Abadulla E, Robra KH, Gubitz GM, Silva LM, Cavaco-Paulo A

BIBLIOGRAPHY
Bibliography
Abadulla, E., Robra, K.H., Gubitz, G.M., Silva, L.M., Paulo, A.C., 2000b. Enzymatic
decolorization of textile dyeing effulents. Textile Res. J. 70, 409 - 414.
Abadulla, E., Tzanov, T., Costa, S., Robra, K.H., Paulo, A.C., Gubitz, G.M., 2000a.
Decolorization and detoxification of textile dyes with a laccase from Trametes hirsuta.
Appl. Environ. Microb. 66, 3357 - 3362.
Abdel-Naby, M.A., 1993. Immobilization of Aspergillus niger NRC107, xylanase and β-xylosidase
and properties of the immobilized enzymes. Appl. Biochem. Biotech. 38, 69 - 81.
Abdou, H.M., 2003. Utilization of soybean waste production of amylase and cellulase
enzymes by edible mushrooms. N. Egypt. J. Microbiol. 4, 49 - 64.
Abdullah, J., Ahmad, M., Heng, L.Y., Karuppiah, N., Sidek, H., 2007. An optical biosensor
based on immobilization of laccase and MBTH in stacked films for the detection of
catechol. Sensors 7, 2238 - 2250.
Ahmed, S.A., Kadam, J.A., Mane, V.P., Patil, S.S., Baig, M.M.V., 2009. Biological
efficiency and nutritional contents of Pleurotus florida (Mont.) singer cultivated on
different agro-wastes. Nat. Sci. 7, 44 - 48.
Akinboro, A., Bakare, A.A., 2007. Cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of aqueous extract of five
medicinal plants on Allium cepa Linn. J. Ethnopharmacol. 112, 470 - 475.
Akintonwa, A., Awodele, O., Olofinnade, A.T., Anyakora, C., 2009. Assessment of the
mutagenicity of some pharmaceutical effluents. Am. J. Pharmacol. Toxicol. 4, 144 -
150.
Akyilmaz, E., Turemis, M., Yasa, I., 2011. Voltammetric determination of epinephrine by
white-rot fungi (Phanerochaete chrysosporium ME446) cells based microbial
biosensor. Biosens. Bioelectron. 26, 2590 - 2594.
Al-Adhami, A.J.H., Bryjak, J., Markiewickz, B.G., Czoch, W.P., 2002. Immobilization of
wood rotting fungi laccase on modified cellulose and acrylic carriers. Proccess
Biochem. 37, 1387 - 1394.
Alam, N., Lee, J.S., Lee, T.S., 2010. Mycelial growth condition and molecular phylogenetic
relationship of Pleurotus ostreatus. World Appl. Sci. J. 9, 928 - 937.
Alberts, J.F., Gelderblom, W.C., Botha, A., van Zyl, W.H., 2009. Degradation of aflatoxin B
(1) by fungal laccase enzymes. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 135, 47 - 52.
Alcalde, M., Bulter, T., Zumarraga, M., Arellano, H.G., Mencia, M., Plou, F.J., Ballesteros,
A., 2005. Screening mutant libraries of fungal laccases in the presence of organic
solvents. J. Biomol. Screen. 10, 624 - 631.

Bibliography
Alcalde, M., Ferrer, M., Plou, F.J., Ballesteros, A., 2006. Environmental biocatalysis: from
remediation with enzymes to novel green processes. Trends Biotechnol. 24, 281 - 287.
Alexandre, G., Zhulin, I.B., 2000. Laccases are widespread in bacteria. Trends Biotechnol.
18, 41- 42.
Altschul, S.F., Madden, T.L., Schaffer, A.A., Zhang, J., Zhang, Z., Miller, W., Lipman. D.J.,
1997. Gapped BLAST and PSI-BLAST: a new generation of protein database search
programs. Nucleic Acids Res. 25, 3389 - 3402.
Alvarez, O.M., Montero, P., Guillen, C.G., 2008. Evidence of an active laccase-like enzyme
in deepwater pink shrimp (Parapenaeus longirostris). Food Chem. 108, 624 - 632.
Aneja, K.R., 2005. Experiments in microbiology, plant pathology and biotechnology. New
age international (P) publisher, India. pp.119 - 120.
Antorini, M., Herpoel-Gimbert, I., Choinowski, T.J., Sigoillot, C.J., Asther, M., Winterhalter,
K., Piontek, K., 2002. Purification, crystallization and X-ray diffraction study of fully
functional laccases from two ligninolytic fungi. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1594,
109 - 114.
Aracri, E., Colom, J.F., Vidal, T., 2009. Application of laccase-natural mediator systems to
sisal pulp: an effective approach to biobleaching or functionalizing pulp fibres?
Bioresour. Technol. 100, 5911 - 5916.
Aracri, E., Fillat, A., Colom, J.F., Gutierrez, A., Del Rio, J.C., Martinez, A.T., Vidal, T.,
2010. Enzymatic grafting of simple phenols on flax and sisal pulp fibres using laccases.
Bioresour. Technol. 101, 8211 - 8216.
Arakane, Y., Muthukrishnan, S., Beeman, R.W., Kanost, M.R., Kramer, K.J., 2005. Laccase 2
is the phenoloxidase gene required for beetle cuticle tanning. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci.
USA. 32, 11337 - 11342.
Archibald, F.S., Bourbonnais, R., Jurasek, L., Paice, M.G., Reid, I.D., 1997. Kraft pulp
bleaching and delignification by Trametes versicolor. J. Biotechnol. 53, 215 - 236.
Arica, M.Y., Altintas, B., Bayramoglu, G., 2009. Immobilization of laccase onto spacer-arm
attached non-porous poly (GMA/EGDMA) beads: application for textile dye
degradation. Bioresour. Technol. 100, 665 - 669.
Arora, D.S., Chander, M., Gill, P.K., 2002. Involvement of lignin peroxidase, manganese
peroxidase and laccase in the degradation and selective ligninolysis of wheat straw.
Int. Bioterior. Biodegr. 50, 115 - 120.
Arora, D.S., Gill, P.K., 2005. Production of ligninolytic enzymes by Phlebia floridensis.
World J. Microb. Biot. 21, 1021-1028.

Bibliography
Arora, D.S., Rampal, P., 2002. Laccase production by some Phlebia species. J. Basic
Microbiol. 42, 295 - 301.
Arora, D.S., Sharma, R.K., 2010. Ligninolytic fungal laccases and their biotechnological
applications. Appl. Biochem. Biotech. 160, 1760 - 1788.
Arulmani, M., Murugesan, K., Arumugam, P., Dhandapani, P., Kalaichelvan, P.T., 2005.
Efficacy of Pleurotus sajor-caju on the decolorization of Methyl violet, Emerald green
and dying effluent. Indian J. Appl. Micorbiol. 1, 47 - 52.
Babi, J., Pavko, A., 2007. Production of ligninolytic enzymes by Ceriporiopsis
subvermispora for decolourization of synthetic dyes. Acta. Chim. Slov. 54, 730 - 734.
Bai, Z., Harvey, L.M., White, S., McNeil, B., 2004. Effects of oxidative stress on production
of heterologous and native protein, and culture morphology in batch and chemostat
cultures of Aspergillus niger (B1-D). Enzyme Microb. Tech. 34, 10 - 21.
Baiocco, P., Barreca, A.M., Fabbrini, M., Galli, C., Gentili, P., 2003. Promoting laccase
activity towards non-phenolic substrates: a mechanistic investigation with some
laccase-mediator systems. Org. Biomol. Chem. 1, 191 - 197.
Bajpai, P., 2004. “Biological bleaching of pulps”. Crit. Rev. Biotechnol. 24, 1 - 58.
Bajpai, P., Anand, A., Sharma, N., Mishra, S.P., Bajpai, P.K., Lachenal, D., 2006. Eznymes
improve ECF bleaching of pulp. Bio Resources 1, 34 - 44.
Baldrian, P., 2004. Purification and characterization of laccase from the white-rot fungus
Daedalea quercina and decolorization of synthetic dyes by the enzyme. J. Appl.
Microbiol. Biotech. 63, 560 - 563.
Baldrian, P., 2006. Fungal laccases – occurrence and properties. FEMS. Microbiol. Rev. 30,
215 - 242.
Bao, W., O’Malley, D.M., Whetten, R., Sederoff, R.R., 1993. A laccase associated with
lignification in Loblolly pine xylem. Science 260, 672 - 674.
Barbosa, A.M., Dekker, R.F.H., St. Hardy, G.E., 1996. Veratryl alcohol as an inducer of
laccase by an ascomycete, Botryosphaeria sp., when screened on the polymeric dye
Poly R-478. Lett. Appl. Microbiol. 23, 93 - 96.
Baron, C.P., Borresen, T., Jacobsen, C., 2007. Comparison of methods to reduce dioxin and
polychlorinated biphenyls contents in fishmeal: extraction and enzymatic treatments.
J. Agric. Food Chem. 55, 1620 - 1626.
Basto, C., Tzanov, T., Paulo, A.C., 2007. Combined ultrasound-laccase assisted bleaching of
cotton. Ultrason. Sonochem. 14, 350 - 354.

Bibliography
Bauer, C.G., Kuehn, A., Gajovic, N., Skorobogatko, O., Holt, P.J., Bruce, N.C., Makower, A.,
Lowe, C.R., Scheller, F.W., 1999. New enzyme sensors for morphine and codein based
on morphine dehydrogenase and laccase. Fresenius J. Anal. Chem. 364, 179 - 183.
Bayramoglu, G., Yilmaz, M., Arica, M.Y., 2010. Reversible immobilization of laccase to
poly(4-vinylpyridine) grafted and Cu(II) chelated magnetic beads: biodegradation of
reactive dyes. Bioresour. Technol. 101, 6615 - 6621.
Beg, Q.K., Bhushan, B., Kapoor, M., Hoondal, G.S., 2000. Enhanced production of a
thermostable xylanase from Streptomyces sp. QG-11-3 and its application in
biobleaching of eucalyptus kraft pulp. Enzyme Microb. Tech. 27, 459 - 466.
Beg, Q.K., Sahai, V., Gupta, R., 2003. “Statistical media optimization and alkaline protease
production from Bacillus mojavensis in a bioreactor”. Process Biochem. 39, 203 - 209.
Bento, I., Martins, L.O., Lopes, G., Carrondo, M.A., Lindley, P.F., 2005. Dioxygen reduction
by multi-copper oxidases; a structural perspective. Dalton Trans. 21, 3507 - 3513.
Bento, I., Silva, C.S., Chen, Z., Martins, L.O., Lindley, P.F., Soares, C.M., 2010. Mechanisms
underlying dioxygen reduction in laccases. Structural and modelling studies focusing
on proton transfer. BMC Struct. Biol. 10, 28.
Beristain, S.T., Sanchez, C., Loera, O., Robson, G.D., Godinez, G.D., 2008. Laccases of
Pleurotus ostreatus observed at different phases of its growth in submerged
fermentation: production of a novel laccase isoform. Mycol. Res. 112, 1080 - 1084.
Berka, R.M., Cherry, J.R., 2006. “Enzyme biotechnology,” in basic biotechnology,
Ratledge, C., Kristiansen, B., (Eds.) 3 rd edition, Cambridge University Press,
Cambridge, UK. pp. 477 - 498.
Bernini, R., Crisante, F., Gentili, P., Morana, F., Pierini, M., Piras, M., 2011. Chemoselective
C-4 aerobic oxidation of catechin derivatives catalyzed by the Trametes villosa
laccase/1-Hydroxybenzotriazole system: synthetic and mechanistic aspects. J. Org.
Chem. 76, 820 - 832.
Bertrand, G., 1896. Simultaneous occurence of laccase and tyrosinase in the juice of some
mushrooms, C. R. Hebd. Seances. Acad. Sci. 123, 463 - 465.
Bertrand, G., 1985. Sur la laccase et sur le pouvoir oxydant de cette diastase. CR Acadamy of
Sciencies (Paris) 120, 266 - 269.
Bertrand, T.C., Jolivalt, C., Briozzo, P., Caminade, E., Joly, N., Madzak, C., Mougin, C.,
2002. Crystal structure of four-copper laccase complexed with an arylamin: insights
into substrate recognition and correlation with kinetics. Biochemistry-US. 41,
7325 - 7333.

Bibliography
Betcheva, R.I., Hadziyska, H.A., Georgieva, N.V., Yotova, L.K., 2007. Biobleaching of flax
by degradation of lignin with laccase. Bio Resource 2, 58 - 65.
Bezalel, L., Hadar, Y., Cerniglia, C.E., 1997. Enzymatic mechanism involved in
pheanatrene degradation by white-rot fungus Pleurotus ostreatus. Appl. Environ.
Microb. 63, 2495 - 2501.
Bhattacharya, S.S., Garlapati, V.K., Banerjee, R., 2011. Optimization of laccase production
using response surface methodology coupled with differential evolution. N. Biotechnol.
28, 31 - 39.
Bhattacharya, S.S., Karmakar, S., Banerjee, R., 2009. Optimization of laccase mediated
biodegradation of 2,4-dichlorophenol using genetic algorithm. Water Res. 43,
3503 - 3510.
Binod, P., Singhania, R.R., Soccol, C.R., Pandey, A., 2008. “Industrial enzymes” in Advances
in Fermentation Technology. Pandey, A., Larroche, C., Soccol, C.R., Dussap, C.G.,
(Eds.), Asiatech Publishers, New Delhi, India, pp. 291 - 320.
Blanco, R. M., Terreros, P., Perez, M.F., Otero, C., Gonzalez, G.D., 2004. Functionalization
of mesoporous silica for lipase immobilization: Characterization of the support and the
catalysts. J. Mol. Catal. B: Enzym. 30, 83 - 93.
Blanco, R.M., Terreros, P., Munoz, N., Serra, E., 2007. Ethanol improves lipase
immobilization on a hydrophobic support. J. Mol. Catal. B: Enzym. 47, 13 - 20.
Bolli, A., Galluzzo, P., Ascenzi, P., Del Pozzo, G., Manco, I., Vietri, M.T., Mita, L., Altucci,
L., Mita, D.G., Marino, M., 2008. Laccase treatment impairs bisphenol A-induced
cancer cell proliferation affecting estrogen receptor alpha-dependent rapid signals.
IUBMB Life 60, 843 - 852.
Bourbonnais, R., Paice, M.G., 1990. Oxidation of non-phenolic substrates. An expanded role
for laccase in lignin biodegradation. FEBS Lett. 267, 99 - 102.
Bourbonnais, R., Paice, M.G., Freiermuth, B., Bodie, E., Borneman, S., 1997. Reactivities of
various mediators and laccases with kraft pulp and lignin model compounds. Appl.
Environ. Microbial. 63, 4627 - 4632.
Bourbonnais, R., Paice, M.G., Reid, I.D., Lanthier, P., Yaguchi, M., 1995. Lignin oxidation
by laccase isozymes from Trametes versicolor and role of the mediator 2,2’-azinobis
(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonate) in kraft lignin depolymerization. Appl. Environ.
Microb. 61, 1876 - 1880.
Bruyneel, F., D'Auria, L., Payen, O., Courtoy, P.J., Brynaert, J.M., 2010. Live-cell imaging
with water-soluble aminophenoxazinone dyes synthesised through laccase biocatalysis.
Chembiochem 11, 1451 - 1457.

Bibliography
Bruyneel, F., Payen, O., Rescigno, A., Tinant, B., Brynaert, J.M., 2009. Laccase-mediated
synthesis of novel substituted phenoxazine chromophores featuring tuneable water
solubility. Chemistry 15, 8283 - 8295.
Bryjak, J., Rekuc, A., 2010. Effective purification of Cerrena unicolor laccase using
microfiltration, ultrafiltration and acetone precipitation. Appl. Biochem. Biotech. 160,
2219 - 2235.
Bustamante, M., Gonzalez, M.E., Cartes, A., Diez, M.C., 2010. Effect of soya lecithin on the
enzymatic system of the white-rot fungi Anthracophyllum discolor. J. Ind. Microbiol.
Biotechnol. 38, 189 - 197.
Cabana, H., Ahamed, A., Leduc, R., 2011. Conjugation of laccase from the white-rot fungus
Trametes versicolor to chitosan and its utilization for the elimination of triclosan.
Bioresour. Technol. 102, 1656 - 1662.
Cabana, H., Jones, P., Agathos, S.N., 2007. Preparation and characterization of cross-linked
laccase aggregates and their application to the elimination of endocrine disrupting
chemicals. J. Biotechnol. 132, 23 - 31.
Cabrita, J.F., Abrantes, L.M., Viana, A.S., 2005. N-Hydroxysuccinimide-terminated self-
assembled monolayers on gold for biomolecules immobilisation. Electrochim. Acta.
50, 2117-2124.
Cai, X., Davis, E.J., Ballif, J., Liang, M., Bushman, E., Haroldsen, V., Torabinejad, J., Wu,
Y., 2006. Mutant identification and characterization of the laccase gene family in
Arabidopsis. J. Exp. Bot. 57, 2563 - 2569.
Camarero, S., Garcia, O., Vidal, T., Colom, J., del Rio, J.C., Gutierrez, A., Gras, J.M.,
Monjea, R., Martinez, M.J., Martinez A.T., 2004. Efficient bleaching of non-wood
high-quality paper pulp using laccase-mediator system. Enzyme Microb. Tech. 35,
113 - 120.
Camarero, S., Ibarra, D., Martinez, A.T., Romerob, J., Gutierrez, A., del Rio, J.C., 2007.
Paper pulp delignification using laccase and natural mediators. Enzyme Microb. Tech.
40, 1264 - 1271.
Cantarella, G., Galli, C., Gentili, P., 2003. Free radical versus electron– transfer routes of
oxidation of hydrocarbons by laccase/mediator systems. catalytic or stoichiometric
procedures. J. Mol. Catal. B: Enzym. 22, 135 - 144.
Cardenas, W., Dankert, J.R., 2000. Cresolase, catecholase and laccase activities in
haemocytes of the red swamp crayfish. Fish Shellfish Immunol. 10, 33 - 46.
Cavallazzi, J.R.P., Kasuya, C.M., Soares, M.A., 2005. Screening of inducers for laccase
production by Lentinula edodes in liquid medium. Braz. J. Microbiol. 36, 383 - 387.

