Oct-2006 SCAN 4.3 Rate - 1000 Hz, HPF - 0.1 Hz, LPF - 70 Hz, Notch - 50 Hz Printed : 15:57:18 08-Dec-2006 FP1 FP2 FT9 F7 F3 FZ F4 F8 FT10 FT7 FC3 FCZ FC4 FT8 T3 C3 CZ C4 T4 TP7 CP3 CPZ CP4 TP8 A1 T5 P3 PZ P4 T6 A2 PO1 O1 OZ O2 PO2 Figure 65. A comparison between TLD and SLI group, ‘case-chi’ experiment (SLI group = red) Figure 65 shows much “higher” and “deeper” effects obtained in the group of TLD children. This is clearly visible on Figure 66: P600 effect on the CPz electrode is not only smaller in comparison to TLD children, but has a later latency (74 ms). Figure 67 shows both conditions for both groups of children for the neighboring Cz electrode. Smaller difference between the experimental conditions in the group of children with SLI is clearly visible. 140
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University of Zagreb Interdisciplin
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TABLE OF CONTENT 1. Introduction 5
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Electrophysiological results 131 5.
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How people comprehend language is o
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1.1. Sentence comprehension There i
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syntactic structure obtained by the
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this process many other factors pla
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exploring sentence comprehension re
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The major advantage of eye-tracking
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ERP waveform. Components are conven
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earlier syntactic component, early
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enzyme activity, receptors or trans
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the formulation of the models that
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and disposes the wrong one as soon
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not provide such an output. In the
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itself) is called 'pragmatic normal
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grammatical knowledge, resembling p
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components. However, the models tha
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The ‘syntax-first’ model is obv
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in which any information is process
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into brain functions that are not n
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Figure 4. The layered structure of
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Activity verbs, in contrast, refer
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step in Levelt’s model perfectly
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language functioning and (2) scores
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are included, as well (e.g. the Bus
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Binding, to be more precise) to exp
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the changes in language related com
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esearch project, as well. The proje
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2. AIMS AND PROBLEMS 58
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2.2. Sentence Comprehension in Typi
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The hypotheses can be grouped accor
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4. METHODS 64
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On the basis of the test results 6
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data collected within a group of ad
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Figure 10. The presentation of the
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The violation condition consists of
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In Croatian adjectives usually prec
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object). This constitutes the viola
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‘tense’ experiments as well as
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Phonological abilities were tested
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. In addition, Homonyms, synonyms a
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software was used. The caps employe
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5.1. Adults 5.1.1. Behavioral resul
Page 89 and 90: the processes underlying comprehens
Page 91 and 92: Table 5. Statistical significance o
Page 93 and 94: calculated by subtracting the non-c
Page 95 and 96: assigned when the verb is presented
Page 97 and 98: Figure 22. Average waveform for Pz
Page 99 and 100: Table 8 gives the statistical signi
Page 101 and 102: Figure 26. The LAN effect in the
Page 103 and 104: Figure 28. P600 effect on the CPz e
Page 105 and 106: Figure 30. The waveforms at the FCz
Page 107 and 108: semantics distinction more relative
Page 109 and 110: could, in fact, be the focus of the
Page 111 and 112: Subject: Neuroscan EEG file: adults
Page 113 and 114: Figure 38. The P600 in the ‘tense
Page 115 and 116: Figure 41. Distribution maps in the
Page 117 and 118: The results of the two experiments
Page 119 and 120: Statistical analysis reveals P600 e
Page 121 and 122: Subject: Neuroscan EEG file: chiten
Page 123 and 124: Subject: EEG file: chitensechin2_1s
Page 125 and 126: Subject: Neuroscan EEG file: casech
Page 127 and 128: Figure 55. Difference in latency be
Page 129 and 130: only relatively good instrument for
Page 131 and 132: similar words or pseudo-words. Quic
Page 133 and 134: Subject: Neuroscan EEG file: slicas
Page 135 and 136: Subject: EEG file: slicasechi2_1s.a
Page 137 and 138: Subject: Neuroscan EEG file: sli_te
Page 139: Table 25. ANOVA results for the fro
Page 143 and 144: Subject: Neuroscan EEG file: chiten
Page 145 and 146: 5.3. General Discussion 5.3.1. Sent
Page 147 and 148: Croatian. In this respect ERP metho
Page 149 and 150: Figure 72. Difference between the e
Page 151 and 152: 5.3.3.. The results in the light of
Page 153 and 154: operator projection of the clause (
Page 155 and 156: Leonard’s words, of ‘low phonet
Page 157 and 158: the ‘case-chi’ experiment and t
Page 159 and 160: Six ERP experiments were performed
Page 161 and 162: corpus of data. Future work should
Page 163 and 164: - Aaronson, D., Scarborough, H.S. (
Page 165 and 166: - Bishop, D. V. M., Frazier-Norbury
Page 167 and 168: - Conti-Ramsden, G., Jones, M. (199
Page 169 and 170: - Frazier, L., & Rayner, K. (1982).
Page 171 and 172: - Hagoort, P., Brown, C., Groothuse
Page 173 and 174: - Jurafsky, D. (2002). Probabilisti
Page 175 and 176: - Kovačević, M., Jelaska, Z., Kuv
Page 177 and 178: - Molfese, D., Molfese, V, Key, A.
Page 179 and 180: typically developing peers. Journal
Page 181 and 182: - Rumelhart, D.E., McClelland, J.L.
Page 183 and 184: - Tallal, P. (1976). Rapid auditory
Page 185 and 186: - Weber, F. M., Friederici, A. D. (
Page 187 and 188: LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1. The proce
Page 189 and 190: Figure 54. Difference between adult
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SUMMARY The method of event-related
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EXTENDED SUMMARY IN CROATIAN SAŽET
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teorija jezične obrade (razumijeva
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(kad se događa radnja), taj se val
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eferenci. Modularnost se, s druge s
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