Electrophysiological Evidence for Sentence Comprehension - Wings

projection onto some set of semantic properties different from macroroles? In difference
to the constituent projection where syntax-to-semantics linking is relatively easy to
express as an algorithm, this ‘operators-to-semantics’ linking is more difficult to define.
On the one hand there are properties such as tense, aspect, illocutionary force, negation or
modality. On the other hand, is there a set of temporal relations and logical operators of
negation quantifiers, necessity and possibility, to mention at least some of the elements?
Finally, is there a subset that can be applied to all languages and what elements would it
include? If RRG is to be followed, only illocutionary force is an universal operator. The
answer to other questions can be only speculative: if syntax-to-semantics mapping
consists of linking the constituents to the arguments of the logical form of a verb defined,
basically, as its arguments, this separate linking could, perhaps, be defined in terms of a
logical structures as defined in various systems of philosophical logic: for example,
temporal and spatial logic that captures laws governing temporal or spatial relations
between propositions (e.g. UNTIL φψ meaning ‘at some point later than now φ holds,
while at all intermediate points ψ holds’ (van Benthem, 2002:400)), modal logic that
captures laws governing the notions of necessity and possibility, or epistemic logic that
investigates logical behavior of knowing or believing. While the elements of temporal
and spatial logic correspond to tense, aspect or directionals as operators in RRG,
evidentials as RRG operators could be mapped into operators of epistemic logic.
To conclude this speculation: when a speaker hears or reads a sentence, its
comprehension does not depend only upon the identifying who is doing what to whom,
but also, when the action occurs, where or with whose knowledge. These information
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