Bibliography
Chakroun, H., Mechichi, T., Martinez, M.J., Dhouib, A., Sayadi, S., 2010. Purification and
characterization of a novel laccase from the ascomycete Trichoderma atroviride:
Application on bioremediation of phenolic compounds. Process Biochem. 45,
507 - 513.
Chao, Y.Q., Huang, Y., Fei, Y.H., Yang, Q., 2008. Tolerance and enzyme response of
ectomycorrhizal fungi Xerocomus chrysenteron to DDT stress. Huan Jing Ke Xue 29,
788 - 794.
Chen, S., Ma, D., Ge, W., Buswell, J.A., 2003. Induction of laccase activity in the edible
straw mushroom Volvariella volvacea. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 218, 143 - 148.
Chen, Y., Wan, J., Ma, Y., Lv, H., 2010b. Modification of properties of old newspaper pulp
with biological method. Bioresour. Technol. 101, 7052 - 7056.
Chen, Z., Durao, P., Silva, C.S., Pereira, M.M., Todorovic, S., Hildebrandt, P., Bento, I.,
Lindley, P.F., Martins, L.O., 2010a. The role of Glu498 in the dioxygen reactivity of
CotA-laccase from Bacillus subtilis. Dalton Trans. 39, 2875 - 2882.
Cheng, J., Yu, S. M., Zuo, P., 2006. Horseradish peroxidase immobilized on aluminum-
pillared interlayered clay for the catalytic oxidation of phenolic wastewater. Water Res.
40, 283 - 290.
Cheriyan, S., Abraham, E.T., 2010. Enzymatic bioremediation of cashew nut shell liquid
contamination. J. Hazard. Mater.176, 1097 - 1100.
Chernyk, A., Myasoedova, N., Kolomytseva, M., Ferraroni, M., Briganti, F., Scozzafava, A.,
Golovleva, L., 2008. Laccase isoforms with unusual properties from the basidiomycete
Steccherinum ochraceum strain 1833. J. Appl. Microbiol. 105, 2065 - 2075.
Chhaya, U., Gupte, A., 2010. Optimization of media components for laccase production by
litter dwelling fungal isolate Fusarium incarnatum LD-3. J. Basic Microbiol. 50, 1 - 9.
Cho, N.S., Wilkolazka, A.J., Luterek, J., Cho, H.Y., Ohga, S., Leonowicz A., 2006. Effect of
fungal laccase and low molecular weight mediators on decolorization of Direct Blue
dye. J. Fac. Agr., Kyushu. Univ. 51, 219 - 225.
Christenson, A., Dimcheva, N., Ferapontova, E.E., Gorton, L., Ruzgas, T., Stoica. L., Shleev,
S., Yaropolov, A.I., Haltrich, D., Thorneley, R.N.F., Aust, S.D., 2004. Direct electron
transfer between ligninolytic redox enzymes and electrodes. Electroanalysis 16,
1074 - 1092.
Ciullini, I., Tilli, S., Scozzafava, A., Briganti, F., 2008. Fungal laccase, cellobiose
dehydrogenase and chemical mediators: Combined actions for the decolorization of
different classes of textile dyes. Bioresour. Technol. 99, 7003 - 7010.

Bibliography
Claus, H., 2003. Laccases and their occurrence in prokaryotes. Arch. Microbiol. 179,
145 - 150.
Claus, H., 2004. Laccases: structure, reactions, distribution. Micron 35, 93 - 96.
Clemente, A.O., Mendez, S.C., Noyola, M.T.P., Cortes, J.B., Varaldo, H.M.P., 2009. Fungal
post-treatment of pulp mill effluents for the removal of recalcitrant pollutants.
Bioresour. Technol. 100, 1885 - 1894.
Cobb, B.D., Clarkson, J.M., 1994. A simple procedure for optimizing the polymerase chain
reaction (PCR) using modified Taguchi methods. Nucleic Acids Res. 22, 3801 - 3805.
Cohen, R., Persky, L., Hadar, Y., 2002. Biotechnological applications and potential of wood
degrading mushrooms of the genus Pleurotus. Appl. Microbiol. Biot. 58, 582 - 594.
Colao, M.C., Lupino, S., Garzillo, A.M., Buonocore, V., Ruzzi, M., 2006. Heterologous
expression of lccl gene from Trametes trogii in Pichia pastoris and characterization of
the recombinant enzymes. Microb. cell Fact. 5, 31.
Cole, J.L., Tan, G.O., Yang, E.K., Hodgson, K.O., Solomon, E.I., 1990. Reactivity of the
laccase trinuclear copper active site with dioxygen: an X-ray absorption edge study.
J. Am. Chem. Soc. 112, 2243 - 2249.
Collins, P.J., Dobson, A.D.W., 1995. Extracellular lignin and manganese peroxidase
production by the white-rot fungus Coriolus versicolor 290. Biotechnol. Lett. 17,
989 - 992.
Couto, S.R., 2007. Decolouration of industrial azo dyes by crude laccase from Trametes
hirsuta. J. Hazard. Mater. 148, 768 - 770.
Couto, S.R., Herrera, J.L.T., 2006. Industrial and biotechnological applications of laccases: A
Rev. Biotechnol. Adv. 24, 500 - 513.
Couto, S.R., Herrera, J.L.T., 2007. Laccase production at reactor scale by filamentous fungi.
Biotechnol. Adv. 25, 558 - 569.
Couto, S.R., Rivela, I., Munoz, M.R., Sanroman, A., 2000. Ligninolytic enzyme production
and the ability of decolourisation of Poly R-478 in packed-bed bioreactors by
Phanerochaete chrysosporium. Bioproce. Eng. 23, 287 - 293.
Couto, S.R., Rodriguez, A., Paterson, R.R., Lima, N., Teixeira, J.A., 2006. Laccase activity
from the fungus Trametes hirsuta using an air-lift bioreactor. Lett. Appl. Microbiol. 42,
612 - 616.
Coy, M.R., Salem, T.Z., Denton, J.S., Kovaleva, E.S., Liu, Z., Barber, D.S., Campbell, J.H.,
Davis, D.C., Buchman, G.W., Boucias, D.G., Scharf, M.E., 2010. Phenol-oxidizing
laccases from the termite gut. Insect Biochem. Mol. Biol. 40, 723 - 732.

Bibliography
Crecchio, C., Ruggiero, P., Pizzigallo, M.D.R., 1995. Polyphenoloxidases immobilized in
organic gels: Properties and applications in the detoxification of aromatic compounds.
Biotechnol. Bioeng. 48, 585 - 591.
Cui, Y.Q., Okkerse, W.J.R., van der Lans, R.G.J.M., Luyben, K.C.A.M., 1998. Modeling and
measurements of fungal growth and morphology in submerged fermentations.
Biotechnol. Bioeng. 60, 216 - 229.
Curtis, W.B., Gary, L.A., 1989. Seasonal and in-mill aspects of organic halide removal by an aerated
stabilization basin treating a kraft mill wastewater. Wat. Sci. Tech. 21, 231 - 239.
D’Souza-Ticlo, D., Garg, S., Raghukumar, C., 2009. Effects and interactions of medium
components on laccase from a marine-derived fungus using response surface
methodology. Mar. Drugs 7, 672 - 688.
Dai, Z., Ju, H., Chen, H., 2005. Mesoporous materials promoting direct electrochemistry and
electrocatalysis of horseradish peroxidase. Electroanalysis 17, 862 - 868.
Das, N., Chakraborty, T.K., Mukherjee, M., 2001. Purification and characterization of a
growth regulating laccase from Pleurotus florida. J. Basic Microbiol. 41, 261 - 267.
Das, N., Sengupta, S., Mukherjee, M., 1997. Importance of laccase in vegetative growth of
Pleurotus florida. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 63, 4120 - 4122.
Dashtban, M., Schraft, H., Syed, T.A., Qin, W., 2010. Fungal biodegradation and enzymatic
modification of lignin. Int. J. Biochem Mol. Biol. 1, 36 - 50.
Dasu, V.V., Panda, T., Chidambaram, M., 2003. “Determination of significant parameters for
improved griseofulvin production in a batch bioreactor by Taguchi’s method”. Process
Biochem. 38, 877 - 880.
De Groot, R.C., Woodward, B., 1999. Using copper-tolerant fungi to biodegrade wood treated
with copper-based preservatives. Int. Biodet. Biodegrad. 44, 17 - 27.
De Jong, E., De Vries, F.P., Field, J.A., van der Zwan, R.P., De Bont, J.A.M., 1992. Isolation and
screening of basidiomycetes with high peroxidative activity. Mycological Res. 12, 1098 - 1104.
De Souza, C.G.M., Peralta, R.M., 2003. Purification and characterization of the main laccase
produced by the white-rot fungus Pleurotus pulmonarius on wheat bran solid state
medium. J. Basic Microbiol. 43, 278 - 286.
Dekker, R.F., Barbosa, A.M., 2001. The effects of aeration and veratyl alcohol on the
production of two laccases by the ascomycete Botryosphaeria sp. Enzyme Microb.
Tech. 28, 81 - 88.
Dekker, R.F.H., Barbosa, A.M., Giese, E.C., Godoy, S.D.S., Covizzi, L.G., 2007. Influence
of nutrients on enhancing laccase production by Botryosphaeria rhodina MAMB-05.
Int. Microbiol. 10, 177 - 185.

Bibliography
Delbem, M.F., Baader, W.J., Serrano, S.H.P., 2002. Mechanism of 3,4-dihydro-
oxybenzaldehyde electro-polymerization at carbon paste electrodes – catalytic
detection of NADH. Quim. Nova 25, 741 - 747.
Demirel, G., Ozcetin, G., Sahin, F., Tumturk, H., Aksoy, S., Hasirci, N., 2006. Semi-
interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs) for entrapment of glucose isomerase. React.
Funct. Polym. 66, 389 - 394.
Deveci, T., Unyayar, A., Mazmanci, M.A., 2004. Production of Remazol Brilliant Blue R
decolourising oxygenase from the culture filtrate of Funalia trogii ATCC 200800.
J. Mol. Catal. B: Enzym. 30, 25 - 32.
Di Fusco, M., Tortolini, C., Deriu, D., Mazzei, F., 2010. Laccase-based biosensor for the
determination of polyphenol index in wine. Talanta 81, 235 - 240.
Diamantidis, G., Effosse, A., Potier, P., Bally, R., 2000. Purification and characterization of
the first bacterial laccase in the rhizospheric bacterium Azospirillum lipoferum. Soil
Biol. Biochem. 32, 919 - 927.
Diesen, M., 1998. World paper markets. In economics of the pulp and paper industry,
Papermaking science and Technology, Diesen, M. (Eds.), Tappi Press, Jyuvskyla,
Finland, pp. 66.
Dittmer, N.T., Suderman, R.J., Jiang, H., Zhu, Y.C., Gorman, M.J., Kramer, K.J., Kanost,
M.R., 2004. Characterization of cDNAs encoding putative laccase-like multicopper
oxidases and developmental expression in the tobacco hornworm, Manduca sexta and
the malaria mosquito, Anopheles gambiae. Insect Biochem. Mol. Biol. 34, 29 - 41.
Dix, N.J., Webster, J., 1995. Fungal Ecology. Chapman & Hall, London, UK.
Dodor, D.E., Hwang, H.M., Ekunwe, S.N., 2004. Oxidation of anthracene and
benzo[a]pyrene by immobilized laccase from Trametes versicolor. Enzyme Microb.
Tech. 35, 210 - 217.
Dominguez, A., Gomez, J., Lorenzo, M., Sanroman, A., 2007. Enhanced production of
laccase activity by Trametes versicolor immobilized into alginate beads by the addition
of different inducers. World J. Microb. Biot. 23, 367 - 373.
Dong, J.L., Zhang, Y.W., Zhang, R.H., Huang, W.Z., Zhang, Y.Z., 2005. Influence of culture
conditions on laccase production and isozyme patterns in the white-rot fungus
Trametes gallica. J. Basic Microbiol. 45, 190 - 198.
Dos Santos, A.B., Cervantes, F.J., Lier, J.B.V., 2007. Review paper on current technologies
for decolourisation of textile wastewater: perspectives for anaerobic biotechnology.
Biores. Technol. 98, 2369 - 2385.

Bibliography
Duarte, C.T., Roman, R., Tinoco, R., Duhalt, R.V., 2009. Halogenated pesticide
transformation by a laccase-mediator system. Chemosphere 77, 687 - 692.
Duran, N., Esposito, E., 2000. Potential applications of oxidative enzymes and
phenoloxidase-like compounds in wastewater and soil treatment: a review. Appl. Catal.
B: Environ. 28, 83 - 99.
Duran, N., Rosa, M.A., D’Annibale, A., Gianfreda, L., 2002. Applications of laccases and
tyrosinases (phenoloxidases) immobilized on different supports: a review. Enzyme
Microb. Tech. 31, 907 - 931.
Durao, P., Chen, Z., Silva, C.S., Soares, C.M., Pereira, M.M., Todorovic, S., Hildebrandt, P.,
Bento, I., Lindley, P.F., Martins, L.O., 2008. Proximal mutations at the type 1 copper
site of CotA laccase: spectroscopic, redox, kinetic and structural characterization of
I494A and L386A mutants. Biochem J. 412, 339 - 346.
Eaton, A.D., Clesceri, L.S., Greenberg, A.E. 1995. APHA, AWWA, WEF, Standard method
for examination of water and wastewater. 19 th (Eds.), Washington, D.C. USA.
El Enshasy, H., Abuoul-Enein, A., Helmy, S., Azaly, Y.El., 2008. “Optimization of the
industrial production of alkaline protease by Bacillus licheniformis in different
production scales,” Australian J. Appl. Sci. 2, 583 - 593.
El-Fakharany, E.M., Haroun, B.M., Ng, T.B., Redwan, E.R., 2010. Oyster mushroom laccase
inhibits hepatitis C virus entry into peripheral blood cells and hepatoma cells. Protein
Pept. Lett. 17, 1031 - 1039.
Elisashvili, V., Parlar, H., Kachlishvili, E., Chichua, D., Bakradze, M., Kohreidze, N., 2001.
Ligninolytic activity of basidiomycetes grown under submerged and solid state
fermentation on plant raw materials (sawdust of grapewine cuttings). Adv. Food. Sci.
23, 117 - 123.
Elisashvili, V., Penninckx, M., Kachlishvili, Asatiani, E.M., Kvesitadze, G., 2006. Use of
Pleurotus dryinus for lignocellulolytic enzymes production in submerged fermentation
of mandarin peels and tree leaves. Enzyme Microb. Tech. 38, 998-1004.
Elisashvili, V., Penninckx, M., Kachlishvili, E., Tsiklauri, N., Metreveli, E., Kharziani, T.,
Kvesitadze, G., 2008. Lentinus edodes and Pleurotus species lignocellulolytic enzymes
activity in submerged and solid-state fermentation of lignocellulosic wastes of different
composition. Bioresour. Technol. 99, 457 - 462.
Elkaoutit, M., Rodriguez, I.N., Temsamani, K.R., de la vega, M.D., de Cisneros, J.L.H.H.,
2007. Dual laccase-tyrosinase based sonogel-carbon biosensor for monitoring
polyphenols in beers. J.Agri. Food Chem. 55, 8011 - 8018.

