North East Atlantic Taxa - TMBL
North East Atlantic Taxa - TMBL
North East Atlantic Taxa - TMBL
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NEAT (<strong>North</strong> <strong>East</strong> <strong>Atlantic</strong> <strong>Taxa</strong>):<br />
Scandinavian marine Porifera<br />
(Spongiaria) Check-List<br />
compiled at <strong>TMBL</strong> (Tjärnö Marine<br />
Biological Laboratory) by:<br />
Hans G. Hansson 1988-11-25 / small revisions until November<br />
1994, when it for the first time was published on Internet. Again<br />
revised February 1996 (and still more June 1999) before it was<br />
republished as a pdf file.<br />
Citation suggested: Hansson, H.G. (Comp.), 1999. NEAT (<strong>North</strong> <strong>East</strong><br />
<strong>Atlantic</strong> <strong>Taxa</strong>): Scandinavian marine Porifera (Spongiaria) Check-<br />
List. Internet pdf Ed., June 1999. [http://www.tmbl.gu.se].<br />
Denotations: () = Genotype @ = Associated to * = General note<br />
N.B.: This is one of several preliminary check-lists, covering S.<br />
Scandinavian marine animal (and partly marine protoctist) taxa.<br />
Some financial support from (or via) NKMB (Nordiskt Kollegium för<br />
Marin Biologi), during the last years of the existence of this<br />
organisation (until 1993), is thankfully acknowledged. The primary<br />
purpose of these checklists is to facilitate for everyone, trying to<br />
identify organisms from the area, to know which species that earlier<br />
have been encountered there, or in neighbouring areas. A secondary<br />
purpose is to facilitate for non-experts to find as correct names as<br />
possible for organisms, including names of authors and years of<br />
description. So far these checklists are very preliminary. Due to<br />
restricted access to literature there are (some known, and probably<br />
many unknown) omissions in the lists. Certainly also several errors<br />
may be found, especially regarding taxa like Plathelminthes and<br />
Nematoda, where the experience of the compiler is very<br />
rudimentary. The credibility of some other lists, containing taxa like<br />
e.g. Porifera, where, at least in certain subtaxa, taxonomic confusion<br />
seems to prevail, is certainly also suboptimal so far.<br />
Sponge taxonomy still seem to be in need of much developing.<br />
Partly because of this, and chiefly because of an, in this field of zoosystematics,<br />
much inexperienced compiler, several nomanclatural<br />
additions, corrections, changings and synonymizations may be<br />
expected among the taxa treated in this context, if a trained<br />
spongiologist would care to bother about it. It would probably be<br />
possible to rearrange some of the main clades in a better way than<br />
is done here, but I have so far decided to await some more<br />
consensus among sponge workers.<br />
<strong>Taxa</strong> with known distributions altogether in the Mediterranean, or<br />
further south are usually not listed. This is chiefly true also for<br />
Arctic taxa, known only from areas north of N. Norway. With few<br />
exceptions only species living above abyssal depths have been listed.<br />
It is to some extent probable that some new taxa, described recently<br />
from the area, have been inadvertently omitted.<br />
N.B. This document is intended to be completely unavailable<br />
regarding nomenclature within the meaning of ICZN.<br />
PORIFERA Grant, in Todd,1836<br />
= SPONGIARIA Hatschek,1888<br />
* recognized by Sollas as Parazoa, an isolated branch of Metazoa.<br />
Corbitella J.E. Gray,1867<br />
Dictyaulus F.E. von Schulze,1895<br />
Dictyocalyx F.E. von Schulze,1886<br />
Heterotella J.E. Gray,1867<br />
Hertwigia O. Schmidt,1880<br />
Hyalostylus F.E. von Schulze,1886<br />
Regadrella O. Schmidt,1880<br />
Rhabdopectella O. Schmidt,1880<br />
Saccocalyx F.E. von Schulze,1895<br />
Trachycaulus F.E. von Schulze,1886<br />
Walteria F.E. von Schulze,1886<br />
Leucopsacadidae Ijima,1903<br />
= Leucopsacidae Ijima<br />
= Leucopsacasidae Ijima<br />
Leucopsacus Ijima,1898<br />
L. ingolfi Burton,1928<br />
off NE Greenland<br />
Caulocalyx F.E. von Schulze,1886<br />
Chaunangium F.E. von Schulze,1904<br />
Chaunoplectella Ijima,1896<br />
Placopegma F.E. von Schulze,1896<br />
Rossellidae Gray,1872<br />
Rossellinae Gray,1872<br />
Anoxycalyx Kirkpatrick,1907 ( A. ijimai Kirkpatrick,1907)<br />
A. laceratus Koltun,1967<br />
Greenloand Sea, Arctic basin<br />
Askonema Saville Kent,1870<br />
= Asconema O. Schmidt,1880<br />
A. setubalense Saville Kent,1870 ()<br />
E & NE Greenland, Denmark Strait, off Faeroes, between Faeroes & Iceland, off Portugal,<br />
Bay of Biscay, between Faeroes & Norway, off N Scotland, Azores<br />
Rossella Carter,1872 ( Rossella antarctica Carter,1872)<br />
R. mortenseni Burton,1928<br />
off W Faeroes, off S Iceland<br />
Schaudinnia F.E. von Schulze,1900<br />
S. rosea (Fristedt,1887) ()<br />
= S. arctica F.E. von Schulze,1899 & 1900<br />
E Greenland, off N Spitsbergen<br />
Scyphidium F.E. von Schulze,1900<br />
S. septentrionale F.E. von Schulze,1900 ()<br />
Spitsbergen area<br />
Trichasterina F.E. von Schulze,1900<br />
T. borealis F.E. von Schulze,1900 ()<br />
Spitsbergen, off NE Greenland, off SE Iceland<br />
HEXACTINELLIDA O. Schmidt<br />
= TRIAXONIDA Anaulosoma Kirkpatrick,1907<br />
= SYMPLASMA<br />
= HYALOSPONGIAE<br />
Aphorme F.E. von Schulze,1899<br />
Aulochone F.E. von Schulze,1886<br />
HEXASTEROPHORA F.E. von Schulze<br />
Aulorossella Kirkpatrick,1907 ( Aulorossella levis Kirkpatrick,1907)<br />
LYSSACINOSIDA Zittel (Hartman,1982)<br />
Aulosaccus Ijima,1896<br />
Caulophacidae F.E. von Schulze,1886<br />
Bathydorus F.E. von Schulze,1886 ( Bathydorus fimbriatus F.E. von Schulze,1886)<br />
Caulophacus F.E. von Schulze,1886 ( C. latus F.E. von Schulze,1886)<br />
Crateromorpha Gray,1872<br />
C. arcticus (Armauer Hansen,1885)<br />
Stavangerfjord, Norwegian Sea, abyssal Arctic<br />
Gymnorossella Topsent,1916<br />
Caulodiscus Ijima,1927 ( Caulophacus lotifolium Ijima,1903)<br />
Caulophacella von Lendenfeld,1915<br />
Sympagella O. Schmidt,1870<br />
Euplectellidae J.E. Gray,1867<br />
Euplectellinae J.E. Gray,1867<br />
Euplectella Owen,1841 ( E. aspergillum Owen,1841)<br />
E. suberea Wyville Thomson,1877<br />
off N Scotland, off SW Iceland, Biscay, off Azores<br />
Acoelocalyx Topsent,1910<br />
Docosaccus Topsent,1910<br />
Holascella von Lendenfeld,1915<br />
Holascus F.E. von Schulze,1886 ( Holascus stellatus F.E. von Schulze,1886)<br />
Malacosaccus F.E. von Schulze,1886<br />
Corbitellinae Ijima,1903<br />
Bolosoma Ijima,1903<br />
Hyalascus Ijima,1896<br />
Scolymastra Topsent,1916 ( Scolymastra joubini Topsent,1916)<br />
Vitrollula Ijima,1898<br />
Acanthascinae F.E. von Schulze,1897<br />
Rhabdocalyptus F.E. von Schulze,1886 ( R. mollis F.E. von Schulze,1886)<br />
R. arcticus Brøndsted,1916<br />
NE Greenland<br />
Acanthascus F.E. von Schulze,1886<br />
Staurocalyptus Ijima,1897<br />
Lanuginellinae F.E. von Schulze,1897<br />
Mellonympha F.E. von Schulze,1897<br />
M. velata (Thomson,1873) ()<br />
Norwegian Sea<br />
Calycosoma F.E. von Schulze,1899<br />
Lanuginella O. Schmidt,1869<br />
Lanugonychia von Lendenfeld,1915<br />
1
Lophocalyx F.E. von Schulze,1887 = Cyliconema Ijima,1927<br />
= Euhyalonema Ijima,1927<br />
HEXACTINOSIDA = Leptonema von Lendenfeld,1915<br />
= DICTYONIDA Zittel = Pteronema Ijima,1927<br />
= Paradisconema Ijima,1927<br />
Farreidae Gray,1872 = Thamnonema Ijima,1927<br />
= Phialonema von Lendenfeld,1915;<br />
Farrea Bowerbank,1862 = Prionema von Lendenfeld,1915<br />
= Corynonema Ijima,1927<br />
F. occa Bowerbank,1862 () = Onconema Ijima,1927<br />
off SW Iceland = Oonema von Lendenfeld, 1915<br />
Claviscopulia F.E. von Schulze,1899 H. kentii (O. Schmidt,1880)<br />
off SW Iceland<br />
Lonchiphora Ijima,1927<br />
Chalaronema Ijima,1927<br />
Sarostegia Topsent,1904<br />
Compsocalyx F.E. von Schulze,1904<br />
Aphrocallistidae J.E. Gray,1867<br />
Lophophysema F.E. von Schulze,1904<br />
Aphrocallistes Gray,1858 ( A. beatrix Gray,1858)<br />
Pheronematidae Gray,1870<br />
A. beatrix Gray,1858 bocagei Wright,1870 = Semperellidae F.E. von Schulze<br />
off S & SW Iceland, Denmark Strait<br />
Pheronema Leidy,1868<br />
Heterochone Ijima,1927 = Holtenia Wyville Thomsom, 1869<br />
Euretidae Zittel,1877 P. carpenteri (Thomson,1869)<br />
= Holtenia carpenteri Thomson,1869<br />
Bathyxiphus F.E. von Schulze,1899 ( Bathyxiphus subtulis F.E. von Schulze,1899) = P. grayi (Saville Kent,1870)<br />
off S & SW Faeroes, off SW Iceland, Porcupine Seabight, Portugal<br />
Chonelasma F.E. von Schulze,1886 ( Chonelasma lamella F.E. von Schulze,1886)<br />
Platylistrum F.E. von Schulze,1904<br />
Conorete Ijima,1927<br />
Poliopogon Thomson,1873<br />
Eurete Semper,1868<br />
Schulzeviella Tabachnick,1990<br />
Gymnorete Ijima,1927<br />
Semperella Gray,1868<br />
Heterorete Dendy,1916<br />
Sericolophus Ijima,1898<br />
Iphiteon Bowerbank,1869<br />
Monorhaphididae Ijima,1927<br />
Lefroyella Thomson,1877<br />
Monoraphis F.E. von Schulze,1904<br />
Margaritella O. Schmidt,1880<br />
CELLULARIA Reiswig & Mackie,1983<br />
Myliusia Gray,1859<br />
Pararete Ijima,1927<br />
CALCAREA Bowerbank,1864<br />
(In this group most old species have been lumped into a few "superspecies" by Burton,<br />
Periphragella Marshall,1875<br />
1963 in a work, wich is most valuable as a compilation of what was known regarding the<br />
group up to date of publishing, but his lumping is, as a rule, not followed by succeding<br />
Pleurochorium Schrammen,1910<br />
collegues dealing with this taxon)<br />
Ptychodesia Schrammen, 1910<br />
Craticulariidae Rauff,1893<br />
= Laocoetidae Pomel<br />
Laocoetis Pomel,1872<br />
= Leptophragmella Reid,1963<br />
Tretodictyidae F.E. von Schulze,1886<br />
Anomochone Ijima,1927<br />
Auloplax F.E. von Schulze,1904<br />
Cyrtaulon F.E. von Schulze,1887<br />
Hexactinella Carter,1885<br />
H. grimaldii Topsent,1890<br />
off SW Faeroes, off SE & SW Iceland, off S Greenland<br />
Psilocalyx Ijima,1927<br />
Sclerothamnopsis Wilson,1904<br />
Sclerothamnus Marshall,1875<br />
Tretocalyx F.E. von Schulze,1900<br />
Tretodictyum F.E. von Schulze,1886<br />
Tretorete Ijima,1927<br />
Aulocalycidae Ijima,1927<br />
Aulocalyx F.E. von Schulze,1886<br />
Euryplegma F.E. von Schulze,1886<br />
Fieldingia Saville Kent,1870<br />
Rhabdodictyum O. Schmidt,1880<br />
Tretopleura Ijima,1927<br />
LYCHNISCOSIDA<br />
Aulocystidae F.E. von Schulze,1886<br />
= Dipleuridae Ijima<br />
Neoaulocystis Rezvoy, Zhuravleva & Koltun,1962<br />
= Aulocystis F.E. von Schulze,1886<br />
Diapleura Ijima,1927<br />
Dactylocalycidae J.E. Gray,1867<br />
Dactylocalyx Stutchbury,1841<br />
AMPHIDISCOPHORA F.E. von Schulze<br />
AMPHIDISCOSIDA Hartman,19??<br />
Hyalonematidae Gray,1857<br />
Hyalonema Gray,1832 ( H. sieboldi Gray,1835)<br />
= Coscinonema Ijima,1927<br />
CALCINEA Bidder<br />
CLATHRINIDA Hartman<br />
Clathrinidae Minchin,1900<br />
Clathrina J.E. Gray,1867<br />
= Ascetta Haeckel,1872<br />
= Ascaltis Haeckel,1872<br />
= Leucopsis von Lendenfeld,1885<br />
* Rapp will describe 2 new species from the Trondheimsfjord during 1999-2000.<br />
C. coriacea (Montagu,1818)<br />
= Spongia coriacea Montagu,1814<br />
Gullmarfjord, Koster Channel, Singlefjord, all Norway, Spitsbergen, Netherlands, Ireland,<br />
Shetlands, Faeroes, Iceland, Jan Mayen, E & NE Greenland, Azores<br />
C. clathrus (O. Schmidt,1864)<br />
= Grantia clathrus O. Schmidt,1864 ()<br />
* Named form of Clathrina coriacea sensu Burton,1963<br />
British Isles<br />
C. contorta Bowerbank,1866<br />
* Named form of Clathrina coriacea sensu Burton,1963<br />
British Isles, Ireland, <strong>Atlantic</strong> coasts of Europe, off W Bretagne (rather deep water)<br />
C. ascandroides Borojevic,1971<br />
off W Bretagne (rather deep water)<br />
C. biscayae Borojevic & Boury-Esnault,1987<br />
off W Bretagne (rather deep water)<br />
C. olynthus Borojevic & Boury-Esnault,1987<br />
off W Bretagne (rather deep water)<br />
C. primordialis (Haeckel,1870)<br />
= Ascetta primordialis Haeckel,1870<br />
* Named form of Clathrina coriacea sensu Burton,1963<br />
Norway, Spitsbergen, White Sea, British Isles, Faeroes, <strong>Atlantic</strong> coasts of Europe<br />
C. reticulum (O. Schmidt,1862)<br />
Arctic, off W Bretagne (rather deep water), Mediterranean<br />
Guancha de Miklukho-Maklay,1868<br />
G. blanca de Miklukho-Maklay,1868 ()<br />
= Ascetta blanca : Auctt.<br />
= Ascetta macleayi von Lendenfeld,1885<br />
* Named form of Clathrina coriacea sensu Burton,1963<br />
Singlefj., Säcken, Kattegatt, off W Bretagne (rather deep water), abyssal Arctic bassin<br />
G. lacunosa (Bean, in Johnston,1842)<br />
= Ascandra angulata von Lendenfeld,1892<br />
* Named form of Clathrina coriacea sensu Burton,1963<br />
Egersund - Bergen area, British Isles, Ireland, <strong>Atlantic</strong> coasts of Europe, Arctic, off W<br />
Bretagne (rather deep water), Adriatic<br />
Leucettidae De Laubenfels,1936<br />
Leucetta Haeckel,1872 ( Leucetta primigenia Haeckel,1872)<br />
= Sycothamnus Haeckel,1872<br />
= Teichonella Carter,1878<br />
* Not in the area<br />
Pericharax Poléjaeff,1884 ( Pericharax heteroraphis Poléajeff,1884)<br />
P. polejaevi Breitfuss,1896<br />
2
Murmansk area, Spitsbergen, Franz Josef Land = Clistolynthaltis Haeckel,1872<br />
= Clistolynthandra Haeckel,1872<br />
Leucaltidae Dendy & Row,1913<br />
= Clistolynthetta Haeckel,1872<br />
= Clistolynthilla Haeckel,1872<br />
Leucaltis Haeckel,1872 ( Leucaltis clathria Haeckel,1872)<br />
= Soleniscetta Haeckel,1872<br />
= Leucaltusa Haeckel,1872 = Soleniscilla Haeckel,1872<br />
= Artynaltis Haeckel,1872 = Soleniscyssa Haeckel,1872<br />
= Heteropegma Poléjaeff,1884 = Solenicaltis Haeckel,1872<br />
L. impressa Hanitsch,1890<br />
= Leucandra cliarensis Stephens,1912<br />
* Named form of Ute ensata sensu Burton,1963<br />
NW England, Ireland<br />
= Solenicortis Haeckel,1872<br />
= Soleniculmis Haeckel,1872<br />
= Soleniscandra Haeckel,1872<br />
= Solenidandra Haeckel,1872<br />
= Solenulandra Haeckel,1872<br />
= Solenuletta Haeckel,1872<br />
Leuclathrina Borojevic & Boury-Esnault,1987 = Nardoraltis Haeckel,1872<br />
= Nardorandra Haeckel,1872<br />
L. asconoides Borojevic & Boury-Esnault,1987 () = Nardoretta Haeckel,1872<br />
off W Bretagne (rather deep water) = Nardorilla Haeckel,1872<br />
= Nardorortis Haeckel,1872<br />
Leucettusa Haeckel,1872 ( Leucetta corticata Haeckel,1872) = Nardomandrum Haeckel,1872<br />
= Nardopsandra Haeckel,1872<br />
Ascandra Haeckel,1872 ( Ascandra falcata Haeckel,1872) = Nardopsetta Haeckel,1872<br />
= Nardopsortis Haeckel,1872<br />
Leucascidae Dendy,1893 = Tarraltis Haeckel,1872<br />
= Tarrandra Haeckel,1872<br />
Aulorrhiza Haeckel,1869 = Tarretta Haeckel,1872<br />
= Ascaltis Haeckel,1872 (p.p.) = Tarrilla Haeckel,1872<br />
= Ascoleucetta Dendy & Frederick,1924 = Tarromandra Haeckel,1872<br />
= Tarropsandra Haeckel,1872<br />
A. lamarcki (Haeckel,1869) = Tarropsetta Haeckel,1872<br />
= Leucosolenia lamarckii Haeckel,1869 = Auloplegmaltis Haeckel,1872<br />
= Aulorrhiza intestinalis Haeckel,1869 () = Auloplegmetta Haeckel,1872<br />
Vardø, off W Bretagne (rather deep water) = Auloplegmilla Haeckel,1872<br />
= Auloplegmandra Haeckel,1872<br />
Leucascus Dendy,1893 ( Leucascus simplex Dendy,1892) = Auloplegmortis Haeckel,1872<br />
= Ascaltometra Haeckel,1872<br />
Levinellidae Borojevic & Boury-Esnault,1986 = Ascandrometra Haeckel,1872<br />
= Ascettometra Haeckel,1872<br />
Levinella Borojevic & Boury-Esnault,1986 = Homandra von Lendenfeld,1891<br />
= Nardoris Delage,1899<br />
L. thalassae Borojevic & Boury-Esnault,1986 () = Aulorhiza Dendy & Row,1913<br />
off W Bretagne (rather deep water)<br />
Burtonulla Borojevic & Boury-Esnault,1986 ( Burtonulla sibogae Borojevic &<br />
Boury-Esnault,1986)<br />
Soleniscidae Borojevic, Boury-Esnault & Vacelet,1990<br />
L. botryoides (Ellis & Solander,1786)<br />
= Spongia botryoides Ellis & Solander,1786 ()<br />
