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EUPHORBIACEAE 20. Phyilanthus emblica Linn. Sp. PI. 982. 1753. (Fig. 210). Emblica officinalis nodicoulis Hance. Gaertn.—Phyilanthus taxifolius Don—Cicca emblica Kurz—Dichelastina Engl. Emblic Myrobalan Tree; Sinh. Ambula, Awusada-nelli, Nelli, Nellika; Tarn. Amalagam, Andakoram, Indul, Kattunelli, Nelli, Perunelli, Sirottam, Tattiri, Toppunelli; Hindi Amalaci, Amla, Amlika, Anola, 'Anuli, Anvula, Anvurah, Anwera, Aonla, Aungra, Aunra, Daula* Sens. Adiphala, Akara, Amalaki, Amamalakam, Amlika, Amraphala, Amrita, Amritaphala, Bahuphali, Dhatri, Dhatrika, Dhatriphala, Jatiphala, Karshaphala, Kayastha, Panch'arasa, Rochani, Shanta, Shiva, Shriphala, Shriphali, Tishya, Tishyaphala, Triphala, Vayastha. Vrishya, Vrittaphala. A small or middle-sized tree, about 10 m high, with a crooked trunk and spreading branches; bark thin, grey with numerous bosses whence arise the leaf-bearing branchlets, young parts pubescent; leaves simple, alternate, very numerous, closely placed, distichous, overlapping, spreading, nearly sessile, about 1.2 cm long, linear strap-shaped, rounded at base, subacute, glabrous, paler beneath; stipules minute,-acute; flowers unisexual, small, greenish yellow, monoecious, apetaldus and axillary; male flowers: very small, numerous on slender pedicels in axillary fascicles; sepals 6, oblong, obtuse, distinct, imbricate, disc absent; stamens 3, connate throughout; female flowers: few, nearly sessile, sepals as in male; ovary superior, 3-locular with 2 ovules in each loculus, surrounded by a cuplike lacerate disc, styles 3, large, recurved or spreading, lobed; fruit globose, 1.2—1.6 cm diameter, fleshy, pale green or yellow, of 3 sub-dehiscent, 2-seeded, crustaceous cocci enclosed in a thick fleshy coat; seeds 6, trigonous. Flowers during October. Illustrations. Beddome, Flor. Sylvat. pi. 258. 1868—1873; Wight, Ic. PI. Ind. Orient. pi. 1896. 1852; Kirtikar and Basu, Indian Med. Plants, pi. 858. 1933; Herb. Peradeniya, drawing. Distribution. Grows in tropical and subtropical parts of India, Ceylon, Malay Peninsula and China. In Ceylon, it is very common in exposed places on patana land in the moist regions up to 4000 feet altitude. India. Bengal:./. D. Hooker. Assam: Naga Hills, Kohina, Prain, June 1886; Tingale Bam, Prains Collector, April 1899; Siwalik and Jaunsar Div., Dewan 107, 1921. Malabar, Concan, etc., Stocks, Law,etc. Maisor and Carnatic, G. Thomson.; Nilghiri Hills, Schmid, 1815—1835. Pen. Ind. Orient., Herb. Wight 2582, Kew Distribution 1866—8. Ceylon. Thwaites CP. 2144; Lenadora, Alexander, Oct. 1890. Central Prov., Peradeniya, Bot. Gard., cultivated, J. M. Silva, April 1911; Jayaweera 1871, Nov. 1961. Uva Prov., Namunukula, /. M. de Silva, April 1924. Burma. Shan States, Fort Stedman Valley, Aplin, Nov. 1887. Cuba. Harvard Trop. Gard., Jack 4246, Feb. 1928. Uses. The pericarp of the fruit is often used in decoctions along with other ingredients and externally on boils with cow ghee to-; promote suppuration. The root, bark and fruit are astringent. The unripe fruit is cooling, laxative and diuretic. Exudation from incisions on the fruit is applied externally on inflammation of'the eye. The juice of the bark with honey and turmeric is given for gonorrhoea. An infusion of the leaves with fenugreek seed is given for chronic diarrhoea. The fruit is rich in vitamin C. A decoction of the fruit with stems of Tinospora cordifolia is a well-known remedy for various urinary diseases. The expressed juice of the fruit along with other ingredients is used to cure haemorrhage, anaemia, colic, acute leprosy, fits, insanity, jaundice, cough, hiccough, indigestion, dyspepsia, asthma and other diseases. 229
MEDICINAL PLANTS 230 FIG. 211. PhyUanthus reticulata* A, portion of a plant with leaves and male and female flowers. 8, male flower lateral view. C. female flower lateral view D, male flower dorsal view, E, female flower dorsal view. F. fruit.