Bibliography
Erb-Downward, J.R., Noggle, R.M., Williamson, P.R., Huffnagle, G.B., 2008. The role of laccase in
prostaglandin production by Cryptococcus neoformans. Mol. Microbiol. 68, 1428 - 1437.
Eriksson, K.E.L., Blanchette, R.A., Ander, P., 1990. Microbial and enzymatic degradation of
wood and wood components. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Germany. pp. 397 - 407.
Erkurt, E.A., Unyayara, A., Kumbur, H., 2007. Decolorization of synthetic dyes by white-rot
fungi, involving laccase enzyme in the process. Process Biochem. 42, 1429 - 1435.
Eugenio, M.E., Carbajo, J.M., Martin, J.A., Gonzalez, A.E., Villar, J.C., 2009. Laccase
production by Pycnoporus sanguineus under different culture conditions. J. Basic
Microbiol. 49, 433 - 440.
Fan, L., Soccol, R.C., Pandey, A., 2008. Current developments in SSF mushroom production.
Ch., 12, Springer, N.Y. pp. 253 - 274.
Fang, W., Fernandes, E.K., Roberts, D.W., Bidochka, M.J., St Leger, R.J., 2010. A laccase
exclusively expressed by Metarhizium anisopliae during isotropic growth is involved in
pigmentation, tolerance to abiotic stresses and virulence. Fungal Genet. Biol. 47, 602 - 607.
Farnet, A.M., Chevremont, A.C., Gil, G., Gastaldi, S., Ferre, E., 2011. Alkylphenol oxidation
with a laccase from a white-rot fungus: effects of culture induction and of ABTS used
as a mediator. Chemosphere 82, 284 - 289.
Farnet, A.M., Criquet, S., Pocachard, E., Gil, G., Ferre, E., 2002. Purification of a new
isoform of laccase from a Marasmius quercophilus strain isolated from a cork oak litter
(Quercus suber L.). Mycologia 94, 735 - 740.
Farnet, A.M., Criquet, S., Tagger, S., Gil, G., Le Petit, J., 2000. Purification, partial
characterization, and reactivity with aromatic compounds of two laccases from
Marasmius quercophillus strain 17. Can. J. Microbiol. 46, 189 - 194.
Farnet, A.M., Tagger, S., Le Petit, J., 1999. Effects of copper and aromatic inducers on the
laccases of the white-rot fungus Marasmius quercophilus. Life Sci. 322. 499 - 503.
Fazli, M., Mesdaghinia, A.R., Naddafi, K., Nasseri, S., Yunesian, M., Assadi, M., Rezaie, S.,
Hamzehei, H., 2010. Optimization of Reactive Blue 19 decolorization by Ganoderma
sp. using response surface methodology. Iran J. Environ. Health Sci. Eng. 7, 35 - 42.
Ferraroni, M., Duchi, I., Myasoedova, N.M., Leontievsky, A.A., Golovleva, L.A.,
Scozzafava, A., Briganti, F., 2005. Crystallization and preliminary structure analysis of
the blue laccase from the ligninolytic fungus Panus tigrinus. Acta. Crystallogr. Sect. F.
Struct. Biol. Cryst. Commun. 61, 205 - 207.

Bibliography
Ferraroni, M., Myasoedova, N.M., Schmatchenko, V., Leontievsky, A.A., Golovleva, L.A.,
Scozzafava1, A., Briganti, F., 2007. Crystal structure of a blue laccase from Lentinus
tigrinus: evidences for intermediates in the molecular oxygen reductive splitting by
multicopper oxidases. BMC Str. Biol. 7, 1 - 13.
Ferry, Y., Leech, D., 2005. Amperometric detection of catecholamine neurotransmitters using
electrolytic substrate recycling at a laccase electrode. Electroanalysis 17, 2113 - 2119.
Fields, A., 2001. Review: Protein function at thermal extremes: balancing stability and
flexibility. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. Part. A. 129, 417 - 431.
Fiskesjo, G., 1985. The Allium test as a standard in environmental monitoring. Hereditas 102,
99 - 112.
Forootanfar, H., Faramarzi, M.A., Shahverdi, A.R., Yazdi, M.T., 2011. Purification and
biochemical characterization of extracellular laccase from the ascomycete
Paraconiothyrium variabile. Bioresour. Technol. 102, 1808 - 1814.
Fournier, R.L., Varanasi, S., Byers, J.B., Chen, G.D., 1996. Demonstration of pH control in a
commercial immobilized glucose isomerase. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 52, 718 - 722.
Franzoi, A.C., Dupont, J., Spinelli, A., Vieira, I.C., 2009. Biosensor based on laccase and an
ionic liquid for determination of rosmarinic acid in plant extracts. Talanta 77,
1322 - 1327.
Frasconi, M., Favero, G., Boer, H., Koivula, A., Mazzei, F., 2010. Kinetic and biochemical
properties of high and low redox potential laccases from fungal and plant origin.
Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1804, 899 - 908.
Gabriel, O., 1971. Analytical disc gel electrophoresis. In W.B. Jokoby (Ed.), Methods in
Enzymology. Academic Press, New York, pp. 565 - 577.
Gaitan, I.J., Medina, S.C., Gonzalez, J.C., Rodriguez, A., Espejo, A.J., Osma, J.F., Sarria, V.,
Diaz, C.J.A., Sanchez, O.F., 2011. Evaluation of toxicity and degradation of a
chlorophenol mixture by the laccase produced by Trametes pubescens. Bioresour.
Technol. 102, 3632 - 3635.
Galhaup, C., Goller, S., Peterbauer, C.K., Strauss, J., Haltrich, D., 2002a. Charactrization of
the major laccase isoenzymes from Trametes pubescens and regulation of its synthesis
by metal ions. Microbiology 148, 2159 - 2169.
Galhaup, C., Haltrich, D., 2001. Enhanced formation of laccase activity by the white-rot
fungus Trametes pubescens in the presence of copper. Appl. Microbiol. Biot. 56,
225 - 232.

Bibliography
Galhaup, C., Wagner, H., Hinterstoisser, B., Haltrich, D., 2002b. Increased production of
laccase by the wood-degrading basidiomycete Trametes pubescens. Enzyme Microb.
Tech. 30, 529 - 536.
Garavaglia, S., Cambria, M.T., Miglio, M., Ragusa, S., Lacobazzi, V., Palmieri, F.,
D’Ambrosio, C., Scaloni, A., Rizzi, M., 2004. The structure of Rigidoporus lignosus
laccase containing a full complement of copper ions reveals an asymmetrical
arrangement for the T3 copper pair. J. Mol. Biol. 342, 1519 - 1531.
Garcia, O., Camarero, S., Colom, J., Martinez, A.T., Martinez, M.J., Monje, R., Vidal, T.,
2003. Optimization of a laccase-mediator stage for TCF bleaching of flax pulp,
Holzforschung 57, 513 - 519.
Garg, V.K., Kumar, R., Gupta, R., 2004. Removal of Malachite Green dye from aqueous
solution by adsorption using agro-industry waste: a case study of Prosopis cineraria.
Dyes Pigm. 62, 1 - 10.
Garzillo, A.M., Colao, M.C., Buonocore, V., Oliva, R., Falcigno, L., Saviano, M., Santoro,
A.M., Zappala, R., Bonomo, R.P., Bianco, C., Giardina, P., Palmieri, G., Sannia, G.,
2001. Structural and kinetic characterization of native laccases from Pleurotus
ostreatus, Rigidoporus lignosus, Trametes trogii. J. Protein. Chem. 20, 191 - 201.
Ge, H., Gao, Y., Hong, Y., Zhang, M., Xiao, Y., Teng, M., Niu, L., 2010. Structure of native
laccase B from Trametes sp. AH28-2. Acta. Crystallogr. Sect. F Struct. Biol. Cryst.
Commun. 66, 254 - 258.
Ge, Y.B., Zhou, H., Kong, W., Tong, Y., Wang, S.Y., Li, W., 1998. Immobilization of
glucose isomerase and its application in continuous production of high fructose syrup.
Appl. Biochem. Biotech. 69, 203 - 215.
Geetha, A., Palanisamy, P.N., Sivakumar, P., Ganesh Kumar, P., Shujatha, M.E., 2008.
Assessment of underground water contamination and effect of textile effluents on
noyyal river basin in and around Tiruppur town, Tamilnadu. J. Chem. 5, 696 - 705.
Gianfreda, L., Xu, F., Bollag, J.M., 1999. Laccase: a useful group of oxidoreductive enzymes.
Bioremediation J. 3, 1 - 25.
Giatti, C., de Souza, M., Peralta, R.M.R., 2003. Purification and characterization of the main
laccase produced by the white-rot fungus Pleurotus pulmonarius on wheat bran solid
state medium. J. Basic Microbiol. 43, 278 - 286.
Givaudan, A., Effose, A., Faure, D., Potier, P., Bouillant, M.L., Bally, R., 1993. Polyphenol
oxidase in Azospirillum lipoferum isolated from rice rhizosphere: evidence for laccase
activity in non-motile strains of Azospirillum lipoferum. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 108,
205 - 210.

Bibliography
Gomare, S.S., Kalme, S.D., Govindwarl, S.P., 2009. Biodegradation of Navy Blue-3G by
Brevibacillus laterosporus MTCC 2298. Acta. Chim. Slov. 56, 789 - 796.
Gorbatova, O.N., Koroleva, O.V., Landesman, E.O., Stepanova, E.V., Zherdev, A.V., 2006.
Increase of the detoxification potential of basidiomycetes by induction of laccase
biosynthesis. Prikl. Biokhim. Mikrobiol. 42, 468 - 474.
Gorman, M.J., Dittmer, N.T., Marshall, J.L., Kanost, M.R., 2008. Characterization of the
multicopper oxidase gene family in Anopheles gambiae. Insect Biochem. Mol. Biol. 38,
817 - 824.
Goudopoulou, A., Krimitzas, A., Typas, M.A., 2010. Differential gene expression of
ligninolytic enzymes in Pleurotus ostreatus grown on olive oil mill wastewater. Appl.
Microbiol. Biot. 88, 541 - 551.
Guarro, J., Gene, J., Stchigel, A.M., 1999. Developments in fungal taxonomy. Clin.
Microbiol. Rev. 12, 454 - 500.
Guisan, J.M., Melo, F.V., Ballesteros, A., 1981. Determination of intrinsic properties of
immobilized enzymes. Appl. Biochem. Biotech. 6, 25 - 36.
Guo, M., Lu, F., Du, L., Pu, J., Bai, D., 2006. Optimization of the expression of a laccase
gene from Trametes versicolor in Pichia methanolica. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 71,
848 - 852.
Gutierrez, A., Rencoret, J., Ibarra, D., Molina, S., Camarero, S., Romero, J., Del Rio, J.C.,
Martinez, A.T., 2007. Removal of lipophilic extractives from paper pulp by laccase and
lignin-derived phenols as natural mediators. Environ. Sci. Technol. 41, 4124 - 4129.
Hadibarata, T., Tachibana, S., 2009. Decolorization of Remazol Briliant Blue R by laccase
from white-rot fungus Polyporus sp. S133. Indonesian J. Biotechnol. 14, 1162 - 1168.
Hadibarata, T., Tachibana, S., Itoh, K., 2009. Biodegradation of chrysene, an aromatic
hydrocarbon by Polyporus sp. S133 in liquid medium. J. Hazard. Mater. 164,
911 - 917.
Haibo, Z., Yinglong, Z., Feng, H., Peiji, G., Jiachuan, C., 2009. Purification and
characterization of a thermostable laccase with unique oxidative characteristics from
Trametes hirsuta. Biotechnol. Lett. 31, 837 - 843.
Hajdok, S., Leutbecher, H., Greiner, G., Conrad, J., Beifuss, U., 2007. Laccase initiated
oxidative domino reactions for the efficient synthesis of 3,4-dihydro-7,8-dihydroxy-
2H-dibenzofuran-1-ones. Tetrahedr. Lett. 48, 5073 - 5076.
Hamelin, R.C., Berube, P., Gignac, M., Bourassa, M., 1996. Identification of root rot fungi in
nursery seedlings by nested multiplex PCR. Appl. Microbiol. Biot. 62, 4026 - 4031.

Bibliography
Han, J.J., Yang, T.H., Rhee, J.S., 1998. Optimization of reaction variables for sucrose
monoester production using lipase in a solvent free system by Taguchi’s method.
Biotechnol. Technol. 12, 295 - 299.
Han, M.J., Choi, H.T., Song, H.G., 2005. Purification and characterization of laccase form the
white-rot fungus Trametes versicolor. J. Microbiol. 43, 555 - 560.
Hao, J., Song, F., Huang, F., Yang, C., Zhang, Z., Zheng, Y., Tian, X., 2007. Production of
laccase by a newly isolated deuteromycete fungus Pestalotiopsis sp. and its
decolorization of azo dye. J. Ind. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 34, 233 - 240.
Haq, P.B., Daud, D.A., 1995. Process of mycelial dry weight calculation for citric acid.
J. Biotechnol. 9, 31 - 35.
Harigaya, S., Honda, T., Rong, L., Miyakoshi, T., Chen, C.L., 2007. Enzymatic
dehydrogenative polymerization of urushiols in fresh exudates from the lacquer tree,
Rhus vernicifera DC. J. Agric. Food Chem. 55, 2201 - 2208.
Harris, P.J., Stone, B.A., 2008. Chemistry and molecular organization of plant cell walls. In:
Himmel M., (Ed.), Biomass recalcitrance: deconstructing the plant cell wall for
bioenergy. Blackwell Pub., Oxford, UK. pp. 61 - 93.
Hatakka, A., 2001. Biodegradation of lignin. In: Hofrichter, M., Steinbuchel, A. (Eds.),
Biopolymers, vol, 1. Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, Germany. pp. 129 - 180.
Hatakka, A., Lundell, T., Hofrichter, M., Maijala, P., 2003. Manganese peroxidase and its
role in the degradation of wood lignin. In: Mansfield, S.D., Saddler, J.N., (Eds.), ACS
Symposium series 855, Applications of enzymes to lignocellulosics. American
Chemical Society, Washington DC, USA. pp. 230 - 243.
Hattori, M., Tsuchihara, K., Noda, H., Konishi, H., Tamura, Y., Shinoda, T., Nakamura, M.,
Hasegawa, T., 2010. Molecular characterization and expression of laccase genes in the
salivary glands of the green rice leafhopper, Nephotettix cincticeps (Hemiptera:
Cicadellidae). Insect Biochem. Mol. Biol. 40, 331 - 338.
Headon, D.R., Walsh, G., 1994. “The industrial production of enzymes.” Biotechnol. Adv.
12, 635 - 646.
Held, C., Kandelbauer, A., Schroeder, M., Paulo, A.C., Guebitz, G.M., 2005.
Biotransformation of phenolics with laccase containing bacterial spores. Environ.
Chem. Lett. 3, 74 - 77.
Herpoel, I., Jeller, H., Fang, G., Petit-conil, M., Bourbonnais, R., Robert, J.L., Ashther, M.,
Sigoillot, J.C., 2002. Efficient enzymatic delignification of wheat straw pulp by a
sequential xylanase laccase mediator treatment. J. Pulp. Pap. Sci. 28, 67 - 71.

Bibliography
Hess, J., Leitner, C., Galhaup, C., Kulbe, K., Hinterstoisser, B., Steinwender, M., Haltrich, D.,
2002. Enhanced formation of extracellular laccase activity by the white-rot fungus
Trametes multicolor. Appl. Biochem. Biotech. 98-100, 229 - 224.
Hestbjerg, H., Willumsen, P., Christensen, M., Andersen, O., Jacobsen, C., 2003.
Bioaugmentation of tar-contaminated soils under field conditions using Pleurotus
ostreatus refuse from commercial mushroom production. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 22,
692 - 698.
Hilden, K., Hakala, T.K., Maijala, P., Lundell, T.K., Hatakka, A., 2007. Novel thermotolerant
laccases produced by the white-rot fungus Physisporinus rivulosus. Appl. Microbiol.
Biot. 77, 301 - 309.
Hiller, B., Lorenzen, P.C., 2008. Surface hydrophobicity of physicochemically and
enzymatically treated milk proteins in relation to techno-functional properties. J. Agric.
Food Chem. 56, 461 - 468.
Hoegger, P.J., Kilaru, S., James, T.Y., Thacker, J.R., Kues, U., 2006. Phylogenetic
comparison and classification of laccase and related multicopper oxidase protein
sequences. FEBS J. 273, 2308 - 2326.
Hofrichter, M., 2002. Review: Lignin conversion by manganese peroxidase (MnP). Enzyme
Microb. Tech. 30, 454 - 466.
Hoopes, J.T., Dean, J.F.D., 2004. Ferroxidase activity in a laccase-like multicopper oxidase
from Liriodendron tulipifera. Plant Physiol. Biochem. 42, 27 - 33.
Hossain, Kh. M., Gonzalez, M. D., Lozano, G. R., Tzanov, T., 2009. Multifunctional
modification of wool using an enzymatic process in aqueous-organic media.
J. Biotechnol. 141, 58 - 63.
Hotchkiss, Joseph, H., Talbert, Joey, N., 2010. USP 20100196985.
Hou, H., Zhou, J., Wang, J., Du, C., Yan, B., 2004. Enhancement of laccase production by
Pleurotus ostreatus and its use for the decolorization of anthroquinone dye. Process
Biochem. 39, 1415 - 1419.
Houng, J.Y., Liao, J.H., Wu, J.Y., Shen, S.C., Hsu, H.F., 2006. “Enhancement of asymmetric
bioreduction of ethyl 4-chloro acetoacetate by the design of composition of culture
medium and reaction conditions”. Process Biochem. 42, 1 - 7.
Htun, N., 1983. Non-wood fibers for pulp and paper. Ind. Environ. 6, 1 - 26.
Hu, D.D., Zhang, R.Y., Zhang, G.Q., Wang, H.X., Ng, T.B., 2010. A laccase with
antiproliferative activity against tumor cells from an edible mushroom, white common
Agrocybe cylindracea. Phytomedicine 18, 374 - 379.

