the university of chicago the phonology and ... - SIL International
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Her phonological analysis consists <strong>of</strong> making an inventory <strong>of</strong> phonemes in each language<br />

<strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong>n classifying <strong>the</strong> languages according to three typological factors: (1) <strong>the</strong> presence<br />

or absence <strong>of</strong> individual sounds, (2) pertinent oppositions between sounds in various<br />

dialects, <strong>and</strong> (3) <strong>the</strong> syllable structure <strong>of</strong> certain lexical items. Her lexical comparison<br />

focuses on <strong>the</strong> percentage <strong>of</strong> cognates found in each pair <strong>of</strong> languages.<br />

Cloarec-Heiss (1986) proposes a classification <strong>of</strong> 43 B<strong>and</strong>a dialects (although she<br />

in fact analyzes only 17 dialects), following <strong>the</strong> same phonological <strong>and</strong> lexical criteria<br />

used in her previous study, <strong>and</strong> makes a stronger attempt to differentiate dialects.<br />

Unfortunately, she does not discuss her data or analysis. She tentatively proposes two<br />

major groups: Central B<strong>and</strong>a <strong>and</strong> Peripheral B<strong>and</strong>a, based predominantly on native<br />

speaker sentiments (Cloarec-Heiss 1997). Central B<strong>and</strong>a is geographically central to <strong>the</strong><br />

overall B<strong>and</strong>a region <strong>and</strong> consists <strong>of</strong> a group <strong>of</strong> languages which are phonologically,<br />

morphologically, <strong>and</strong> lexically homogenous. Never<strong>the</strong>less, six different sub-classes <strong>of</strong><br />

Central B<strong>and</strong>a do emerge. Peripheral B<strong>and</strong>a is made up <strong>of</strong> a more diverse group <strong>of</strong><br />

languages which are geographically dispersed, mostly to <strong>the</strong> west <strong>and</strong> south <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong><br />

Central B<strong>and</strong>a region. Cloarec-Heiss divides Peripheral B<strong>and</strong>a into five regions: West<br />

Central, South Central, Sou<strong>the</strong>rn, Southwestern, <strong>and</strong> Western. Cloarec-Heiss (1988)<br />

<strong>of</strong>fers a slight revision to her classification. She conflates Western with Central B<strong>and</strong>a,<br />

making Yangere a seventh subgroup <strong>of</strong> Central B<strong>and</strong>a.<br />

Olson (1996) provides a comparative study <strong>of</strong> a 204-item word list in 13 B<strong>and</strong>a<br />

dialects: Linda, Yangere, Ngao, Vara, Wojo, Dakpa, Langbasi, Mb<strong>and</strong>ja, Mono-Bili,<br />

Mono-Bub<strong>and</strong>a, Mono-Galaba, Gobu, <strong>and</strong> Togbo. The data for <strong>the</strong> first eight languages<br />

are taken from Moñino (1988), while Olson includes <strong>the</strong> data for <strong>the</strong> last five languages<br />

in his article. He studies several consonants, reconstructing Proto-B<strong>and</strong>a phonemes <strong>and</strong><br />

sound laws to account for <strong>the</strong> present-day pronunciations. In addition, he examines <strong>the</strong><br />

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