OFR 151.pdf - CRC LEME

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TABLE 8a: INFERRED CRETACEOUS PALAEOCLIMATES Meteorological INFERRED PALAEOCLIMATE parameter North-West North-East Centre South-West central southern South-East Tasmania TIME SLICE K-1: BERRIASIAN to BARREMIAN 141-115 Ma temperature lower mesotherm? microtherm range microtherm range lower? mesotherm lower mesotherm microtherm range? rainfall humid? humid humid-perhumid humid humid humid-perhumid no record seasonality strong (temperature) strong (temperature) strong (temperature) strong? (temp.) strong? (temp.) strong (temperature) TIME SLICE K-2: APTIAN to ALBIAN 115-97.5 Ma temperature mesotherm range microtherm range microtherm range lower mesotherm microtherm range lower microtherm rainfall humid humid-perhumid humid humid humid-perhumid perhumid no record seasonality weak? strong (temperature) strong (temperature) weak? strong? (temp.) strong (temperature) TIME SLICE K-3: CENOMANIAN 97.5-91 Ma temperature upper mesotherm mesotherm range upper microtherm lower mesotherm? micro-mesotherm micro-mesotherm rainfall perhumid humid humid subhumid? humid humid no record seasonality strong? (rainfall) strong? (rainfall) weak (temperature) strong? (rainfall) weak (temperature) weak (temperature) upper mesotherm? lower mesotherm? upper microtherm microtherm range TIME SLICE K-4: TURONIAN to SANTONIAN 91-83 Ma temperature rainfall humid-perhumid no record no record no record humid-perhumid humid-perhumid humid-perhumid seasonality strong (rainfall) ±uniform (rainfall) ±uniform (rainfall) strong (temperature) upper mesotherm micro-mesotherm microtherm range rainfall humid-perhumid no record no record no record humid perhumid no record strong? (temp.) weak? (rainfall) ±uniform (rainfall) TIME SLICE K-5: EARLY CAMPANIAN 83-70 Ma temperature seasonality TIME SLICE K-6: LATE CAMPANIAN to MAASTRICHTIAN 70-65 Ma temperature meso-megatherm no record no record upper microtherm upper microtherm upper microtherm rainfall no record no record humid humid humid seasonality strong (rainfall) variable (rainfall) strong (rainfall) strong (rainfall) strong (rainfall) strong (rainfall) 115
TABLE 8b: INFERRED TERTIARY PALAEOCLIMATES Meteorological INFERRED PALAEOCLIMATE parameter North-West North-East Centre South-West central southern South-East Tasmania TIME SLICE T-1: PALEOCENE 65-54.8 Ma temperature upper mesotherm lower mesotherm mesotherm range # upper mesotherm * lower mesotherm lower mesotherm upper microtherm rainfall subhumid-?humid humid-perhumid humid subhumid-humid humid-perhumid humid-perhumid perhumid seasonality strong (rainfall) weak (rainfall) weak (rainfall) strong (rainfall) weak (rainfall) ±uniform (rainfall) ±uniform (rainfall) TIME SLICE T-2: EARLY EOCENE 54.8-49 Ma temperature megatherm range * mesotherm range upper mesotherm upper mesotherm * upper mesotherm * upper mesotherm * mesotherm range * rainfall perhumid humid-perhumid perhumid perhumid humid-perhumid humid-perhumid perhumid seasonality strong (rainfall) weak (rainfall) weak (rainfall) strong (rainfall) weak (rainfall)? weak (rainfall) weak (temperature) TIME SLICE T-3: MIDDLE to LATE EOCENE 49-33.7 Ma temperature megatherm range * mesotherm range * mesotherm range mesotherm range mesotherm range * mesotherm range micro-mesotherm rainfall humid-perhumid perhumid humid-perhumid humid-perhumid perhumid perhumid perhumid seasonality strong (rainfall) weak (rainfall) variable (rainfall) variable (rainfall) weak (rainfall) weak (rainfall) ±uniform (rainfall) TIME SLICE T-4: OLIGOCENE to MIDDLE MIOCENE 33.7-11.2 Ma temperature megatherm range mesotherm range * lower mesotherm lower mesotherm lower mesotherm mesotherm range microtherm range rainfall subhumid-semiarid perhumid humid subhumid-humid perhumid humid-perhumid perhumid seasonality strong (rainfall) weak (rainfall) variable (rainfall) variable (rainfall) weak (rainfall) variable (rainfall) ±uniform (rainfall) TIME SLICE T-5: LATE MIOCENE to PLIOCENE 11.2-1.78 Ma temperature megatherm range upper mesotherm lower mesotherm mesotherm range mesotherm range mesotherm range microtherm range rainfall subhumid-semiarid humid-perhumid subhumid-humid subhumid-humid subhumid-semiarid humid-perhumid perhumid seasonality strong (rainfall) strong (rainfall) strong (rainfall) strong (rainfall) strong (rainfall) weak (temperature) strong (temperature) # possibly Early Eocene * Nypa present 116