Bibliography
Hu, J., Duvnjak, Z., 2004. The production of a laccase and the decrease of the phenolic
content in canola meal during the growth of the fungus Pleurotus ostreatus in solid
state fermentation process. Eng. Life Sci. 4, 50 - 55.
Hu, M.R., Chao, Y.P., Zhang, G.Q., Xue, Z.Q., Qian, S., 2009. Laccase-mediator system in
the decolorization of different types of recalcitrant dyes. J. Ind. Microbiol. Biotechnol.
36, 45 - 51.
Hu, X., Zhang, Y., Zhao, X., Hwang, H., 2007. Biodegradation of Benzo[a]pyreneWith
immobilized laccase: genotoxicity of the products in HaCaT and A3 Cells. Environ.
Mol. Mutagen. 48, 106 - 113.
Huang, S.J., Liu, Z.M., Huang, X.L., Guo, L.Q., Lin, J.F., 2011. Molecular cloning and
characterization of a novel laccase gene from a white-rot fungus Polyporus
grammocephalus TR16 and expression in Pichia pastoris. Lett. Appl. Microbiol. 52,
290 - 297.
Hubert, C., Spiros, A., Celine, A., Jonathan, J., 2009. Immobilization of laccase from the
white-rot fungus Coriolopsis polyzona and use of the immobilized biocatalyst for the
continuous elimination of endocrine disrupting chemicals. Bioresour. Technol. 100,
3447 - 3458.
Hublik, G., Schinner, F., 2000. Characterization and immobilization of the laccase from
Pleurotus ostreatus and its use for the continuous elimination of phenolic pollutants.
Enzyme Microb. Tech. 27, 330 - 336.
Ibarra, D., Romero, J., Martinez, M.J., Martinez, A.T., Camarero, S., 2006. Exploring the
enzymatic parameters for optimal delignification of eucalyptus pulp by laccase
mediator. Enzyme Microb. Tech. 39, 1319 - 1327.
Iqbal, M.J., Ahsan, R., Afzal, A.J., Jamai, A., Meksem, K., El-Shemy, H.A., 2008. Lightfoot
DA. Multigeneic QTL: The laccase encoded within the Soybean Rfs2/rhg1 locus
inferred to underlie part of the dual resistance to cyst nematode and sudden death
syndrome. Curr. Issues Mol. Biol. 11, 11 - 19.
Jang, M.Y., Ryu, W.R., Cho, M.H., 2002. Laccase production from repeated batch culture
using free mycelia of Trametes sp. Enzym Microb. Tech. 30, 741 - 746.
Janusz, G., Rogalski, J., Szezodrak, J., 2007. Increased production of laccase by Cerrena
unicolar in submerged liquid cultures. World J. Micorb. Biot. 23, 1459 - 1464.
Jeney, C., Dobay, O., Lengyel, A., Adam, E., Nasz, I., 1999. Taguchi optimization of ELISA
procedures. J. Immun. Method. 223, 137 - 146.

Bibliography
Jhadav, A., Vamsi, K.K., Khairnar, Y., Borastem, A., Gupta, N., Trivedi, S., Patil, P., Gupta,
G., Gupta, M., Mujapara, A.K., Joshi, B., Mishra, D., 2009. Optimization of production
and partial purification of laccase by Phanerochaete chrysosporium using submerged
fermentation. Int. J. Microbiol. Res. 1, 9 - 12.
Johannes, C., Majcherczjk, A., 2000. Natural mediators in the oxidation of polycyclic
aromatic hydrocarbons by laccase mediator systems. Appl. Environ. Microb. 66,
524 - 528.
Jonsson, L.J., Saloheimo, M., Penttila, M., 1997. Laccase from the white-rot fungus Trametes
versicolor: cDNA cloning of lcc1 and expression in Pichia pastoris. Curr. Genet. 32,
425 - 430.
Joo, S.S., Ryu, I.W., Park, J.K., Yoo, Y.M., Lee, D.H., Hwang, K.W., Choi, H.T., Lim, C.J.,
Lee do.I., Kim, K., 2008. Molecular cloning and expression of a laccase from
Ganoderma lucidum and its antioxidative properties. Mol. Cells. 25, 112 - 118.
Junghanns, C., Parra, R., Keshavarz, T., Schlosser, D., 2008. Towards higher laccase
activities produced by aquatic ascomycetous fungi through combination of elicitors and
an alternative substrate. Eng. Life Sci. 8, 277 - 285.
Jurado, M., Prieto, A., Alcala, A.M., Martinez, A.T., Martinez, M.J., 2009. Laccase
detoxification of steam-exploded wheat straw for second generation bioethanol.
Bioresour. Technol. 100, 6378 - 6384.
Justino, C., Marques, A.G., Duarte, K.R., Duarte, A.C., Pereira, R., Santos, T.R., Freitas A.C.,
2010. Degradation of phenols in olive oil mill wastewater by biological, enzymatic and
photo-Fenton oxidation. Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. Int. 17, 650 - 656.
Kackar, R., 1985. Off-line quality control, parameter design and Taguchi method. J. Qual.
Technol. 17, 176 - 188.
Kagalkar, A.N., Jagtap, U.B., Jadhav, J.P., Govindwar, S.P., Bapat, V.A., 2010. Studies on
phytoremediation potentiality of Typhonium flagelliforme for the degradation of
Brilliant Blue R. Planta. 232, 271 - 285.
Kahraman, S.S., Gurdal, I.H., 2002. Effect of synthetic and natural culture media on laccase
production by white-rot fungi. Bioresour. Technol. 82, 215 - 217.
Kallio, J.P., Auer, S., Janis, J., Andberg, M., Kruus, K., Rouvinen, J., Koivula, A., Hakulinen,
N., 2009. Structure-function studies of a Melanocarpus albomyces laccase suggest a
pathway for oxidation of phenolic compounds. J. Mol. Biol. 392, 895 - 909.
Kalmis, E., Yasa, I., Kalyoncu, F., Pazarbası, B., Kocyigit, A., 2008. Ligninolytic enzyme
activities in mycelium of some wild and commercial mushrooms. Afri. J. Biotechnol. 7,
4314 - 4320.

Bibliography
Kandioller, G., Christopher, L., 2004. Delignification efficiency of Trametes Versicolor
laccase in combination with various mediators. In: 9 th Int. Conf. Biotech. Pulp and
Paper Industry. 10-14, Durban, South Africa, Paper 05.4.
Kaneko, S., Cheng, M., Murai, H., Takenaka, S., Murakami, S., Aoki, K., 2009. Purification
and characterization of an extracellular laccase from Phlebia radiata strain BP-11-2
that decolorizes fungal melanin. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. 73, 939 - 942.
Kapich, A.N., Prior, B.A., Botha, A., Galkin, S., Lundell, T., Hatakka, A., 2004. Effect of
lignocellulose-containing substrate on production of ligninolytic peroxidases in
submerged cultures of Phanerochaete chrysosporium ME-446. Enzyme Microb. Tech.
34, 187 - 195.
Karamyshev, A.V., Shleev, S.C., Koroleva, O.V., Yaropolov, A.I., Sakharov, I.Y., 2003.
Laccase-catalyzed synthesis of conducting polyaniline. Enzyme Microb. Tech. 33,
556 - 564.
Katuri, K.P., Venkata Mohan, S., Sridhar, S., Pati, B.R., Sarma, P.N., 2009. Laccase-
membrane reactors for decolorization of an acid azo dye in aqueous phase: process
optimization. Water Res. 43, 3647 - 3658.
Kellner, H., Vandenbol, M., 2010. Fungi unearthed: transcripts encoding lignocellulolytic and
chitinolytic enzymes in forest soil. PLoS One 5, e10971.
Kerovuo, J.S., Haremza, S., Koch, O., Habicher, T., Robertson, D., Desantis, G., McCan, R.,
Luginbuhl, P., 2008. Laccases for pulp biobleaching. International patent (WO/2008/
027501).
Khammuang, S., Sarnthima, R., 2009. Laccase activity from fresh fruiting bodies of
Ganoderma sp. MK05: Purification and Remazol Brilliant Blue R decolorization.
J. Biol. Sci. 9, 83 - 87.
Khani, Z., Jolivalt, C., Cretin, M., Tingry, S., Innocent, C., 2006. Alginate/carbon composite
beads for laccase and glucose oxidase encapsulation: application in biofuel cell
technology. Biotechnol. Lett. 28, 1779 - 1786.
Khlifi, R., Belbahri, L., Woodward, S., Ellouz, M., Dhouib, A., Sayadi, S., Mechichi, T.,
2010. Decolourization and detoxification of textile industry wastewater by the laccase-
mediator system. J. Hazard. Mater. 175, 802 - 808.
Khlifi, R., Sayadi, S., Belbahri, L., Woodward, S., Mechichi, T., 2009. Effect of HBT on the
stability of laccase during the decolourization of textile wastewaters. J. Chem. Tech.
Biot. 84, 1828 - 1833.
Kiiskinen, L.L., Ratto, M., Kruus, K., 2004. Screening for novel laccase-producing microbes.
In: J. Appl. Microbiol. 97, 640 - 646.

Bibliography
Kiiskinen, L.L., Saloheimo, M., 2004. Molecular cloning and expression in Saccharomyces
cerevisiae of a laccase gene from the ascomycete Melanocarpus albomyces.
Appl. Environ. Microb. 70, 137 - 144.
Kilaru, S., Hoegger, P.J., Kues, U., 2006. The laccase multi-gene family in Coprinopsis
cinerea has seventeen different members that divide into two distinct subfamilies.
Curr. Genet. 50, 45 - 60.
Kim, J.M., Park, S.M., Kim, D.H., 2010. Heterologous expression of a tannic acid inducible
laccase 3 of Cryphonectria parasitica in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. BMC Biotechnol.
10, 18.
Kim, Y., Cho, N.S., Eom, T.J., shin, W., 2002. Purification and characterization of a laccase
from Cerrena unicolor and its reactivity in lignin degradation. Bull Korean Chem. Soc.
23, 985 - 989.
Klis, M., Rogalski, J., Bilewicz, R., 2007. Voltammetric determination of catalytic reaction
parameters of laccase based on electrooxidation of hydroquinone and ABTS.
Bioelectrochemistry 71, 2 - 7.
Ko, C.H., Fan, C., 2010. Enhanced chemical oxygen demand removal and flux reduction in
pulp and paper wastewater treatment using laccase-polymerized membrane filtration.
J. Hazard. Mater. 181, 763 - 770.
Koljalg, U., Larsson, K.H., Abarenkov, K., Nilsson, R.H., Alexander, I.J., Eberhardt, U.,
Erland, S., Hoiland, K., Kjoller, R., Larsson, E., Pennanen, T., Sen, R., Taylor, A.F.,
Tedersoo, L., Vralstad, T., Ursing, B.M., 2005. UNITE: a database providing web-
based methods for the molecular identification of ectomycorrhizal fungi.
New Phytologist 166, 1063 - 1068.
Komori, H., Miyazaki, K., Higuchi, Y., 2009. Crystallization and preliminary X-ray
diffraction analysis of a putative two-domain-type laccase from a metagenome.
Acta. Crystallogr. Sect. F. Struct. Biol. Cryst. Commun. 65, 264 - 266.
Koschorreck, K., Richter, S.M., Swierczek, A., Beifuss, U., Schmid, R.D., Urlacher, V.B.,
2008. Comparative characterization of four laccases from Trametes versicolor
concerning phenolic C-C coupling and oxidation of PAHs. Arch. Biochem. Biophys.
474, 213 - 219.
Kowalska, T.K.K., Wrzosek, M., Ginalska, G., Iglik, H., Bancerz, R., 2006. Identification and
application of a new fungal strain Bjerkandera audusta R59 in decolorization of
daunomycin wastes. Enzyme Microb. Tech. 38, 583 - 590.
Kramer, K.J., Kanost, M.R., Hopkins, T.L., Jing, H., Zhu, Y.C., Xhu, R., Kerwin, J.L.,
Turecek, F., 2001. Oxidative conjugation of catechols with proteins in insect skeletal
systems. Tetrahedron 57, 385 - 392.

Bibliography
Krastanov, A., 2000. Removal of phenols from mixtures by co-immobilised laccase/
tyrosinase and polyclar adsorption. J. Ind. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 24, 383 - 388.
Kringstad, K.P., Lindstrom, K., 1984. Spent liquors from pulp bleaching. Environ. Sci. Teac.
18, 236A - 248A.
Krishna Prasad, K., Venkata Mohana, S., Sreenivas Rao, R., Pati, B.R., Sarma, P.N., 2005.
Laccase production by Pleurotus ostreatus 1804: Optimization of submerged culture
conditions by Taguchi DOE methodology. Biochem. Eng. J. 24, 17 - 26.
Kunamneni, A., Camarero, S., Garcia-Burgos, C., Plou, F.J., Ballesteros, A., Alcalde, M.,
2008b. Engineering and applications of fungal laccases for organic synthesis. Microb.
Cell Fact. 7, 32.
Kunamneni, A., Plou, F.J., Ballesteros, A., Alcade, M., 2008a. Laccases and their
applications: A patent review. Recent pat. Biotechnol. 2, 10 - 24.
Kuwahara, M., Glenn, J.K., Morgan, M.A., Gold, M.H., 1984. Separation and
characterization of two extracellular H2O2-dependent oxidases from ligninolytic
cultures of Phanerochaete chrysosporium. FEBS Lett. 169, 247 - 250.
Labbe, S., Thiele, D.J., 1997. Pipes and wiring: the regulation of copper uptake and
distribution in yeast. Trends Microbiol. 7, 500 - 505.
Laemmli, U.K., 1970. Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of
bacteriophage T4. Nature 227, 680 - 685.
Larrondo, L.F., Avila, M., Salas, L., Cullen, D., Vicuna, R., 2003. Heterologous expression of
laccase cDNA from Ceriporiopsis subvermispora yields copper activated apoprotein
and complex isoform patterns. Microbiology 149, 1177 - 1182.
Larsson, S., Cassland, P., Jonsson, L.J., 2001. Development of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae
strain with enhanced resistance to phenolic fermentation inhibitors in lignocellulose
hydrolysates by heterologous expression of laccase. Appl. Environ. Microb. 67,
1163 - 1170.
Lebrun, J.D., Demont-Caulet, N., Cheviron, N., Laval, K., Trinsoutrot-Gattin, I., Mougin, C.,
2011. Secretion profiles of fungi as potential tools for metal ecotoxicity assessment: a
study of enzymatic system in Trametes versicolor. Chemosphere 82, 340 - 345.
Lee, M.T., Chen, W.C., Chou, C.C., 1997. Medium improvement by orthogonal array design
for cholesterol oxidase production by Rhodococcus equi no 23. Process Biochem. 32,
697 - 703.
Lee, Y., Park, C., Lee, B., Han, E.J., Kim, T.H., Lee, J., Kim, S., 2006. Effect of nutrients on
the production of extracellular enzymes for decolorization of Reactive Blue 19 and
Reactive Black 5. J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 16, 226 - 231.