Baltic, Isefjord, Gullmarfjord, Väderö-Koster Channel system (e.g. Klinken), all Norway,<br />
Netherlands, British Isles, Faeroes, Ireland<br />
L. canariensis (Miklukho-Maklaj,1868)<br />
Soleniscus Haeckel,1870 ( Leucosolenia stolonifer Dendy,1891) = Nardoa canariensis Miklukho-Maklaj,1868<br />
= Leucosolenia nanseni Breitfuss,1898<br />
Dendya Bidder,1898 ( Clathrina tripodifera Carter,1886) Spitsbergen<br />
MURRAYONIDA<br />
L. complicata (Montagu,1818)<br />
= Spongia complicata Montagu,1818<br />
Murrayonidae Kirkpatrick,1910 = Leucosolenia fabricii O. Schmidt,1869<br />
= Asculmis armata Haeckel,1872<br />
Murrayona Kirkpatrick,1910 ( Murrayona phanolepis Kirkpatrick,1910) = Ascandra pinus Haeckel,1872<br />
* Named form of Leucosolenia botryoides sensu Burton,1963<br />
Paramurrayonidae Vacelet,1967<br />
Baltic-Öresund-Isefjord-Kattegatt-Bohuslän (e.g. Klinken), all Norway, Spitsbergen,<br />
British Isles, Ireland, Iceland<br />
Paramurrayona Vacelet,1967 ( Paramurrayona corticata Vacelet,1967)<br />
Lelapiellidae Borojevic, Boury-Esnault & Vacelet,1990<br />
Lelapiella Vacelet,1977 ( Lelapiella incrustans Vacelet,1977)<br />
CALCARONEA Bidder<br />
LEUCOSOLENIIDA Hartman<br />
Leucosoleniidae Minchin,1898<br />
Leucosolenia Bowerbank,1861<br />
= Nardosa Wright,1868<br />
= Olynthium Haeckel,1870<br />
= Olynthus Haeckel,1870<br />
= Prosycum Haeckel,1870<br />
= Leucaria Haeckel,1870<br />
= Leucelia Haeckel,1870<br />
= Leuceria Haeckel,1870<br />
= Leucilia Haeckel,1870<br />
= Leuciria Haeckel,1870<br />
= Leucoria Haeckel,1870<br />
= Tarroma Haeckel,1870<br />
= Tarrus Haeckel,1870<br />
= Nardopsis Haeckel,1870<br />
= Clystolynthus Haeckel,1870<br />
= Sycorrhiza Haeckel,1870<br />
= Auloplegma Haeckel,1870<br />
= Thecometra Haeckel,1870<br />
= Ascettaga Haeckel,1872<br />
= Ascettopa Haeckel,1872<br />
= Ascettusa Haeckel,1872<br />
= Ascometra Haeckel,1872<br />
= Nardorus Haeckel,1872<br />
= Solenula Haeckel,1872<br />
= Tarropsis Haeckel,1872<br />
= Ascilla Haeckel,1872<br />
= Ascillaga Haeckel,1872<br />
= Ascillopa Haeckel,1872<br />
= Ascaltaga Haeckel,1872<br />
= Ascaltopa Haeckel,1872<br />
= Ascuris Haeckel, 1872<br />
= Ascortaga Haeckel,1872<br />
= Ascortopa Haeckel,1872<br />
= Ascortusa Haeckel,1872<br />
= Asculmis Haeckel,1872<br />
= Ascandraga Haeckel,1872<br />
= Ascandropa Haeckel,1872<br />
= Olynthella Haeckel,1872<br />
= Nardoma Haeckel,1872<br />
= Solenidium Haeckel,1872<br />
= Olynthaltus Haeckel,1872<br />
= Olynthandrus Haeckel,1872<br />
= Olynthettus Haeckel,1872<br />
= Olynthortus Haeckel,1872<br />
= Olynthillus Haeckel,1872<br />
= Olynthulmus Haeckel,1872<br />
= Olynthandrium Haeckel,1872<br />
= Olynthandra Haeckel,1872<br />
= Olynthelletta Haeckel,1872<br />
= Clistolynthus Haeckel,1872<br />
L. complicata var. norvegica (Haeckel,1872)<br />
* Named form of Leucosolenia botryoides sensu Burton,1963<br />
Norway<br />
L. sagittaria (Haeckel,1872)<br />
* Named form of Clathrina coriacea sensu Burton,1963<br />
Öresund-Baltic, <strong>North</strong> Sea<br />
L. thamnoides Haeckel,1870<br />
= Ascortis fragilis Haeckel,1872<br />
* Named form of Leucosolenia botryoides sensu Burton,1963<br />
Bergen, Helgoland<br />
L. variabilis Haeckel,1870<br />
= Leucosolenia (Leuciria) variabilis Haeckel,1870<br />
= Sycorrhiza corallorhiza Haeckel,1870<br />
* Named form of Leucosolenia botryoides sensu Burton,1963<br />
Bergen, Gisø, British Isles, Ireland, Netherlands, <strong>Atlantic</strong> coasts of Europe, Spitsbergen, Jan<br />
Mayen, Arctic<br />
Ascute Dendy & Row,1913 ( Leucosolenia uteoides Dendy,1893)<br />
Ascyssa Haeckel,1872 ( Ascyssa acufera Haeckel,1872)<br />
SYCETTIDA Bidder<br />
Sycettidae Dendy,1892<br />
Scypha Gray,1821<br />
= Sycon Risso,1826<br />
= Calcispongia de Blainville,1830<br />
= Calcespongia de Lamarck,1836<br />
= Dunstervillia Bowerbank,1845<br />
= Coniasterium Ehrenberg,1861<br />
= Artynes J.E. Gray,1867<br />
= Syconella O. Schmidt,1868<br />
= Sycum Haeckel,1870<br />
= Artynella Haeckel,1870<br />
= Sycarium Haeckel,1870<br />
= Artynas Haeckel,1870<br />
= Sycodendrum Haeckel,1870<br />
= Sycidium Haeckel,1870<br />
= Artynium Haeckel,1870<br />
= Sycocystis Haeckel,1870<br />
= Artynophyllum Haeckel,1870<br />
= Sycophyllum Haeckel, 1870<br />
= Sycometra Haeckel,1870<br />
= Sycettopa Haeckel,1870<br />
= Sycettaga Haeckel,1870<br />
= Sycurus Haeckel,1870<br />
= Sycaltaga Haeckel,1870<br />
= Sycuraltis Haeckel,1870<br />
= Sycocarpus Haeckel,1870<br />
= Sycocerus Haeckel,1870<br />
= Sycocubus Haeckel,1870<br />
= Sycostrobus Haeckel,1870<br />
= Sycodorilla Haeckel,1870<br />
= Sycodoranna Haeckel,1870<br />
= Leukartea Miklukho-Maklaj in Haeckel,1872<br />
= Leucandropa Haeckel,1872<br />
= Sycuretta Haeckel,1872<br />
3
= Sycuranda Haeckel,1872<br />
= Sycurortis Haeckel,1872<br />
Singlefjord in 75m<br />
= Syconellortis Haeckel,1872 G. nitida (Arnesen,1901)<br />
= Sycortarium Haeckel,1872 = Ebnerella nitida Arnesen,1901<br />
= Sycandrarium Haeckel,1872 * Named form of Sycettusa glacialis sensu Burton,1963<br />
= Syconellandra Haeckel,1872<br />
= Syconcystandra Haeckel,1872<br />
Tromsø, Barents Sea<br />
= Sycocystortis Haeckel,1872 G. murmanensis (Breitfuss,1898)<br />
= Sycothamnandra Haeckel,1872 = Amphoriscus murmanensis Breitfuss,1898<br />
= Sycodenandrum Haeckel,1872 * Named form of Sycettusa glacialis sensu Burton,1963<br />
= Sycinulandra Haeckel,1872<br />
= Sycandrophyllum Haeckel,1872<br />
Murmansk<br />
= Leucandrometra Haeckel,1872 G. lanceolata (Breitfuss,1898)<br />
= Sycandrometra Haeckel,1872 = Ebnerella lanceolata (Breitfuss,1898)<br />
= Sphenophorus Breitfuss,1898 * Named form of Sycettusa glacialis sensu Burton,1963<br />
= Sphenophorina Breitfuss,1898<br />
= Hozawaia de Laubenfels,1936<br />
Murmansk, White Sea<br />
= Homoderma von Lendenfeld,1885<br />
= Sycantha von Lendenfeld,1891<br />
Grantilla Dendy & Row,1913 ( Grantilla quadriradiata Row,1909)<br />
= Hypodictyon Jenkin,1908<br />
= Streptoconus Jenkin,1908<br />
Paraheteropia Borojevic,1966 ( Paraheteropia ijimai (Hozawa,1916) - Japan)<br />
= Tenthrenodes Jenkin,1908 Vosmaeropsis Dendy,1893 ( Heteropia macera Carter,1886)<br />
S. ciliata (O. Fabricius,1780)<br />
* The only recognized European sp. by Burton,1963<br />
Grantiidae Dendy,1892<br />
= Spongia ciliata O. Fabricius,1780<br />
Grantia Fleming,1828<br />
= Spongia coronata Ellis & Solander,1786<br />
= Sycortis Haeckel,1872<br />
= Scypha (Sycon) ciliata var. spinispiculum (Carter,1876)<br />
= Sycortusa Haeckel,1872<br />
Kattegatt, Gullmarford, Väderö-Koster Channel system in 8-100m, all Norway,<br />
= Vosmaeria von Lendenfeld,1885, non Fristedt,1885<br />
Spitsbergen, White Sea, Greenland, Faeroes, Shetlands, Ireland, British Isles, Faeroes,<br />
= Dermatreton Jenkin,1908<br />
Netherlands, Iceland, W Africa<br />
S. raphanus (O. Schmidt,1862)<br />
= Teichonopsis Dendy & Row,1913<br />
= Paragrantia Hozawa,1940<br />
= Sycon raphanus O. Schmidt,1862 G. arctica (Haeckel,1872)<br />
= Sycandra tergestina Haeckel,1872<br />
= Sycandra arctica Haeckel,1872<br />
* Named form of Scypha ciliata sensu Burton,1963<br />
Kattegatt, Väderö-Koster Channel system in 40-70m, Tromsø, Faeroes, E Greenland,<br />
all Norway, Spitsbergen, Iceland, NE Greenland, Faroes, W Africa, Pacific<br />
Spitsbergen, Greenland, Ireland, Mediterranean, W Africa, intertidal - 277 m.<br />
G. asconoides (Breitfuss,1896)<br />
NE Greenland, N Norway, Spitsbergen,<br />
S. villosa (Haeckel,1872)<br />
= Sycarium villosum Haeckel,1872<br />
* Named form of Scypha ciliata sensu Burton,1963<br />
Arendal, Kristiansand, Bergen, British Isles, N France, Iceland<br />
S. quadrangulata (O. Schmidt,1868)<br />
* Named form of Scypha ciliata sensu Burton,1963<br />
<strong>Atlantic</strong> coasts of Europe, Faeroes, White Sea, Baltic?<br />
S. boreale (Schuffner,1877)<br />
* Named form of Scypha ciliata sensu Burton,1963<br />
Norway<br />
S. setosa (O. Schmidt,1862)<br />
* Named form of Scypha ciliata sensu Burton,1963; a variety of S. raphanus sensu<br />
Dendy,1893<br />
British Isles (littoral), Ireland<br />
S. elegans (Bowerbank,1845)<br />
* Named form of Scypha ciliata sensu Burton,1963<br />
France, Channel Islands<br />
S. quadrata Schuffner,1877<br />
= Scypha (Sycon) schuffneri (Dendy & Row,1913)<br />
* Named form of Scypha ciliata sensu Burton,1963<br />
Norway<br />
G. compressa (O. Fabricius,1780)<br />
= Spongia compressa O. Fabricius,1780 ()<br />
= Scypha (Grantia) compressa var. pennigera (Haeckel,1872)<br />
= Scypha (Grantia) compressa var. rhopalodes (Haeckel,1872)<br />
Singlefjord in 65-80m, Iceland, Bergen, Varanger, White Sea, Spitsbergen, Greenland,<br />
Shetlands, British Isles, Ireland, Faeroes, Belgium, France<br />
G. capillosa (O. Schmidt,1862)<br />
= Ute capillosa O. Schmidt,1862<br />
Koster area and Väderöfjord in 20-90m, Ireland, Spitsbergen, Adriatic<br />
G. intermedia Thacker,1908<br />
off W Shetlands, Cape Verde<br />
G. singularis (Breitfuss,1898)<br />
= Sphenophorina singularis Breitfuss,1898<br />
Vadsø, Barents sea<br />
Leuconia Grant,1832<br />
= Medon Duchassaing de Fonbressin & Michelotti,1864<br />
= Sycinula O. Schmidt,1868<br />
= Dyssyconella Haeckel,1870<br />
= Dyssycum Haeckel,1870<br />
= Coenostomella Haeckel,1870<br />
= Dyssiconella Wright,1870<br />
= Leucortis Haeckel,1872<br />
S. polejaevi (Breitfuss,1896) = Leucaltaga Haeckel,1872<br />
= Pericharax polejaevi Breitfuss,1898 = Mlea Haeckel,1872<br />
* Named form of Leuconia ananas sensu Burton,1963 = Leucandraga Haeckel,1872<br />
Spitsbergen, E Greenland = Leucandrusa Haeckel, 1872<br />
= Dyssycarium Haeckel,1872<br />
S. lingua (Haeckel,1872) = Coenostomium Haeckel,1872<br />
* Named form of Scypha ciliata sensu Burton,1963 = Dyssycortus Haeckel,1872<br />
Faeroes, Murmansk, E Canada = Dyssycandrus Haeckel,1872<br />
= Dysscaltella Haeckel,1872<br />
S. ampulla (Haeckel,1870) = Dyssycandrella Haeckel,1872<br />
* Named form of Scypha ciliata sensu Burton,1963 = Dyssycandrium Haeckel,1872<br />
Ireland, Azores, E Africa, W South America = Lipostomaltis Haeckel,1872<br />
= Lipostomandra Haeckel,1872<br />
S. abyssale (Borojevic & Graat-Kleeton,1965) = Lipostomortis Haeckel,1872<br />
= Sycon abyssale Borojevic & Graat-Kleeton,1965 = Amphoriscandra Haeckel,1872<br />
Abyssal Arctic Bassin = Amphoricortis Haeckel,1872<br />
= Amphoriulandra Haeckel,1872<br />
Sycandra Haeckel,1870 ( Sycandra utriculus Haeckel,1872) = Amphoriidandra Haeckel,1872<br />
= Coenostomandra Haeckel,1872<br />
Sycetta Haeckel,1872 ( Sycetta primitiva Haeckel,1872) = Coenostomandium Haeckel,1872<br />
= Sycassarium Haeckel,1872 = Coenostomellium Haeckel,1872<br />
= Sycissa von Lendenfeld,1886 = Coenostomortis Haeckel,1872<br />
= Artynandrium Haeckel,1872<br />
Sycodorus Haeckel,1872 ( Sycandra (Sycodorus ) hystrix Haeckel,1872) = Artynellandra Haeckel,1872<br />
= Sycodorussa Haeckel,1892 = Artynortus Haeckel,1872<br />
= Utella Dendy,1892 = Aphrocerandra Haeckel,1872<br />
= Aphrocerortis Haeckel,1872<br />
Leucopsila Dendy & Row,1913 = Leucortmetra Haeckel,1872<br />
* Correct family? = Leucania von Lendenfeld,1885<br />
= Dyssicarium Delage,1899<br />
L. stilifera (O. Schmidt,1870)<br />
* Named form of Leuconia ananas (Montagu) sensu Burton,1963 L. aspera (O. Schmidt,1862)<br />
Greenland, Iceland = Sycon asperum O. Schmidt,1862<br />
Heteropiidae Dendy,1893<br />
* Named form of Ute ensata sensu Burton,1963<br />
<strong>Atlantic</strong> coasts of Europe, e.g. Bergen, Mediterranean<br />
Heteropia Carter,1886<br />
L. ananas var. (Montagu,1818)<br />
= Spongia ananas Montagu,1818<br />
H. ramosa (Carter, in Higgin,1886)<br />
* Named form of Scypha ciliata sensu Burton,1963<br />
= Aphroceras ramosa Carter, in Higgin,1886 ()<br />
Bergen, British Isles, Shetlands, Faeroes, Normandie, NE Norway, White Sea, Spitsbergen,<br />
* Named form of Ute ensata sensu Burton,1963<br />
E & NE Greenland<br />
Wales<br />
L. bulbosa Hanitsch,1895<br />
Sycettusa Haeckel,1872 ( Leucaltis bathybia Haeckel,1872) Portugal<br />
= Djeddea Miklukho-Maklaj, in Haeckel,1872<br />
= Sycothamnetta Haeckel,1872 L. cylindrica (Fristedt,1887)<br />
= Leucandra cylindrica Fristedt,1887<br />
S. glacialis (Haeckel,1872) N Norway<br />
= Sycaltis glacialis Haeckel,1872<br />
Nordland - Troms, Barents Sea, Murmansk, Spitsbergen, Iceland, NE Greenland L. elongata Schuffner,1877<br />
W Norway<br />
Grantessa von Lendenfeld,1885 ( Grantessa sacca von Lendenfeld,1885)<br />
G. kuekenthali (Breitfuss,1896)<br />
= Grantia kuekenthali (Breitfuss,1896)<br />
* Named form of Sycettusa glacialis sensu Burton,1963<br />
L. fistulosa (Johnston,1842)<br />
= Grantia fistulosa Johnston,1842<br />
* Named form of Scypha ciliata sensu Burton,1963<br />
Norway (Hvidingsø), British Isles, Ireland, France, Iceland, Portugal<br />
4
L. gossei (Bowerbank,1862)<br />
* Named form of Ute ensata sensu Burton,1963<br />
British Isles, Ireland, Iceland, <strong>Atlantic</strong> coasts of France & Portugal<br />
L. johnstoni Carter,1871<br />
* Named form of Leuconia barbata sensu Burton,1963<br />
Engl. Channel, Ireland, Roscoff<br />
L. nivea (Grant,1826)<br />
= Spongia nivea Grant,1826 ()<br />
* Named form of Leuconia barbata sensu Burton,1963<br />
Helgoland, Stavanger - Bergen, Spitsbergen, British Isles, Ireland, France<br />
L. pumila Bowerbank,1866<br />
* Named form of Leuconia barbata sensu Burton,1963<br />
Engl. Channel, France<br />
Leucandra Haeckel,1872 ( Leucandra egedii (O. Schmidt,1870))<br />
L. caminus (Haeckel,1870)<br />
* Named form of Leuconia barbata sensu Burton,1963<br />
Bergen, Hardangerfjord, Devon<br />
L. egedii (O. Schmidt,1870)<br />
Spitsbergen, Jan Mayen<br />
Sycandra Haeckel,1872<br />
A. echinus (Haeckel,1872)<br />
= Leuculmis echinus Haeckel,1872<br />
= Leucilla echinus : Dendy & Row,1913<br />
Bergen in 92 m.<br />
A. glacialis (Haeckel,18??)<br />
Spitsbergen<br />
Baeria Miklukho-Maklaj,1870 ( Baeria ochotensis Miklukho-Maklaj,1870)<br />
Kuarrhaphis Dendy & Row,1913 ( Leucyssa cretacea Haeckel,1872)<br />
Leucettaga Haeckel,1872 ( Leucetta pandora var. loculifera )<br />
Leucilla Haeckel,1872 ( Leucilla amphora Haeckel,1872)<br />
= Polejna von Lendenfeld,1885<br />
Syculmis Haeckel,1872 ( Syculmis synapta Haeckel,1872)<br />
Lepidoleuconidae Vacelet,1967<br />
Lepidoleucon Vacelet,1967 ( Lepidoleucon inflatum Vacelet,1967)<br />
Staurorrhaphidae Jenkin,1908<br />
S. utriculus (O. Schmidt,1869) LITHONINIDA<br />
= Ute utriculus O. Schmidt,1869<br />
* Named form of Grantia compressa sensu Burton,1963<br />
Vardø, Tromsø, Spitsbergen, Shetlands, British Isles, Faeroes, Iceland, E Greenland,<br />
Murmansk, Kara Sea<br />
Ute O. Schmidt,1864, ?non O. Schmidt,1862 ( Ute glabra O. Schmidt,1864)<br />
Acromorpha Jenkin,1908 ( Acromorpha truncata Topsent,1907)<br />
Megapodon Jenkin,1908 ( Leuconia crucifera Poléajeff,1883)<br />
= INOZOIDA<br />
* Earlier classified in its own subclass Pharetronidia.<br />
Minchinellidae Dendy & Row,1913<br />
Plectroninia Hinde,1900 ( P. halli Hinde,1900 - fossil)<br />
U. gladiata Borojevic,1966 P. norvegica Könnecker,1989<br />
SE Norway-Bergen shelf off Tromsø<br />
Trichogypsia Carter,1871<br />
= Sycolepis Haeckel,1870 (nom. nud.)<br />
Petrostoma Döderlein,1892 ( Petrostoma schulzei Döderlein,1892)<br />
= Dyssycyssus Haeckel,1872<br />
= Amphoriscyssa Haeckel,1872<br />
Minchinella Kirkpatrick,1908 ( Minchinella lamellosa Kirkpatrick,1908)<br />
= Aphroceryssa Haeckel,1872 Monoplectroninia Pouliquen & Vacelet,1970 ( Monoplectroninia hispida Pouliquen<br />
= Sycolepis von Lendenfeld,1885<br />
& Vacelet,1970)<br />
T. villosa Carter,1871 () Tulearinia Vacelet,1977 ( Tulearinia stylifera Vacelet,1977)<br />
= Sycolepis incrustans Haeckel,1870 (nom. nud.)<br />
= Leucyssa incrustans var. lichenoides Haeckel,1872 Petrobionidae Vacelet,1967<br />
= Leucyssa incrustans : Arnesen,1901<br />
Bergen, British Isles Petrobiona Vacelet & Lévi,1958 ( Petrobiona massiliana Vacelet & Lévi,1958 -<br />
Mediterranean)<br />
