Complementary Alternative Cardiovascular Medicine

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246 Alternative Cardiovascular Medicine Table 2 Essential Oils in This Chapter Common name Botanical name Angelica Angelica archangelica Bergamot Citrus bergamia Chamomile German Matricaria recutita Chamomile Roman Chamomelum nobile Clary sage Salvia sclarea Cimmamon Cinnamomum zeylanicum Clove Syzygium aromaticum Eucalyptus Eucalyptus globulus Lavender true Lavandula angustifolia Lavender spike Lavandula latifolia Lavender stoechas Lavender stoechas Lemon Citrus limon Lemongrass Cymbopogon citruatus Mandarin Citrus reticulata Neroli C. aurantium var amara flos Peppermint Mentha piperita Rose Rosa damascena Tea tree Melaleuca alternifolia Thyme Thymus vulgaris Ylang ylang Cananga odorata Table 3 Examples of Plant Taxonomy Example 1: Common name Neroli Botanical name Citrus aurantium var amara flos Genus Citrus Species Aurantium Variety Amara Part Flower (flos) Example 2: Common name Lavender Botanical name Lavandula angustifolia Genus Lavandula Species Angustifolia Part Flowering plant
Chapter 15 / Aromatherapy and CVD 247 metic products contain 2–5% tea tree. Carson also found that although tea tree inhibited MRSA, it did not inhibit coagulase negative staphylococci and, therefore, preserved the skin flora. The effective antimicrobial activity of an essential oil in vitro does not necessarily predict a similar action in human subjects. However, Caelli et al. (25) conducted a study with human subjects using 4% tea tree nasal ointment and 5% tea tree body wash against a control of 2% mupirocin nasal ointment and triclosan body wash on MRSA. The tea tree combination was better than the conventional one. Because of the small number of patients (n = 30), no statistical significance could be drawn. A recently published case report in BioMed Central Surgery suggests a role for essential oils in MRSA osteomyelitis. Sherry et al. (26) reported on a chronic case of MRSA osteomyelitis. A 49-yr-old man had sustained an open fracture to his left tibia. He underwent debridement and insertion of an intramedullary nail and later a free-flap to the lower tibia, repositioning of the nail, and a femoral-popliteal bypass graft. Eight mo later, he underwent debridement of the flap, and 15 mo later he underwent a debridement of an infective focus of the left tibia. He subsequently developed chronic osteomyelitis (MRSA). Long-term antibiotic therapy with flucloxacillin and dicloxacillin had been unsuccessful. Before a planned amputation a percutaneous incision was drilled in the lower tibia and washed and packed with calcium sulfate pellets impregnated with lemongrass, eucalyptus, tea tree, clove, and thyme in an ethanol base. A catheter was left to allow delivery of further delivery of essential oils. Three months later, the wound had healed, the culture was clear, and a plain X-ray showed resolution of the infective process with incorporation of the bone graft. Chao et al. (27) demonstrated that airborne colonies of S. aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were reduced by 44% and 96%, respectively, when a diffusion of essential oils (cinnamon, clove, rosemary, eucalyptus, and lemon) was diffused for 2 min before and during culture in a microbiology laboratory. After only 12 min of exposure, the bacteria was reduced 10-fold. Borderline Hypertension Many of the main classes of antihypertensive drugs are associated with adverse events, such as dizziness, headache, or rash. If essential oils were effective, a lower dose of conventional medication could be used. Freund (28) conducted a small pilot study on 13 patients with borderline hypertension (21–71 yr, five men and eight women). Baseline blood pressure was obtained, and patients rated their stress level based on a visual analog scale. Subjects were asked in inhale five drops of ylang
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Complementary and Alternative Cardi
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CONTEMPORARY CARDIOLOGY CHRISTOPHER
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© 2004 Humana Press Inc. 999 River
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vi Preface physician or other healt
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viii Contents 10 Massage Therapy an
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x Contributors ERIN L. OLIVO, PhD
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Chapter 1 / CAM and CVD 1 1 Complem
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Chapter 1 / CAM and CVD 3 patients
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Chapter 1 / CAM and CVD 5 The crite
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Chapter 1 / CAM and CVD 7 disease c
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Chapter 1 / CAM and CVD 9 analyses,
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12 Alternative Cardiovascular Medic
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Chapter 5 / Vitamin Therapy and CVD
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Table 2 Type and Quantity of Dietar
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Page 291 and 292: Index 279 INDEX A N-Acetylcysteine
Page 293 and 294: Index 281 taurine studies, 106 Conj
Page 295 and 296: Index 283 Homeopathic medicine, see
Page 297 and 298: Index 285 funding of studies, 148 g
Page 299: Contemporary Cardiology COMPLEMENTA
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Complementary Alternative Cardiovascular Medicine

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