Bibliography
Leonowicz, A., Cho, N.S., Luterek, J., Wilkolazka, A., Wojtas-Wasilewska, M.,
Matuszewska, A., Hofrichter, M., Wesenberg, D., 2001. Fungal laccase: properties and
activity on lignin. J. Basic Microbiol. 41, 185 - 227.
Leonowicz, A., Gianfreda, L., Rogalski, J., Jaszek, M., Luterek, J., wasilewska, M.W.,
Malarcezyk, E., Dawidowicz, A., Fink-Boots, M., Ginalska, G., Leonowicz, A., Cho,
N.S., 1997. Appearance of laccase in wood rotting fungi and its inducibility. J. Korean
World Sci. Technol. 25, 29 - 36.
Levin, L., Forchiassin, F., 2001. Ligninolytic enzymes of the white-rot basidiomycete
Trametes trogii. Acta. Biotechnol. 21, 179 - 186.
Levin, L., Melignani, E., Ramos, A.M., 2010. Effect of nitrogen sources and vitamins on
ligninolytic enzyme production by some white-rot fungi. Dye decolorization by
selected culture filtrates. Bioresour. Technol. 101, 4554 - 4563.
Levin, L., Papinutti, L., Forchiassin, F., 2004. Evaluation of Argentinean white-rot fungi for
their ability to produce lignin-modifying enzymes and decolorize industrial dyes.
Biores. Technol. 94, 169 - 176.
Levin, L., Ramos, A.M., Parisi, M., Gally, M., 2007. Screening of Colletotrichum
(Ascomycota) isolates causal agents of soyabean anthracnose for laccase production.
Bol. Soc. Agent 42, 71 - 77.
Li, M., Zhang, G., Wang, H., Ng, T., 2010. Purification and characterization of a laccase from
the edible wild mushroom Tricholoma mongolicum. J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 20,
1069 - 1076.
Lin, Y., Zhang, Z., Zhao, L., Wang, X., Yu, P., Su, L., Mao, L., 2010. A non-oxidative
electrochemical approach to online measurements of dopamine release through laccase-
catalyzed oxidation and intramolecular cyclization of dopamine. Biosens. Bioelectron.
25, 1350 - 1355.
Lisova, Z.A., Lisov, A.V., Leontievsky A.A., 2010. Two laccase isoforms of the
basidiomycete Cerrena unicolor VKMF-3196. Induction, isolation and properties.
J. Basic Microbiol. 50, 72 - 82.
Liu, W., Chao, Y., Liu, S., Bao, H., Qian, S., 2003. Molecular cloning and characterization of
a laccase gene from the basidiomycete Fome lignosus and expression in Pichia
pastoris. Appl. Microbiol. Biot. 63, 174-181.
Liu, W.X., Chao, Y.P., Yang, X.Q., Bao, H.B., Qian, S.J., 2004. Biodecolorization of azo,
anthraquinonic and triphenylmethane dyes by white-rot fungi and a laccase-secreting
engineered strain. J. Ind. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 31, 127 - 132.

Bibliography
Liu, Z., Zhang, D., Hua, Z., Li, J., Du, G., Chen, J., 2009. A newly isolated Paecilomyces sp.
WSH-L07 for laccase production: isolation, identification, and production enhancement
by complex inducement. J. Ind. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 36, 1315 - 1321.
Lowry, O.H., Rosebrough, N.J., Farr, A.L., Randall, R.J., 1951. Protein measurement with the
Folin Phenol reagent. J. Biol. Chem. 193, 265 - 275.
Lozovaya, V.V., Lygin, A.V., Zernova, O.V., Li, S., Hartman, G.L., Widholm, J.M., 2004.
Isoflavonoid accumulation in soybean hairy roots upon treatment with Fusarium
solani. Plant Physiol. Biochem. 42, 671 - 679.
Lozovaya, V.V., Lygin, A.V., Zernova, O.V., Li, S., Widholm, J.M., Hartman, G.L., 2005.
Lignin degradation by Fusarium solani f. sp. glycines. Plant Dis. 90, 77 - 82.
Lu, J., Huang, Q., 2009. Removal of acetaminophen using enzyme-mediated oxidative
coupling processes: II. Cross-coupling with natural organic matter. Environ. Sci.
Technol. 43, 7068 - 7073.
Lu, L., Zhao, M., Liang, S.C., Zhao, L.Y., Li, D.B., Zhang, B.B., 2009. Production and
synthetic dyes decolourization capacity of a recombinant laccase from Pichia pastoris.
J. Appl. Microbiol. 107, 1149 - 1156.
Lu, L., Zhao, M., Wang, Y., 2007b. Immobilization of laccase by alginate–chitosan
microcapsules and its use in dye decolorization. World J. Microb. Biot. 23, 159 - 166.
Lu, L., Zhao, M., Zhang, B.B., Yu, S.Y., Bian, X.J., Wang, W., Wang, Y., 2007a. Purification
and characterization of laccase from Pycnoporus sanguineus and decolorization of an
anthraquinone dye by the enzyme. Appl. Microbiol. Biot. 74, 1232 - 1239.
Lyashenko, A.V., Zhukhlistova, N.E., Gabdoulkhakov, A.G., Zhukova, Y.N., Voelter, W.,
Zaitsev, V.N., Bento, I., Stepanova, E.V., Kachalova, G.S., Koroleva, O.V.,
Cherkashyn, E.A., Tishkov, V.I., Lamzin, V.S., Schirwitz, K., Morgunova, E.Y.,
Betzel, C., Lindley, P.F., Mikhailov, A.M., 2006. Purification, crystallization and
preliminary X-ray study of the fungal laccase from Cerrena maxima. Acta. Crystallogr.
Sect. F. Struct. Biol. Cryst. Commun. 62, 954 - 957.
Mahmoodi, N., Arami, M., Gharanjig, K., 2009. Laboratory studies and CFD modeling of
photocatalytic degradation of colored textile wastewater by titania nanoparticles. Desal.
Water Treat.1, 312 - 317.
Majeau, J.A., Brar, S.K., Tyagi, R.D., 2010. Laccases for removal of recalcitrant and
emerging pollutants. Bioresour. Technol. 101, 2331 - 2350.
Makas, Y.G., Kalkan, N.A., Aksoy, S., Altinok, H., Hasirci, N., 2010. Immobilization of
laccase in kappa-carrageenan based semi-interpenetrating polymer networks.
J. Biotechnol. 148, 216 - 220.

Bibliography
Maloy, O.C., 1974. Benomyl-malt agar for the purification of cultures of wood decay fungi.
Plant Dis. Rep. 58, 902 - 904.
Mansur, M., Arias, M.E., Patino, J.L.C., Flardh, M., Gonzalez, A.E., 2003. The white-rot
fungus Pleurotus ostreatus secretes laccase isozymes with different substrate
specificities. Mycologia 95, 1013 - 1020.
Marco-Urrea, E., Perez-Trujillo, M., Blanquez, P., Vicent, T., Caminal, G., 2010a.
Biodegradation of the analgesic naproxen by Trametes versicolor and identification of
intermediates using HPLC-DAD-MS and NMR. Bioresour. Technol. 101, 2159 - 2166.
Marco-Urrea, E., Perez-Trujillo, M., Cruz-Morato, C., Caminal, G., Vicent, T., 2010b.
Degradation of the drug sodium diclofenac by Trametes versicolor pellets and
identification of some intermediates by NMR. J. Hazard. Mater. 176, 836 - 842.
Markvicheva, E.A., Lozinsky, V.I., Plieva, F.M., Kochetkov, K.A., Rumsh, L.D., Zubov,
V.P., Maity, J., Kumar, R., Parmar, V.S., Belokon, Y.N., 2005. Gel-immobilized
enzymes as promising biocatalysts: Results from Indo-Russian collaborative studies.
Pure Appl. Chem. 77, 227 - 236.
Martin, C., Moeder, M., Daniel, X., Krauss, G., Schlosser, D., 2007. Biotransformation of the
polycyclic musks HHCB and AHTN and metabolite formation by fungi occurring in
freshwater environments. Environ. Sci. Technol. 41, 5395 - 5402.
Martinez, A.T., 2002. Molecular biology and structure–function of lignin-degrading heme
peroxidases. Enzyme Microb. Tech. 30, 425 - 444.
Martins, L.O., Soares, C.M., Pereira, M.M., Teixeira, M., Costa, T., Jones, G.H., Henriques,
A.O., 2002. Molecular and biochemical characterization of a highly stable bacterial
laccase that occurs as a structural component of the Bacillus subtilis endospore coat.
J. Biol. Chem. 277, 18849 - 18859.
Maruyama, T., Komatsu, C., Michizoe, J., Ichinose, H., Goto, M., 2006. Laccase-mediated
oxidative degradation of the herbicide dymron. Biotechnol. Prog. 22, 426 - 430.
Marzorati, M., Danieli, B., Haltrich, D., Riva, S., 2005. Selective laccase-mediated oxidation
of sugars derivatives. Green Chem. 7, 310 - 315.
Masalu, R., 2004. Lignin degrading enzymes from mycelial cultures of wild Tanzanian
mushrooms. Master of Science Thesis, University of Dares Salaam, Tanzania. pp. 91.
Mattinen, M.L., Hellman, M., Permi, P., Autio, K., Kalkkinen, N., Buchert, J., 2006. Effect of
protein structure on laccase-catalyzed protein oligomerization. J. Agric. Food Chem.
54, 8883 - 8890.
Mayer, A.M., Staples, R.C., 2002. Laccase: new functions for and old enzyme. Phytocemistry
60, 551 - 565.

Bibliography
Mazumder, S., Basu, S.K., Mukherjee, M., 2009. Laccase production in solid-state and
submerged fermentation by Pleurotus ostreatus. Eng. Life Sci. 9, 45 - 52.
Mc Kague, A.B., Jarl, M., Kringstad, K.P., 1989. An up-to date list of compounds identified
in bleachery effluent of January 1989. In: Internnaional Symposium of Wood Pulping
Chemistry, Raleigh.
McCaig, B.C., Meagher, R.B., Dean, J.F.D., 2005. Gene structure and molecular analysis of
the laccase like multicopper oxidase (LMCO) gene family in Arabidopsis thaliana.
Planta 221, 619 - 636.
Mechichi, H.Z., Mechichi, T., Dhouib, A., Sayadi, S., Martinez, A.T., Martinez, M.J., 2006.
Laccase purification and characterization from Trametes trogii isolated in Tunisia:
decolorization of textile dyes by the purified enzyme. Enzyme Microb. Tech. 39,
141-148.
Mester, T., Tien, M., 2000. Oxidation mechanism of ligninolytic enzymes involved in the
degradation of environmental pollutants. Int. Biodeterior. Biodegrad. 46, 51 - 59.
Meza, J.C., Auria, R., Lomascolo, A., Sigoillo, J.C., Casalot, L., 2007. Role of ethanol on
growth, laccase production and protease activity in Pycnoporus cinnabarinus ss3.
Enzyme Microb. Tech. 41, 162 - 168.
Michniewicz, A., Ledakowicz, S., Ullrich, R., Hofrichter, M., 2008. Kinetics of the enzymatic
decolorization of textile dyes by laccase from Cerrena unicolor. Dyes Pigm. 77, 295 - 302.
Mikiashvili, N., Wasser, S.P., EviatarNevo, E., Elisashvili, V., 2006. Effects of carbon and
nitrogen sources on Pleurotus ostreatus ligninolytic enzyme activity. World J. Microb.
Biot. 22, 999 - 1002.
Mikolasch, A., Hessel, S., Salazar, M.G., Neumann, H., Manda, K., Gordes, D., Schmidt, E.,
Thurow, K., Hammer, E., Lindequist, U., Beller, M., Schauer, F., 2008b. Synthesis of
new N-analogous corollosporine derivatives with antibacterial activity by laccase-
catalyzed amination. Chem. Pharm. Bull (Tokyo). 56, 781 - 786.
Mikolasch, A., Niedermeyer, T.H., Lalk, M., Witt, S., Seefeldt, S., Hammer, E., Schauer, F.,
Gesell, M., Hessel, S., Julich, W.D., Lindequist, U., 2006. Novel penicillins
synthesized by biotransformation using laccase from Trametes sp. Chem. Pharm. Bull
(Tokyo). 54, 632 - 638.
Mikolasch, A., Wurster, M., Lalk, M., Witt, S., Seefeldt, S., Hammer, E., Schauer, F., Julich,
W.D., Lindequist, U., 2008a. Novel beta-lactam antibiotics synthesized by amination of
catechols using fungal laccase. Chem. Pharm. Bull (Tokyo). 56, 902 - 907.
Ministry of Textiles., 1999. “Report of the Expert Committees on Textile Policy”,
Government of India, Udyog Bhavan, New Delhi.

Bibliography
Minussi, R.C., Miranda, M.A., Silva, J.A., Ferreira, C.V., Aoyama, H., Marangoni, S.,
Rotilio, D., Pastore, G.M., Duran, N., 2007b. Purification, characterization and
application of laccase from Trametes versicolor for colour and phenolic removal of
olive mill wastewater in the presence of 1-hydroxybenzotriazole. Afri. J. Biotechnol. 6,
1248 - 1254.
Minussi, R.C., Rossi, M., Bologna, L., Rotilio, D., Pastore, G.M., Duran, N., 2007a. “Phenols
removal in musts: strategy for wine stabilization by laccase,” J. Mol. Catal. B 45,
102 - 107.
Mishra, A., Kumar, S., Kumar, S., 2008. Application of Box-Benhken experimental design
for optimization of laccase production by Coriolus versicolor MTCC 138 in solid state
fermentation. J. Sci. Ind. Res. 67, 1098 - 1107.
Mishra, S.S., Bisaria, V.S., 2006. Production and characterization of laccase from Cyathus
bulleri and its use in decolourization of recalcitrant textile dyes. Appl. Microbiol. Biot.
71, 646 - 653.
Mitra, A., 1998. Fundamentals of quality control and improvement, Pearson Educational.
Asia, Delhi.
Miura, M., Deguchi, T., Yanagi, C., Suzuki, J., Kitaoka, Y., Kakezawa, M., 1997. The
indicative culture parameters of manganese peroxidase production by white- rot fungus
IZU-154. J. Ferment. Bioeng. 84, 414 - 420.
Mohammadian, M., Roudsari, M.F., Mollania, N., Dalfard, A.B., Khajeh, K., 2010. Enhanced
expression of a recombinant bacterial laccase at low temperature and microaerobic
conditions: purification and biochemical characterization. J. Ind. Microbiol.
Biotechnol. 37, 863 - 869.
Mohana, S., Shrivastava, S., Divecha, J., Madamwar D., 2008. Response surface
methodology for optimization of medium for decolorization of textile dye Direct Black
22 by a novel bacterial consortium. Bioresour. Technol. 99, 562 - 569.
Mohapatra, P.K.D., Maity, C., Rao, R.S., Pati, B.R., Mondal, K.C., 2009. Tannase production
by Bacillus licheniformis KBR6: Optimization of submerged culture conditions by
Taguchi DOE methodology. Food Res. Int. 42, 430 - 435.
Moilanen, U., Osma, J.F., Winquist, E., Leisola, M., Couto, S.R., 2010. Decolorization of
simulated textile dye baths by crude laccases from Trametes hirsuta and Cerrena
unicolor. Eng. Life Sci. 10, 242 - 247.
Moldes, D., Cadena, E.M., Vidal, T., 2010. Biobleaching of eucalyptus kraft pulp with a two
laccase-mediator stages sequence. Bioresour. Technol. 101, 6924 - 6929.

Bibliography
Moldes, D., Diaz, M., Tzanov, T., Vidal, T., 2008. Comparative study of the efficiency of
synthetic and natural mediators in laccase-assisted bleaching of eucalyptus kraft pulp.
Bioresour. Technol. 99, 7959 - 7965.
Moldes, D., Lorenzo, M., Sanroman, M.A., 2004. Different proportion of laccase isoenzymes
produced by submerged cultures of Trametes versicolor grown on lignocellulosic
wastes. Biotechnol. Lett. 26, 327 - 330.
Moldes, D., Vidal, T., 2011. Reutilization of effluents from laccase-mediator treatments of
kraft pulp for biobleaching. Bioresour. Technol. 102, 3603 - 3606.
Molina-Guijarro, J.M., Perez, J., Munoz-Dorado, J., Guillen, F., Moya, R., Hernandez, M.,
Arias, M.E., 2009. Detoxification of azo dyes by a novel pH-versatile, salt-resistant
laccase from Streptomyces ipomoea. Int. Microbiol. 12, 13 - 21.
Monteiro, M.C., De Carvalho, M.E.A., 1998. Pulp bleaching using laccase from Trametes
versicolor under high temperature and alkaline conditions. Appl. Biochem. Biotech.
70-72, 983 - 993.
Moreira, M.T., Torrado, A., Feigoo, G., Lema, J.M., 2000. Manganese peroxidase production
by Bjerkandera sp. BOS55.2. Operation in stirrer tank reactor. Bioproce. Eng. 23,
657 - 661.
Morozova, O.V., Shumakovich, G.P., Gorbacheva, M.A., Shleev, S.A., Yaropolov, A.I.,
2007. “Blue” laccases. Biochemistry (Moscow) 72, 1136 - 1150.
Moya, R., Hernandez, M., Garcia-Martin, A.B., Ball, A.S., Arias, M.E., 2010. Contributions
to a better comprehension of redox-mediated decolouration and detoxification of azo
dyes by a laccase produced by Streptomyces cyaneus CECT 3335. Bioresour.Technol.
101, 2224 - 2229.
Murugesan, K., Arulmani, M., Nam, I.H., Kim, Y.M., Chang, Y.S., Kalaichelvan, P.T., 2006.
Purification and characterization of laccase produced by a white-rot fungus Pleurotus
sajor-caju under submerged culture conditions and its potential in decolorization of azo
dyes. Appl. Microbiol. Biot. 72, 939 - 946.
Murugesan, K., Dhamija, A., Nam, I.H., Kim, Y.M., Chang, Y.S., 2007. Decolourization of
Reactive Black 5 by laccase: optimization by response surface methodology. Dyes
Pigm. 75, 176 - 184.
Murugesan, K., Kim, Y.M., Jeon, J.R., Chang, Y.S., 2009. Effect of metal ions on reactive
dye decolorization by laccase from Ganoderma lucidum. J. Hazard. Mater. 168,
523 - 529.