Achramorpha Jenkin,1908<br />
NE Greenland, Spitsbergen, Barents Sea Lelapiidae Dendy & Row,1913<br />
A. schulzei (Breitfuss,1896) Lelapia J.E. Gray,1867 ( Lelapia australis J.E. Gray,1867)<br />
E Greenland = Paralelapia Hozowa,1923<br />
Amphiute Hanitsch,1894 ( Amphiute paulini Hanitsch,1894) Kebira Row,1909 ( Kebira uteoides Row,1909)<br />
Anamixilla Poléjaeff,1884 ( Anamixilla torresi Poléjaeff,1884)<br />
Aphroceras Gray,1858 ( Grantia ensata Bowerbank,1858)<br />
= Leucogypsia Bowerbank,1864<br />
= Cyathiscus Haeckel,1870<br />
= Leucandrena Haeckel,1872<br />
= Artynandrus Haeckel,1872<br />
A. ensata (Bowerbank,1858)<br />
= Grantia ensata Bowerbank,1858<br />
= Ute glabra : Auctt., non O. Schmidt,1864<br />
Koster Channel, Gullmarfjord, Bergen - Ålesund - Lofoten, Iceland, Greenland, Belgium,<br />
British Isles, Ireland, <strong>Atlantic</strong> coast of Europe, Mediterranean, Azores<br />
Ebnerella von Lendenfeld,1891 ( Ebnerella schulzei Breitfuss,1898)<br />
Eilhardia Poléjaeff,1884 ( Eilhardia schulzei Poléjaeff,1884)<br />
Hypograntia Carter,1886 ( Hypograntia infrequens Carter,1886)<br />
Jenkina Brøndsted,1931 ( Leucandra cirrata Jenkin,1908)<br />
Lamontia Kirk,1894 ( Lamontia zona Kirk,1894)<br />
Leucopsila Dendy & Row,1913 ( Leuconia stilifera O. Schmidt,1870)<br />
Leucyssa Haeckel,1872 ( Leucyssa spongilla Haeckel,1872)<br />
Paraleucilla Dendy,1892 ( Leucandra cucumis Haeckel,1872)<br />
Sycophractus Haeckel,1872 (? Ute spenceri Dendy,1892)<br />
= Sycurandra Haeckel,1872<br />
Sycute Dendy & Row,1913 ( Sycon dendyi Kirk,1895)<br />
Sycussa Haeckel,1872 ( Sycussa huxleyi Haeckel,1872)<br />
Synute Dendy,1892 ( Synute pulchella Dendy,1892)<br />
Teichenopsis Dendy & Row,1913 ( Teichonella labyrinthica Carter,1878)<br />
Uteopsis Dendy & Row,1913 ( Ute argentea Poléjaeff,1883)<br />
Amphoriscidae Dendy,1892<br />
Amphoriscus Haeckel,1870<br />
= Sycilla Haeckel,1872<br />
= Leuculmis Haeckel,1872<br />
= Dyssycillus Haeckel,1872<br />
= Sycurilla Haeckel,1872<br />
= Dyssyculmus Haeckel,1872<br />
= Syculmarium Haeckel,1872<br />
= Lipostomella Haeckel,1872<br />
= Leoculmis Ganin,1879<br />
= Rhabdodermella Urban,1902<br />
= Lenculmis Allemand,1907<br />
A. chrysalis (O. Schmidt,1864)<br />
= Ute chrysalis O. Schmidt,1864 ()<br />
British Isles, Roscoff<br />
DEMOSPONGIAE Sollas,1885<br />
= TETRAXONIDA<br />
HOMOSCLEROMORPHA Lévi<br />
HOMOSCLEROPHORIDA Dendy<br />
Oscarellidae von Lendenfeld<br />
Oscarella Vosmaer,1887<br />
O. lobularis (O. Schmidt,1862)<br />
= Halisarca lobularis O. Schmidt,1862 ()<br />
?= O. rubra (Hanitsch,1890)<br />
* The name of the species in the NE <strong>Atlantic</strong> is a bit unclear, because O. lobularis s.str.<br />
may be confined to the Mediterranean area. Hanitsch's species may be another, or perhaps<br />
the real O. lobularis from the Mediterr.<br />
Säcken coral reef, Bergen, NE Norway, Helgoland, British Isles, Ireland, Iceland,<br />
Greenland, France, Mediterranean, intertidal - 459 m.<br />
Plakinidae F.E. von Schulze,1880<br />
= Corticidae Vosmaer<br />
Plakina F.E. von Schulze,1880<br />
= Plakoosa de Laubenfels,1936<br />
P. monolopha F.E. von Schulze,1880 ()<br />
Roscoff<br />
Plakortis F.E. von Schulze,1880<br />
= Roosa de Laubenfels,1934<br />
P. simplex F.E. von Schulze,1880<br />
Trondheimsfjorden, Roscoff<br />
TETRACTINOMORPHA Lévi<br />
SPIROPHORIDA Lévi,1973<br />
Tetillidae Sollas,1886<br />
= Samidae Sollas<br />
Tetilla O. Schmidt,1868 ( T. euplocamos O. Schmidt,1868)<br />
T. cranium (O.F. Müller,1776)<br />
= Tethea ynca Bowerbank,1872<br />
= Craniella cranium : Sollas,1888<br />
* Generic placement correct? or in Craniella O. Schmidt,1870 ?<br />
Koster Channel, Singlefjord, all Norway, Iceland, Shetlands, British Isles, Roscoff, E<br />
Greenland, Spitsbergen, Barents Sea, Faeroes, Bay of Biscay, Azores, in 19-1300 m.<br />
T. infrequens (Carter,1876)<br />
Lofoten, Norwegian Sea, Spitsbergen, Barents Sea, Greenland Sea, Kara Sea, in 80-1156 m.<br />
T. polyura (O. Schmidt,1870)<br />
= Tetilla geniculata Marenzeller,1886<br />
= Tetilla sandalina Sollas,1888<br />
= Tetilla longipilis Topsent,1904<br />
Troms, Iceland, Greenland, Jan Mayen, Spitsbergen, Barents Sea, Kara Sea, Azores, in 25-<br />
1846 m.<br />
5
= Sanidastrella Topsent,1892<br />
T. sibirica (Fristedt,1887)<br />
= Tethya sibirica Fristedt,1887 A. radix von Marenzeller,1889<br />
Spitsbergen, Barents Sea, Kara Sea, Laptev Sea, in 7-414 m. Roscoff<br />
T. truncata Topsent,1890 Geodiidae J.E. Gray,1867<br />
Engl. Channel<br />
Pachymatisma Bowerbank, in Johnston,1842<br />
T. zetlandica (Carter,1872)<br />
= Tethya zetlandica Carter,1872 P. johnstonia (Bowerbank, in Johnston,1842)<br />
= Tethyopsilla zetlandica (Carter,1872) = Caminus osculosus Grube,1873<br />
Shetlands, Spitsbergen<br />
Skagerrak, Bergen, Stavanger, Trondheimsfjorden, Lofoten, Spitsbergen, British Isles,<br />
Ireland, N France<br />
Scleritodermidae Sollas,1888<br />
* Not recognized longer?<br />
Geodia de Lamarck,1815 ( G. gibberosa de Lamarck,1815)<br />
= Isops Sollas,1880<br />
ASTROPHORIDA Lévi,1973<br />
= CHORISTIDA<br />
G. atlantica (Stephens,1915)<br />
NE <strong>Atlantic</strong><br />
Pachastrellidae Carter,1875<br />
= Halinidae de Laubenfels (nom. van.) G. barretti Bowerbank,1858<br />
= Astrostrepsidae Topsent =? Geodia nodastrella Carter<br />
Väderö-Koster Channel system, Skagerrak, W & N Norway, Bear Island, Spitsbergen,<br />
Pachastrella O. Schmidt,1868<br />
Iceland, E Greenland, N Spain, in 91-500 m.<br />
= Nethea Sollas,1888<br />
G. macandrewii Bowerbank,1858<br />
P. monilifera O. Schmidt,1868 () = Synops macandrewi : Sollas,1888<br />
Bergen, Norwegian Sea, Mediterranean, Antarctic, in 30-1557 m. = Geodia synops Sollas,1888<br />
= Sidonops macandrewi : Sollas,1889<br />
Poecillastra Sollas,1888 ( Normania crassa Bowerbank,1869) = Geodia cydonium : Auctt., non (Jameson,1811)<br />
= Normania Bowerbank, in Norman,1869, non Brady,1866 (Ostracoda) Egersund-Trøndelag, Faeroes, Shetlands, Iceland, Denmark Strait, Greenland, Kola Fjord,<br />
Barents Sea, in 146-350 m.<br />
P. amygdaloides (Carter,1876)<br />
NE <strong>Atlantic</strong> G. nodastrella Carter,1876<br />
NE <strong>Atlantic</strong><br />
P. compressa compressa (Bowerbank,1866)<br />
= Ecionemia compressa Bowerbank,1866 G. orthomesotriaena Lebwohl,1914<br />
Stavanger-Lofoten area, Shetlands, Hebrides, Ireland, Iceland, Roscoff, Mediterranean,<br />
* Anne Klitgaard,1992 depicts a large Geodid in her work from the Faeroes, named Geodia<br />
Azores<br />
sp. by her,<br />
which has the typical beaker form of this species.<br />
Dercitus J.E. Gray,1867<br />
?Faeroes, NE Pacific<br />
= Calcabrina Sollas,1888<br />
G. phlegraei (Sollas,1880)<br />
D. bucklandi (Bowerbank,1866) = Isops phlegraei Sollas,1880 ( of Isops Sollas,1880 - Bergen)<br />
= Hymeniacidon bucklandi Bowerbank,1866 ()<br />
= Isops sphaeroides Vosmaer,1882<br />
British Isles, Ireland, Roscoff<br />
= Isops pallida Vosmaer,1882<br />
= Synops pyriformis Vosmaer,1882<br />
Characella Sollas,1886 = Geodia parva Armauer Hansen,1885<br />
Koster area, Säcken, Stavanger - Troms, Barents Sea, Spitsbergen, Kara Sea, Greenland<br />
C. pachastrelloides (Carter,1876)<br />
Sea, Denmark Strait, central Arctic, in 171-1450 m.<br />
NE <strong>Atlantic</strong><br />
G. pyriformis (Vosmaer,1882)<br />
Sphinctrella O. Schmidt,1870 NE <strong>Atlantic</strong><br />
S. annulata (O. Schmidt,1880) G. simplex Burton,1931<br />
= Pachastrella annulata (O. Schmidt,1880) Trondheimsfjorden<br />
Bergen<br />
G. sp.<br />
S. ornata Sollas,1888 = G. mesotriaena Hentschel,1929, non von Lendenfeld,1910<br />
NE <strong>Atlantic</strong> * closely related to G. barretti (Bowerbank)<br />
off NE Greenland, off N Spitsbergen, high Arctic<br />
Theneidae Sollas,1886<br />
Thenea J.E. Gray,1867<br />
Thrombidae Sollas,1888<br />
= Spirasigmidae Hallman<br />
T. muricata (Bowerbank,1864) Thrombus Sollas,1886<br />
= Tethea muricata Bowerbank,1864 ()<br />
Stavanger - NE Norway, Iceland, off SW & W Iceland, in 8-820 m. T. abyssi (Carter,1873)<br />
off Britain<br />
T. valdiviae von Lendenfeld,1906<br />
between Norway & Faeroes, off N Norway, Spitsbergen, off Faeroes, off Iceland, E<br />
Greenland<br />
Coppatiidae Topsent,1898<br />
= Epipolasidae Sollas (nom. nud.)<br />
= Streptasteridae Topsent (nom. nud.)<br />
T. levis von Lendenfeld,1906 = Sollasellidae von Lendenfeld<br />
Trondheimsfjorden, Spitsbergen, off S Faeroes, off SE & W Iceland, off SE Greenland = Jaspinidae de Laubenfels<br />
T. abyssorum Koltun,1964 Calthropellidae von Lendenfeld,1906<br />
abyssal Norw. Sea, Greenland Sea & Arctic, in 1073-3622 m.<br />
HADROMERIDA Topsent,1898<br />
Ancorinidae O. Schmidt,1870<br />
= Stellettidae Carter,1875<br />
Tethyidae J.E. Gray,1867<br />
= Donatiidae J.E. Gray<br />
Stelletta O. Schmidt,1862 ( S. boglicii O. Schmidt,1862)<br />
= Myriastra Sollas,1886<br />
Tethya de Lamarck,1814 ( Tethya lyncurium (Linnaeus,1767))<br />
= Pilochrota Sollas,1886 = Donatia Nardo,1833<br />
= Anthastra Sollas,1886 = Tethyum Lieberkühn,1859<br />
= Amniscos J.E. Gray,1867<br />
S. grubii O. Schmidt,1862 = Alemo Wright,1881<br />
= Tethea collingsii Bowerbank,1866 = Tethycordyla de Laubenfels,1934<br />
= Tethea schmidtii Bowerbank,1866<br />
= Taboga de Laubenfels,1936<br />
= Ecionemia coactura Bowerbank,1874<br />
= Tethytimea de Laubenfels,1936<br />
Bergen, British Isles, Ireland, Roscoff<br />
T. aurantium (Pallas,1766)<br />
S. lactea Carter,1871<br />
= Alcyonium aurantium Pallas,1766<br />
= Myriastra lactea (Carter,1871)<br />
= Tethya lyncurium (Linnaeus,1767, sensu Sollas,1888)<br />
= Pilochrota lactea (Carter,1871) : Topsent = Donatia lyncurium : Sollas,1888<br />
British Isles, Ireland, Roscoff, off Azores * Orange. Stout megasters with Ray/Centre ≈0.5<br />
Mediterranean, intertidal - 440 m.<br />
S. normani Sollas,1880<br />
= Dragmastra normani : Sollas,1888<br />
T. citrina Sarà & Melone,1965<br />
Koster Channel, Säcken, Skagerrak, Bergen, Trondheimsfjorden, NE Norway<br />
* Ochreus or yellow. Megasters slender, ≈40-120 µm i Ø, with regular rays, with<br />
Ray/Centre ≈0.7-1<br />
S. rhaphidiophora Hentschel,1929 ?Belgium, Engl. Cannel, Ireland, Mediterranean, Canaries, Azores<br />
Iceland, Spitsbergen<br />
T. norvegica Bowerbank,1872<br />
Stryphnus Sollas,1886 ( S. niger Sollas,1886)<br />
* Ochreus or yellow. Megasters slender, ≈20-60 µm i Ø, with irregular rays (spiny &/or<br />
bifurcated), with Ray/Centre ≈0.7-1<br />
S. ponderosus (Bowerbank,1866) var. rudis (Sollas,1888) Bohuslän, W-N Norway, Scotland, Faeroes, Iceland, Spitsbergen, Bear Island, White Sea,<br />
= Ecionemia ponderosus Bowerbank,1866, : 1874<br />
Novaja Zemlja<br />
Koster area, Säcken, Stavanger - Troms, British Isles, Ireland, Roscoff, off N Spain, in 73-<br />
800 m. Chondrillidae Gray,1872 (O. Schmidt,1862)<br />
= Chondrosiidae F.E. von Schulze,1877<br />
S. fortis (Vosmaer,1885)<br />
= Steletta fortis Vosmaer,1885<br />
Chondrosia Nardo,1847<br />
= Stryphnus fortis : Sollas,1888 = Gummina O. Schmidt,1862<br />
* Possibly a synonym of S. ponderosus (Bowerbank)<br />
Bergen-Troms, Spitsbergen C. reniformis Nardo,1847 ()<br />
??Kattegatt (Aalbæk Bugt) (probably a misidentification by Levinsen)<br />
Ancorina O. Schmidt,1862 ( Ancorina cerebrum O. Schmidt,1862)<br />
= Stellettinopsis Carter,1879<br />
Thymosia Topsent,1896<br />
= Algol Sollas,1888<br />
= Thalassomora von Lendenfeld,1888<br />
6
T. guernei Topsent,1896 ()<br />
SW British Isles, Roscoff, Portugal<br />
Stylocordylidae Topsent,1928<br />
Stylocordyla Thomson,1873<br />
= Stylorhiza O. Schmidt,1879<br />
= Oxycordyla Topsent,1904<br />
S. borealis (Lovén,1868)<br />
= Hyalonema boreale Lovén,1868 ()<br />
= Hyalonema longissimum M. Sars,1872<br />
E Skagerrak in ca 500m - Troms, Norw. Sea, Spitsbergen, Shetlands, Faeroes, Iceland,<br />
White Sea, Kara Sea, Bay of Biscay, in 13-2880 m.<br />
Polymastiidae J.E. Gray,1867<br />
Polymastia Bowerbank,1863<br />
= Penicillaris J.E. Gray,1867<br />
Greenland, Spitsbergen, Barents Sea, Kola fjord, Roscoff, Mediterranean, in 15-750 m.<br />
Q. richardi Topsent,1913<br />
* This species is considered as a synonym of Q. brevis (Bowerbank,1861) by<br />
Koltun,1966<br />
Koster area, Lofoten area - Troms, Iceland, between Norway & Bear Island, Spitsbergen<br />
Tentorium Vosmaer,1885<br />
= Thecophora O. Schmidt,1870, non Rondani,1845 (Diptera), nec Lederer,1857<br />
(Lepidoptera)<br />
T. semisuberites (O. Schmidt,1870)<br />
= Thecophora semisuberites O. Schmidt,1870 ()<br />
= Thecophora elongata von Marenzeller,1877<br />
* Stone & al.,1984, lists Tentorium spp. from the British Isles<br />
Bohuslän - Lofoten, E Greenland, Iceland, Spitsbergen, Barents Sea, Kara Sea, Laptev Sea,<br />
abyssal Arctic bassin, Shetlands, British Isles?, Spain, Azores, in 26-2800 m.<br />
Vosmaeria Fristedt,1885, non von Lendenfeld,1885<br />
= Rinalda O. Schmidt,1870 * Is this genus a junior homonym and is it a synonym of another?<br />
= Clathroscula Merezhkovskii,1879<br />
V. crustacea Fristedt,1885 ()<br />
P. agglutinans Ridley & Dendy,1886 = Inflatella sp. : Fristedt,1885<br />
Shetlands, Roscoff, Azores, in 15-800 m. = Vosmaeria robusta Swarczewsky,1906<br />
P. boletiformis (de Lamarck,1815)<br />
= Alcyonium boletifomis de Lamarck,1815<br />
= Euplectella robusta Bowerbank,1861 V. laevigata Topsent,1896<br />
= Polymastia robusta (Bowerbank,1861) Roscoff<br />
= Polymastia radiosa Bowerbank,1866<br />
= Polymastia bulbosa Bowerbank,1866 Atergia Stephens,1915<br />
= Polymastia ornata Bowerbank,1866<br />
= Polymastia agglutinans Topsent,1913 A. corticata Stephens,1915 ()<br />
= Polymastia euplectella Rezvoi,1927<br />
Bohuslän-Kattegatt, all Norway, Spitsbergen, White Sea, Iceland, E Greenland, Helgoland,<br />
NE <strong>Atlantic</strong><br />
Belgium, British Isles, Ireland, Roscoff, Spain, Mediterranean, intertidal - 394 m.<br />
Tylexocladus Topsent,1898<br />
P. conigera Bowerbank,1874<br />
Shetlands, Roscoff in 15-85 m.<br />
Kattegatt-Bohuslän-Skagerrak, all Norway, Spitsbergen, White Sea, Barents Sea, Greenland<br />
Sea, in 13-256 m.<br />
T. spp.<br />
British Isles<br />
P. inflata Cabioch,1968 Latrunculiidae Topsent,1922<br />
= P. bulbosa Sarà & Siribelli,1960, non Bowerbank,1866<br />
Roscoff, Mediterranean<br />
= Podospongiidae de Laubenfels (nom. nud.)<br />
Latrunculia Barbosa du Bocage,1869<br />
P. mamillaris (J. Rathke, in O.F. Müller,1806) = Sceptrella O. Schmidt,1870<br />
= Spongia mamillaris J. Rathke, in O.F. Müller,1806 ()<br />
= Polymastia mammillaris : Auct<br />
= Negombo Dendy,1905<br />
= Suberites crustula (Bowerbank,1866 (as Hymeniacidon )) L. cratera Barbosa du Bocage,1869 ()<br />
= Rinalda arctica Merezhkovskii,1879 * Koltun,1966 use the spelling L. crateri<br />
= Polymastia penicillus Vosmaer,1882<br />
= Polymastia hyperborea Hentschel,1916<br />
Stavanger<br />
Katteg.-Bohusl.-Skagerrak (50-400m), all Norway, Iceland, Faeroes, Greenland, Jan<br />
L. triloba (O. Schmidt,1875)<br />
Mayen, Spitsbergen, Barents Sea, Belgium, Br. Isles, Ireland, Roscoff, Mediterr., Azores,<br />
= Sceptrella triloba O. Schmidt,1875<br />
from littoral - >2500 m.<br />
Stavanger - Troms, Iceland, E Greenland, Barents Sea, in 125-418 m.<br />
P. mespilus O. Schmidt,1873<br />
* Unrecognizable, sensu Boury-Esnault,1987<br />
Skagerrak (Arendal)<br />
L. tricincta Hentschel,1929<br />
Norwegian Sea, Troms, Spitsbergen, in 192-342 m.<br />
L. normani Stephen,1915<br />
P. spinula Bowerbank,1866 NE <strong>Atlantic</strong><br />
Shetlands, Bay of Biscay in 63 m.<br />
P. uberrima (O. Schmidt,1870)<br />
= Rinalda uberrima O. Schmidt,1870<br />
Stavanger - Trondheimsfjorden - Lofoten, Iceland, E Greenland, Spitsbergen, Bay of<br />
Biscay, Spain, Jan Mayen, Kola fjord, in 90-645 m<br />
Suberitidae O. Schmidt,1870<br />
Suberites Nardo,1833<br />
= Lithumena Lieberkühn,1859<br />
= Ficulina J.E. Gray,1867<br />
= Syringella O. Schmidt,1868 (s. str.)<br />
P. thielei Koltun,1964 = Suberanthus von Lendenfeld,1897<br />