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CRCLEME Cooperative Research Centre
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Electronic copies of the publicatio
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and, for Tertiary continental seque
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2. Analysis of a Plio-Pleistocene l
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Table A (cont.) Basin and related s
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Figure A: Generalised climatic curv
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Carpenter, R.J., Hill, R.S., Greenw
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Hill, S.M., Eggleton, R.A. and Tayl
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Macphail, M.K. and Stone, M.S., 200
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Swenson, U., Backlund, McLoughlin,
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This review prese
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Temperature Climates in palaeo-sout
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SUMMARY OF INFERRED CRETACEOUS PALA
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INTRODUCTION Mineral resources, whe
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Professor B. Balme (Geology Departm
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Section 7 (Tertiary climates) This
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vegetation. Moreover, individual ta
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1.3 Flora, vegetation and climate 1
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TABLE 2: Classification of vegetati
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Figure 2: Relationship of different
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Accordingly, only at sites with exc
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2.1.3 Palaeoecology Palaeoecology i
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wind-pollinated trees and shrubs bu
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1. The usual practice of equating t
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1. Palaeontological evidence Like p
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5. Facies architecture and lithostr
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Subsequent developments include mel
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SECTION 4 (GEOGRAPHIC BOUNDARIES AN
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SECTION 5 (EARLY CRETACEOUS CLIMATE
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events on other continents and sugg
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If these considerations apply to th
Page 66 and 67: surrounding basins. Thick sands ero
Page 68 and 69: Haig and Lynch 1993, Erbacher et al
Page 70 and 71: SECTION 6 (LATE CRETACEOUS CLIMATES
Page 72 and 73: has highlighted the roles played by
Page 74 and 75: 6.4.2 Palaeobotany Cenomanian flora
Page 76 and 77: Palaeo-southern Australia Dryland c
Page 78 and 79: 6.7 Time Slice K-6. Late Campanian-
Page 80 and 81: 7.1. Global backdrop SECTION 7 (TER
Page 82 and 83: Explanations for the PETM are centr
Page 84 and 85: East Antarctica and strengthening o
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Page 88 and 89: southeastern Australia than elsewhe
Page 90 and 91: 7.4 Time Slice T-1. Paleocene [65-5
Page 92 and 93: Palaeo-southern Australia Unlike no
Page 94 and 95: Palaeo-central Australia As for the
Page 96 and 97: 7.6.2 Palaeobotany The palaeobotani
Page 98 and 99: Zone microfloras imply temporary wa
Page 100 and 101: in the Bass Basin, the basal Seaspr
Page 102 and 103: Similarly it is difficult to summar
Page 104 and 105: However, the data are emphatic that
Page 106 and 107: margin of plateau were cooler (~7 0
Page 108 and 109: fossil taxa that are morphologicall
Page 110 and 111: during Late Pleistocene glacial max
Page 112 and 113: SECTION 8 (CONCLUSIONS) Climatic in
Page 114 and 115: • On present indications, Early C
Page 118 and 119: 8.2 Results in prospect (recommenda
Page 120 and 121: The 10 μm sieved, oxidised extract
Page 122 and 123: phenology. The method also provides
Page 124 and 125: SECTION 9 (REFERENCES) Acton, G.D.