Bibliography
Mustafa, R., Muniglia, L., Rovel, B., Girardin, M., 2005. Phenolic colorants obtained by
enzymatic synthesis using a fungal laccase in a hydroorganic biphasic system.
Food Res. Int. 38, 995 - 1000.
Myasoedova, N.M., Chernykh, A.M., Psurtseva, N.V., Belova, N.V., Golovleva, L.A., 2008.
New efficient producers of fungal laccases. Appl. Biochem. Microb. 44, 73 - 77.
Nagai, M., Kawata, M., Watanabe, H., Ogawa, M., Saito, K., Takesawa, T., Kanda, K., Sato,
T., 2003. Important role of fungal intracellular laccase for melanin synthesis:
purification and characterization of an intracellular laccase from Lentinula edodes fruit
bodies. Microbiology 149, 2455 - 2462.
Nagai, M., Sakamoto, Y., Nakade, K., Sato, T., 2007. Isolation and characterization of the
gene encoding a manganese peroxidase from Lentinula edodes. Mycoscience 48,
125 - 130.
Nagai, M., Sakamoto, Y., Nakade, K., Sato, T., 2009. Purification of a novel extracellular
laccase from solid-state culture of the edible mushroom Lentinula edodes. Mycoscience
50, 208 - 312.
Nagai, M., Sato, T., Watanabe, H., Saito, K., Kawata, M., Enei, H., 2002. Purification and
characterization of an extracellular laccase from the edible mushroom Lentinula edodes
and decolorization of chemically different dyes. Appl. Microbiol. Biot. 60, 327 - 335.
Nakade, K., Nakagawa, Y., Yano, A., Sato, T., Sakamoto, Y., 2010. Characterization of an
extracellular laccase PbLac1, purified from Polyporus brumalis. Fungal Biol. 114,
609 - 618.
Nakamura, Y., Sungusia, M.G., Sawada, T., Kuwahara, M., 1999. Lignin-degrading enzyme
production by Bjerkandera adusta immobilized on Polyurethane Foam. J. Biosci.
Bioeng. 88, 41 - 47.
Nauman, A., Gonzalez, M.N., Hernandez, O.S., Hoegger, P.J., Kues, U., 2007. Correct
identification of wood-inhabiting fungi by ITS analysis. Current Trends Biotechnol.
Pharma. 1, 41 - 61.
Nelson, D.L., Cox, M.M., 2004. Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry. 4 th Edition, Freeman,
W.H. & Co., New York, USA. pp. 1100.
Nemec, T., Jernejc, K., 2002. Influence of Tween 80 on lipid metabolism of an Aspergillus
niger strain. Appl. Biochem. Biotech. 101, 229 - 238.
Niku-Paavola, M.L., Karhunen, E., Kantelinen, A., Viikari, L., Lundell, T., Hatakka, A.,
1990. The effect of culture conditions on the production of lignin modifying enzymes
by the white-rot fungus Phlebia radiata. J. Biotechnol. 13, 211 - 221.

Bibliography
Niladevi, K.N., Jacob, N., Prema, P., 2008. Evidence for a halotolerant-alkaline laccase in
Streptomyces psammoticus: Purification and characterization. Process Biochem. 43,
654 - 660.
Niladevi, K.N., Prema, P., 2008. Effect of inducers and process parameters on laccase
production by Streptomyces psammoticus and its application in dye decolourization.
Bioresour. Technol. 99, 4583 - 4589.
Niladevi, K.N., Sukumaran, R.K., Prema, P., 2007. Utilization of rice straw for laccase
production by Streptomyces psammoticus in solid state fermentation. J. Ind.
Micorobiol. Biotechnol. 34, 665 - 674.
Nilsson, R.H., Kristiansson, E., Ryberg, M., Hallenberg, N., Larsson, K.H., 2008.
Intraspecific ITS variability in the kingdom fungi as expressed in the international
sequence databases and its implications for molecular species identification.
Evolutionary Bioinformatics. 4, 193 - 201.
Nishida, T., Yoshinori, K., Mimura, A., Takahara, Y., 1988. Lignin biodegradation by wood-
rotting fungi I. Screening of lignindegrading fungi. Mokuzai Gakkaishi 34, 530 - 536.
Norus, J., 2006. “Building sustainable competitive advantage from knowledge in the region:
the industrial enzymes industry.” European Planning Studies 14, 681 - 696.
Novotny, C., Erbanova, P., Cajthaml, T., Rothschild, N., Dosoretz, C., Sasek, V., 2000. Irpex
lacteus a white-rot fungus applicable to water and soil bioremediation. Appl.
Microbiol. Biot. 54, 850 - 853.
Novotny, C., Svobodova, K., Erbanova, P., Cajthaml, T., Kasinath, A., Lang, E., Sasek, V.,
2004b. Ligninolytic fungi in bioremediation: extracellular enzyme production and
degradation rate. Soil Biol. Biochem. 36, 1545 - 1551.
Novotny, C., Svobodova, K., Kasinath, A., Erbanova, P., 2004a. Biodegradation of synthetic
dyes by Irpex lacteus under various growth conditions. Int. Biodeterior. Biodegrad. 54,
215 - 223.
Nyanhongo, G.S., Gomesa, J., Gubitzc, G.M., Zvauyab, R., Readd, J., Steinera, W., 2002.
Decolorization of textile dyes by laccases from a newly isolated strain of Trametes
modesta. Water Res. 36, 1449 - 1456.
Odaci, D., Timur, S., Pazarlioglu, N., Kirgoz, U.A., Telefoncu, A., 2006. Effects of mediators
on the laccase biosensor response in paracetamol detection. Biotechnol. Appl.
Biochem. 45, 23 - 28.
Ofomaja, A.E., 2009. Equilibrium sorption of methylene blue using mansonia wood sawdust
as biosorbent. Desal.Water Treat. 3, 1 - 10.

Bibliography
Okino, L.K., Machado, K.M.G., Fabris, C., Bononi, V.L.R., 2000. Ligninolytic activity of
tropical rainforest basidiomycetes. World J. Microb. Biot. 16, 889 - 893.
Omarini, A., Nepote, V., Grosso, N.R., Zygadlo J.A., Alberto E., 2010. Sensory analysis and
fruiting bodies characterisation of the edible mushrooms Pleurotus ostreatus and
Polyporus tenuiculus obtained on leaf waste from the essential oil production industry.
Int. J. Food Sci. Technol. 45, 466 - 474.
Osma, J.F., Herrera, J.L.T., Couto, S.R., 2010. Biodegradation of a simulated textile effluent
by immobilised-coated laccase in laboratory-scale reactors. Appl. Catal. A: General.
373, 147 - 153.
Osma, J.F., Saravia, V., Herrera, J.L., Couto, S.R., 2007. Mandarin peelings: the best carbon
source to produce laccase by static cultures of Trametes pubescens. Chemosphere 67,
1677 - 1680.
Osono, T., 2010. Decomposition of grass leaves by ligninolytic litter-decomposing fungi.
Grassland Sci. 56, 31 - 36.
Ossola, M., Galante, Y.M., 2004. Scouring of flax rove with the aid of enzymes. Enzyme
Microb. Tech. 34, 177 - 186.
Otto, B., Schlosser, D., Reisser, W., 2010. First description of a laccase-like enzyme in soil
algae. Arch. Microbiol. 192, 759 - 768.
Pakhadnia, Y.G., Malinouski, N., Lapko, A.G., 2009. Purification and characteristics of an
enzyme with both bilirubin oxidase and laccase activities from mycelium of the
basidiomycete Pleurotus ostreatus. Biochemistry(Mosc) 74, 1027 - 1034.
Palmieri, G., Bianao, C., Cennamo, G., Giardina, P., Marino, G., Monti, M., Sannia, G., 2001.
Purification, characterization, and functional role of a novel extracellular protease from
Pleurotus ostreatus. Appl. Environ. Microb. 67, 2754 - 2759.
Palmieri, G., Cennamo, G., Faraco, V., Amoresano, A., Sannia, G., Giardina, P., 2003.
Atypical laccase isoenzymes from copper supplemented Pleurotus ostreatus cultures.
Enzyme Microb. Tech. 33, 220 - 230.
Palmieri, G., Cennamo, G., Sannia, G., 2005. Remazol Brilliant Blue R decolorization by the
fungus Pleurotus ostreatus and its oxidative enzymatic system. Enzyme Micorb. Tech.
36, 17 - 24.
Palmieri, G., Giardina, P., Bianco, C., Fontanella, B., Sannia, G., 2000. Copper induction of
laccase isoenzymes in the ligninolytic fungus Pleurotus ostreatus. Appl. Environ.
Microb. 66, 920 - 924.
Palmieri, G., Giardina, P., Bianco, C., Scaloni, A., Capassoi, A., Sannia, G., 1997. A novel
white laccase from Pleurotus ostreatus. J. Biol. Chem. 272, 31301 - 31307.

Bibliography
Palmieri, G., Giardina, P., Marzullo, L., Desiderio, B., Nitti, G., Cannio, R., Sannia, G., 1993.
Stability and activity of a phenol oxidase from the ligninolytic fungus Pleurotus
ostreatus. Appl. Microbiol. Biot. 39, 632 - 636.
Palonen, H., Saloheimo, M., Viikari, L., Kruus, K., 2003. Purification, characterization and
sequence analysis of a laccase from the ascomycete Mauginiella sp. Enzyme Microb.
Tech. 33, 854 - 862.
Palvannan, T., Sathishkumar, P., 2010. Production of laccase from Pleurotus florida NCIM
1243 using Plackett-Burman design and response surface methodology. J. Basic
Microbiol. 50, 325 - 335.
Pant, D., Adholeya, A., 2007. Identification, ligninolytic enzyme activity and decolorization
potential of two fungi isolated from a distillery effluent contaminated site. Water Air
and Soil Pollution 183, 165 - 176.
Panya, P.H., Jasra, R.V., Newalkar, B.L., Bhatt, P.N., 2005. Studies on the activity and
stability of immobilized α-amylase in ordered mesoporous silicas. Micropor. Mesopor.
Mater. 77, 67 - 77.
Papinutti, V.L., Forchiassin, F., 2003. Optimization of manganese peroxidase and laccase
production in the South American fungus Fomes sclerodermeus (Le´v.) Cke. J. Ind.
Microbiol. Biotechnol. 30, 536 - 541.
Park, Ch., Lim, J., Lee, Y., Lee, B., Kim, S., Lee, J., Kim, S., 2007. Optimization and
morphology for decolorization of Reactive Black 5 by Funalia trogii. Enzyme Microb.
Tech. 40, 1758 - 1764.
Park, K.M., Park, S.S., 2008. Purification and characterization of laccase from basidiomycete
Fomitella fraxinea. J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 18, 670 - 675.
Patel, H., Gupte, A., Gupte, S., 2008. Biodegradation of fluoranthene by basidiomycetes
fungal isolate Pleurotus ostreatus HP-1. Appl. Biochem. Biotech. 157, 367 - 376.
Patrick, F., Mtui, G., Mshandete, A.M., Johansson, G., Kivaisi, A., 2009. Purification and
characterization of a laccase from the basidiomycete Funalia trogii (Berk.) isolated in
Tanzania. Afri. J. Biochem. Res. 3, 250 - 258.
Pazarlioglu, N.K., Sariisik, M., Telefoncu, A., 2005. Laccase: production by Trametes
versicolor and application to denim washing. Process Biochem. 40, 1673 - 1678.
Peterson S.W., Bayer, E.M., Wicklow, D.T., 2004. Penicillium thiersii, Penicillium angulare
and Penicillium decaturense, new species isolated from wood-decay fungi in North
America and their phylogenetic placement from multilocus DNA sequence analysis.
Mycologia 96, 1280 - 1293.

Bibliography
Pezet, R., Pont, V., Van, K.H., 1992. Enzymatic detoxication of stilbenes by Botrytis cinerea
and inhibition by grape berries proanthrocyanidins. In: Verhoeff, K., Malathrakis, N.E.,
Williamson, B. (Eds.), Recent Advances in Botrytis Research. Pudoc Scientific,
Wageningen, pp. 87 - 92.
Phadke, M.S., Dehnad, K., 1988. Optimization of product and process design for quality and
cost, Qual. Reliab. Eng. Int. 4, 159 - 169.
Piontek, K., Antorini, M., Choinowski, T., 2002. Crystal structure of a laccase from the
fungus Trametes versicolor at 1.90-Å resolution containing a full complement of
coppers. J. Biol. Chem. 277, 37663 - 37669.
Pointing, S.B., 2001. Feasibility of bioremediation by white-rot fungi. Appl. Microbiol. Biot.
57, 20 - 33.
Pointing, S.B., Jones, E.B.G., Vrijmoed, L.L.P., 2000. Optimization of laccase production by
Pycnoporus sanguineus in submerged liquid culture. Mycologia 92, 139 - 144.
Polyakov, K.M., Fedorova, T.V., Stepanova, E.V., Cherkashin, E.A., Kurzeev, S.A.,
Strokopytov, B.V., Lamzin, V.S., Koroleva, O.V., 2009. Structure of native laccase
from Trametes hirsuta at 1.8 Å resolution. Acta. Crystallogr. D Biol. Crystallogr. 65,
611 - 617.
Pozdnyakova, N.N., Rodakiewicz-Nowak, J., Turkovskaya, O.V., Haber, J., 2006. Oxidative
degradation of polyaromatic hydrocarbons catalyzed by blue laccase from Pleurotus
ostreatus D1 in the presence of synthetic mediators. Enzyme Microb. Tech. 39,
1242 - 1249.
Prakasham, R.S., Subba Rao, Ch., Sreenivas Rao, R., Sarma, P.N., 2007. Enhancement of
acid amylase production by an isolated Aspergillus awamori. J. Appl. Microbiol. 102,
204 - 211.
Prasetyo, E.N., Kudanga, T., Steiner, W., Murkovic, M., Nyanhongo, G.S., Guebitz, G.M.,
2010. “Laccase-generated tetramethoxy azobismethylene quinone (TMAMQ) as a tool
for antioxidant activity measurement,” Food Chem. 118. 437 - 444.
Quaratino, D., Federicic, F., Petruccioli, M., Fenice, M., D’Annibale, A., 2007. Production,
purification and partial characterization of a novel laccase from the white-rot fungus
Panus tigrinus CBS 577.79. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 91, 57 - 69.
Quintanar, L., Yoon, J., Aznar, C.P., Palmer, A.E., Andersson, K.K., Britt, R.D., Solomon,
E.I., 2005. Spectroscopic and electronic structure studies of the trinuclear Cu cluster
active site of the multicopper oxidase laccase: nature of its coordination unsaturation.
J. Am. Chem. Soc. 127, 13832 - 13845.

Bibliography
Rajeswari, K.R., 2000. Ozonation treatment of textile dyes wastewater using plasma ozonizer,
Ph.D thesis, University Malaysia. Malaysia.
Ramesh, G., Sweera, R., Sudhakara Reddy, M., 2008. Enhancement of laccase in
ectomycorrhizal fungus Hebeloma cylindrosporum in presence of different substrates.
Adv. Environ. Biol. 2, 115 - 120.
Ranocha, P., McDougall, G., Hawkins, S., Sterjiades, R., Borderies, G., Stewart, D.,
Macheteau, M.C., Boudet, A.M., Goffner, D., 1999. Biochemical characterization
molecular cloning and expression of laccase – a divergent gene family in poplar. Eur. J.
Biochem. 259, 485 - 495.
Rashad, M.M., Abdou, H.M., 2001. Fungal degradation of cabbage leaf liquid waste.
Adv. Food Sci. 23, 124 - 130.
Rashad, M.M., Abdou, H.M., Shousha, W.G.H., Ali, M.M., El-Sayed, N.N., 2009. Utilization
of some food processing wastes for production of Pleurotus ostreatus pectinases.
Adv. Food Sci. 31, 151-157.
Rekuc, A., Bryjak, J., Szymanska, K., Jarzebski, A.B., 2010. Very stable silica-gel-bound
laccase biocatalysts for the selective oxidation in continuous systems. Bioresour.
Technol. 101, 2076 - 2083.
Renzetti, S., Courtin, C.M., Delcour, J.A., Arendt, E.K., 2010. “Oxidative and proteolytic
enzyme reparations as promising improvers for oat bread formulations: rheological,
biochemical and microstructural background.” Food Chem. 119, 1465 - 1473.
Revankar, M.S., Lele, S.S., 2006. Increased production of extracellular laccase by the white-
rot fungus Coriolus versicolor MTCC 138. World J. Microb. Biot. 22, 921 - 926.
Revankar, M.S., Lele, S.S., 2007. Synthetic dye decolorization by white-rot fungus,
Ganoderma sp. WR-1. Bioresour. Technol. 98, 775 - 780.
Reyes, C.M.B., Millan, E.C., Mendoza, J.L., Chu, A.R., Escalante, J.A.M., Lopez, A.L.M.,
2009. Maize arabinoxylan gels as protein delivery matrices. Molecules 14, 1475 - 1482.
Ribeiro, D.S., Henrique, S.M.B., Oliveira, L.S., Macedo, G.A., Fleuri, L.F., 2010. “Enzymes
in juice processing: a review,” Int. J. Food Sci. Technol. 45, 635 - 641.
Riva, S., 2006. Laccases: blue enzymes for green chemistry. Trends Biotechnol. 24,
219 - 216.
Robles, A., Lucas, R., Cienfuegos, G.A., Galvez, A., 2000. Phenol-oxidase (laccase) activity
in strains of the hyphomycete Chalara paradoxa isolated from olive mill wastewater
disposal ponds. Enzyme Microb. Tech. 26, 484 - 490.