= Rinalda uberrima : Hansen,1885 & : Thiele,1903, non O. Schmidt,1870 = Suberella Thiele,1905<br />
= Polymastia uberrima : Lundbeck,1909 & : Topsent,1913, non (O. Schmidt,1870) = Laxosuberella Burton,1930<br />
Norwegian Sea, Greenland Sea, Barents Sea, Kara Sea, Laptev Sea, in 23- >4000 m. = Carnleia Burton,1930<br />
= Laxosuberites : Burton,1930, non Topsent,1896<br />
P. bursa (J. Rathke, in O.F. Müller,1806) =? Choanites Mantell,1822<br />
= Alcyonidium bursa J. Rathke, in O.F. Müller,1806<br />
= Weberella bursa : Vosmaer,1885 S. caminatus Ridley & Dendy,1886<br />
Trondheimsfjorden - NE Norway, Norwegian Sea, Greenland Sea, Barents Sea Britain<br />
Radiella O. Schmidt,1870 S. crelloides Marenzeller,1886<br />
= Trichostemma M. Sars, in G.O. Sars,1872 Jan Mayen<br />
R. sol sol O. Schmidt,1870 ()<br />
= Radiella sarsi Gorbunov,1946<br />
* Barthel & Tendal,1993 are using the name Trichostemma sol (O. Schmidt,1870) sensu<br />
Koltun (1966). Why?<br />
Skagerrak, Stavanger - Troms, Shetlands, E England, Iceland, Barents Sea, Greenland,<br />
abyssal Arctic bassin, in 145-3940 m.<br />
S. elongatus Ridley & Dendy,1886<br />
= Rhizaxinella elongata (Ridley & Dendy,1886)<br />
British Isles<br />
S. ficus (Linnaeus,1767)<br />
= Suberites montalbidus Carter,1880<br />
= Suberites domuncula : Auctt., non Alcyonium domuncula Olivi,1792<br />
R. grimaldi (Topsent,1913) * Koltun,1966 separates S. domuncula domuncula (Olivi,1792) found in Norwegian Sea<br />
= Trichostemma grimaldi Topsent,1913<br />
E Greenland, Iceland, Barents Sea, Spitsbergen, 70-650 m<br />
R. hemisphaericum (M. Sars, in G.O. Sars,1872)<br />
= Trichostemma hemisphaericum M. Sars, in G.O. Sars,1872 ( of Trichostemma M.<br />
Sars,1872 in G.O. Sars,1872)<br />
Troms - NE Norway, Norwegian Sea, E Greenland, off N Spitsbergen, in 175-790 m.<br />
Spinularia J.E. Gray,1867<br />
= Rhaphidorus Topsent,1898<br />
* Considered to be a synonym of Polymastia Bowerbank,1863 by Smecher<br />
S. spinularia (Bowerbank,1862)<br />
Bohuslän-Skagerrak in >50m, Stavanger - Trondheimsfjorden, British Isles<br />
Sphaerotylus Topsent,1898<br />
S. schoenus (Sollas,1882)<br />
= Polymastia capitata Vosmaer,1885 ()<br />
Stavanger - Troms, Barents Sea, Spitsbergen, Antarctic, in 50-440 m.<br />
& White Sea from S. domuncula ficus (Johnston,1842) found in all northern Russian<br />
waters, Norwegian & Greenland Seas and S. domuncula spermatozoon (O. Schmidt,1872)<br />
found in NW Russian water, Norwegian & Greenland Seas.<br />
Öresund-Bohuslän, Skagerrak - Lofoten, Spitsbergen, Iceland, Greenland, Barents Sea,<br />
Netherlands, Br. Isles, Ireland, Faeroes, Roscoff, Spain, Mediterranean, Azores, littoral - 36<br />
m.<br />
S. gibbosiceps Topsent,1904<br />
British Isles<br />
S. luetkeni (O. Schmidt,1870)<br />
= Ficulina luetkeni O. Schmidt,1870<br />
Öresund-Bohuslän, Skagerrak - Lofoten, Spitsbergen, Faeroes, Jan Mayen, Arctic<br />
S. lurida Sole-Cava & Thorpe,1986<br />
= Suberitus ficus luridus Sole-Cava & Thorpe,1986<br />
Isle of Man<br />
S. massa Nardo,1877<br />
Roscoff, Shetlands?<br />
S. borealis (Swarczewsky,1906) S. montiniger Carter,1880<br />
= Proteleia borealis Swarczewsky,1906 = Suberites glasenapii Swarczewsky,1906<br />
= Sphaerotylus antarcticus Kirkpatrick,1908 = Suberites concinnus Lambe,1894<br />
E Greenland, Iceland, Spitsbergen, Barents Sea, White Sea, in 4.5-500 m. = Pseudosuberites montiniger : Hentschel,1916<br />
= Stylotella gorbunovi Rezvoi,1931<br />
Quasillina Norman,1869<br />
Barents Sea, White Sea, Spitsbergen, Greenland Sea, in 10-426 m.<br />
= Bursalina O. Schmidt,1875<br />
S. pagurorum Sole-Cava & Thorpe,1986<br />
Q. brevis (Bowerbank,1861) Norman,1869 = Suberitus ficus pagurorum Sole-Cava & Thorpe,1986<br />
= Euplectella brevis Bowerbank,1861 () Isle of Man<br />
= Polymastia brevis : Bowerbank,1866<br />
= Bursalina muta O. Schmidt,1875<br />
S. rubra Sole-Cava & Thorpe,1986<br />
Säcken, Stavanger - Troms, British Isles, SW Ireland, Shetlands, Faeroes, Iceland,<br />
= Suberitus ficus rubrus Sole-Cava & Thorpe,1986<br />
7
Isle of Man = Papillissa von Lendenfeld,1888<br />
= Gapoda de Laubenfels,1936<br />
S. simplex (Carter,1876)<br />
NE <strong>Atlantic</strong> C. abyssorum Carter,1874<br />
Britain<br />
S. spermatozoon O. Schmidt,1872<br />
* Regarded as a subspecies of S. domuncula (Olivi,1792) by Koltun 1966, See S. ficus.<br />
Bohuslän, Skagerrak, Norway, Arctic<br />
Laxosuberites Topsent,1898<br />
C. levispira Topsent,1898<br />
L. durus Stephens,1915 Britain<br />
NE <strong>Atlantic</strong><br />
L. ectyoninus Topsent,1900<br />
French <strong>Atlantic</strong> coast<br />
L. incrustans Stephens,1915<br />
Koster Channel, Skagerrak, Bergen, W Ireland<br />
L. rugosus (O. Schmidt,1868)<br />
NE <strong>Atlantic</strong><br />
L. capillitium (Topsent,1???)<br />
= Mycale strelnikovi Rezvoi,1924<br />
N Kara Sea, in 110 m<br />
C. celata Grant,1826 ()<br />
= Raphyrus griffithsii Bowerbank,1866<br />
W Baltic-Bohuslän, Norway (Egersund - Bergen area), British Isles, Ireland, Roscoff<br />
C. lobata Hancock,1849<br />
Öresund-Bohuslän, Skagerrak, Bergen, <strong>North</strong> Sea, Ireland, Roscoff<br />
C. pruvoti Topsent,1900<br />
W France<br />
C. vastifica Hancock,1849<br />
W Baltic-Bohuslän, <strong>North</strong> Sea, all Norway, Norwegian Sea, Barents Sea, Roscoff,<br />
Mediterranean, Indo-Pacific, in 5-600 m.<br />
C. viridis (O. Schmidt,1862)<br />
Stavanger area<br />
Thoosa Hancock,1849<br />
L. sp.<br />
* Probably new to science, according to Tendal, in Afzelius,1978 T. spp.<br />
Koster area (Klinken)<br />
* Stone & al.,1984 lists Thoosa spp. from British Isles<br />
Pseudosuberites Topsent,1896 Delectona De Laubenfels,1936 ( Alectona higgini Carter,1880 - Gulf of Mannar)<br />
* Is this a good genus?<br />
P. carnosus (Johnston,1842) Koltun,1966<br />
= Halichondria carnosa Johnston,1842 Timeidae Topsent,1928<br />
= Suberites carnosus : Auctt.<br />
Koster Channel, Egersund - Trondheimsfjorden - Varangerfjorden, Spitsbergen, British<br />
Timea J.E. Gray,1867<br />
Isles, Faeroes, Ireland, Iceland, E Greenland, Barents Sea, Roscoff, Spain, Mediterranean,<br />
Azores, in 49-823 m. T. acutostellata (Hanitsch,1894)<br />
Britain<br />
P. fallax (Bowerbank,1866)<br />
= Hymeniacidon fallax (Bowerbank,1866) T. crassa (Topsent,1900)<br />
Roscoff W France<br />
P. hyalinus (Ridley & Dendy,1887) T. hallezi (Topsent,1891)<br />
= Hymeniacidon hyalina Ridley & Dendy,1887 ()<br />
Belgium, Roscoff, Calais, Ireland<br />
Koster Channel, Säcken, Skagerrak - Trondheimsfjorden - Troms, Iceland, between<br />
Norway & Bear Island, Spitsbergen, Mediterranean T. mixta (Topsent,1896)<br />
Roscoff<br />
P. mollis Topsent,1925<br />
Roscoff<br />
T. stellata (Bowerbank,1866)<br />
= Hymedesmia stellata Bowerbank,1867 ()<br />
P. sadko Koltun,1966<br />
Shetlands, Calais, Roscoff, Arctic<br />
Greenland Sea, Kara Sea, Laptev Sea, in 121-368 m.<br />
T. stellifasciata Sarà & Siribelli,1960<br />
Roscoff<br />
P. simplicima (Bowerbank,1874)<br />
Väderö archipelago, Oxevik, Shetlands<br />
P. sulphureus (Bowerbank,1866 ex Bean MS)<br />
= Hymeniacidon sulphurea Bowerbank,1866 ex Bean MS<br />
Kieler Bucht-Bohuslän, Skagerrak - Troms, E Britain, Shetlands, Iceland, Ireland, Roscoff,<br />
Mediterranean<br />
Prosuberites Topsent,1893<br />
P. epiphytum (de Lamarck,1815)<br />
Gullmarfjord area in 10-15m, Koster area (Klinken), Fensfjorden area, <strong>North</strong> Sea,<br />
Netherlands, Roscoff, Ireland<br />
T. unistellata (Topsent,1900)<br />
Iceland, Mediterranean<br />
Hemiasterellidae von Lendenfeld,1889<br />
= Astraxinellidae Dendy (nom. nud.)<br />
Adreus J.E. Gray,1867<br />
A. fascicularis (Bowerbank,1866)<br />
= Dictyocylindrus fascicularis Bowerbank,1866<br />
British Isles, Roscoff, Spain<br />
P. longispina Topsent,1893 () Paratimea Hallmann,1917 (Non Paratimia Fisher,1915 (Coleoptera))<br />
Roscoff<br />
P. constellata (Topsent,1893)<br />
Rhizaxinella Keller,1880 ( R. clavigera Keller,1880 - Mediterranean) Roscoff<br />
R. schaudinni Hentschel,1929<br />
Stelligera J.E. Gray,1867<br />
Spitsbergen, in >1000 m. = Vibulinus J.E. Gray,1867<br />
Stylaxia Topsent,1913 S. rigida (Montagu,1818)<br />
* Is this a good genus and does it belong in this family?<br />
S. variabilis (Vosmaer,1882)<br />
= Vibulinus rigidus (Montagu,1818) : Topsent,1890<br />
British Isles, Ireland, Roscoff<br />
= Semisuberites Carter,1877 arctica Burton,1932<br />
S. stuposa (Ellis & Solander,1786)<br />
Spitsbergen, E Greenland<br />
British Isles, Roscoff, Ireland, Spain, Mediterranean<br />
Terpios Duchassaing de Fonbressin & Michelotti,1864 Placospongiidae J.E. Gray,1867<br />
= Terpiosella Burton,1930<br />
Trachycladidae Hallman,1917<br />
T. fugax Duchassaing de Fonbressin & Michelotti,1864<br />
= Hymeniacidon gelatinosa Bowerbank,1866<br />
= Hymedesmia tenuicula Bowerbank,1882<br />
British Isles, Ireland, Roscoff, Mediterranean, Azores<br />
Spirastrellidae Ridley & Dendy,1886<br />
Spirastrella O. Schmidt,1868 ( Spirastrella cunctatrix O. Schmidt,1868)<br />
= Chondrillina de Laubenfels,1936<br />
S. minax (Topsent,1888)<br />
Calais, Roscoff<br />
Clionidae J.E. Gray,1867<br />
= Thoosidae Ackers & al.,1985<br />
Alectona Carter,1879<br />
A. millari Carter,1879 ()<br />
Säcken, Oslofjord, Stavanger, Trondheimsfjorden, British Isles?, Mediterranean<br />
LITHISTIDA<br />
= DESMOPHORIDA Hentschel<br />
= TRIAENOS(ID)A Sollas<br />
TRIAENOSINA<br />
Theonellidae von Lendenfeld,1903<br />
Corallistidae Sollas,1888<br />
= Coscinospongiidae von Lendenfeld<br />
Macandrewia J.E. Gray,1859<br />
M. azorica J.E. Gray,1859<br />
off Britain, Azores<br />
Pleromidae Sollas,1888<br />
= Isoraphiniidae Schrammen<br />
= Dorydermidae Moret<br />
A. wallichii (Carter,1874) RHABDOSINA<br />
Br. Isles<br />
Neopeltidae Sollas,1888<br />
Cliona Grant,1826<br />
= Voia Michelin,1841, non 1833 Cladopeltidae Sollas,1888<br />
= Papillina O. Schmidt,1862 = Siphonidiidae von Lendenfeld<br />
= Raphyrus Bowerbank,1863<br />
= Pione J.E. Gray,1867 ANOPLINA<br />
= Myle J.E. Gray,1867<br />
= Sapline J.E. Gray,1867 Azoricidae Sollas,1888<br />
= Idomon J.E. Gray,1867 = Leiodermatiidae von Lendenfeld<br />
= Pronax J.E. Gray,1867 (p.p.)<br />
= Osculina O. Schmidt,1868 Desmanthidae Topsent,1893<br />
= Papillella Vosmaer,1885<br />
8
Vetulinidae von Lendenfeld,1903 Bubaris J.E. Gray,1867<br />
= Ommatosa de Laubenfels,1936<br />
CERACTINOMORPHA Lévi,1956<br />
B. vermiculata (Bowerbank,1866)<br />
VERTICILLITIDA<br />
= Hymeraphia vermiculata Bowerbank,1866 ()<br />
* The recent "Sphinctozoa" are not represented in the area.<br />
Cryptocoeliidae Steinmann,1982<br />
AGELASIDA<br />
Agelasidae Verrill,1907<br />
Astroscleridae Lister,1900<br />
HALICHONDRIIDA Vosmaer,1877<br />
Axinellidae Carter, 1875<br />
= Bubaridae Hentschel<br />
Axinella O. Schmidt,1862 ( Axinella polypoides O. Schmidt,1862)<br />
= Astrospongia J.E. Gray,1867<br />
= Chalinissa von Lendenfeld,1887<br />
A. agnata Topsent,1896<br />
Roscoff, Channel Islands<br />
A. damicornis (Esper,1794)<br />
= Spongia damicornis Esper,1794<br />
= Axinella cinnamomea O. Schmidt,1862<br />
British Isles, Roscoff, Mediterranean<br />
A. dissimilis (Bowerbank,1866)<br />
= Isodictya dissimilis Bowerbank,1866<br />
= Halichondria distorta Bowerbank,1866<br />
* Sibling species with A. polypoides, which turns brown in alcohol, whereas A. dissimilis<br />
turns grey.<br />
W British Isles, Roscoff, Ireland, Iceland, Portugal<br />
A. egregia (Ridley,1881)<br />
Roscoff<br />
A. flustra Topsent,1892<br />
= Tragosia flustra Topsent,1928<br />
Roscoff<br />
A. mammillata (Hanitsch,1890)<br />
NE <strong>Atlantic</strong><br />
A. microdragma (von Lendenfeld,1897)<br />
NE <strong>Atlantic</strong><br />
A. multiformis (Vosmaer,1885)<br />
NE <strong>Atlantic</strong><br />
A. pocillum (Bowerbank,1866)<br />
Br. Isles<br />
A. polypoides O. Schmidt,1862 ( - Mediterranean)<br />
= Tragosia polypoides (O. Schmidt,1862)<br />
Portugal, Spain, Mediterranean, Madeira<br />
A. pyramidata Stephens,1916<br />
British Isles, W Ireland, Faeroes<br />
A. rugosa (Bowerbank,1862)<br />
= Dictyocylindrus rugosus Bowerbank,1862<br />
Bohuslän, Skagerrak -Troms, Spitsbergen, Shetlands, Orkneys, Faeroes, Iceland, off W<br />
Ireland, Greenland, Roscoff<br />
A. thielei (Topsent,1898)<br />
NE <strong>Atlantic</strong><br />
A. vellerea Topsent,1904<br />
Norway (Nordland)<br />
A. verrucosa (Esper,1794)<br />
Roscoff<br />
Tragosia J.E. Gray,1867<br />
T. infundibuliformis (Linnaeus,1758)<br />
= Spongia infundibuliformis Linnaeus,1758 ()<br />
= Axinella infundibuliformis : Auctt.<br />
Gullmarfjord area, Väderö area, Norway up to Porsangerfjorden, British Isles, Shetlands,<br />
Orkneys, Iceland, Faeroes, Ireland, Roscoff<br />
Phakellia Bowerbank,1862<br />
P. arctica Vosmaer,1885<br />
= Axinella arctica (Vosmaer,1885)<br />
= Tragosia calyciformis : Auctt., non (de Lamarck,1813)<br />
Skagerrak in 200-300m, all Norway, Spitsbergen, British Isles, Shetlands, Faeroes, Iceland<br />
P. bowerbanki Vosmaer,1885<br />
= Isodictya dicksonii Fristedt,18??<br />
Hammerfest, Spitsbergen, Iceland, E Greenland, Jan Mayen, Barents Sea, Murmansk<br />
P. cribrosa Miklukho-Maklaj,1870<br />
Jan Mayen, Arctic<br />
P. lambei (Topsent,1???)<br />
Iceland, Alaska<br />
P. robusta Bowerbank,1866<br />
Koster area, Skagerrak, W Norway, Lofoten, British Isles, Shetlands, Iceland, Spain,<br />
Mediterranean, Azores, Morocco<br />
P. setosa (Bowerbank,1873)<br />
Br. Isles<br />
P. simplicima (Bowerbank,1868)<br />
* May be in need of taxonomic revision?<br />
Shetlands<br />
P. ventilabrum (Linnaeus,1767)<br />
= Spongia ventilabra Linnaeus,1767 ()<br />
= Phakellia papyracea Lambe,1892<br />
= Bubaris vermiculata : Auctt., non (Bowerbank,1866)<br />
Bohuslän, Skagerrak - Troms, Spitsbergen, British Isles, Faeroes, Iceland, Ireland, Barents<br />
Sea, Roscoff, Spain<br />
= Phakellia vermiculata (Bowerbank,1866)<br />
Oslofjorden-Trondheimsfjorden - Lofoten, Faeroes, Iceland, Greenland, Bear Island,<br />
Spitsbergen, Shetlands, E Scotland, Roscoff, Spain, Mediterranean, Azores<br />
Pseudaxinella O. Schmidt,1875<br />
P. sulcata O. Schmidt,1875 ()<br />
Koster Channel, Bergen<br />
Homaxinella Topsent,1916 ( Axinella supratumescens Topsent,1907)<br />
H. informis Burton,1930<br />
Trondheim<br />
Pachaxinella Burton,1930<br />
P. subdola (Bowerbank,1866)<br />
= Halichondria subdola Bowerbank,1866 ()<br />
= Homaxinella subdola (Bowerbank,1866)<br />
(S) British Isles<br />
Hymerhabdia Topsent,1892<br />
H. intermedia Sarà & Siribelli,1960<br />
Roscoff<br />
H. typica Topsent,1892 ()<br />
Roscoff<br />
Skeizia Cabioch,1968<br />
S. minuta Cabioch,1968 ()<br />
Roscoff<br />
Desmoxyidae Hallmann,1917<br />
= Higginsiidae de Laubenfels<br />
Halicnemia Bowerbank, in MacAndrew,1862<br />
H. patera Bowerbank,1862 ()<br />
= Crella inflata (Bowerbank,1874)<br />
Shetlands, Roscoff<br />
H. verticillata (Bowerbank,1862)<br />
= Hymeraphia verticillata Bowerbank,1874<br />
= Bubaris gallica Topsent,1893<br />
Lofoten area - N Norway, Spitsbergen, Arctic, Shetlands, Faeroes, Iceland, British Isles,<br />
Ireland, Roscoff, Azores<br />
H. loennbergi Alander,1942<br />
Skagerrak, Väderö Channel<br />
Higginsia Higgin,1877<br />
= Dendropsis Ridley & Dendy,1886<br />
= Desmoxya Hallman,1917<br />
H. ciccaresei Pansini & Pesce,1998<br />
Apulian marine cave<br />
H. mediterranea Pulitzer-Finali,1977<br />
Bay of Naples<br />
H. pyriformis Brøndsted,1916<br />
NE Greenland<br />
H. strigilata (de Lamarck,1814)<br />
= H. coralloides Higgin,1877 ()<br />
off SW Iceland, Ireland, Liberia<br />
H. thielei Topsent,1898<br />
Iceland, Irelans, Azores<br />
Dictyonellidae van Soest, Diaz &Pomponi,1990<br />
Acanthella Schmidt 1862<br />
Tethyspira Topsent,1890<br />
T. spinosa (Bowerbank,1874)<br />
= Tethea spinosa Bowerbank,1874 ()<br />
Belgium, Calais, Britain, Roscoff<br />
Dictyonella O. Schmidt,1868, non Hall,1868 (Brachiopoda)<br />
* Which name has priority?<br />