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Published by The National Science F
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Introduction CONTENTS 23. CACTACEAE
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Page 17. Momordica dioica Roxb. ...
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REPRINT OF MEDICINAL PLANTS (INDIGE
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79 For Wedelta chinenesis (Osbeck)
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199 For Croton tiglium Linn, read:
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I I PART II
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23. CACTACEAE 1. Opantia dillenii (
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24. CAMPANULACEAE 1. Lobelia nicoti
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25. CANNABINACEAE I. Cannabis sativ
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26, CAPPARIDACEAE 1. Capparis horri
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2. Capparis moooil Wight, III. 1: 3
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3. Capparis zeylanica Linn. Sp. PI.
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4. Crataevo religiose Forst. (.. Pr
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5. Gynandropsis gynandra (Linn.) Me
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CAPPARIDACEAE 6. Polanisia icosandr
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CARICACEAE The Caribbeans used the
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28. CELASTRACEAE 1. Celastrus panic
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2. Elaeodendroa glancom (Rottb.) Pe
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3. Kokoona ceylanlca Thwaites in Ho
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29. COMBRETACEAE 1. Anogelssus lati
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2. Termroalia arjuna Wight and Arn.
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3. Terminalia bellirka (Gaertn.) Ro
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4. Terminalia catappa Linn. Mant. 5
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3. Terminalia chebula Rciz., Obs. 5
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6. Terminalia tomentosa Wight and A
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30. COMMELINACEAE I. Commelina diff
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2. Cyanotis axillaris (Linn.) J. A.
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31. COMPOSITAE I. Ageratum cooyzoid
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2. Anacyclus pyrethrum DC. Fl. Fran
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3. Anaphalis subdecurrens (DC.) Gam
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4. Artemisia vulgaris Linn. Sp. PI.
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5. Bluraea mollis (D. Don) Merr. in
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COMPOSITAE 6. Centipeda minima (L.)
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7 Eclipta prostata (Linn.) Linn. Ma
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8. Elephantopus scaber Linn., Sp. P
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9. Emilia sonchifolia (Linn.) DC. i
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10. Eupatorium triplinerve Vahl, Sy
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MEDICINAL PLANTS
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MEDICINAL PLANTS
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MEDICINAL PLANTS 70 FIG. 132. Spila
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MEDICINAL PLANTS
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MEDICINAL PLANTS
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MEDICINAL PLANTS 76 Fio. 135. ' Ver
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MEDICINAL PLANTS FIG 136. Wedelia c
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MEDICINAL PLANTS 80 Fro. 137. Xanth
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MEDICINAL PLANTS
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MEDICINAL PLANTS
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MEDICINAL PLANTS 86 H Fta. 140. Arg
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MEDICINAL PLANTS 88 Fro. 141. Argyr
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MEDICINAL PLANTS 90 Fio. 142. Cuscu
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4. Cuscuta rtflexa Roxb. P!. Corom
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5. ETOIVUIUS alsinoides Linn. Sp. P
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6. Ipomoea angustlfolia Jacq., Ic.
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7. Ipomoea aquatica Forsk. Fl. Aegy
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8. Ipomoea asarifolia (Oesr.) Roem.
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CONVOLVULACEAE 9. Ipomoea mauritian
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CONVOLVULACEAE 10. Ipomoea maxima (
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11. Ipomoea nil (Linn!) Roth. Cat a
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12. Ipomoea obscura (Linn.) Ker-Gaw
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13. Ipomoea pes-caprae (Linn.) Roth
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14. Ipomoea pes-tlgridis Linn. Sp.
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CONVOLVULACEAE 15. Operculina turpe
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34. CRASSULACEAE 1. Kalanchoe lacin
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35. CRUCIFERAE 1. Brassica alba Hoo
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CRUCIFERAE 2. Brassica integrifolia
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CRUC1FERAE 3. Brassica nigra (Linn.
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36. CUCURMTACEAE 1. Benincasa hispi
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2. Bryouop*;*. laciniosa (Linn.) Na
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3. Coccinea grandis Kurz in Journ.
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CUCURBITACEAE 4. Colocynthis citnil
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5. Colocynthis vulgaris Schrad., In
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CUCURBITACEAE 6. Corallocarpus epig
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CUCURBITACEAE 7. Cucumis callosus (
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CUCURBITACEAE 8. Cucumis melo var.
