Neonicotinoid Pesticides and Bees - The Food and Environment ...

Compound tested
Species
Imidacloprid
(Gaucho, 70% a.i.)
Apis melliferea
ligustica L. x A. m.
caucasica L.
Imidacloprid
(Gaucho, 70% a.i.)
‘Honeybees’
Study type Test dose Test
duration
Semi-field/oral
exposure/adults
Semi-field/oral
exposure/adults
0, 0.35, 0.7 mg
a.i./seed
(in tunnels)
0.35, 0.7, 1.05
mg a.i./seed
(in tunnels)
0.7 mg
a.i./seed (in
field)
20ppb spiked
sugar solution
(feeding
experiments
under field
conditions)
Endpoints Results Notes (reference
to study numbers
in figures 20 and
21)
- Behaviour,
activity, flower
foraging,
progress of
pollination,
collection of
nectar.
- Vitality, foraging
activity,
behaviour
(control)
No effects observed on
any of the measures
No effects observed on
any of the measures.
No residues of
imidacloprid found in
sunflower nectar (LOQ
10ppb)
Neonicotinoid pesticides and bees Page 80 of 133
Report to Syngenta Ltd
Reference
In french Ambolet et al
(1997)
In french Ambolet et al
(1999)
Table 17: Overview of semi-field and field studies of the effects of sublethal and chronic exposure to clothianidin and thiamethoxam on Apis bees
Compound tested Study type Test dose Test Endpoints Results Notes Reference
Species
duration
Thiamethoxam Dosed in field 1.34ng in 20
µl/bee
Clothianidin
(powder form)
Dosed in field /
oral exposure
0.05, 0.5, 1,
2ng/bee
3 days after
dosing
Immediately
after
Return to hive Significant reduction in
numbers of treated
foragers returning
particularly from
Foraging
behaviour:
unfamiliar landscapes
At 1ng/bee 73.8%
returned to the hive
(5) Henry et al
2012
(6) Schneider et al
(2012)