Neonicotinoid Pesticides and Bees - The Food and Environment ...
Neonicotinoid Pesticides and Bees - The Food and Environment ...
Neonicotinoid Pesticides and Bees - The Food and Environment ...
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Compound tested<br />
species/subspecies<br />
Bombus terrestris L. (Greenhouses)/fie<br />
ld exposure/adults<br />
Imidacloprid<br />
(Merit 0.5 G, granular<br />
formulation)<br />
Bombus impatiens<br />
Study type Test dose Test<br />
duration<br />
(bumble bee<br />
hives introduced<br />
for pollination)<br />
Semi-field<br />
(pollination<br />
cages)/field<br />
exposure/adults<br />
[Tall fescue,<br />
(Festuca<br />
Arundinacea) with<br />
25-50% flowering<br />
(foliar spray)<br />
0.4483 kg<br />
a.i./ha<br />
+<br />
1.5 cm of<br />
irrigation from<br />
lawn sprinklers<br />
Endpoints Results Notes (study<br />
reference figure<br />
<strong>Neonicotinoid</strong> pesticides <strong>and</strong> bees Page 95 of 133<br />
Report to Syngenta Ltd<br />
rate<br />
(ii) Fruit<br />
setting/develop<br />
ment<br />
(iii) Life span of<br />
colony<br />
(iv) Broth<br />
consumption<br />
(v) Colony<br />
parameters at<br />
end of study<br />
30d Weight (g)<br />
(i) Colony (with<br />
hive)<br />
(ii) Workers<br />
(iii) Queen<br />
No. in colony<br />
(i) Workers<br />
(ii) Brood<br />
reduction in pollination<br />
following both hive<br />
introductions<br />
(ii) ‘Inferior’ flower<br />
pollinations<br />
(iii) No effects observed<br />
(few larvae found around<br />
hives when checks made)<br />
(iv) 1st hive: c. 1/3 of<br />
control consumption<br />
2nd hive: c. 4/5 of control<br />
consumption<br />
(v) 1st hive: no. small<br />
larvae, weight of workers,<br />
weight of nest all lower<br />
than controls (nest weight<br />
c. 54% of control). 2nd<br />
hive: less clear<br />
differences<br />
No significant difference<br />
for any endpoint<br />
22)<br />
applications were<br />
also made to all<br />
test plots including<br />
controls.<br />
Reference<br />
(2005)<br />
Gels et al<br />
(2002)
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