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9. Cucumis sativus Linn. Sp. PI. 10
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10. Cucurbita maxima Duchesne in La
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CUCURBITACEAE 11. Lagenaria sicerar
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12. LufTa acutangula Roxb. Hort Ben
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13. Luffa cylindrica (Linn.) M. Roe
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14. Melothria heterophylla Cogn. in
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CUCURBITACEAE IS. Melothria maderas
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CUCURBITACEAE 16. Momordica charant
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17. Momordica dioica Roxb. in Willd
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18. Trichosanthes anguina Linn., Sp
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19. Trichosanthes bracteata (Lam.)
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20. Trichosanthes cucumerina Linn.
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21. Zanonia indica Linn.. Sp. PI. e
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37. CYCADACEAE 1. Cycas circinalis
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38. CYPERACEAE I. Cyperus rotundus
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39. DILLENIACEAE 1. Dillenia indica
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2. Dillenia retusa Thunb. in Trans.
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40. DIPTEROCARPEAE 1. Dipterocarpus
Page 191 and 192: 2. Dipterocarpus zeyJan'cns Thw., E
Page 193 and 194: 3. Shore* robusta Gaertn. f. Fruct.
Page 195 and 196: 41. EBENACEAE Diospyros malabarica
Page 198 and 199: 2. Rhododendron zeylanicum Booth in
Page 200 and 201: 43. ERYTHROXYLACEAE 1. Erythroxytum
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Page 204 and 205: 44. EUPHORBIAGEAE 1. Acolypha indic
Page 206 and 207: 2- Bridelia retusa (Linn.) Spreng.
Page 208 and 209: 3. CleisUnthus coUinus (Roxb.) Bent
Page 210 and 211: 4. Croton laccifeius Linn., Sp. PI.
Page 212 and 213: EUPHORBIACEAE - 5. Croton tiglium L
Page 214 and 215: 6. Dimorphocalyx glabellus Thwaites
Page 216 and 217: 7. Euphorbia antiquorum Linn. Sp. P
Page 218 and 219: 8. Euphorbia hirta Linn. Sp. PI. 45
Page 220 and 221: 9. Euphorbia indica Lamk. Diet. 2:
Page 222 and 223: 10. Euphorbia neriifolia Linn. Sp.
Page 224 and 225: U Euphoribta Ihymifolia Linn. Sp. P
Page 226 and 227: 12. Euphorbia tirucalli Linn. Sp. P
Page 228 and 229: 13. Excoecaria agallocha nn Syst Na
Page 230 and 231: 14. Jatropha curcas Linn. Sp. PI. 1
Page 232 and 233: 15. Jatropha glandulifera Roxb.. Fl
Page 234 and 235: 16. Jntropho podagrica Hook., Bot.
Page 236 and 237: EUPHORBIACEAE 17. Macaranga peltata
Page 238 and 239: EUPHORBIACEAE 18. Ma Hot us philipp
Page 240 and 241: 19. Phyilanthus debilis Klein ex Wi
Page 244 and 245: 21. Pbytlanthus reticularus Poir.,
Page 246 and 247: 22. Phyilanthus urinaria Linn. Sp.
Page 248 and 249: 23. Putran]lva roxburghii Wall., Te
Page 250 and 251: 24. Ricinus communis Linn. Sp. PI.
Page 252 and 253: MEDICINAL PLANTS
Page 254 and 255: MEDICINAL PLANTS FlO. 216. Securine
Page 256 and 257: MFDICINAL PLANTS 244 Fio. 217. Trag
Page 258 and 259: MEDICINAL PLANTS 246 FIG. 218. Quer
Page 260 and 261: INDEX T O PLANTS ACCORDING T O THER
Page 262 and 263: Operculina turpethum. US Phyilanthu
Page 264 and 265: Centipede bites Cucurbita maxima, 1
Page 266 and 267: Operculina turpethum, 115 Phyilanth
Page 268 and 269: Eye diseases Kokoona zeylanica, 27
Page 270 and 271: HemJphlegiu Colocynthis vulgaris, 1
Page 272 and 273: Metrorrhagia Artemisia vulgaris, 51
Page 274 and 275: Euphorbia nertifolia, 209 Ipomoea n
Page 276 and 277: Sprue Cucumis sativus, 141 Sprains
Page 278 and 279: Phyllanthus debilis, 227 Terminalia
Page 280 and 281: Sal-gaha, 179 Sanninayan, 73 Sara l
Page 282 and 283: Kumbam, US Kumbanjan, 115 Kunasagam
Page 284 and 285: Abies chilotnsls Hort., 83 chllrowe
Page 286 and 287: Convolvulus paimata Mocnch, 113 pan
Page 288 and 289: keynttVfa.ll., 105 insignis Andr.,
Page 290: Terminalia alaia Roth., 39 arjuna W
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