D. incisa (O. Schmidt,1868)<br />
= Phakellia incisa O. Schmidt,1868<br />
= Hymeniacidon incisa (O. Schmidt,1880)<br />
= Rhaphidostyla incisa (O. Schmidt,1880)<br />
NE <strong>Atlantic</strong><br />
Scopalina Schmidt 1862<br />
Halichondriidae Vosmaer,1877<br />
= Spongosoritidae Topsent<br />
= Hymeniacidonidae de Laubenfels,1934 (p.p.)<br />
Halichondria Fleming,1828<br />
= Pellina O. Schmidt,1870<br />
= Amorphina O. Schmidt,1870<br />
= Densa de Laubenfels,1934<br />
=? Ciocalapata de Laubenfels,1936<br />
= Cioxeamastia de Laubenfels,1942<br />
= Eumastia O. Schmidt,1870<br />
= Halichondriella Burton,1931<br />
= Menanetia Topsent,1896<br />
=? Pyloderma Kirkpatrick,1908<br />
= Raspaigella O. Schmidt,1868<br />
= Trachyopsilla Burton,1931<br />
= Spuma Miklukho Maklaj,1870<br />
H. agglomerans Cabioch,1968<br />
British Isles, Roscoff<br />
H. appendiculata (O. Schmidt,1870)<br />
= Eumastia appendiculata O. Schmidt,1870<br />
English SE coast in 27m<br />
9
H. bibula (O. Schmidt,1870)<br />
= Pellina bibula O. Schmidt,1870<br />
Kara Sea<br />
H. bowerbanki Burton,1930<br />
= Halichondria coalita (Lamouroux,1816) : Bowerbank,1866<br />
Bohuslän - Troms, Spitsbergen, British Isles, Ireland, Belgium, Iceland, Roscoff,<br />
Mediterranean<br />
" H. fallax Bowerbank" Fristedt,1885<br />
Öresund, Bohuslän, Skagerrak<br />
H. assimilis (Levinsen,1886)<br />
= Halichondria assimilis Levinsen,1886<br />
Kara Sea<br />
H. fasciculata (Fristedt,1887)<br />
= Amphorina fasciculata Fristedt,1887<br />
H. colossea Lundbeck,1902 Iceland, Spitsbergen<br />
off W Iceland<br />
H. kitchingi (Burton,1935)<br />
H. coralloides (Bowerbank,1882)<br />
= Rhaphidostyla kitchingi Burton,1935 ( of Rhaphidostyla Burton,1935)<br />
* Another synonyme of H. panicea ?<br />
W Scotland<br />
Firth of Forth<br />
H. mammeata Bowerbank,1866<br />
H. diversispiculata Burton,1930<br />
= Polymastia mammeata (Bowerbank,1866) sensu Arndt,1935<br />
Mouth of Gullmarfjord in ca 30m, Stavanger area<br />
Shetlands, E England<br />
H. genetrix (O. Schmidt,1870) H. medius Bowerbank,1874<br />
= Amorphina nodosa Fristedt,1887 Ireland<br />
Stavanger, Trondheimsfjorden, Troms, Spitsbergen, E Greenland<br />
H. glabra (Bowerbank,1866)<br />
Scarborough, Belgium, Calais (85-155m)<br />
H. madeirensis (Topsent,1928)<br />
= Rhaphidostyla madeirensis (Topsent,1928)<br />
= Stylotella madeirensis Topsent,1928<br />
Roscoff<br />
H. heterorhaphis Breitfuss,1912<br />
Spitsbergen H. pelligera (O. Schmidt,18??)<br />
= Rhaphidostyla pelligera (O. Schmidt,18??)<br />
H. labiata Hentschel,1929 = Stylotella pelligera (O. Schmidt,18??)<br />
Spitsbergen Roscoff<br />
H. lactea (Bowerbank,1866)<br />
* Another synonyme of H. panicea ?<br />
Moray Firth<br />
H. macularis Johnston,1846<br />
Shetlands, Ireland (27-63m)<br />
H. perleve (Montagu,1814)<br />
= Spongia perlevis Montagu,1814<br />
= Spongia sanguinea Grant,1826<br />
= Hymeniacidon caruncula Bowerbank,1859 ()<br />
Egersund, British Isles, Ireland, Roscoff, Belgium, Netherlands, Iceland, Spitsbergen, Spain,<br />
Mediterranean, Cape Verde, Angola<br />
H. membrana (Bowerbank,1866)<br />
H. simplex (Bowerbank,1866)<br />
* Considered to be a form of H. panicea by many<br />
Shetlands, Roscoff<br />
Shetlands<br />
H. simplissima (Bowerbank,1874)<br />
H. minchini (Topsent,1896) = Rhaphidostyla simplissima (Bowerbank,1874)<br />
= Menanetia minchini Topsent,1896 = Stylotella simplissima (Bowerbank,1874)<br />
Roscoff Roscoff, British Isles?<br />
H. normani Burton,1930<br />
Skagerrak, Koster Channel in 80-200m, Trondheimsfjorden<br />
H. virgulatum Bowerbank,1882<br />
E England<br />
H. osculum Lundbeck,1902 Topsentia Berg,1899<br />
E & W Greenland = Trachyopsis Dendy,1905<br />
= Alloscleria Topsent,1927<br />
H. panicea (Pallas,1766) ()<br />
= Coelocalypta Topsent,1928<br />
= Isodictya crassa Bowerbank<br />
= Oxeostilon Ferrer-Hernandez,1923<br />
Kattegatt, Skagerrak, all Norway, Faeroes, S <strong>North</strong> Sea, British Isles, Ireland, Roscoff,<br />
Iceland, Bear Island, Spitsbergen, Barents Sea, Jan Mayen, Mediterranean, Senegal,<br />
= Laminospongia Pulitzer-Finali,1983<br />
cosmopolitan<br />
T. dificilis (Lundbeck,1902)<br />
= Halichondria dificilis Lundbeck,1902<br />
H. sitiens (O. Schmidt,1870)<br />
= Eumastia sitiens O. Schmidt,1870<br />
Öresund, W Norway, off W & SW Iceland, Arctic, British Isles, Roscoff<br />
Bergen - N Norway, Iceland, Spitsbergen, Greenland<br />
Didiscus Dendy,1922<br />
H. tenuispiculata Brøndsted,1916<br />
NE Greenland<br />
H. topsenti de Laubenfels,1936<br />
POECILOSCLERIDA Topsent,1928<br />
MYCALINA Hajdu, van Soest & Hooper,1993<br />
= Halichondria reticulata (Bowerbank,1866)<br />
* Considered to be a form of H. panicea by many<br />
Mycalidae Lundbeck,1905<br />
Shetlands, Roscoff, Ireland<br />
Mycale J.E. Gray,1867 (also subgenus)<br />
= Acamas Duchassaing de Fonbressin & Michelotti,1864 (p.p.)<br />
H. velamentosa (Armauer Hansen,1885) = Acamasina de Laubenfels,1936 (used as subgenus) ( Acamas laxissima<br />
N Norway in 271-355m, Spitsbergen, off N & E Iceland<br />
Duchassaing de Fonbressin & Michelotti,1864)<br />
= Aegogropila J.E. Gray,1867 (used as subgenus) ( Halichondria aegogropila<br />
Ciocalypta Bowerbank,1862<br />
Johnston,1842)<br />
= Leucophloeus Carter,1883 = Carmia J.E. Gray,1867 (used as subgenus) ( Hymedesmia macilenta<br />
= Apatospongia Marshall,1892<br />
Bowerbank,1866)<br />
= Uritiaia Burton,1932 = Esperella Vosmaer,1885<br />
= Esperia Nardo,1833 (p.p.)<br />
C. penicillus Bowerbank,1864 ()<br />
= Grapelia J.E. Gray,1867 (used as subgenus)<br />
Helgoland, Netherlands, Belgium, British Isles, Ireland, Roscoff, Iceland, Portugal,<br />
= Mycalecarmia de Laubenfels,1936<br />
Mediterranean,<br />
= Oxycarmia de Laubenfels,1954<br />
= Parisociella Burton,1952<br />
Spongosorites Topsent,1896 ( Spongosorites placenta Topsent,1896) = Protoesperia Czerniavsky,1879<br />
= Anisoxya sensu Topsent,1898, non Anisoxia Mulsant,1856 = Pseudoesperia Carter,1886<br />
= Trachyopsis Dendy,1905 = Raphioderma Bowerbank,1869<br />
= Aponastra Topsent,1927<br />
S. fibrosa (Fristedt,1887)<br />
= Raphiodesma Bowerbank,1874 (p.p.)<br />
= Sceptrospongia Dendy,1926<br />
= Halichondria (Topsentia Berg,1899) fibrosa (Fristedt,1887) M. adhaerens (Lambe,1893)<br />
= Amorpina fibrosa Fristedt,1887<br />
= Esperella adhaerens Lambe,1893<br />
Koster Channel, Stavanger, Spitsbergen, Arctic, Roscoff<br />
S. genitrix (O. Schmidt,1870)<br />
= Esperella lingua var. arctica Fristedt,1887<br />
Greenland Sea, N Cold Pacific, in 0-270 m.<br />
= Raspaigella O. Schmidt,1868 (Spongosorites Topsent,1896) genitrix O. Schmidt,1870 M. arctica (Hentschel,1929)<br />
= Topsentia genitrix (O. Schmidt,1870) = Rhaphidotheca arctica Hentschel,1929<br />
Stavanger, Arctic, British Isles, Roscoff Barents Sea, off N Spitsbergen, high Arctic, in 124-446 m.<br />
S. glabra (Topsent,1904) M. (Aegogropila J.E. Gray,1867) contarenii (Martens,1824)<br />
Br. Isles = Desmacidon copiosus Bowerbank,1869<br />
= Desmacidon aegagropila : Bowerbank,1866<br />
Axinyssa von Lendenfeld,1897 ( Axinyssa topsenti von Lendenfeld,1897) = Mycale intermedia (O. Schmidt,1870)<br />
= Pseudaxinyssa Burton,1931 = Esperia modesta : Arndt,1935<br />
= Axinomimus de Laubenfels,1936<br />
Roscoff, British Isles, Ireland<br />
A. digitata (Cabioch,1968)<br />
M. (Mycale) lingua lingua (Bowerbank,1866)<br />
= Pseudaxinyssa digitata Cabioch,1968 = Halichondria lingua Bowerbank,1858 (n. nud.)<br />
Roscoff = Hymeniacidon lingua Bowerbank,1866 ()<br />
= Desmacidon constrictus Bowerbank,1866<br />
Hymeniacidon Bowerbank,1863 = Esperia lucifera O. Schmidt,1873<br />
= Hymeniacidon Bowerbank,1861 (nom. nud.) = Raphiodesma lingua : Bowerbank,1874<br />
= Amorphilla Thiele,1898<br />
= Mycale massa : Auctt. non (O. Schmidt,1862)<br />
= Thielia Burton,1932 = Esperia constricta : Vosmaer,1882<br />
= Rhaphidostyla Burton,1935 = Esperia laevis Carter,1882<br />
= Nailondra de Laubenfels,1954 = Esperella vosmaeri Levinsen,1886<br />
= Rhaphoxiella Burton,1934 = Esperella murrayi, Ridley &Dendy,1886<br />
= Stylohalina Kirk,1909 = Esperia laevis Goreau & Hartman,1966<br />
= Thieleia Burton,1932 Bohuslän, Skagerrak, all Norway, N Scotland, Shetlands, Faeroes, off NW Spain, Azores,<br />
= Uritaia Burton,1932<br />
Kara Sea, Bear Island, Spitsbergen, Jan Mayen, Iceland, Barents Sea, off S Greenland, E<br />
Greenland, Mediterranean, in 0-2460 m.<br />
10
M. (Mycale) lingua placoides (Carter,1876) C. corticocancellata Carter,1876<br />
= Esperia placoides Carter,1876 off S & N Faeroes<br />
Väderö-Koster Channel system, Skagerrak, all Norway, Spitsbergen, <strong>North</strong> Sea, Shetlands,<br />
off W Ireland, Faeroes, Iceland, Denmark Strait, Arctic C. gelida Lundbeck,1905<br />
M. (Carmia J.E. Gray,1867) macilenta (Bowerbank,1866)<br />
= Hymeniacidon macilenta Bowerbank,1866<br />
=? Raphiodesma fallaciosum Bowerbank,1882<br />
Bohusl. (Klinken), Bergen, British Isles, Roscoff, Ireland, Belgium (Lusitanian-West<br />
Indian)<br />
Faeroes Channel, off N Scotland, off W Norway, Spitsbergen, Greenland Sea-abyssal<br />
Arctic bassin, in 1098-4310m<br />
C. iniquidentata Lundbeck,1905<br />
off E Faeroes<br />
C. oxeata Lundbeck,1905<br />
M. massa (O. Schmidt,1862) Spitsbergen, off W Iceland, off N Faeroes, E Greenland<br />
NE <strong>Atlantic</strong><br />
C. tenuisigma Lundbeck,1905<br />
M. micracanthoxea Buizer & van Soest,1977 Norwegian Sea, off S Jan Mayen, off SW Spitsbergen, Laptev Sea, in 371-1834 m.<br />
Netherlands, Gibraltar<br />
M. minima (Waller,1880)<br />
= Esperella littoralis Topsent,1891<br />
Ireland, Roscoff (Mediterranean-Lusitanian)<br />
Chondrocladia Wyville Thomson,1873 ( C. virgata Wyville Thomson,1873)<br />
= Neocladia Koltun,1970<br />
C. gigantea (Armauer Hansen,1885)<br />
= Desmacidon clavatum Armauer Hansen,1885<br />
M. retifera Topsent,1924 = Desmacidon nucleus Armauer Hansen,1885<br />
Roscoff = Desmacidon arcticum Armauer Hansen,1885<br />
= Cladorhiza nobilis Fristedt,1887<br />
M. (Aegogropila J.E. Gray,1867) rotalis (Bowerbank,1874)<br />
off W Norway, between Faeroes & Iceland, between Faeroes & Ireland, off N Iceland,<br />
Stavanger, Roscoff, British Isles, Ireland (Mediterranean-Lusitanian)<br />
M. (Carmia J.E. Gray,1867) similaris Bowerbank,1874)<br />
between Jan Mayen & Greenland, E Greenland, between Greenland & Canada, in 238-<br />
2127 m.<br />
= Rhaphiodesma sordida (Bowerbank,1874)<br />
Asbestopluma Lankester, 1882 ex Norman MS<br />
= Hymeniacidon subclavata Bowerbank,1866 = Cotylina Lundbeck,1905<br />
British Isles, Roscoff = Lycopodina Lundbeck,1905<br />
M. thaumatochela Lundbeck,1905 A. bihamatifera (Carter,1876)<br />
= Mycale varpachovskii Rezvoi,1924 off E & N Iceland, Denmark Strait, off Faeroes, Spitsbergen, Barents Sea, Kara Sea, in 43-<br />
Barents Sea, White Sea, Kara Sea, E, NE & W Greenland, in 3-64 m.<br />
1000 m.<br />
M. titubans (O. Schmidt,1870) A. clavigera (Levinsen,1886)<br />
= Desmacidon titubans O. Schmidt,1870 = Esperella (Myxilla) clavigera Levinsen,1886<br />
off SW Iceland Kara Sea<br />
Oxymycale Hentschel,1929<br />
O. intermedia (O. Schmidt,1874)<br />
A. (Cotylina Lundbeck,1905) comata Lundbeck,1905<br />
off SW Iceland<br />
= Esperia intermedia O. Schmidt,1874 () A. (Lycopodina Lundbeck,1905) cupressiformis (Carter,1874)<br />
= Mycale intermedia : Thiele,1903 = Esperia cupressiformis Carter,1874<br />
NE Greenland, Barents Sea, Laptev Sea, in 17-325 m. = Esperella fristedtii Lambe,1900 (p.p.)<br />
between Scotland & Faeroes, between Faeroes & Iceland, E Greenland, Barents Sea, Kara<br />
Rhaphidotheca Saville-Kent,1870 ( Rhaphidotheca marshallhalli Saville-Kent,1870)<br />
Sea, in 91-719 m.<br />
R. marshallhalli Saville-Kent,1870 A. furcata Lundbeck,1905<br />
= Mycale marshallhalli (Saville-Kent,1870) off Ålesund in 823m, between Faeroes & Iceland, abyssal Arctic bassin<br />
= Rhaphidotheca rhopalophora (O. Schmidt,1875)<br />
Säcken coral reef, Skagerrak - Bergen, boreal <strong>North</strong> <strong>Atlantic</strong> A. (Lycopodina Lundbeck,1905) hydra Lundbeck,1905<br />
between Iceland & Jan Mayen in deep water<br />
Stylinos Topsent,1891 ( Isodictya uniformis Bowerbank,1864)<br />
=? Ulosa de Laubenfels,1936 A. (Cotylina Lundbeck,1905) infundibulum Levinsen,1886<br />
= Stylaxinella Vacelet,1960 = A. calyx Hentschel,1914<br />
off S & N Faeroes, off N Iceland, off S Jan Mayen, Kara Sea, in 91-710 m<br />
S. digitatus (O. Schmidt,1866)<br />
=? S. tupha (Pallas,1776) A. (Lycopodina Lundbeck,1905) lycopodium (Levinsen,1886)<br />
= Halichondria inornata Bowerbank,1866<br />
= Esperella lycopodium Levinsen,1886<br />
= Desmacidon pannosus Bowerbank,1874<br />
= Esperella occidentalis Lambe,1893<br />
* If Ulosa de Laubenfels is considered as a separate genus, this species should be named<br />
U. digitata<br />
Väderö Channel, Skagerrak, Belgium, Shetlands,Br. Isles, Ireland, Roscoff<br />
A. minuta (Lambe,1900)<br />
S. fristedti Topsent,1913 = Esperella minuta Lambe,1900<br />
Lofoten Denmark Strait, Kara Sea, in 336-698 m.<br />
= Esperella fristedtii Lambe,1900 (p.p.)<br />
off Faeroes, off Shetlands, between Faeroes & Norway, off S Jan Mayen, Kara Sea<br />
Esperiopsis Carter,1882 A. pennatula (O. Schmidt,1875)<br />
* belongs to Myxillidae according to van Soest & Stone,1986 = Cladorhiza pennatula O. Schmidt,1875 ()<br />
= Cladorhiza nordenskioeldii Fristedt,1887<br />
E. artemisinae Brøndsted,1932 = Esperella plumosa Arnesen,1903<br />
Faeroes<br />
Koster Channel, Singlefjord, W & N Norway, Barents Sea, Spitsbergen, between Faeroes<br />
& Iceland, off S Iceland, E Greenland, off SW Ireland, off N Scotland, in 180-1000 m.<br />
E. flagellum Lundbeck,1905<br />
off SE Iceland A. picea Vosmaer,1881-82<br />
Kara Sea<br />
E. forcipula Lundbeck,1905<br />
Barents Sea, Spitsbergen, Denmark Strait, in 101-365 m. A. vosmaeri (Levinsen,1886)<br />
= Esperella vosmaeri Levinsen,1886<br />
E. incognita Stephens,1916 = Esperella lancis affinis Vosmaer,1881-82<br />
Ireland Kara Sea<br />
?E. involuta (Bowerbank,1882) Desmacididae Gray,1872<br />
= Isodictya involuta Bowerbank,1882 = Guitarridae Burton,1929<br />
Ireland<br />
Desmacidon Bowerbank,1862<br />
E. macrosigma Stephens,1916<br />
Ireland D. cylindraceus (Bowerbank,1882)<br />
E. palmata ?,1???<br />
Spitsbergen<br />
E. schmidti Arnesen,1903<br />
Norway (Bergen area & Osterfjord)<br />
* Is this a synonym of another species?<br />
E England<br />
D. fruticosum (Montagu,1818)<br />
= Spongia fruticosa Montagu,1818 ()<br />
British Isles, Roscoff<br />
E. typichela Lundbeck,1905 Guitarra Carter,1874<br />
E Greenland, Barents Sea, Spitsbergen, White Sea, Laptev Sea, in 36-542 m. = Pocilloguitarra Topsent,1928<br />
E. villosa (Carter,1874) G. fimbriata Carter,1874 ()<br />
= Esperia villosa Carter,1874 () = G. voluta Topsent,1904<br />
British Isles, between Scotland & Faeroes, Iceland, E Greenland, Spitsbergen, Kola fjord,<br />
= G. antarctica Hentschel,1914<br />
Azores, Antarctic, in 37-2187 m.<br />
= G. indica Dendy,1916<br />
= G. sigmatifera Topsent,1917<br />
Cladorhizidae de Laubenfels,1936<br />
Cladorhiza M. Sars,1872<br />
= G. bipocillifera Brøndstedt,1924<br />
Britain, Roscoff, in 28-188 m, Spanish Mediterranean<br />
= Cladorhiza M. Sars,1869 (nom.nud.) G. laplani Boury-Esnault, Pansini & Uriz,1993<br />
= Axinoderma Ridley & Dendy,1886<br />
= Trochoderma Ridley & Dendy,1886<br />
NE <strong>Atlantic</strong><br />
= Exaxinata de Laubenfels,1936 G. solorzanoi Cristobo,1998<br />
= Raoa de Laubenfels,1936 NW Iberian peninsula<br />
C. abyssicola M. Sars,1872 ()<br />
Skagerrak in 500m or more, Trondheimsfjorden, Lofoten area, Barents Sea, Spitsbergen,<br />
off S Iceland, Mediterranean, Madeira<br />
Hamacanthidae J.E. Gray,1872<br />
Hamacantha J.E. Gray,1867<br />
= Vomerula O. Schmidt,1880<br />
C. arctica Koltun,1959 = Zygherpe de Laubenfels,1932<br />
= Cladorhiza arctica Burton,1946 (nom. nud.) = Athnacama de Laubendels,1936<br />
