the university of chicago the phonology and ... - SIL International

Repetitive aspect (REP). The repetitive aspect is indicated by the invariable prefix
F= F=( F= F= before the verb stem. The verb stem may be inflected for various TAM.
(26) a. F=( F=(IK( F=( F=( IK( IK( IK( =(C=( =(C=( =(C=( =(C=( 1SG REP-draw:NF other DET
‘I drew (water) again.’
b. F=( F=(F= F=( F=( F= F= F= =(C=( =(C=( =(C=( =(C=( REP-say:IMP other DET
‘Repeat. (lit: say again)’
c. F=( F=(I( F=( F=( I( I( I( (K (K (K (K = = = = =@(A =@(A =@(A =@(A J5 J5 J5 J5 F=H= F=H= K(@K( K(@K( H H H H B B B B
1SG REP-be INF-ask mother 1SG that 3SG look.for rest thing DET BEN 1SG
‘I was again asking my mother to look for some leftovers for me.’
Stative aspect (STAT). The stative aspect (cf. Payne 1997: 240) is marked by
reduplication of the first syllable of the verb. The reduplicant bears a HL falling tone
while the first syllable of the verb root bears a L tone.
(27) a. ( ( ( ( 5K(K5K 5K(K5K 5K(K5K 5K(K5K
it RED:STAT-bitter:STAT
‘It is bitter.’
b. ( ( ( ( C=(=C= C=(=C= C=(=C= C=(=C=
it RED:STAT-stir.with.difficulty:STAT
‘It is difficult to stir.’
c. F=J= F=J= F=J= F=J= K(KKHK K(KKHK K(KKHK K(KKHK
mud RED:STAT-be.slippery:STAT
‘The mud was slippery.’
Conditional mood (COND). The conditional mood is indicated by the invariable
prefix plus the verb stem. In my corpus, the verb stem is marked as non-future. The
second clause in the construction is often marked as future.
(28) a. >(H >(H
>(H >(H =J= =J= C> C> C> C> ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( @( @( @( @( M=(=
M=(=
2SG COND-do:NF thus child of 1SG 1SG:FUT like:FUT 2SG much
‘If you do this, my child, I will love you a lot.’
b. =(=( =(=(
=(=( =(=( AA AA AA AA (J( (J( (J( (J(
@( @( @( @( ( ( ( ( >=A >=A >=A >=A
2SG COND-RED-come:NF NEG being DET COP problem of 2SG one
‘If you do not come, the problem will be yours alone.’
110