Page 126 and 127: Ashley, P.M., Duncan, R.A. and Feeb
Page 128 and 129: Birks, H.J.B. and Gordon, A.D., 198
Page 130 and 131: Burnham, R.J., 1989. Relationships
Page 132 and 133: Clarke, J.D.A., 1994. Evolution of
Page 134 and 135: Dettmann, M.E. and Playford, G., 19
Page 136 and 137: Evans, P.R., 1970b. Palynology of H
Page 138 and 139: Godthelp, H., Archer, M., Cifelli,
Page 140 and 141: Harris, W.K., 1974. Biostratigraphy
Page 142 and 143: Hill, R.S., 1994b. Nothofagus smith
Page 144 and 145: Holland, S.M. and Patzkowsky, M.E.,
Page 146 and 147: Australia: paleoceanographic implic
Page 148 and 149: Lindsay, J.M. and Harris, W.K., 196
Page 150 and 151: Macphail, M.K., Colhoun, E.A. and F
Page 152 and 153: McGowran, B. and Beecroft, A., 1985
Page 154 and 155: Morgan, R., 1977. Palynology of Ter
Page 156 and 157: Abstracts of the Annual General Mee
Page 158 and 159: Raymo, M.E., Grant, B., Horowitz, M
Page 160 and 161: Sereno, P.C., 1999. The evolution o
Page 162 and 163: Taylor, G., 1998. Prediction of mod
Page 164 and 165: Webb, L.G., 1968. Environmental rel
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Zachos, J.C., Stott, L.D. and Lohma
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APPENDIX 1 CRETACEOUS DATA 167
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1. TIME SLICE K-1 Age Range: Berria
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Australian assemblages, located on
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2. Officer Basin Dinoflagellates in
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2. TIME SLICE K-2 Age Range: Aptian
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Inferred climate The combined data
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Dettmann et al. (1992) have argued
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3. TIME SLICE K-3 Age Range: Cenoma
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3.2.2 North-East Australia 1. Carpe
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4. TIME SLICE K-4 Age Range: Turoni
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1. Otway Basin Limited data (Macpha
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5. TIME SLICE K-5 Age Range: Early
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Inferred climate The data indicate
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6. TIME SLICE K-6 Age Range: Late C
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Contrary to global cooling trends d
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Inferred climate The relatively goo
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Inferred climate As for regions to
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APPENDIX 2 TERTIARY DATA 201
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1. TIME SLICE T-1 Age Range: Paleoc
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also include relatively frequent No
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Inferred climate Some differences b
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Microfloras preserved in the Lower
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subtropical affinities are rare, hi
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2. TIME SLICE T-2 Age Range: Early
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Inferred climate Climates appear to
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northern New South Wales. The assem
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2.2.5 Central southern Australia Ha
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a number of distinctive Proteaceae
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Inferred climate The Regatta Point
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3. TIME SLICE T-3 Age Range: Middle
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2. Lake Torrens Basin Abundant leaf
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Dominance is highly variable. For e
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types (M.K. Macphail unpubl. data).
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Dacrycarpus), Euphorbiaceae (Austro
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(possibly upper mesotherm) and drie
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Basin) on the Eyre Peninsula (Alley
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explanation is that a warm water gy
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several taxa, which first appear in
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4. TIME SLICE T-4 Age Range: Oligoc
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Inferred climate The southern limit
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The lowest and possibly the oldest
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Dominants include fresh to brackish
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Based on the relative abundance of
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(Morgan 1977, McMinn 1981a, Martin
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common (up to 5-6%) in the middle s
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Polypodiaceae, Palmae (Dicolpopolli
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Strasburgeriaceae. Proprietary info
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Rare taxa which first appear in the
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Correlative microfloras in the onsh
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impression of floristic impoverishm
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(Lophosoria) reached Tasmania befor
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2. Otway Basin Oxygen isotope strat
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5. TIME SLICE T-5 Age Range: Late M
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Casuarinaceae, Cunoniaceae, Elaeoca
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maximum temperature of the hottest
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Nothofagus-gymnosperm temperate rai
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5.2.7 Tasmania Late Neogene sedimen
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