Geological Survey of Finland, Special Paper 46 - arkisto.gsf.fi

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Geological Survey of Finland, Special Paper 46 Valentinas Baltrünas, K´stutis Švedas and Violeta Pukelyt 1. The southeastern periphery of southern Lithuania endured long-lasting periglacial conditions. The northwestern part was impacted by the glaciogenic sedimentation of the ˘iogeliai (Frankfurt) and Baltija (Pomeranian) stages of the Last (Weichselian) Glaciation. The middle part, extending from south-west to north-east was infl uenced by very intensive melt water erosion and accumulation (Vilnius–Warsaw–Berlin Urstromtal). 2. The permafrost and cryogenic structures represented an important phenomenon of extraglacial zones. Permafrost degradation consisted of intensive slope transformation processes, which The authors are grateful to Prof. Dr. Habil. A. Gaigalas, Dr. A. Šliaupa, Dr. P. Šinknas and Dr. M. Baltr0nas, V. 2001. Paviršiaus geologins s_lygos. In: Baltr0nas, V. (ed.) Akmens am≥ius Piet< Lietuvoje. Vilnius: Geologijos institutas, 82–89. Baltr0nas, V. 2002. Stratigraphical subdivision and correlation of Pleistocene deposits in Lithuania (methodical problems). Vilnius: Institute of Geology. 74 p. Basalykas, A. 1965. Lietuvos TSR fi zin geografi ja. 2. Vilnius: Mintis. 492 p. Basalykas, A., Dvareckas, V. & Diceviçien, L. 1984. The Sand Plain of Southestern Lithuania and its place in the European system of ice marginal streamways. Geografi jos metraštis 21, 7–21. Brodzikowski, K. & Van Loon, A. J. 1991. Glacigenic Sediments. Developments in Sedimentology 49. Amsterdam: Elsevier. 674 p. Drobnys, A. (ed.) 1981. Lietuvos TSR atlasas. Maskva: Vyriausioji geodezijos ir kartografi josvaldyba. 216 p. Dvareckas, V. 1993. The development of the Lithuanian river valleys in late glacial and holocene. Geografi ja 29, 13–18. Dvareckas, V. & Diceviπien, L. 1987. Palaeogeographical aspects of relief in the Varna district. Geografi ja 23, 56–64. Gaigalas, A. 2001. Viršutinio (vlyvojo) pleistoceno stratigrafi - ja ir geochronologija. In: Baltr0nas, V. (ed.) Akmens am≥ius Piet< Lietuvoje. Vilnius: Geologijos institutas, 7–24. 46 CONCLUSIONS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS REFERENCES infl uenced the formation of loess-like structures. The permafrost degradation began in southern Lithuania in conjunction with the melting of the Baltija (Pomeranian) glaciers about 16,500– 13,500 years ago. 3. The specifi c features of the Baltija stage deglaciation were predetermined by a wide (30–40 m) elevation of dead ice and a glaciolacustrine basin (Simnas–Staklišks) dammed between the the South Lithuania Upland and the younger South Lithuania glacier. The excess water of this basin washed out a large part of the Middle Nemunas River. Stanπikait for consultations and assistance in studying the Pleistocene deposits in South Lithuania. Jary, Z., Kida, J. & Snihur, M. 2002. Lessy i osady lessopochodne w poludniowo-zachodniej Polsce (Loess and loessderived sediments in SW Poland). Czasopismo Geografi czne 73 (1–2), 63–100. Kabailien, M. 1990. Lietuvos holocenas. Vilnius: Mokslas. 175 p. Kabailien, M. 2001. Vlyvojo ledynmeπio bei holoceno nuosd< stratigrafi ja. In: Baltr0nas, V. (ed.) Akmens am≥ius Piet< Lietuvoje. Vilnius: Geologijos institutas, 24–29. Kondratien, O. 1996. The Quaternary stratigraphy and paleogeography of Lithuania based on paleobotanic studies. Vilnius: Academia. 209 p. Komarovsky, M. E. 1996. Minsk and Oshmiany Uplands. Minsk: Institut geologiczeskich nauk. 124 p. Satk0nas, J. 1999. The Upper Pleistocene stratigraphy and geochronology in Lithuania. Litosfera 3, 43–57. Švedas, K. 2001. Medinink< aukštumos paleogeografi n raida vlyvajame Pleistocene. Geografi jos metraštis 34 (1), 95–105. Švedas, K., Baltr0nas, V. & Pukelyt, V. 2004. Piet< Lietuvos paleogeografi ja vlyvojo pleistoceno Nemuno (Weichselian) apledjimo metu. Geologija 45, 6–15.