Kara Sea, abyssal Arctic, in 2040-2365 m. = Evomerula de Laubenfels,1936<br />
11
= Hypsispongia de Laubenfels,1935 (p.p.)<br />
=? Crellancistra de Laubenfels,1936 Histodermella Lundbeck,1910<br />
= Hiltonus de Laubenfels,1936<br />
H. falcula (Bowerbank,1869)<br />
Säcken coral reef - W Norway - Troms, Shetlands H. ingolfi Lundbeck,1910 ()<br />
H. implicans Lundbeck,1902<br />
Stavanger - Lofoten, Arctic, between Faeroes & Iceland, off S Iceland, Denmark Strait,<br />
Barents Sea, Spitsbergen, ?Bay of Biscay, ?Azores, in 144-1442 m.<br />
off SW Iceland<br />
H. coriacea Lundbeck,1910<br />
off SW Iceland<br />
H. johnsoni (Bowerbank,1862) H. spp.<br />
= Hymedesmia johnsoni Bowerbank,1862 ()<br />
Bergen - Lofoten, Arctic<br />
* Stone & al.,1984, list this taxon from the British Isles<br />
Forcepia Carter,1874 ( Forcepia colonensis Carter,1974)<br />
H. bowerbanki Lundbeck,1902 = Ectoforcepia Cabioch,1968<br />
* Possibly a synonym of one of Bowerbanks species. = Forcepina Vosmaer,1885<br />
between Faeroes & Iceland, off S Iceland, Denmark Strait = Trachyforcepia Topsent,1904<br />
Desmacellidae Ridley & Dendy,1886 F. fabricans (O. Schmidt,1874)<br />
= Biemnidae Hentschel,1923 + Sigmaxinellidae Lévi<br />
off <strong>North</strong> Cape, Bear Island, E Greenland, between Faeroes & Norway<br />
Biemna J.E. Gray,1867<br />
F. forcipis (Bowerbank,1866)<br />
= Allantophora Whitelegge,1907 = Halichondria forceps Bowerbank<br />
= Toxemna Hallmann,1917<br />
Säcken coral reef, Gullmarn, Stavanger & Bergen area, Shetlands, Faeroes, between<br />
Scotland & Shetlands, off SW Iceland<br />
B. variantia (Bowerbank,1858)<br />
= Halichondria varianta Bowerbank,1861 F. fragilis Stephens,1917<br />
= Desmacella (O. Schmidt,1870) varianta (Bowerbank,1858) : Lundbeck,1902 Ireland<br />
= Desmacidon peachii Bowerbank,1866 ()<br />
= Desmacella hamifera Lundbeck,1902 F. groenlandica Fristedt,1887<br />
= Desmacella peachii var. groenlandica Fristedt,1887 E Greenland, ?Azores<br />
= Gellius capilliferus Levinsen,1886<br />
= Gellius gemmuliferus Breitfuss,1912 (p.p.) F. psammophila (Cabioch,1968)<br />
Väderö Channel, Säcken, Skagerrak, Br. Isles, all Norway, Faeroes, between Faeroes &<br />
= Ectoforcepia psammophila Cabioch,1968 ( of Ectoforcepia Cabioch,1968)<br />
Iceland, Denmark Strait, off S Iceland, Spitsbergen, E Greenland, Kara Sea, Roscoff, Spain,<br />
Roscoff<br />
Mediterranean, in 62-1000m.<br />
F. thielei Lundbeck,1905<br />
B. corrugata (Bowerbank,1866) = Forcepina thielei (Lundbeck,1905)<br />
= Halichondria corrugata Bowerbank,1866 off S Iceland<br />
* Possibly a synonym of B. varianta (Bowerbank)?<br />
Isle of Man, Guernsey, Ireland F. topsenti Lundbeck,1905<br />
between Jan Mayen & Iceland (abyssal Arctic bassin)<br />
Desmacella O. Schmidt,1870 ( Desmacella pumilio O.Schmidt,1870)<br />
= Desmacodes Vosmaer,1880<br />
Ectyodoryx Lundbeck,1909<br />
= Tylodesma Thiele,1903<br />
= Tylosigma Topsent,1904 E. atlanticus Stephens,1916<br />
= Sigmatylotella Burton,1932 Roscoff, Ireland<br />
= Sigmatoxella de Laubenfels,1936<br />
E. foliata (Fristedt,1887)<br />
D. annexa (O. Schmidt,1870) = Hastatus foliatus Fristedt,1887 ()<br />
= Sigmatoxella annexa (O. Schmidt,1870)<br />
Stavanger area, Arctic, Britain<br />
= Tylodesma annexa (O. Schmidt,1870)<br />
W Norway, off W Iceland, Engl. Channel inlet, Ireland, Arctic, Roscoff, Mediterranean E. loyningi Burton,1934<br />
off N Norway<br />
D. informis Stephens,1916<br />
= Tylodesma informis (Stephens,1916) E. multiformis Brøndsted,1932<br />
Ireland, Azores Faeroes<br />
D. inornata (Bowerbank,1866) E. olgae Hentschel,1928<br />
= Halichondria inornatus Bowerbank,1864 ( of Tylodesma Thiele,1903) Spitsbergen<br />
= Tylodesma inornata (Bowerbamk,1866)<br />
NE Skagerrak - Bergen, Shetlands E. stephensi Burton,1930<br />
Norway<br />
D. rosea Fristedt,1887<br />
= Tylodesma rosea (Fristedt,1887) E.? oligacantha Hentschel,1928<br />
= Biemna dautzenbergi Topsent,1892 Spitsbergen<br />
Norw. Sea, Bear Island, Barents Sea, off SW Iceland, off E Greenland, off N Spitsbergen,<br />
off Azores, in 85-1442 m. Lissodendoryx Topsent,1892 ( Tedania leptoderma Topsent,1889)<br />
= Paramyxilla Dendy,1905<br />
MYXILLINA Hajdu, van Soest & Hooper,1993 = Jones de Laubenfels,1936<br />
= Xytopsihis de Laubenfels,1936<br />
Crambidae Lévi,1963, non Latreille,1810 (Lepidoptera) = Zetekispongia de Laubenfels,1936<br />
Coelosphaeridae Hentschel,1923<br />
= Zetekopsis de Laubenfels,1936<br />
= Zottea de Laubenfels,1936<br />
Inflatella O. Schmidt,1875<br />
L. complicata (Armauer Hansen,1885)<br />
= Joyeuxia Topsent,1890 = Reniera complicata Armauer Hansen,1885<br />
= Myxilla grisea Armauer Hansen,1885<br />
I. pellicula O. Schmidt,1875 () = Clathria corallorhizoides Fristedt,1887<br />
= Reniera inflata Armauer Hansen,1885<br />
off N Faeroes, off S Jan Mayen, NE Greenland, off N Scotland, Spitsbergen, abyssal Arctic<br />
Stavanger, Iceland, Denmark Strait, Britain, Azores<br />
bassin, in 100-1242 m.<br />
I. rhodus (Hentschel,1929) L. diversichela Lundbeck,1905<br />
= Hymedesmia rhodus Hentschel,1929<br />
Barents Sea, Spitsbergen, Kara Sea, Laptev Sea<br />
I. viridis (Topsent,1892)<br />
Bergen area - Troms, Spitsbergen, off W Norway, Iceland, SW Ireland, Murmansk,<br />
Denmark Strait, in 49-1441 m.<br />
L. fragilis (Fristedt,1885)<br />
Denmark Strait, between Iceland & Azores = Hastatus fragilis Fristedt,1885<br />
Koster area, Skagerrak - Troms, Faeroes, Britain, Iceland, Denmark Strait, in 63-183 m.<br />
?I. sp. Könnecker,1973<br />
Ireland L. indistincta (Fristedt,1887)<br />
= Hastatus indistinctus Fristedt,1887<br />
Cornulum Carter,1876 Spitsbergen, E Greenland, Iceland, Bear Island, Barents Sea, Davis Strait, in 9-512 m.<br />
* Is this a valid genus?<br />
L. laxa de Laubenfels,1935<br />
C. textile Carter,1876 () California, ?Iceland<br />
off Shetlands, off Faeroes, E Greenland, W Barents Sea, in 113-668 m.<br />
L. lobosa Lundbeck,1905<br />
C. enteromorphoides (Fristedt,1887) Denmark Strait, Davis Strait, Iceland, off SW Iceland<br />
Trondheimsfjord<br />
L. lundbecki Topsent,1913<br />
Stavanger area, Spitsbergen, Britain, Arctic, in 95-384 m.<br />
Coelosphaera Wyville Thomson,1873 ( Coelosphaera tubifex Wyville<br />
Thomson,1873)<br />
= Histoderma Carter,1874 L. sophia (Fristedt,1887)<br />
= Histioderma Carter,1886 = Esperia sophia Fristedt,1887<br />
= Sideroderma sensu Ridley & Dendy,1886<br />
= Siderodermella Dendy,1921<br />
off S Iceland, E Greenland, Barents Sea, Spitsbergen, off Morocco, in 165-2089 m.<br />
= Xytopsoocho de Laubenfels,1936<br />
L. stipitata (Arnesen,1903)<br />
= Coelosphaericon Bakus,1966<br />
C. physa (O. Schmidt,1875)<br />
Stavanger area, Nordland, off N Faeroes, between Shetlands & Norway, Iceland, off NE<br />
Iceland, in 503-1783 m.<br />
= Desmacidon physa O. Schmidt,1875<br />
L. vicina Lundbeck,1905<br />
= Histoderma physa (O. Schmidt,1875)<br />
= Cornulum ascidioides Fristedt,1887<br />
S Denmark Strait<br />
* Stone & al.,1984, list Histoderma Carter,1874= Coelosphaera spp. from the British<br />
Leptolabis Topsent,1904<br />
Isles.<br />
= Clinolabis Topsent,1927<br />
Koster Channel-Säcken in ca 80m, Skagerrak, W & N Norway, between Faeroes &<br />
= Labisophlita de Laubenfels,1936<br />
Iceland, Denmark Strait, Spitsbergen, Murmansk, Azores, in 141-1000 m.<br />
C. appendiculata (Carter,1874)<br />
= Marcusoldia de Laubenfels,1936<br />
* Correct family placement? or in Hymedesmiidae?<br />
= Histoderma appendiculatum Carter,1874 ( of Histoderma Carter,1874) L. assimilis Lundbeck,1910<br />
W Ireland, off W Faeroes, off SW Iceland, in 129-1478 m. off W Faeroes<br />
12
= Iotroata de Laubenfels,1936 ( Iotroata acanthostylifera Stephens,1916)<br />
L. luciensis (Topsent,1888) = Iotaota de Laubenfels,1936<br />
= Dendoryx luciensis Topsent,1888 () = Hymenotrocha Burton,1930<br />
Britain, Roscoff<br />
L. pustula (Fristedt,1887)<br />
= Esperia pustula Fristedt,1887<br />
Väderö-Koster Channel system<br />
H. topsenti (Burton,1930)<br />
= Hymenotrocha topsenti Burton,1930<br />
Stavanger area<br />
Iotrochota Ridley,1884 ( I. bacculifera Ridley,1884)<br />
Tedaniidae Ridley & Dendy,1886<br />
= Hiattrochota de Laubenfels,1950<br />
= Iotrochostyla de Laubenfels,1954<br />
Tedania J.E. Gray,1867 ( Reniera digitata O. Schmidt,1862 (= Halichondria<br />
anhelans Lieberkühn,1859))<br />
I. abyssi (Carter,1874)<br />
= Trachytedania Ridley,1881 (used as subgenus) ( Trachytedania spinata<br />
Stavanger area - Troms, NW Shetlands, off SE Iceland<br />
Ridley,1881)<br />
= Tedaniopsis Dendy,1924 (used as subgenus) ( Tedaniopsis turbinata Dendy,1924) I. acanthostylifera Stephens,1916<br />
= Paratedania Burton,1929 Ireland<br />
= Oxytedania Sarà,1978<br />
I. affinis Lundbeck,1905<br />
T. suctoria O. Schmidt,1870<br />
E Greenland (ca 70° N)<br />
Stavanger - Troms, Barents Sea, Spitsbergen, Iceland, Faeroes, off SW Iceland, between<br />
Shetlands & Faeroes & Iceland, Denmark Strait, Azores, Cape Verde<br />
I. intermedia Lundbeck,1905<br />
between Faeroes & Iceland<br />
Myxillidae Topsent,1928<br />
= Desmacidonidae J.E. Gray I. oxeata Lundbeck,1905<br />
= Esperiopsidae Hentschel off E Faeroes, Denmark Strait<br />
Myxilla O. Schmidt,1862 I. polydentata Lundbeck,1905<br />
= Dendoryx J.E. Gray,1867 Faeroes, N Iceland, between Madeira & Portugal<br />
= Emplocus Gray, 1867<br />
= Tereus J.E. Gray,1867 I. rotulancora Lundbeck,1905<br />
= Stegxella Bowerbank,1874 = I. dubia Lundbeck,1905 (synonymy established by Koltun 1959)<br />
= Hastatus Vosmaer,1880 Spitsbergen, E Greenland (ca 70° N), W Barents Sea, Denmark Strait, in 90-342 m.<br />
= Stelodoryx Topsent,1904 (used as subgenus) ( Stelodoryx procera Topsent,1904)<br />
= Ectyomyxilla Lundbeck,1909 (used as subgenus) ( Ectomyxilla kerguelensis<br />
Hentschel,1914)<br />
= Crellomyxilla Dendy,1924<br />
= Burtonanchora de Laubenfels,1936 (used as subgenus) ( Myxilla crucifera<br />
Wilson,1925)<br />
= Pseudomyxilla Koltun,1955 ( P. vitiazi Koltun,1955 - Bering & Okhotsk Sea)<br />
= Styloptilon Cabioch,1968 (used as subgenus)<br />
I. spinosa Lundbeck,1905<br />
off SE Jan Mayen (deep water)<br />
I. varidens Lundbeck,1905<br />
off S Faeroes, Denmark Strait<br />
Amphilectus Vosmaer,1880<br />
M. (Styloptilon) ancoratum (Cabioch,1968) A. fucorum (Esper,1794)<br />
= Styloptilon ancoratum Cabioch,1968 ( of Styloptilon Cabioch,1968)<br />
= Isodictya fucorum : Bowerbank,1866<br />
Roscoff = Isodictya edwardii Bowerbank,1866<br />
= Isodictya normani Bowerbank,1866<br />
M. brunnea Armauer Hansen,1885 = Isodictya gracilis Bowerbank,1866 ()<br />
= Myxilla hastatispiculata Svarchevskii,1906 = Isodictya uniformis Bowerbank,1866<br />
Troms, off N & E Iceland, Denmark Strait, Barents Sea, Bear Island, Spitsbergen, between<br />
Spitsbergen & Norway, Kara Sea, Davis Strait, in 20-300 m.<br />
Öresund-Bohuslän, Skagerrak, Faeroes, Iceland, Arctic, British Isles, Ireland, Roscoff<br />
A. strongylatus Alander,1942<br />
M. diversiancorata Lundbeck,1905<br />
Denmark Strait<br />
Säcken, Väderö Channel<br />
Plocamiancora Topsent,1927<br />
M. fibrosa Levinsen,1893<br />
* May be a synonym of M. rosacea ?<br />
* Correct family? or Anchionidae?<br />
Kattegatt<br />
M. fimbriata (Bowerbank,1864)<br />
P. arndti Alander,1942<br />
Skagerrak, Väderö Channel, W Scotland<br />
= Halichondria fimbriata Bowerbank,1861 (nomen nudum?)<br />
= Isodictya fimbriata Bowerbank,1864<br />
Hymenancora Lundbeck,1910 ( Leptosia umbellifera Topsent,1904)<br />
= Halichondria dickiei Bowerbank,1866 H. conjungens Lundbeck,1910<br />
= Halichondria granulata Bowerbank,1866<br />
= Isodictya lurida Bowerbank,1866<br />
Väderöarna, off S Iceland<br />
Bohuslän archipelago in 35-200m, British Isles, Shetlands, Faeroes, Iceland, off W & SW<br />
H. duplicata Lundbeck,1910<br />
Iceland, Jan Mayen, Egersund - Trondheimsfjorden - Troms, Roscoff, Barents Sea, in 37-<br />
582 m.<br />
Denmark Strait<br />
H. interjecta Lundbeck,1910<br />
M. (Stelodoryx) flabellata (Koltun,1959)<br />
= Stelodoryx flabellata Koltun,1959<br />
off S Iceland, Denmark Strait<br />
Kara Sea, Greenland Sea - deeper than 2300 m.<br />
H. tenuisclera Lundbeck,1910<br />
Säcken coral reef, Trondheimsfjorden, between Norway & Faeroes, off W Faeroes, off S &<br />
M. inaequitornota Burton,1931<br />
Bergen - Nordland<br />
E Iceland<br />
Homoeodictya Ehlers,1870<br />
M. iotrochotina (Topsent,1892) = Neoesperiopsis de Laubenfels,1949<br />
<strong>Atlantic</strong>, Gibraltar, Mediterranean<br />
M. incrustans (Esper,1805)<br />
= Platychalina Ehlers,1870<br />
= Textiliforma de Laubenfels,1936<br />
= Alcyonium incrustans Esper,1805 H. flabelliformis (Armauer Hansen,1885)<br />
= Halichondria incrustans : Johnston,1842 = Myxilla flabelliformis Armauer Hansen,1885<br />
= Halichondria saburrata Johnston,1842 = Platychalina (Ehlers,1870) flabelliformis (Armauer Hansen,1885)<br />
= Myxilla barentsi Vosmaer,1885 = Desmacidon clavellata : Arnesen,1903<br />
= Myxilla lacunosa Lambe,1892<br />
= Homoeodictya (Ehlers,1870) flabelliformis : Lundbeck,1905<br />
= Myxilla behringensis Lambe,1894<br />
Bergen, Trondheimsfjorden, off W Spitsbergen, Iceland, off SW & SE Iceland, off NE<br />
= Myxilla flexitornota Rezvoj,1925<br />
= Myxilla gigas Svarchevskii,1906<br />
Faeroes, Barents Sea, Spitsbergen, in 56 -1097 m.<br />
= Myxilla iophonioides Svarchevskii,1906 H. palmata (Ellis & Solander,1786)<br />
Öresund-Bohuslän in 12-50m, Bergen - Varangerfjorden, Helgoland, Roscoff, Br. Isles,<br />
= Spongia palmata Ellis & Solander,1786<br />
Orkneys, Shetlands, Hebrides, Ireland, Faeroes, Iceland, Jan Mayen, Bear Island,<br />
= Spongia digitata Esper,1797 ()<br />
Spitsbergen, White Sea, Bay of Biscay, E Greenland, Mediterranean, Cosmopolitan,<br />
= Halichondria palmata : Johnston,1842<br />
intertidal - 2540 m.<br />
= Platychalina palmata : (Johnston,1842)<br />
= Isodictya palmata : Bowerbank,1866<br />
M. pedunculata Lundbeck,1905 = Pachychalina compressa O. Schmidt,1870<br />
between Faeroes & Iceland, off S Jan Mayen, Kara Sea, in 28-1073 m. = Veluspa polymorpha var. arctica Miklukho Maklaj,1870<br />
= Homoeodictya digitata Ehlers,1870<br />
M. perspinosa Lundbeck,1905<br />
= Homoeodictya (Ehlers,1870) palmata : Lundbeck,1905<br />
Britain, Spitsbergen, Jan Mayen = Chalina palmata : Carter,1882<br />
= Pachychalina schmidtii Lundbeck,1902<br />
M. (Stelodoryx) pluridentata Lundbeck,1905<br />
= Pachychalina excelsa O. Schmidt,1870<br />
Iceland, Falkland Islands, in 37-227 m. * Closely related to the <strong>North</strong> Pacific species Esperiopsis digitata (Miklukho-<br />
Maklaj,1870) (= Veluspa polymorpha digitata Miklukho-Maklaj,1870) according to<br />
M. (Myxilla) rosacea (Lieberkühn,1859)<br />
Smecher<br />
= Halichondria rosacea Lieberkühn,1859 ()<br />
Hanstholm, Skagerrak, Bergen, Trondheimsfjorden - NE Norway, N & E Britain, Ireland,<br />
Lofoten area, Spitsbergen, British Isles, Ireland, Roscoff, Faeroes, N Spain, Mediterranean,<br />
Shetlands, Orkneys, Faeroes, Iceland, ?Spitsbergen, White Sea, Kara Sea, Barents Sea,<br />
Azores, Cosmopolitan<br />
Netherlands, France, Mediterranean, in 9-104 m.<br />
M. cf. rosacea Paresperia Burton,1930<br />
* Presented under this name in Stone & al.,1984 * belongs to Myxillidae according to van Soest & Stone,1986<br />
British Isles (Strangford Lough on Modiolus modiolus )<br />
( A similar species possibly exists in Swedish waters) P. intermedia Burton,1930<br />
Norway, Britain<br />
Melonanchora Carter,1874<br />
M. elliptica Carter,1874 ()<br />
Stavanger - Lofoten, between Scotland & Faeroes, Faeroes, Iceland, E Greenland, Denmark<br />
Strait, Azores, in 106-385 m.<br />
M. emphysema (O. Schmidt,1875)<br />
Säcken, Skagerrak - W & N Norway, Spitsbergen, off SW Iceland, Denmark Strait<br />
Hymetrochota Topsent,1904<br />
Isodictya Bowerbank,1858 ( Spongia palmata de Lamarck,1814)<br />
I. paupercula Bowerbank,1882<br />
Ireland<br />
I. nodosa Bowerbank,1882<br />
Ireland<br />
13
Corybas J.E. Gray,1867 (p.p.), non Westwood, ex Boisduval MS, in Doubleday &<br />