Bibliography
Rodriguez, E., Duenas, F.J.R., Kooistra, R., Ramb, A., Martinez, A.T., Martinez, M.J., 2008.
Isolation of two laccase genes from the white-rot fungus Pleurotus eryngii and
heterologous expression of the pel3 encoded protein. J. Biotechnol. 134, 9 - 19.
Rodriguez, S., Sanroman, A., Hofer, D., Gubitz, G.M., 2004. Stainless steel sponge: a novel
carrier for the immobilization of the white-rot fungus Trametes hirsuta for
decolourisation of textile dyes. Bioresour. Technol. 95, 67 - 72.
Ronne, H., 1995. Glucose repression in fungi. Trends Genet. 11, 12 - 17.
Roriz, M.S., Osma, J.F., Teixeira, J.A., Couto, S.R., 2009. Application of response surface
methodological approach to optimise Reactive Black 5 decolouration by crude laccase
from Trametes pubescens. J. Hazard. Mater. 169, 691 - 696.
Rosconi, F., Fraguas, L.F., Dretsa, G.M., Sowinskia, S.C., 2005. Purification and
characterization of a periplasmic laccase produced by Sinorhizobium meliloti. Enzyme
Microb. Tech. 36, 800 - 807.
Roy, J.J., Abraham, T.E., 2004. Strategies in making cross-linked enzyme crystals. Chemical
Rev. 104, 3705 - 3721.
Roy, J.J., Abraham, T.E., 2006. Preparation and characterization of cross-linked enzyme
crystals of laccase. J. Mol. Cat. B: Enzym. 38, 31 - 36.
Roy, R.K., 1990. A primer on the Taguchi method, society of manufacturing engineers.
Michigan.
Roy, R.K., 2001. Design of experiments using the Taguchi approach: 16 steps to product and
process improvement. John Wiley & Sons, New York.
Sadhasivam, S., Savitha, S., Swaminathan, K., Lin, F.H., 2008. Production, purification and
characterization of mid-redox potential laccase from a newly isolated Trichoderma
harzianum WL1. Process Biochem. 43, 736 - 742.
Sahay, R., Yadav, R.S., Yadav, K.D., 2009. Purification and characterization of laccase
secreated by L.lividus. Appl. Biochem. Biotech. 157, 311 - 320.
Sahay, R., Yadav, R.S.S., Yadav, K.D.S., 2008. Purification and characterization of
extracellular laccase secreated by Pleutous sajor-caju MTCC 141. Chin. J. Biotech. 24,
2068 - 2073.
Saito, T., Hong, P., Kato, K., Okazaki, M., Inagaki, H., Maeda, S., Yokogawa, Y., 2003.
Purification and characterization of an extracellular laccase of a fungus (family
Chaetomiaceae) isolated from soil. Enzyme Microb. Tech. 33, 520 - 526.
Sakaguchi, H., Uyama, N., Uyama, H., 2007. Preserving boiled eggs with a sterilization
system employing microbial laccase and wood vinegar. Animal Sci. J. 78, 668 - 671.

Bibliography
Salony, Garg, N., Baranwal, R., Chhabra, M., Mishra, S., Chaudhuri, T.K., Bisaria, V.S.,
2008. Laccase of Cyathus bulleri: structural, catalytic characterization and expression
in Escherichia coli. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1784, 259 - 268.
Samuel, O.B., Osuala, F.I., Odeigah, P.G.C., 2010. Cytogenotocicity evaluation of two
industrial effluents using Allium cepa assay. Afri. J. Environ. Sci. Technol. 4, 21 - 27.
Sandhu, D.K., Arora, D.S., 1985. Laccase production by Polyporus sanguineus under
different nutritional and environmental conditions. Experientia 41, 355 - 356.
Sanghi, R., Dixit, A., Verma, P., Puri, S., 2009. Design of reaction conditions for the
enhancement of microbial degradation of dyes in sequential cycles. J. Environ. Sci
(China). 21, 1646 - 1651.
Saparrat, M., Balatti, P.A., Martinez, M.J., Jurado, M., 2010a. Differential regulation of
laccase gene expression in Coriolopsis rigida LPSC No. 232. Fungal Biol. 114,
999 - 1006.
Saparrat, M.C., Jurado, M., Diaz, R., Romera, I.G., Martinez, M.J., 2010b. Transformation of
the water soluble fraction from "alpeorujo" by Coriolopsis rigida: the role of laccase in
the process and its impact on Azospirillum brasiliense survival. Chemosphere 78,
72 - 76.
Saparrat, M.C.N., Balatti, P.A., 2005. The biology of fungal laccases and their potential role
in biotechnology. In: Thangadurai, D., Pullaiah, T., L. Tripathi, L., (Eds.), Genetic
resources and biotechnology Volume 3, Regency publications, New Delhi, India, pp.
94 - 120.
Sathishkumar, P., Murugesan, K., Palvannan, T., 2010. Production of laccase from Pleurotus
florida using agro-wastes and efficient decolorization of Reactive Blue 198. J. Basic
Microbiol. 50, 360 - 367.
Schafer, T., Borchert, T.W., Nielsen, V.S., 2006. “Industrial enzymes,” Advances in
Biochemical Engineering/Biotechnology 105, Wiley-VCH, Germany. pp. 59 - 131.
Schafer, T., Kirk, O., Borchert, T.V., Fuglsang, C.C., Pedersen, S., Salmon, S., Olsen, H.S.,
Deinhammer, R., Lund, H., 2002. “Enzymes for technical applications,” in
Biopolymers, Fahnestock, S. R., Steinbuchel, S.R., (Eds.), Wiley-VCH, Weinheim,
Germany, pp. 377 - 437.
Schauer, F., Borriss, R., 2004. Biocatalysis and biotransformations. In advances in fungal
biotechnology for industry, agriculture and medicine. Tkacz, J.S., Lange, L., (Eds.),
Kluwer academic/Plenum publishers. New York, USA. pp. 237 - 306.

Bibliography
Schlosser, D., Grey, R., Fritsche, W., 1997. Patterns of ligninolytic enzymes in Trametes
versicolor. Distribution of extra- and intracellular enzyme activities during cultivation
on glucose, wheat straw and beech wood. Appl. Microbiol. Biot. 47, 412 - 418.
Schoemaker, H.E., Mink, D., Wubbolts, M.G., 2003. Dispelling the myths-biocatalysis in
industrial synthesis. Science 299, 1694 - 1697.
Schroeder, M., Heumann, S., Silva, C.J., Paulo, A.C., Guebitz, G.M., 2006. Specificities of a
chemically modified laccase from Trametes hirsuta on soluble and cellulose-bound
substrates. Biotechnol. Lett. 28, 741 - 747.
Schugerl, K., Gerlach, S.R., Siedenberg, D., 1997. Influence of the process parameters on the
morphology and enzyme production of Aspergilli. Adv. Biochem. Eng. Biotech. 60,
195 - 270.
Selinheimo, E., Kruus, K., Buchert, J., Hopia, A., Autio, K., 2006. Effects of laccase,
xylanase and their combination on the rheological properties of wheat doughs. J. Cereal
Sci. 43, 152 - 159.
Shah, V., Nerud, F., 2002. Lignin degrading system of white-rot fungi and its exploitation of
dye decolorization, Can. J. Microbiol. 48, 857 - 870.
Sharma, H.S.S., Whiteside, L., Kernaghan, K., 2005b. Enzymatic treatment of flax fibre at the
roving stage for production of wet-spun yarn. Enzyme Microb. Tech. 37, 386 - 394.
Sharma, K.K., Kapoor, M., Kuhad, R.C., 2005a. In vivo enzymatic digestion, in vitro
xylanase digestion, metabolic analogues, surfactants and polyethylene glycol
ameliorate laccase production from Ganoderma sp. kk-02. Lett. Appl. Microbiol. 41,
24 - 31.
Sharma, P., Singh, L., Dilbaghi, N., 2009. Optimization of process variables for
decolorization of Disperse Yellow 211 by Bacillus subtilis using Box–Behnken design.
J. Hazard. Mater. 164, 1024 - 1029.
Shleev, S., Nikitina, O., Christenson, A., Reimann, C.T., Yaropolov, A.I., Ruzgas, T., Gorton,
L., 2007. Characterization of two new multiforms of Trametes pubescens laccase.
Bioorg. Chem. 35, 35 - 49.
Shleev, S., Tkac, J., Christenson, A., Ruzgas, T., Yaropolov, A.I., Whittaker, J.W., Gorton,
L., 2005. Direct electron transfer between copper-containing proteins and electrodes.
Biosens. Bioelectr. 20, 2517 - 2554.
Sjostrom, E., 1993. Wood chemistry: Fundamentals and Applications, Academic Press., San
Diego, USA. pp. 293.

Bibliography
Skalova, T., Duskova, J., Hasek, J., Stepankova, A., Koval, T., Ostergaard, L.H., Dohnalek,
J., 2011. Structure of laccase from Streptomyces coelicolor after soaking with
potassium hexacyanoferrate and at an improved resolution of 2.3 Å. Acta. Crystallogr.
Sect. F Struct. Biol .Cryst. Commun. 67, 27 - 32.
Snajdr, J., Baldrian, P., 2007. Temperature affects the production, activity and stability of
ligninolytic enzymes in Pleurotus ostreatus and Trametes versicolor. Folia Microbiol
(Praha). 52, 498 - 502.
Soares, G.M., Costa-Ferreira, M., Pessoa de Amorim, M.T., 2001a. Decolorization of an
anthraquinone-type dye using a laccase formulation. Bioresour. Technol. 79, 171 - 177.
Soares, G.M.B., de Amorim, M.T.P., Ferreira, M.C., 2001b. Use of laccase together with
redox mediators to decolourize Remazol Brilliant Blue R. J. Biotechnol. 89, 123 - 129.
Soden, D.M., Dobson, A.D., 2001. Differential regulation of laccase gene expression in
Pleurotus sajor-caju. Microbiology 147, 1755 - 1763.
Soden, D.M., O’Callaghan, J., Dobson, A.D.W., 2002. Molecular cloning of a laccase
isozyme gene from Pleurotus sajor-caju and expression in the heterologous Pichia
pastoris host. Microbiology 148, 4003 - 4014.
Solis-oba, M., Almendariz, J., Vieiegra Gonzalez, G., 2008. Biotechnological treatment for
colorless denim and textile wastewater treatment with laccase and ABTS. Rev. Int.
Contam. Ambient. 24, 5 - 11.
Somero, G.N., 2004. Adaptation of enzymes to temperatures: searching for basic “strategies".
Comp. Biochem. Physiol. Part B. 139, 312 - 333.
Sreenivas Rao, R., Prakasham, R.S., Krishna Prasad, K., Rajesham, S., Sarma, P.N.,
Venkateswar Rao, L., 2003. Xylitol production by Candida sp.: parameter optimization
using Taguchi approach. Proccess Biochem. 39, 951 - 956.
Stajic, M., Kukavica, B., Vukojevic, J., Simonic, J., Jovanovic, S.V., Lausevic, S.D., 2010.
Wheat straw conversion by enzymatic system of Ganoderma lucidum. Bio Resources
5, 2362 - 2373.
Stajic, M., Persky, L., Friesem, D., Hadar, Y., Wasser, S.P., Nevo, E., Vukojevi, J., 2006.
Effect of different carbon and nitrogen sources on laccase and peroxidases production
by selected Pleurotus species. Enzyme Microb. Tech. 38, 65 - 73.
Steevensz, A., Al-Ansari, M.M., Taylor, K.E., Bewtra, J.K., Biswas, N., 2009. Comparison of
soybean peroxidase with laccase in the removal of phenol from synthetic and refinery
wastewater samples. J. Chem. Tech. Biotechnol. 84, 761 - 769.

Bibliography
Steffensen, C.L., Stensballe, A., Kidmose, U., Degn, P.E., Andersen, M.L., Nielsen, J.H.,
2009. Modifications of amino acids during ferulic acid-mediated, laccase-catalysed
cross-linking of peptides. Free Radic. Res. 43, 1167 - 1178.
Stoj, C., Kosman, D.J., 2003. Cuprous oxidase activity of yeast Fet3p and human
ceruloplasmin: implication for function. FEBS Lett. 554, 422 - 426.
Sudheer Kumar, Y., Varakumar, S., Reddy, O.V.S., 2010. Production and optimization of
polygalacturonase from mango (Mangifera indica L.) peel using Fusarium moniliforme
in solid state fermentation. World J. Microb. Biot. 26, 1973 - 1978.
Sugita, T., Nishikawa, A., 2003. Fungal identification method based on DNA sequence
analysis: Reassessment of the methods of the pharmaceutical society of japan and the
Japanese pharmacopoeia. J. Health. Sci. 49, 531 - 533.
Susla, M., Novotny, C., Svobodova, K., 2007. The implication of Dichomitus squalens
laccase isoenzymes in dye decolorization by immobilized fungal cultures. Bioresour.
Technol. 98, 2109-2115.
Suurnakki, A., Tenkanen, M., Buchert, J., Viikari, L., 1997. Hemicellulases in the bleaching
of chemical pulps. Adv. Biochem. Eng. Biotechnol. 57, 262 - 287.
Suwannawong, P., Khammuang, S., Sarnthima R., 2010. Decolorization of rhodamine B and
Congo Red by partial purified laccase from Lentinus polychrous Lev. J. Biochem.
Tech. 3, 182 - 186.
Suzuki, T., Endo, K., Ito, M., Tsujibo, H., Miyamoto, K., Inamori, Y., 2003. A thermostable
laccase from Streptomyces lavendulae REN-7: purification, characterization, nucleotide
sequence and expression. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. 67, 2167 - 2175.
Taguchi, G., 1986. Introduction to quality engineering. Quality Resources, New York.
Tamboli, D.P., Kagalkar, A.N., Jadhav, M.U., Jadhav, J.P., Govindwar, S.P., 2010.
Production of polyhydroxyhexadecanoic acid by using waste biomass of
Sphingobacterium sp. ATM generated after degradation of textile dye Direct Red 5B.
Bioresour. Technol. 101, 2421 - 2427.
Tamura, K., Nei, M., Kumar, S., 2004. Prospects for inferring very large phylogenies by
using the neighbor-joining method. Proc. Nat. Aca. Sci. (USA) 101, 11030 - 11035.
Tan, Y., Deng, W., Ge, B., Xie, Q., Huang, J., Yao, S., 2009. Biofuel cell and phenolic
biosensor based on acid-resistant laccase-glutaraldehyde functionalized chitosan-
multiwalled carbon nanotubes nanocomposite film. Biosens. Bioelectron. 24,
2225 - 2231.

