280 Index topical application, 243 Artichoke, dyslipidemia studies, 28, 29 B Bioelectromagnetics, cardiovascular effects, 205–207 overview, 204, 205 Bishop’s weed, angina studies, 29, 30 C CAM, see <strong>Complementary</strong> and alternative medicine Camellia, see Green tea Cardiac glycosides, see Digitalis Carnitine, cardiovascular benefit studies, congestive heart failure, 110 myocardial infarction, 109, 110 peripheral artery disease, 110, 111 functions, 109 use guidelines, 111 β-Carotene, cardiovascular disease prevention studies, 63 Chelation therapy, clinical applications, coronary artery disease, 195, 196 peripheral artery disease, 196 clinical studies in cardiovascular disease, initial reports, 191 observational studies, 191, 192 prospects, 198 randomized controlled trials, 192, 193 ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid pharmacology, 190 lead poisoning, 189 mechanisms of action, 193–195 popularity of use, 189, 190 toxicity and contraindications, 196–198 treatment protocol, 197 CHF, see Congestive heart failure Cholesterol, dietary intake and coronary heart disease risks, 76 elevation, see Dyslipidemia food sources, 92 Chronic venous insufficiency (CVI), horse chestnut studies, 39 CLA, see Conjugated linoleic acid Claims, interpretation for supplements, 20, 21 Coenzyme Q10, cardiovascular benefit studies, angina studies, 108 congestive heart failure, 107, 108 myocardial preservation in heart surgery, 108 drug interactions and bleeding risks, 54 functions, 107 indications, 51 use guidelines, 108 <strong>Complementary</strong> and alternative medicine (CAM), assessment methodology, 5–8 clinical trial initiation, 3, 4 definition, 2 physician knowledge importance, 2–4 physician response categories, 4, 5 popularity of use, 2, 3 sociodemographics of users, 2, 3 Web resources, see Internet resources Congestive heart failure (CHF), acupuncture studies, 182 arginine studies, 103, 104 carnitine studies, 110 coenzyme Q10 studies, 107,108 creatinine studies, 112, 113 digitalis management, 30, 31 hawthorn studies, 37, 38 homeopathic medicine, 230
Index 281 taurine studies, 106 Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), cardiovascular benefits, 82, 83 food sources, 93 Creatinine, congestive heart failure benefit studies, 112, 113 functions, 112 use guidelines, 113 CVI, see Chronic venous insufficiency Cyclosporine, grapefruit juice interactions, 55 red wine interactions, 54 St. John’s wort interactions, 53 D Dandelion, diuretic activity, 31, 32 hypertension studies, 31, 32 Danshen, drug interactions and bleeding risks, 53 DHA, see Docosahexaenoic acid Dietary fat, see Fatty acids Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act (DSHEA), impact, 14, 15 Digitalis, foxglove use history, 30 mechanism of action, 30, 31 monitoring of use, 31 plant sources, 31 Diuretics, see Dandelion Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), cardiovascular benefits, 80–82 Dong quai, bleeding risks, 52, 53 DSHEA, see Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act Dyslipidemia, N-acetylcysteine studies, 111 arginine studies, 104, 105 artichoke studies, 28, 29 garlic studies, 32, 33 green tea studies, 43 guggul studies, 35, 36 hawthorn studies, 38 niacin studies, 66, 67 phytosterol studies, 40 red yeast rice studies, 42, 43 E EDTA, see Ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), cardiovascular benefits, 80–82 Energy therapy, Eastern science, intrinsic energy system, 202, 203 Western science, 203, 204 extrinsic energy therapies, auditory acoustic energy, 208 bioelectromagnetics, 204–207 laser therapy, 208, 209 touch therapy, 209 ultrasound, 207, 208 intrinsic energy therapies, cardiovascular disease effects, 210, 211 principles, 209, 210 overview, 201, 202 safety and efficacy summary, 211, 212 EPA, see Eicosapentaenoic acid Essential oils, see Aromatherapy Ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA), see Chelation therapy F Fatty acids, coronary heart disease risks, saturated fatty acids, 75, 76 total fat intake, 83 trans fatty acids, 76, 91 Dietary Reference Intakes by type, 73–75, 85, 86 food distribution by type, 87–96 healthy menu samples 95, 96 unsaturated fatty acid benefits, conjugated linoleic acid, 82, 83 food sources, 85,87
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Complementary and Alternative Cardi
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CONTEMPORARY CARDIOLOGY CHRISTOPHER
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© 2004 Humana Press Inc. 999 River
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vi Preface physician or other healt
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viii Contents 10 Massage Therapy an
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x Contributors ERIN L. OLIVO, PhD
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Chapter 1 / CAM and CVD 1 1 Complem
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Chapter 1 / CAM and CVD 3 patients
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