main applications - KS Motor

ENGLISH
BASICS
2.2.2 Engine lubrication systems
In the fi eld of engine lubrication a
distinction is made between the
following lubrication systems:
• Forced-feed lubrication
• Dry sump lubrication
Forced-feed lubrication
With this kind of lubrication, used in
almost all four-stroke engines, the oil
is fed by a pump over lines or ducts
to a number of lubrication points.
Besides the various shaft bearing
positions, hydraulic valve adjusting
elements (hydraulic valve lifters),
rocker arms, timing chains, cam chain
tensioners and even the pistons,
among other things, are supplied
with suffi cient oil.
Diff erent types of fi lters, from course,
fi ne to micro, are used between the
oil pump and the lubrica tion points
to clean the oil. Air fl ow or water
fl ow oil coolers are often used to
cool the oil.
Oil pressure that is too high, often
occurring during the cold start phase,
but also in the case of high engine
speeds, is prevented by a pressure
limiting valve. It is installed on the
pressure side near the pump or
directly in the pump housing. It allows
the excessive pressure to escape into
the oil pan.
Dry sump lubrication
Dry sump lubrication represents a
special type of forced-feed lubrication.
In this system the oil returning
from the engine is pumped by a special
extraction pump from the oil pan
to a separate oil reservoir. From
28
Overfl ow valve Pressure gauge
Forced-feed lubrication
Full-fl ow oil fi lter
Relief pressure valve
Oil pump
here the engine oil is forwarded by a
pressure feed pump to the respective
lubrication points. The advantage of
this design is that it always guarantees
a suffi cient oil supply even when
the vehicle is at an extreme angle,
Point of
lubrication
Oil sump
or despite the occurrences of centrifugal
force. For this reason, this technology
is often used in off -road or
racing vehicles.