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From our brief discussions with some members of the group at Haro Bakke market centre we learned that: - These people were attracted to their present location because of the possibility of selling fuel wood and charcoal to Yaballo town and the earning potential from different labor services provided on market days. It is also difficult to get construction space, in the organized municipal towns, for the kind of shabby hats they temporarily establish to shelter themselves. - They had some support from the Red cross but are not in a position to be embraced by government assistance (such the safety net program) perhaps mainly because they do not belong to either urban or rural Kebele administrations. - They do not even think of going back to their original pastoral villages; their exposure and new skills rather induces them to fight for self-reliance. They reportedly prefer their current survival efforts to becoming a burden on their fellow Boranas in pastoral villages. - They indicated that people refer to them as “bukkatota” (the displaced) though they do not face any kind of discrimination from their fellow Boranas. Livelihood strategies: Drop-outs pursue different livelihood strategies. These include peri- urban farming (especially in Yabello area), firewood collection and charcoal making, supply of construction wood to towns, local alcohol making, passing contraband items (mainly in Moyale Wereda), petty trading, a variety of causal labor services. There are possible negative impacts of these activities such as the negative environmental implications of charcoal making and dryland farming. Drop-outs, on the other hand, supply cheap labor and trading services to urban areas and rural residents. Our KI at Dubuluk stressed that those who joined resettlement camps have rarely substantially improved their conditions. The drop-outs who encamped around Dubluk particularly have only a few of them improved their livelihoods. Some have rather been disappointed with their conditions at the market center and preferred to go back to their place of origin. The pastoral community rather welcomes disappointed returnees who decide to go back to the villages. It was also pointed out that people of improved wealth status rarely go back to their original villages because of the general shift in their livelihoods and 25
life styles. The drop-outs whose original conditions have improved rather stay in market centers but may invest on livestock kept with rural relatives. As often pointed out by our KI elders, a significant improvement in dropping out of pastoralism is the often observed fact of having a chance to send children to school. Box 1: The Derg settlement camps: the beginning Dubale was involved in the settlement program of dropouts in the 70s and 80s in Borana. He used to be a political cadre for Arero Awraja. He provided us with the following information. The dropouts who settled in Chollkassa came from pastoral areas of Yabello and Dire weredas. They moved out of the pastoral system due to drought. They lost all their animals. First they settled close to the centre of Yabello (
Page 1 and 2: CARE INTERNATIONAL IN ETHIOPIA PAST
Page 3 and 4: LIST OF TABLES Table 1. Household p
Page 6 and 7: INTRODUCTION Close to 60% of the la
Page 8 and 9: are opportunities to make it more s
Page 10 and 11: Sustainable livelihood approach Ass
Page 12 and 13: earnings, for seasons of peak labor
Page 14 and 15: BRIEF BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY WERED
Page 16 and 17: is also one of those Weredas in the
Page 18 and 19: OBJECTIVES The overall objectives o
Page 20 and 21: The established focused groups (FGs
Page 22 and 23: The purpose of the household survey
Page 24 and 25: has not yet lost its entire cadence
Page 28 and 29: - restocking - Resettle them back i
Page 30 and 31: The FGDs participants agreed that Q
Page 32 and 33: ecame qolle and decide to remain wi
Page 34 and 35: ashamed of him and try to disassoci
Page 36 and 37: incident. A wealthy person may lose
Page 38 and 39: food, shelter, clothing, education,
Page 40 and 41: The drop outs had very little skill
Page 42 and 43: Livestock holdings by the sampled h
Page 44 and 45: The decision to move is mainly trig
Page 46 and 47: Several factors emerged as the driv
Page 48 and 49: Table 9. Social and physical capita
Page 50 and 51: diversify their income sources, but
Page 52 and 53: Table 13. Cultivation Has your hous
Page 54 and 55: proportion of dropouts, Qolles, and
Page 56 and 57: developed not just for the future o
Page 58 and 59: demand, and also a type of capacity
Page 60 and 61: a broader and more comprehensive su

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