British Isles, Roscoff<br />
Westwood,1850 (Lepidoptera)<br />
H. inflata (Alander,1938)<br />
?. lobata (Montagu,1818) = Hymoxenia inflata Alander,1938<br />
= Isodictya lobata : Bowerbank,1866 Trondheimsfjorden<br />
= Corybas lobata : J.E. Gray,1867<br />
= Chalinula ovulum O. Schmidt,1870 H. irregularis Lundbeck,1910<br />
= Esperia lanugo O. Schmidt,1875 Faeroes, off W & NW Iceland, Denmark Strait<br />
= Esperia stolonifera Merezhkovskii,1879<br />
= Esperella modesta Lambe,1894 H. jecusculum (Bowerbank,1866)<br />
* Temporary nongeneric placement, awaiting a genus name to supersede Corybas J.E.<br />
Br. Isles<br />
Gray,1867, non Westwood, ex Boisduval MS, in Doubleday & Westwood,1850<br />
(Lepidoptera). Will possibly be moved to Esperiopsinae.<br />
H. koehleri (Topsent,1896)<br />
Kieler Bucht-Kattegatt- Bohuslän, Skagerrak - Lofoten, Faeroes, Iceland, Spitsbergen,<br />
= Leptosia koehleri Topsent,1896<br />
White Sea, British Isles, intertidal - 235 m.<br />
Koster Channel, Säcken coral reef, off E Faeroes, between Faeroes & Iceland, Denmark<br />
Strait, Bay of Biscay, Azores<br />
Crambe Vosmaer,1880<br />
H. lacera Lundbeck,1910<br />
Pachychalina O. Schmidt,1868 off S Jan Mayen, E Greenland<br />
* Correct family? Synonymized with another genus?<br />
H. laevistylus Lundbeck,1910<br />
P. fracta Hentschel,1929 Denmark Strait<br />
Spitsbergen<br />
H. lamina Lundbeck,1910<br />
Hymedesmiidae Topsent,1928<br />
Säcken coral reef, Skagerrak, Faeroes, E Greenland<br />
Hymedesmia Bowerbank,1862 H. latrunculioides Lundbeck,1910<br />
= Sclerilla O. Schmidt,1868 off W Iceland, Denmark Strait<br />
= Holorodesmia Topsent,1928<br />
= Hymenamphiastra de Laubenfels,1930 H. lenta Descatoire,1966<br />
= Ferrerhernandezia de Laubenfels,1936 Britain<br />
= Hymoxenia Alander,1938<br />
= Quindesmia de Laubenfels,1950 H. levis Lundbeck,1910<br />
= Hymedesanisochela Bakus,1966 off E Faeroes,off W Iceland, Denmark Strait<br />
H. aenigma Lundbeck,1910 H. lieberkuhni Burton,1930<br />
Denmark Strait = Halichondria fasciculata Lieberkühn,1859, non Spongia fasciculata Pallas,1766<br />
NE <strong>Atlantic</strong><br />
H. areolata Thiele,1905<br />
Ireland H. longistylus Lundbeck,1910<br />
Trondheimsfjorden, off W Faeroes, off S Iceland, off Azores<br />
H. armiger (Bowerbank,1882)<br />
= Hymeniacidon armiger Bowerbank,1882 H. longiurus Lundbeck,1910<br />
Ireland Skagerrak, SE & N Iceland, Davis Strait<br />
H. baculifera (Topsent,1901) H. macrosigma Lundbeck,1910<br />
Bergen, off E Faeroes, off S Iceland, Britain, Roscoff, Denmark Strait, Mediterranean,<br />
off S Iceland, Denmark Strait<br />
Azores<br />
H. mamillaris (Fristedt,1885)<br />
H. bocki Alander,1942<br />
= Hastatus mamillaris Fristedt,1885<br />
= Esperia peachi Fristedt,1885, non Hymedesmia peachi Bowerbank,1888<br />
Bohuslän in 30-50m - Bergen, Spitsbergen, Arctic<br />
Säcken coral reef<br />
H. microchela Alander,1942<br />
H. bowerbanki Lundbeck,1910<br />
Säcken coral reef<br />
off W & NW Iceland<br />
H. bractea Lundbeck,1910<br />
Koster area, Gullmarfjord, Säcken, Skagerrak, Denmark Strait<br />
H. brondstedi Burton,1930<br />
= Hymeniacidon dujardini Bowerbank,1866, non Halisarca d. Carter<br />
British Isles, Ireland, Roscoff, Bay of Biscay, Azores, Mediterranean<br />
H. chlorosa Alander,1942<br />
Skagerrak in ca 400m<br />
H. clavigera Lundbeck,1910<br />
Skagerrak in 540m, Stavanger, Denmark Strait<br />
H. coronula (Bowerbank,1874)<br />
Stavanger, Shetlands, Arctic<br />
H. minuta Alander,1935<br />
Gullmarfjord, Koster area, Säcken coral reef, Skagerrak<br />
H. mollis Lundbeck,1910<br />
Skagerrak in 200-300m, W Norway, off W Faeroes, off S Iceland, Denmark Strait<br />
H. mucronata (Topsent,1904)<br />
Britain, <strong>Atlantic</strong> France<br />
H. mutabilis (Topsent,1904)<br />
Britain, <strong>Atlantic</strong> France<br />
H. norvegica Thiele,1903<br />
Stavanger, abyssal Arctic bassin<br />
H. consanguinea Lundbeck,1910<br />
Denmark Strait H. nummulus Lundbeck,1910<br />
Britain, off W & NW Iceland<br />
H. (Holorodesmia Topsent,1928) cordichela Alander,1942<br />
Väderöarna on Lophelia<br />
H. occulta Bowerbank,1869<br />
Roscoff, Scotland, Shetlands, between Faeroes & Iceland, off S Iceland, Denmark Strait,<br />
Azores, abyssal Arctic bassin<br />
H. crux (O. Schmidt,1875)<br />
Stavanger - Lofoten, off W Faeroes, Britain, off W & NW Iceland, ?White Sea<br />
H. pansa Bowerbank,1882<br />
Ireland, Roscoff<br />
H. paupertas (Bowerbank,1866)<br />
H. cultrisigma Lundbeck,1910 = Hymeniacidon paupertas Bowerbank,1866<br />
off SW Iceland<br />
= Anchinoe paupertas (Bowerbank,1866)<br />
Koster area in 85-200m, Skagerrak, Stavanger, Bergen, British Isles, Ireland, Roscoff<br />
H. curvichela Lundbeck,1910<br />
Skagerrak, Ramsö in 100-200m, Britain, off E & W Faeroes, off SW Ireland, off W &<br />
H. peachi Bowerbank,1882<br />
NW Iceland<br />
Roscoff, E Scotland<br />
H. derjugini (Breitfuss,1912) H. pennata Brøndsted,1932<br />
Spitsbergen<br />
Faeroes<br />
H. digitata Lundbeck,1910<br />
Skagerrak in 400m, Britain, Denmark Strait<br />
H. donsi Alander,1937<br />
Skagerrak in 200-300m, Trondheimsfjord<br />
H. dubia Lundbeck,1910<br />
Skagerrak in 400m, off E Faeroes<br />
H. perforata Lundbeck,1910<br />
Väderö-Koster Channel system in 65-200m, Stavanger, Trondheimsfjorden, N Norway, off<br />
S Iceland, Denmark Strait, between Faeroes & Iceland<br />
H. pilata Bowebank,1882<br />
Ireland<br />
H. planca Lundbeck,1910<br />
Trondheimsfjorden, off E Faeroes, off NW Iceland, Denmark Strait<br />
H. ebria Alander,1937<br />
Trondheimsfjorden H. platychela Lundbeck,1910<br />
Denmark Strait<br />
H. filifera (O. Schmidt,1875)<br />
Skagerrak in 400m, Bergen, Faeroes, Denmark Strait<br />
H. poicilacantha Alander,1942<br />
Skagerrak in ca 400m<br />
H. gisleni Alander,1942<br />
Skagerrak in ca 400m H. primitiva Lundbeck,1910<br />
= Stylopus primitivus (Lundbeck,1910)<br />
H. grandis Lundbeck,1910<br />
Skagerrak, Säcken coral reef, Singlefjord, off E Faeroes, between Faeroes & Iceland,<br />
off SW Iceland, Denmark Strait<br />
Denmark Strait, Br. Isles<br />
H. gunhildae Alander,1942<br />
Säcken & Väderö coral reefs, Skagerrak<br />
H. gustafsoni Alander,1942<br />
Säcken coral reef<br />
H. procumbens Lundbeck,1910<br />
Säcken coral reef, off S Iceland, Denmark Strait<br />
H. helgae Stephens,1916<br />
Ireland H. proxima Lundbeck,1910<br />
Skagerrak, Stavanger, off W Iceland<br />
H. hibernica Stephens,1916<br />
H. proteida (O. Schmidt,1868)<br />
= Hymedesmia simillima Lundbeck,1910<br />
Skagerrak in 100-200m, off E Faeroes, off S & W Iceland, Denmark Strait, Adriatic Sea<br />
14
H. pugio Lundbeck,1910 Skagerrak in 400m, Østfold-Lofoten<br />
off NW Iceland<br />
C. digitifera (Lévi,1959)<br />
H. radiata Bowerbank,1866<br />
= Pytheas digitifera Lévi,1959<br />
British Isles<br />
Roscoff<br />
H. rugosa Lundbeck,1910<br />
Stavanger, Denmark Strait<br />
C. donsi Burton,1931<br />
Trondheimsfjorden<br />
H. similis Lundbeck,1910<br />
C. elegans (O. Schmidt,1862)<br />
* Stephens,1921, suggest that this may be a synonyme of H. paupertas .<br />
= Cribrella elegans O. Schmidt,1862 ()<br />
Bohuslän in 65-200m, Stavanger, Trondheimsfjorden, Scotland, off E Faeroes, off S<br />
Helgoland, Britain, Mediterranean<br />
Iceland, Denmark Strait, abyssal Arctic bassin<br />
C. jaegerskioeldi Alander,1937<br />
H. spinosa Stephens,1916 Trondheimsfjorden<br />
Ireland<br />
C. polymastia (Thiele,1903)<br />
H. splenium Lundbeck,1910<br />
W Norway, Britain<br />
off N Iceland, abyssal Arctic bassin<br />
C. rosea (Topsent,1892)<br />
H. stephensi Burton,1930 = Yvesia rosea Topsent,1892<br />
* A possible synonym of Spanioplon armaturum (Bowerbank) = Pytheas rosea (Topsent,1892)<br />
Br. Isles British Isles, Roscoff, Belgium, Bergen, Mediterranean<br />
H. storea Lundbeck,1910<br />
Skagerrak in 400m, off N & NE Iceland<br />
H. tenuisigma Lundbeck,1910<br />
Skagerrak in 400m, W Ireland, off W & NW Iceland<br />
C. schottlaenderi (Arndt,1913)<br />
= Cometella pyrula Fristedt,1887<br />
* a common species<br />
H. stylata Lundbeck,1910 Koster area, W Norway<br />
between Jan Mayen & Iceland, abyssal Arctic bassin<br />
Grayella Carter,1869<br />
H. tenuicula Lundbeck,1910<br />
non = H. tenuicula Bowerbank,1882 (a synonym of Terpios fugax Duchassaing de<br />
G. akraleitae Brøndstedt,1932<br />
Fonbressin & Michelotti,1864)<br />
Skagerrak in 400m, Faeroes<br />
Säcken coral reef, Skagerrak, off E & W Faeroes, Denmark Strait<br />
G. gelida Lundbeck,1910<br />
off S Jan Mayen<br />
H. thielei Alander,1942<br />
G. pyrula (Carter,1876)<br />
= Sclerilla arctica Armauer Hansen,1885<br />
* Sibling Hymedesmia mamillaris<br />
= Sclerilla dura Armauer Hansen,1885<br />
Koster Channel-Säcken and Skagerrak in 100-400m, Stavanger = Yvesia lobata Arnesen,1903<br />
non = Cometella pyrula Fristedt,1887<br />
H. trichoma Lundbeck,1910<br />
Skagerrak in 400m, W Norway, British Isles, off NNW Orkneys, off S Faeroes, between<br />
off W Iceland<br />
Faeroes & Iceland, Iceland, Denmark Strait, Spitsbergen, Barents Sea, Spain, Azores<br />
H. truncata Lundbeck,1910<br />
Crellomima Rezvoi,1925<br />
Skagerrak in 400m, Faeroes, off N Iceland, Denmark Strait, E Greenland, Spitsbergen,<br />
= Damonilla de Laubenfels,1936<br />
between Spitsbergen & Franz Josefs Land, off SW Ireland<br />
C. derma Hentschel,1929<br />
H. veneta (O. Schmidt,1862) Faeroes, Spitsbergen, Arctic Seas<br />
Britain<br />
H. verrucosa Lundbeck,1910<br />
Mouth of Gullmarfjord in ca 40m, off S Iceland, Denmark Strait<br />
C. imparidens Rezvoi,1925 ()<br />
Skagerrak in 400m, Spitsbergen, White Sea<br />
C. incrustans Hentschel,1929<br />
H. versicolor (Topsent,1893) Norw. Sea, Spitsbergen<br />
Britain<br />
H. zetlandica Bowerbank,1862 ()<br />
Shetlands<br />
S. aequatus (Lundbeck,1910)<br />
Väderö coral reef, Greenland<br />
Yvesia Topsent,1890<br />
= Pytheilla de Laubenfels,1936<br />
= Tisrone de Laubenfels,1936;<br />
= Yvesiella de Laubenfels,1936<br />
Stylopus Fristedt,1885 = Yvesiorbas de Laubenfels,1936<br />
= Leptosia sensu Topsent,1892<br />
Y. albula (Bowerbank,1864)<br />
S. aceratus (Topsent,1904)<br />
= Halichondria albula Bowerbank,1864 ()<br />
Koster channel, Väderöfjord, Säcken, Skagerrak<br />
= Myxilla exigua Armauer Hansen,1885<br />
Norway, Shetlands<br />
S. coriaceus Fristedt,1885 ()<br />
Kattegatt-Bohuslän in 25-90m, Skagerrak, Bergen - Trondheimsfjorden, Faeroes, Iceland, E<br />
Greenland<br />
S. odhneri Alander,1942<br />
Säcken coral reef<br />
Y. carnosa Topsent,1904<br />
Denmark Strait, off W Iceland, off Azores<br />
Y. gracilis Alander,1942<br />
Säcken coral reef<br />
S. dermatus (Lundbeck,1910) Anchinoidae Topsent,1928<br />
= Hymedesmia dermata Lundbeck,1910<br />
= Phorbasidae de Laubenfels<br />
Skagerrak in 100-400m, Spitsbergen, off W Faeroes, E Geenland<br />
Phorbas Duchassaing de Fonbressin & Michelotti,1864 ( Phorbas amaranthus<br />
S. longurius (Lundbeck,1910)<br />
Duchassaing de Fonbressin & Michelotti,1864)<br />
Skagerrak, Gullmarfjord in 20-45m, Iceland<br />
= Anchinoe J.E. Gray,1867<br />
= Clathrissa von Lendenfeld,1888<br />
S. mucronellus (Lundbeck,1910) = Grayax de Laubenfels,1936<br />
= Hymedesmia mucronella Lundbeck,1910<br />
= Lissopocillon Ferrer-Hernandez,1916<br />
Skagerrak in ca 400m, Bergen, E Greenland<br />
= Merriamium de Laubenfels,1936<br />
= Plumohalichondria Carter,1876<br />
= Suberotelites O. Schmidt,1868<br />
P. fictitius (Bowerbank,1866)<br />
= Microciona fictitia Bowerbank,1866<br />
S. stylifer Alander,1942<br />
= Hymedesmia stylifera (Alander,1942)<br />
= Hymedesmia fictitius (Bowerbank,1866)<br />
Skagerrak in ca 400m, Säcken coral reef * Sibling Hymedesmia mamillaris<br />
Mouth of Gullmarfjord in 25-35m, Bergen, British coasts, Roscoff, Spain, Mediterranean<br />
S. tornotatus (Lundbeck,1910)<br />
Faeroes, off SW Iceland, Denmark Strait P. neptuni (O. Schmidt,1875)<br />
W Norway, Between Scotland and the Faeroes<br />
Spanioplon Topsent,1890<br />
= Acanthoxa Hentschel,1914 P. perarmatus (Bowerbank,1866)<br />
= Plumohalichondria neptuni : Thiele,1903, ?non (O. Schmidt,1875)<br />
S. armaturum (Bowerbank,1866) = Anchinoe arneseni Topsent,1913<br />
= Hymeniacidon armatura Bowerbank,1866 ()<br />
Bergen area, Lofoten, Shetlands, Iceland<br />
Bergen, Roscoff, Br. Isles, Ireland<br />
P. roemeri (Hentschel,1929)<br />
Spirorhabdia Topsent,1918<br />
= Anchinoe roemeri Hentschel,1929<br />
Spitsbergen<br />
S. vidua (O. Schmidt,1875)<br />
Bergen Plocamionida Topsent,1927<br />
= Hymendectyon Bakus,1966<br />
Discorhabdella Dendy,1924 ( D. incrustans Dendy,1924 - Indo-Pacific)<br />
P. ambigua (Bowerbank,1866)<br />
Crellidae Hentschel,1923<br />
= Microciona ambigua Bowerbank,1866 ()<br />
= Plocamia ambigua : Auctt.<br />
Crella O. Schmidt,1862<br />
= Plocamia ambigua f. tornota Brøndstedt,1932<br />
= Cribrella O. Schmidt,1862, non Agassiz,1836 (Echinodermata) * A common species in Scandinavia<br />
= Crella J.E. Gray,1867<br />
Bohuslän, Skagerrak, Bergen, Stavanger, Trondheimsfjorden, Troms, Shetlands, Faeroes,<br />
= Pytheas Topsent,1890<br />
Iceland, Spitsbergen, White Sea, British Isles, Roscoff, Portugal, Azores<br />
= Aaaba de Laubenfels,1936<br />
= Crellinspira de Laubenfels,1936<br />
P. microcionides (Carter,1876)<br />
= Grella de Laubenfels,1936<br />
Skagerrak, Säcken coral reef<br />
= Ramosichela de Laubenfels,1950<br />
= Crelloxea Hechtel,1983<br />
C. basispinosa Burton,1931<br />
P. tylotata (Brøndstedt,1932)<br />
= Plocamia ambigua f. tylotata Brøndstedt,1932<br />
Skagerrak, Gullmarfjord, Säcken coral reef, Faeroes<br />
15
P. grandichelata (Brøndstedt,1932) C. (Microciona Bowerbank,1862) ctenichela (Alander,1942)<br />
= Plocamia ambigua f. grandichelata Brøndstedt,1932<br />
Skagerrak in ca 400m, Faeroes<br />
Säcken coral reef, Bergen<br />
Plocamia O. Schmidt,1870<br />
* Correct family?. Synonymized with another genus?<br />
C. (Microciona Bowerbank,1862) dianae (O. Schmidt,1875)<br />
Norway (Haugesund)<br />
C. (Microciona Bowerbank,1862) ditoxa (Stephens,1916)<br />
P. lundbecki (Breitfuss,1912) Ireland<br />
Spitsbergen<br />
Dendoricella Lundbeck,1905<br />
C. (Microciona Bowerbank,1862) elliptichela (Alander,1942)<br />
Skagerrak in 400m, Ireland<br />
D. rhopalum Lundbeck,1905 C. (Microciona Bowerbank,1862) fallax (Bowerbank,1866)<br />
Denmark Strait = Microciona fallax Bowerbank,1866<br />
Br. Isles<br />
D. obesichela Lundbeck,1905<br />
off SW Iceland C. (Microciona Bowerbank,1862) gradalis (Topsent,1925)<br />
Roscoff<br />
Stylostichon Topsent,1892<br />
= Pronax J.E. Gray,1867 (p. 536), non = Pronax J.E. Gray,1867, p. 526 C. (Microciona Bowerbank,1862) laevis (Bowerbank,1866)<br />
= Hymantho laevis (Bowerbank,1866)<br />
S. bihamigera (Waller,1878)<br />
= Microciona laevis Bowerbank,1866<br />
= Phorbas bihamigera (Waller,1878) Bohuslän in 30-70m, Skagerrak, Shetlands, off S Iceland<br />
NE <strong>Atlantic</strong><br />
C. (Microciona Bowerbank,1862) macrochela (Lévi,1960)<br />
S. dendyi (Topsent,1892) = Microciona macrochela Lévi,1960<br />
= Phorbas dendyi (Topsent,1892) Roscoff<br />
Spitsbergen, Stavanger - Troms, off Iceland, E Greenland, between Bear Island & Norway,<br />
SW Ireland, Azores C. (Microciona Bowerbank,1862) microchela (Stephens,1916)<br />
Ireland<br />
S. dives (Topsent,1891)<br />
= Phorbas dives (Topsent,1891) C. (Microciona Bowerbank,1862) normani (Burton,1930)<br />
Roscoff = Hymantho normani Burton,1930<br />
Norway<br />
S. microcheliferum Cabioch,1968<br />
= Phorbas microcheliferum (Cabioch,1968) C. (Microciona Bowerbank,1862) osismica (Cabioch,1968)<br />
Roscoff = Microciona osismica Cabioch,1968<br />
Roscoff<br />
S. microcionides (Carter,1876)<br />
= Phorbas microcionides (Carter,1876) C. (Microciona Bowerbank,1862) primitiva (Koltun,1956)<br />
* Is this not the same species as Plocamionida microcionides (Carter,1876)?<br />
Britain<br />
= Microciona primitiva Koltun,1956<br />
