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Enhanced Polymer Passivation Layer for Wafer Level Chip Scale ...

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CHAPTER 5<br />

FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS<br />

In order to develop a deeper understanding of the solder joint failure mechanism caused by<br />

the repeated thermal stress, a finite element based approach <strong>for</strong> estimating the thermal cycling<br />

reliability of chip scale packages is presented in this chapter. ANSYS modeling software was<br />

used to model the WLCSP structure to evaluate stress and de<strong>for</strong>mation at various points across<br />

the device structure.<br />

5.1 Finite Element Analysis (FEA) models<br />

Finite element analysis (FEA) is a computer based numerical technique <strong>for</strong> calculating the<br />

strength and behavior of engineering structures. It is based on the premise that an approximate<br />

solution to any complex engineering problem can be reached by subdividing the problem into<br />

smaller and manageable elements. The behavior of each individual element can be described<br />

with a set of equations. These equations will finally join into an extremely large set of equations<br />

that has the behavior of the whole structure. [79]. This technique has being widely used as a<br />

convenient and powerful tool <strong>for</strong> approximation of the solution to many engineering problems in<br />

disciplines such as electronics, biomedical, aerospace, chemicals, geotechnical, and<br />

manufacturing. In addition to the analysis in classical static structural problems, FEA is also used<br />

<strong>for</strong> such diverse areas as heat transfer, dynamics, mass transport, and stability problems.<br />

93

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