Applied Quaternary research in the central part of glaciated terrain, edited by Peter Johansson and Pertti Sarala. Geological Survey of Finland, Special Paper 46, 47–54, 2007. LATE WEICHSELIAN DEGLACIATION IN FINNISH LAPLAND by Peter Johansson 1 Johansson, P. 2007. Late Weichselian deglaciation in Finnish Lapland. Applied Quaternary research in the central part of glaciated terrain. Geological Survey of Finland, Special Paper 46, 47–54, 4 fi gures. The picture of the Late Weichselian deglaciation in northern Finland is based on studies of glacial processes and morphology. These include subglacial meltwater action and glaciofl uvial hydrography, till stratigraphy and ice fl ow directions, proglacial, marginal and lateral meltwater action and development of ice lakes. The deglaciation started from the northernmost part of the area as the ice margin retreated from the Younger Dryas End Moraines about 11,600 years ago. The last remains of the glacier disappeared from western Finnish Lapland about 10,000 years ago. Using all the palaeohydrographic information, for example by mapping the ice lake phases and the routes of the extramarginal channels between them, it has been possible to form a reliable reconstruction of successive stages of the ice retreat during these 1,600 years. Key words (GeoRef Thesaurus, AGI): glacial geology, deglaciation, glaciofl uvial features, meltwater channels, glacial lakes, Pleistocene, Weichselian, Lapland Province, Finland. 1 Geological Survey of Finland, P.O. Box 77, FI-96101 Rovaniemi, Finland E-mail: peter.johansson@gtk.fi 47
Page 1: GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF FINLAND Specia
Page 4 and 5: Johansson, P. & Sarala, P. (eds.) 2
Page 6 and 7: 4 CONTENTS Preface, Peter Johansson
Page 8 and 9: Geological Survey of Finland, Speci
Page 11 and 12: Applied Quaternary research in the
Page 13 and 14: DRUMLINS IN KUUSAMO AND RANUA In Ko
Page 15 and 16: RIBBED MORAINES IN SOUTHERN FINNISH
Page 17 and 18: ued fl owing from west to east but
Page 19: Sarala, P. 2005a. Glacial morpholog
Page 43 and 44: Pleistocene deposits in southern Li
Page 45 and 46: Heavy minerals Medininkai Upland Ei
Page 47: The South Lithuanian phase of glaci
Page 53 and 54: Fig. 4. Lateral drainage channels o
Page 55 and 56: for dating. The deglaciation of nor
Page 61 and 62: In Lokka, the sheetfl ow tracks wer
Page 63 and 64: Fig. 5. A compilation of low altitu
Page 73 and 74: deposited over the fi lled channel,
Page 75 and 76: Michigan Lobe as it advanced into t
Page 77 and 78: Type IV Tunnel channels The Type IV
Page 79: Attig, J. W., Mickelson, D. M. & Cl
Page 98 and 99:
Geological Survey of Finland, Speci
Page 100 and 101:
Page 102 and 103:
Page 104 and 105:
Page 106 and 107:
Page 108 and 109:
Page 110 and 111:
Page 112 and 113:
Page 114 and 115:
Page 116 and 117:
Page 118 and 119:
Page 120 and 121:
Page 122 and 123:
Page 124 and 125:
Page 126 and 127:
Page 128 and 129:
Page 130 and 131:
128
Page 132 and 133:
Page 134 and 135:
Page 136 and 137:
134
Page 138 and 139:
Page 140 and 141:
Page 142 and 143:
Page 144 and 145:
Page 146 and 147:
Page 148 and 149:
146
Page 150 and 151:
Page 152 and 153:
Page 154 and 155:
Page 156 and 157:
Page 158 and 159:
In summary, the northern part of th
Page 160 and 161:
Page 162 and 163:
Page 168:
www.gtk. info@gtk. e Peribaltic Gro
show all

Geological Survey of Finland, Special Paper 46 - arkisto.gsf.fi

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?