Bibliography
Tan, Y., Deng, W., Li, Y., Huang, Z., Meng, Y., Xie, Q., Ma, M., Yao, S., 2010. Polymeric
bionanocomposite cast thin films with in situ laccase-catalyzed polymerization of dopamine
for biosensing and biofuel cell applications. J. Phys. Chem. B. 114, 5016 - 5024.
Tavares, A.P., Coelho, M.A., Agapito, M.S., Coutinho, J.A., Xavier, A.M., 2006.
Optimization and modeling of laccase production by Trametes versicolor in a
bioreactor using statistical experimental design. Appl. Biochem. Biotech. 134,
233 - 248.
Tavares, A.P.M., Coelho, M.A.Z., Coutinho, J.A.P., Xavier, A.M.R.B., 2005. Laccase
improvement in submerged cultivation: induced production and kinetic modeling.
Chem. Technol. Biotechnol. 80, 669 - 676.
Tavares, A.P.M., Cristovao, R.O., Loureiro, J.M., Boaventura, R.A.R., Macedo, E.A., 2008.
Optimization of reactive textile dyes degradation by laccase mediator system. J. Chem.
Technol. Biotechnol. 83, 1609 - 1615.
Tavares, A.P.M., Cristovao, R.O., Loureiro, J.M., Boaventura, R.A.R., Macedo, E.A., 2009.
Application of statistical experimental methodology to optimize reactive dye
decolourization by commercial laccase. J. Hazard. Mater. 162, 1255 - 1260.
Taylor, R.F., 1991. Protein immobilization: Fundamental and applications, Marcel Dekker
Inc., New York, USA.
Teerapatsakul, C., Bucke, C., Parra, R., Keshavarz, T., Chitradon, L., 2007. Dye
decolorisation by laccase entrapped in copper alginate. World J. Microb. Biot. 24,
1367 - 1374.
Tekere, M., Read, J.S., Mattiasson, B., 2007. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon biodegradation
by a subtropical white-rot fungus in packed bed and suspended carrier bioreactor
systems. Environ. Technol. 28, 683 - 691.
Telke, A.A., Joshi, S.M., Jadhav, S.U., Tamboli, D.P., Govindwar, S.P., 2010. Decolorization
and detoxification of Congo Red and textile industry effluent by an isolated bacterium
Pseudomonas sp. SU-EBT. Biodegradation. 21, 283 - 296.
Thiruchelvam, A.T., Ramsay, J.A., 2007. Growth and laccase production kinetics of Trametes
versicolor in a stirred tank reactor. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 74, 547 - 554.
Thompson, J.D., Higgins, D.G., Gibson, T.J., Clustal, W., 1994. Improving the sensitivity of
progressive multiple sequence alignment through sequence weighting, position-specific
gap penalties and weight matrix choice. Nucleic Acids Res. 22, 4673 - 4680.
Thurston, C.F., 1994. The structure and function of fungal laccases. Microbiology 140,
19 - 26.

Bibliography
Tien, M., Kirk, T.K., 1984. Lignin degrading enzyme from Phanerochaete chrysosporium:
purification, characterization and catalytic properties of a unique-H2O2-requiring
oxygenase. Proc. Nat. Aca. Sci. USA. 81, 2280 - 2284.
Tien, M., Kirk, T.K., 1988. Lignin peroxidase of Phaneorchaete chrysosporium. Method.
Enzymol. 161, 238 - 249.
Tinoco, R., Acevedo, A., Galindo, E., Carren, L.S., 2010. Increasing Pleurotus ostreatus
laccase production by culture medium optimization and copper/lignin synergistic
induction. J. Ind. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 38, 531 - 540.
Toribio, V.G., Garcia-Martin, A.B., Martinez, M.J., Martinez, A.T., Guillen, F., 2009.
Enhancing the production of hydroxyl radicals by Pleurotus eryngii via quinone redox
cycling for pollutant removal. Appl. Environ. Microb. 75, 3954 - 3962.
Torres, E., Jaimes, I.B., Borgne, S.L., 2003. Potential use of oxidative enzymes for the
detoxification of organic pollutants. Appl. Catal. B: Environ. 46, 1 - 15.
Trevan, M.D., Grover, S., 1979. Relationship of the enzymic activity of polyacrylamide-gel-
entrapped trypsin to pH [proceedings] Biochem. Soc .Trans. 7, 28 - 30.
Trupkin, S., Levin, L., Forchiassin, F., Viale, A., 2003. Optimization of a culture medium for
ligninolytic enzyme production and synthetic dye decolorization using response surface
methodology. J. Ind. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 30, 682 - 690.
Turner, W.B., Aldridge, D.C., 1983. Secondary metabolites derived from amino acids. In
fungal metabolites, Turner, W.B., Aldridge, D.C., (Eds.), Academic Press, London.
Tychanowicz, G.K., Zilly, A., Souza, C.G.M., Peralta, R.M., 2004. Decolourisation of
industrial dyes by solid state cultures of Pleurotus pulmonarius. Proccess Biochem. 39,
855 - 859.
Tzanov, T., Basto, C., Gubitz, G.M., Paulo, A.C., 2003. Laccases to improve the whiteness in
a conventional bleaching of cotton. Macromol. Mater. Eng. 288, 807 - 810.
Uthandi, S., Saad, B., Humbard, M.A., Maupin-Furlow, J.A., 2010. LccA, an archaeal laccase
secreted as a highly stable glycoprotein into the extracellular medium by Haloferax
volcanii. Appl. Environ. Microb. 76, 733 - 743.
Uyama, H., Kobayashi, S., 2002. Enzyme-catalyzed polymerization to functional polymers.
J. Mol. Catal. B:Enzym. 19-20, 117 - 127.
Uzan, E., Portet, B., Lubrano, C., Milesi, S., Favel, A., Meessen, L.L., Lomascolo, A., 2011.
Pycnoporus laccase-mediated bioconversion of rutin to oligomers suitable for
biotechnology applications. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 90, 97 - 105.

Bibliography
Valeriano, V.S., Silva, A.M.F., Santiago, M.F., Bara, M.T.F., Garcia, T.A., 2009. Production
of laccase by Pycnoporus sanguineus using 2,5-xylidine and ethanol. Braz. J.
Microbiol. 40, 790 - 794.
Valls, C., Roncero, M.B., 2009. Using both xylanase and laccase enzymes for pulp bleaching.
Bioresour. Technol. 100, 2032 - 2039.
Valls, C., Vidal, T., Roncero, M.B., 2010. Boosting the effect of a laccase-mediator system by
using a xylanase stage in pulp bleaching. J. Hazard. Mater. 177, 586 - 592.
Vasudev, K., Dhawan, S., Kapoor, R.K., Kuhad, R.C., 2005. Biochemical characterization
and molecular evidence of a laccase from the birds nest fungus Cyanthus bulleri.
Fungal Genet. Biol. 42, 684 - 693.
Venkata Dasu, V., Panda, T., Chidambaram, M., 2003. Determination of significant
parameters for improved griseofulvin production in a batch bioreactor by Taguchi’s
method. Process Biochem. 38, 877 - 880.
Venkata Mohan, S., Chandrasekhara Rao, N., Krishna Prasad, K., Muralikrishna, P.,
Sreenivas Rao, R., Sarma, P.N., 2005. Anaerobic treatment of complex chemical
wastewater in sequencing batch biofilm reactor: Process optimization and evaluation of
factor interactions using Taguchi Dynamic DOE Methodology. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 90,
732 - 745.
Venkatadri, R., Irvine, R.L., 1990. Effect of agitation on ligninase production by
Phanerochaete chrysosporium. Appl. Environ. Microb. 56, 2684 - 2691.
Verma, A.K., Raghukumar, C., Verma, P., Shouche, Y.S., Naik, C.G., 2010. Four marine-
derived fungi for bioremediation of raw textile mill effluents. Biodegradation 21,
217 - 233.
Vikineswary, S., Abdullah, N., Renuvathani, M., Sekaran, M., Pandey, A., Jones, E.B., 2006.
Productivity of laccase in solid substrate fermentation of selected agro-residues by
Pycnoporus sanguineus. Bioresour. Technol. 97, 171 - 177.
Viswanath, B., Subhosh Chandra, M., Pallavi, H., Rajasekhar Reddy, B., 2008. Screening and
assessment of laccase producing fungi isolated from different environmental samples.
Afri. J. Biotechnol. 7, 1129 - 1133.
Walden, C.C., Howard, T.E., 1997. Toxicity of pulp and paper mill effluents. Tappi. 60, 122.
Walsh, G., Headon, D., 1994. Protein biotechnol. Chicester, UK, Wiley.
Wan, Y.Y., Lu, R., Akiyama, K., Okamoto, K., Honda, T., Du, Y.M., Yoshida, T.,
Miyakoshi, T., Knill, C.J., Kennedy, J.F., 2010. Effects of lacquer polysaccharides,
glycoproteins and isoenzymes on the activity of free and immobilised laccase from
Rhus vernicifera. Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 47, 76 - 81.

Bibliography
Wang, C., Zhao, M., Li, D., Cui, D., Lu, L., Wei, X., 2010a. Isolation and characterization of
a novel Bacillus subtilis WD23 exhibiting laccase activity from forest soil. Afri. J.
Biotechnol. 9, 5496 - 5502.
Wang, H.X., Ng, T.B., 2006. Purification of a laccase from fruiting bodies of the mushroom
Pleurotus eryngii. Appl. Microbiol. Biot. 69, 521 - 525.
Wang, L., Ridgway, D., Gu, T., Young, M.M., 2005. Bioprocessing strategies to improve
heterologous protein production in filamentous fungal fermentations. Biotechnol.
Adv. 23, 115 - 129.
Wang, P., Fan, X., Cui, L., Wang, Q., Zhou, A., 2008. Decolorization of reactive dyes by
laccase immobilized in alginate/gelatin blent with PEG. J. Environ. Sci. (China). 20,
1519 - 1522.
Wang, Z., Cai, Y., Liao, X., Zhang, F., Zhang, D., Li, Z., 2010b. Production and
characterization of a novel laccase with cold adaptation and high thermal stability from
an isolated fungus. Appl. Biochem. Biotech. 162, 280 - 294.
Warman, P.R., 1999. Evaluation of seed germination and growth tests for assessing compost
maturity. Compost Sci. Util. 3, 33 - 37.
Watkinson, S.C., Carlile, M.C., Gooday, G.W., 2000. The fungi. Academic Press Limited,
London, U.K.
Weenink, X.O., Punt, P.J., van den Hondel, M.J.J., Ram, A.F.J., 2006. A new method for
screening and isolation of hypersecretion mutants in Aspergillus niger. Appl.
Microbiol. Biot. 69, 711 - 717.
Wesenberg, D., Kyriakides, I., Agathos, S.N., 2003. White-rot fungi and their enzymes for the
treatment of industrial dye effluents. Biotechnol. Adv. 22, 161 - 187.
Whitaker, A., Long, P.A., 1973. Fungal pelleting. Proccess Biochem. 8, 27 - 31.
White, T.J., Bruns, T., Lee, S., Taylor, J., 1990. Amplification and direct sequencing of
fungal ribosomal RNA genes for phylogenetics. In PCR protocols, a guide to methods
and applications, Gelfand, D.H., Sninsky, J.J., White, T.J. (Eds.), Innis, M.A.,
Academic Press, San Diego. pp. 315 - 322.
Wong, J.H., Ng, T.B., Jiang, Y., Liu, F., Sze, S.C., Zhang, K.Y., 2010. Purification and
characterization of a laccase with inhibitory activity toward HIV-1 reverse transcriptase
and tumor cells from an edible mushroom (Pleurotus cornucopiae). Protein Pept. Lett.
17, 1040 - 1047.
Wong, Y., Yu, J., 1999. Laccase catalysed decolorization of synthetic dyes. Water Res. 33,
3512 - 3520.

Bibliography
Xavier, A.M.R.B., Tavares, A.P.M., Ferreira, R., Amada, F., 2007. Trametes versicolor
growth and laccase induction by byproducts of pulp and paper industry. Electronic J.
Biotechnol. 10, 0717 - 3458.
Xiao, Y.Z., Chen, Q., Hang, J., Shi, Y.Y., Xiao, Y.Z., Wu, J., Hong, Y.Z., Wang, Y.P., 2004.
Selective induction, purification and characterization of a laccase isozyme from the
basidiomycete Trametes sp. AH28-2. Mycologia 96, 26 - 35.
Xu, F., 1996. Oxidation of phenols, anilines and benzenethiols by fungal laccases: Correlation
between activity and redox potentials as well as halide inhibition. Biochemistry 35,
7608 - 7614.
Xu, F., Kulys, J.J., Duke, K., Li, K., Kristopaitis, K., Deussen, H.J., Abbate, E., Galinyte, V.,
Schneider, P., 2000. Redox chemistry in laccase catalyzed oxidation of N-hydroxy
compounds. Appl. Environ. Microb. 66, 2052 - 2056.
Xu, F., Shin, W., Brown, S.H., Wahleitner, J.A., Sundaram, U.M., Solomon, E.I., 1996. A
study of recombinant fungal laccases and bilirubin oxidase that exhibit significant
differences in redox potential, substrate specificity and stability. Biochim. Biophys.
Acta. 1292, 303 - 311.
Xu, Q., Mao, C., Liu, N.N., Zhu, J.J., Shen, J., 2006. Immobilization of horseradish
peroxidase on O-carboxymethylated chitosan/sol–gel matrix. React. Funct. Polymers
66, 863 - 870.
Yamanaka, R., Soares, C.F., Matheus, D.R., Machado, K.M.G., 2008. Lignolytic enzymes
produced by Trametes villosa CCB176 under different culture condition. Braz. J.
Microbiol. 39, 78 - 84.
Yang, Q., Zhan, H., Wang, S., Fu, S., Li, K., 2007. Bio-Modification of eucalyptus
chemithermo mechanical pulp with different white-rot fungi. Bio Resource 2,
682 - 692.
Yatsu, J., Asano, T., 2009. Cuticle laccase of the silkworm, Bombyx mori: purification, gene
identification and presence of its inactive precursor in the cuticle. Insect Biochem. Mol.
Biol. 39, 254 - 262.
Yaver, D.S., Xu, F., Golightly, E.J., Brown, K.M., Brown, S.H., Rey, M.W., Schneider, P.,
Halkier, T., Mondorf, K., Dalboge, H., 1996. Purification, characterization, molecular
cloning, and expression of two laccase genes from the white-rot basidiomycete
Trametes villosa. Appl. Envir. Microb. 62, 834 - 841.
Yoon, J., Fujii, S., Solomon, E.I., 2009. Geometric and electronic structure differences
between the type 3 copper sites of the multicopper oxidases and
hemocyanin/tyrosinase. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 106, 6585 - 6590.

Yoshida, H., 1883. Chemistry of lacquer (urushi). J. Chem. Soc. 43, 472 - 486.
Bibliography
Youn, H.D., Kim, K.J., Maeng, J.S., Han, Y.H., Jeong, I.B., Jeong, G., Kang, S.O., Hah,
Y.C., 1995. Single electron transfer by an extracellular laccase from the white-rot
fungus Pleurotus ostreatus. Microbiology 141, 393 - 398.
Zaks, A., 2001. Industrial biocatalysis. Curr. Opin. Chem. Biol. 5,130 - 136.
Zarei, M., Aminzadeh, S., Zolgharnein, H., Safahieh, A., Ghoroghi, A., Motallebi, A., Daliri,
M., Lotfi, A.S., 2010. Serratia marcescens B4A chitinase product optimization using
Taguchi approach. Iranian J. Biotechnol. 8, 252 - 262.
Zervakis, G.I., Moncalvo, J.M., Vilgalys, R., 2004. Molecular phylogeny, biogeography and
speciation of the mushroom species Pleurotus cystidiosus and allied taxa. Microbiology
150, 715 - 726.
Zhang, J., Yu, Y., Ren, J., Wang, B., 2010. Laccase immobilization on D380 macroporous
exchange resin by cross linking with glutaraldehyde. Adv. Mater. Res. 113 - 114,
2115 - 2118.
Zhang, M., Wu, F., Zhiyi, W., Xiao, Y., Gong, W., 2006. Characterization and decolorization
ability of a laccase from Panus rudis. Enzyme Microb. Tech. 39, 92 - 97.
Zhao, X.H., Lu, Y.P., Hardin, I., 2005. Determination of biodegradation products form
sulfonated dyes by Pleurotus ostreatus using capillary electrophoresis coupled with
mass spectrometry. Biotechnol. Lett. 27, 69 - 72.
Zhao, Y.C., Yi, X.Y., Zhang, M., Liu, L., Ma, W.J., 2010. Fundamental study of degradation
of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane in soil by laccase from white-rot fungi. Int. J.
Environ. Sci. Tech. 7, 359 - 366.
Zhao, Z.X., Qiao, M.Q., Yin, F., Shao, B., Wu, B.Y., Wang, Y.Y., Wang, X.S., Qin, X., Li,
S., Yu, L., Chen, Q., 2007. Amperometric glucose biosensor based on self-assembly
hydrophobin with high efficiency of enzyme utilization. Biosens. Bioelectron. 22,
3021 - 3027.
Zhou, Y., Deng, T., Pan, C., Chen, C., Mo, J., 2010. Purification of a laccase from fungus
combs in the nest of Odontotermes formosanus. Process Biochem. 45, 1052 - 1056.
Zille, A., Gornacka, B., Rehorek, A., Paul, A.C., 2005. Degradation of Azo dyes by Trametes
villosa laccase over long periods of oxidative conditions. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 71,
6711 - 6718.
Zilly, A., Souza, C.G.M., Barbosa-Tessmann, I.P., Peralta, R.M., 2002. Decolorization of
industrial dyes by a Brazilian strain of Pleurotus pulmonarius producing laccase as the
sole phenol oxidizing enzyme. Folia. Microbiol. 47, 273 - 277.