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Figure 8.27: Waveform and spectrogram of the word F F F F ‘big hoe’ (Speaker K).
The average values of VOT and the standard deviations are given in Table 8.1:
Table 8.1: VOT values for labial, velar, and labial-velar stops (Speaker K)
Wd-initial stop VOT (ms) SD (ms)
27.6 1.5
F 10.2 2.6
F F F F -10.0 9.5
The VOT of the labial-velar stop is negative in all but one of the tokens. Note that
the standard deviation of the labial-velar VOTs is larger than that for the other stops.
Connell also noted that there was a greater variation in VOT for labial-velar stops than
other stops in Ibibio. 2
In summary, then, we see that labial-velar stops in Mono have the following
characteristics. The primary acoustic correlate of implosive consonants is not present; the
2 Connell implies that a negative value of VOT for F
F F F is evidence of a glottalic ingressive
component to its articulation. However, pharyngeal pressure measurements would be necessary to
substantiate this.
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