off SW Iceland, Sea of Okhotsk<br />
S. plumosum (Montagu,1818) C. (Clathria) robusta Koltun,1959<br />
= Phorbas plumosum (Montagu,1818)<br />
Norway, British Isles, Roscoff, Ireland<br />
Spitsbergen<br />
C. (Microciona Bowerbank,1862) spinarcus (Carter & Hope,1889)<br />
Phoriospongiidae von Lendenfeld,1888 = Microciona spinarcus Carter & Hope,1889<br />
= Collosclerophoridae Dendy<br />
British Isles, Roscoff, Spain<br />
Hemimycale Burton,1934<br />
C. (Microciona Bowerbank,1862) strepsitoxa (Hope,1889)<br />
= Microciona strepsitoxa Hope,1889<br />
H. columella (Bowerbank,1874)<br />
Säcken coral reef, Roscoff, Br. Isles<br />
= Stylotella columella (Bowerbank,1874)<br />
Gullmarfjord area, Väderö Channel, Skagerrak, Roscoff, Br. Isles C. (Microciona Bowerbank,1862) tenuissima (Stephens,1916)<br />
Ireland<br />
Batzella Topsent,1894<br />
= Collosclerophora Dendy,1917 C. (Microciona Bowerbank,1862) toximajor (Topsent,1925)<br />
* Correct family? or Desmacididae? <strong>Atlantic</strong> France<br />
B. inops (Topsent,1891) C. (Microciona Bowerbank,1862) toxitenuis (Topsent,1925)<br />
= Halichondria inops Topsent,1891 () Roscoff<br />
Roscoff<br />
C. sp. A<br />
Psammoclema Marshall,1880 ( Psammoclema ramosum Marshall,1880) * Stone & al.,1984, list Microciona sp. A from the British Isles<br />
= Psammopemma Marshall,1880 W Ireland<br />
= Sarcocornea Carter,1885<br />
Artemisina Vosmaer,1885<br />
P. finmarchicum (Hentschel,1929) ?= Rhaphidophlus Ehlers,1870<br />
= Psammopemma finmarchica Hentschel,1929<br />
Stavanger - Trondheimsfjorden - Troms, Jan Mayen, off SW Iceland A. apollinis (Ridley & Dendy,1887)<br />
Spitsbergen, Norw Sea, E Greenland, Kerguelen<br />
MICROCIONINA Hajdu, van Soest & Hooper,1993<br />
A. arciger (O. Schmidt,1870)<br />
Microcionidae Carter,1875 = Artemisina suberitoides Vosmaer,1885 ()<br />
= Clathriidae von Lendenfeld<br />
= Ophlitaspongiidae de Laubenfels<br />
Clathria O. Schmidt,1862<br />
C. (Microciona Bowerbank,1862) acanthotoxa (Stephens,1916)<br />
Skagerrak, W & SW Ireland, Iceland, W British Isles<br />
C. (Clathria) anchorata (Carter,1874)<br />
Skagerrak, Ramsö, Säcken coral reef, off S Iceland, Engl. Channel, off SW Ireland,<br />
Portugal<br />
C. (Microciona Bowerbank,1862) armata (Bowerbank,1866)<br />
= Microciona armata Bowerbank,1866<br />
Bohuslän in 25-65m, Bergen, White Sea, Belgium, British Isles, Ireland, Faeroes, Roscoff,<br />
Azores<br />
Sweden, Bergen area, Trondhimsfjorden, Lofoten, N Norway, Shetlands, British Isles,<br />
Iceland, E Greenland, between Faeroes & Iceland, Bear Island, Jan Mayen, Spitsbergen,<br />
Barents Sea<br />
A. transiens Topsent,1892<br />
<strong>Atlantic</strong> France<br />
A. hispanica Ferrer-Hernandez,1919<br />
* Possibly a synonym of A. transiens Topsent<br />
Britain, Spain<br />
Ophlitaspongia Bowerbank,1866<br />
O. hjorti (Arnesen,1920)<br />
= Echinoclathria hjorti Arnesen,1920<br />
Iceland, Gran Canary<br />
C. (Microciona Bowerbank,1862) ascendens (Cabioch,1968) O. papilla Bowerbank,1866<br />
= Microciona ascendens Cabioch,1968 = O. seriata : Auctt., non (Grant,1826) (Grant's Spongia seriata is now considered a<br />
Roscoff<br />
synonym of Halichondria panicea )<br />
?Shetlands, SW British Isles (nortwards to Skye & Harris, eastwards to Portland Bill),<br />
C. (Microciona Bowerbank,1862) atrasanguinea (Bowerbank,1862)<br />
Ireland, Wimereux, Pas de Calais, Roscoff, Portugal, Canaries<br />
= Microciona atrasanguinea Bowerbank,1862<br />
British Isles, Roscoff O. kildensis Howson & Chambers,1999<br />
N & SW Ireland, off W Hebrides<br />
C. (Clathria) barleei (Bowerbank,1866)<br />
= Isodictya laciniosa Bowerbank, in Norman,1869 & : Bowerbank,1874<br />
Antho J.E. Gray,1867<br />
= Halichondria foliata Bowerbank,1874<br />
?= Plocamilla Topsent,1928<br />
= Esperia foliata Fristedt,1885<br />
= Axinella barleei : Arndt,1935 A. brattegardi van Soest & Stone,1986<br />
= Artemisina foliata : Burton,1930 Bergen<br />
Kattegatt-Bohuslän, Skagerrak, <strong>North</strong> Sea, E England, W Ireland, Bergen, Shetlands,<br />
Spitsbergen, off SW Iceland, Greenland A. circonflexa (Lévi,1960)<br />
= Plocamilla circonflexa Lévi,1960<br />
C. (Microciona Bowerbank,1862) basifixa (Topsent,1913) Bretagne<br />
= Ophlitaspongia basifixa Topsent,1913<br />
Bergen on Lophelia - Troms, in 100-150 m A. coriacea (Bowerbank,1866)<br />
= Plocamilla coriacea (Bowerbank,1866)<br />
C. (Microciona Bowerbank,1862) bitoxa (Burton,1930)<br />
British Isles, Ireland, Iceland<br />
= Hymantho bitoxa Burton,1930<br />
= Microciona laevis Fristedt,1887, non Bowerbank,1866<br />
A. dichotoma (Esper,1794)<br />
Väderö Channel on Lophelia, Säcken<br />
= Dictyoclathria dichotoma (Esper,1794)<br />
= Raspailia abyssorum (Carter,1876) : Fristedt,1885<br />
C. (Clathria) coralloides (Olivi,1792)<br />
Bohuslän, Skagerrak - W Norway - Lofoten, <strong>North</strong> Sea, British Isles<br />
Britain<br />
A. erecta (Ferrer-Hernandez,1921)<br />
16
NE <strong>Atlantic</strong> E. major Sarà & Siribelli,1960<br />
British Isles, Roscoff<br />
A. inconstans Topsent,1925<br />
Britain E. microchela Stephens,1921<br />
Iceland, off SW Iceland<br />
A. involvens (O. Schmidt,1864)<br />
= Myxilla involvens O. Schmidt,1864 ?E. pulchella (Bowerbank,1882)<br />
= Isodictya beanii Bowerbank,1866<br />
British Isles, Roscoff, Mediterranean<br />
= Hymedesmia pulchella Bowerbank,1882<br />
Ireland<br />
Rhabderemiidae Topsent,1928<br />
Rhabderemia Topsent,1890<br />
E. radiata Bowerbank,1866<br />
Kattegatt, Mouth of Gullmarfjord<br />
= Rhabdosigma Hallmann,1916 E. scabiosum (Topsent,1927)<br />
= Nisibaris de Laubenfels,1936 = Acantheurypon scabiosum Topsent,1927<br />
= Hallmannia Burton,1930 (p.p.)<br />
Skagerrak<br />
R. guernei Topsent,1890 E. simplex (Bowerbank,1874)<br />
Engl. Channel = Hymeraphia simplex Bowerbank,1874<br />
* May be a synonym of E. coronula sensu Alander,1942<br />
R. minutula (Carter,1876) Shetlands, Faeroes, Roscoff<br />
= Microciona pusilla Carter,1876 ()<br />
Roscoff E. spitzbergensis (Fristedt,1887)<br />
Spitsbergen<br />
Raspailiidae Hentschel,1923<br />
= Euryponidae Topsent E. viride Topsent,1889<br />
Raspaciona Topsent,1936<br />
R. aculeata (Johnston,1842)<br />
= Halichondria aculeata Johnston,1842 ()<br />
= Raspailia aculeata (Johnston,1842)<br />
E England, Mediterranean<br />
Raspailia Nardo,1833, emend. Agassiz,1846<br />
=Raspelia Nardo,1833<br />
= Raspaila Nardo,1847<br />
= Tricheurypon viride : Auctt.<br />
Säcken coral reef, Skagerrak, Bergen<br />
Hymeraphia Bowerbank,1863<br />
= Hymeraphia Bowerbank,1861 (nom. nud.)<br />
= Mesapos J.E. Gray,1867<br />
H. stellifera Bowerbank,1863 ()<br />
Gullmarfjord, Stavanger, Lofoten, Troms, White Sea, Scotland, Shetlands, Faeroes, Iceland,<br />
Ireland, Roscoff<br />
= Dictyocylindrus Bowerbank,1858 Aulospongus Norman,1878 ( Haliphysema tubulatus Bowerbank,1873)<br />
= Abila sensu Gray,1867 = Heterectya Hallmann,1917<br />
= Abilana Strand,1928 = Rhaphidectyon Topsent,1927<br />
= Axinectya Hallmann,1917 = Aulospongiella Burton,1956<br />
= Clathriodendron von Lendenfeld,1888 (used as subgenus) = Hemectyonilla Burton,1959<br />
= Dictyocylindrus Bowerbank,1859<br />
= Echinaxia Hallmann,1916 A. villosus (Thiele,1898)<br />
= Parasyringella Topsent,1928 off S Iceland, Japan<br />
= Raspailopsis Burton,1959<br />
= Raspaxilla Topsent,1913 (used as subgenus) Echinodictyum Ridley,1881 ( Spongia bilamellata de Lamarck,1814, var ß)<br />
= Syringella : Auctt. (used as subgenus) = Dictyocylindrus Carter,1879 (p.p.)<br />
= Valedictyum de Laubenfels,1936 = Kalykenteron von Lendenfeld,1888<br />
= Hymeraphiopsis ?,1??? (used as subgenus) = Kieplileta de Laubenfels,1954<br />
R. aculeata (Bowerbank,1866) E. trunca (Bowerbank,1882)<br />
Britain = Isodictya trunca Bowerbank,1882<br />
Ireland<br />
R. hispida (Montagu,1818)<br />
= Dictyocylindrus hispidus Bowerbank,1866<br />
British Isles, Ireland, Roscoff<br />
R. howsei (Bowerbank,1866)<br />
Ireland<br />
R. pumila (Bowerbank,1866)<br />
* Possibly a synonym of R. ramosa (Montagu)<br />
British Isles, Ireland, Netherlands, Roscoff<br />
Iophonidae Burton,1929<br />
= Acarnidae Boury-Esnault<br />
= Cornulidae Lévi & Lévi<br />
Iophon J.E. Gray,1867<br />
= Menyllus J.E. Gray,1867, non Pascoe,1864<br />
I. cilis ?,1???<br />
Spitsbergen, Jan Mayen<br />
R. radiosa (Bowerbank,1866) I. dogieli Koltun,1955<br />
British Isles Iceland, Sea of Okhotsk<br />
R. ramosa (Montagu,1818)<br />
British Isles, Ireland, Roscoff<br />
R. rectangula (Bowerbank,1874)<br />
British Isles<br />
I. dubius (Armauer Hansen,1885)<br />
= Reniera dubia Armauer Hansen,1885<br />
Bergen, NE Norway, around Faeroes, off SE Iceland, between Norway & Spitsbergen,<br />
Spitsbergen<br />
I. hyndmani (Bowerbank,1858)<br />
R. ventilabrum (Bowerbank,1866) = Isodictya hyndmani Bowerbank,1858<br />
Britain, Roscoff = Halichondria hyndmani Bowerbank,1866<br />
R. viminalis O. Schmidt,1862 ()<br />
British Isles<br />
R. virgultosa (Bowerbank,1866)<br />
Bohuslän, Skagerrak, Lofoten, British Isles, <strong>North</strong> Sea, Roscoff<br />
= Isodictya implicita Bowerbank,1882<br />
= Iophon ingalli (Bowerbank,1866)<br />
* Grows often on tubes of Tubularaia indivisa .<br />
Bohuslän, British Isles, Ireland, Roscoff<br />
I. piceus (Vosmaer,1882)<br />
= I. frigidus Lundbeck,1905<br />
Endectyon Topsent,1920 ( Phakellia tenax O. Schmidt,1870) Bohuslän, Bergen, Stavanger, Trondheimsfjorden - Nordland, between Faeroes & Iceland,<br />
= Hemectyon Topsent,1920<br />
= Basiectyon Vacelet,1961<br />
E. delaubenfelsi Burton,1930<br />
Britain, Roscoff<br />
E. demonstrans (Topsent,1892)<br />
Britain<br />
E. teissieri Cabioch,1968<br />
Roscoff<br />
off S Iceland, Denmark Strait, Jan Mayen, Barents Sea, E Greenland, Spitsbergen, White<br />
Sea, Kara Sea<br />
I. pommeraniae Thiele,1903<br />
W Norway<br />
I. spinulentum (Bowerbank,1866)<br />
Säcken coral reef, Shetlands<br />
I. variopocillatus Alander,1942<br />
Säcken coral reef<br />
Eurypon J.E. Gray,1867<br />
= Epicles J.E. Gray,1867<br />
Iophonopsis Dendy,1924<br />
= Acantheurypon Topsent,1927 I. pattersoni (Bowerbank,1858)<br />
= Tricheurypon Topsent,1928<br />
=? Halichondria nigricans Bowerbank,1858<br />
= Protoraspailia Burton & Rao,1932 = Halichondria scandens Bowerbank,1866<br />
= Proraspailia Lévi,1958 = Halichondria pattersoni : Bowerbank, 1866, :1874<br />
= Iophon chelifer Ridley & Dendy,1886<br />
E. clavatum (Bowerbank,1866) = Iophon indentatus Wilson,1904<br />
= Hymeraphia clavata Bowerbank,1866 ()<br />
Skagerrak (Arendal) - Lofoten, Shetlands, Scotland, Iceland, Faeroes, Spitsbergen, Roscoff,<br />
Azores<br />
= Burtonella melanokhemia de Laubenfels,1928<br />
= Iophon proximum Burton,1932<br />
Koster Channel, Stavanger, Trondheimsfjorden - Troms, British Isles, Ireland, Roscoff<br />
E. clavigera (Bowerbank,1866) HAPLOSCLERIDA Topsent,1928<br />
Br. Isles<br />
Chalinidae J.E. Gray,1867 (sensu de Weerdt,1986)<br />
E. coronula (Bowerbank,1869) = Haliclonidae de Laubenfels,1932<br />
= Epicles coronula (Bowerbank,1874)<br />
Skagerrak, Mouth of Gullmarfjord, Roscoff<br />
= Adociidae de Laubenfels<br />
= Renieridae O. Schmidt<br />
* What is Reniera spitzbergensis Hentschel,1915 from Spitsbergen?<br />
E. ditoxa Stephens,1921<br />
off SW Iceland, off SW Ireland<br />
Haliclona Grant,1841<br />
= Chalina Grant,1861<br />
E. lacazei (Topsent,1891) = Asychis J.E. Gray,1867, non Kinberg,1866 (Polychaeta)<br />
= Hymeraphia lacazei Topsent,1891 = Diplodemia Bowerbank,1862<br />
Roscoff = Euchalinopsis von Lendenfeld,1887<br />
= Kallypilidion de Laubenfels,1954<br />
17
= Katiba de Laubenfels,1954 * Of uncertain identity. A haplosclerid species?<br />
= Lessepsia Keller,1883<br />
= Nara de Laubenfels,1954<br />
?Norw. Sea<br />
= Neoadocia de Laubenfels,1950 H. oblonga (Armauer Hansen,1885)<br />
= Orina J.E. Gray,1867, non Agassiz,1846 (Coleoptera) = Reniera oblonga Armauer Hansen,1885<br />
= Pellinella Thiele,1905 = Halichondria oblonga : Lundbeck,1902<br />
= Pellinula Czerniavsky,1879 * Of uncertain identity. A haplosclerid species?<br />
= Philotia J.E. Gray,1867<br />
= Prianos J.E. Gray,1867<br />
E Greenland, off W Faeroes, ?Norw. Sea, Iceland<br />
= Reniclona de Laubenfels,1954<br />
H. oculata (Pallas,1766)<br />
= Rhaphisia Topsent,1892 = Spongia oculata Pallas,1766 ()<br />
= Rhizoniera Griessinger,1971? = H. oculata tavaresi : Arndt,1941<br />
= Sigmadocia de Laubenfels,1936 = Isodictya pygmaea Bowerbank,1866<br />
= Toxadocia de Laubenfels,1936 = Spongia dichotoma Linnaeus,1767, non Isodictya dichotoma : Bowerbank,1866<br />
= Veluspa Miklukho-Maklaj,1870 = Halichondria cervicornis : Johnston,1842, non Spongia cervicornis Pallas,1766<br />
= Diplodemia vesicula Bowerbank,1864<br />
H. albescens (Johnston,1842)<br />
= Chalina grantii Bowerbank,1866<br />
= Halichondria albescens Johnston,1842<br />
= Isodictya varians Bowerbank,1874 (p.p.), non Bowerbank,1866<br />
* Not notised in de Weerdt,1986. Correct family? = Chalina flemingii Bowerbank,1874 (p.p.), non Bowerbank,1866<br />
E coast of Britain = Veluspa polymorpha gracilis Miklukho-Maklaj,1870<br />
= Chalina arbuscula Verrill,1873<br />
H. angulata (Bowerbank,1866) =? Pachychalina caulifera Vosmaer,1882<br />
= Orina angulata (Bowerbank,1866)<br />
Öresund-Isefjord-Kattegatt, <strong>North</strong> Sea, Egersund, Varangerfjorden, Faeroes, Netherlands,<br />
= Halichondria angulata Bowerbank,1866 ( of Orina J.E. Gray,1867)<br />
= Gellius angulatus : Auctt., non Topsent,1901, nec : Topsent,1904, : Lundbeck,1902, :<br />
Roscoff, British Isles, Ireland, White Sea, Spitsbergen, Kara Sea, Portugal<br />
Koltun,1959 H. palescens (Armauer Hansen,1885)<br />
= Isodictya fallax Bowerbank,1866 = Reniera palescens Armauer Hansen,1885<br />
= Isodictya indefinita Bowerbank,1866 * Of uncertain identity. A haplosclerid species?<br />
= Amorphina connexa Topsent,1888<br />
Shetlands, N France, Guernsey, British Isles, Roscoff, Spain, Mediterranean, Madeira,<br />
SW Norway<br />
Azores<br />
H. parenchyma (Lundbeck,1902)<br />
= Reniera parenchyma Lundbeck,1902<br />
H. calamus (Lundbeck,1902)<br />
= Reniera calamus Lundbeck,1902<br />
between Iceland & Greenland in deep water<br />
off W & SW Iceland H. pons (O. Schmidt,1870)<br />
= Reniera pons O. Schmidt,1870<br />
H. calyx (Ridley & Dendy,1887) * Of uncertain identity. A haplosclerid species?<br />
* Not notised in de Weerdt,1986. Correct family?<br />
Iceland, Azores<br />
Denmark<br />
H. porosus (Fristedt,1887)<br />
H. cinerea (Grant,1826)<br />
= Gellius porosus (Fristedt,1887)<br />
= Spongia cancellata : Sowerby, non Linneus,1767, nec de Lamarck,1813 = Desmacella porosa Fristedt,1887<br />
= Spongia cinerea Grant,1826 * Not notised in de Weerdt,1986. Correct family?<br />
= Halichondria cinerea : Fleming,1828, : Johnston,1842<br />
= Isodctya cinerea : Bowerbank,1866<br />
N Iceland, Spitsbergen, ?Bay of Biscay<br />
= Halichondria montagui Fleming,1828 H. rectangularis (Ridley & Dendy,1886)<br />
= Chalina montagui : Bowerbank 1866, 1882 = Chalina rectangularis Ridley & Dendy,1886<br />
= Haliclona montagui van Soest & al.,1981<br />
* Not notised in de Weerdt,1986. Correct family?<br />
= Isodictya peachii Bowerbank,1866<br />
= Isodictya permollis Bowerbank,1866 (p.p.)<br />
Bergen???, Philippines<br />
= Isodictya simulo Bowerbank,1866<br />
H. rosea (Bowerbank,1866)<br />
= Isodictya varians Bowerbank,1866, non Bowerbank,1874 = Isodictya rosea Bowerbank,1866, non Reniera rosea : Topsent,1925, nec Haliclona<br />
= Isodictya elegans Bowerbank,1866<br />
rosea : Sarà,1971-72<br />
= Isodictya pallida Bowerbank,1866 (p.p.)<br />
= Isodictya permollis Bowerbank,1866 (p.p.)<br />
= Isodictya mammeata Bowerbank,1866 = Isodictya obscura Bowerbank,1874<br />
= Isodictya dichotoma Bowerbank,1866<br />
= Isodictya simplex Bowerbank,1866, non = Reniera simplex : Armauer Hansen,1885, nec<br />
= Isodictya ramusculus Bowerbank,1866<br />
: Arnesen,1903<br />
= Chalina flemingii Bowerbank,1866 (p.p.) = Isodictya gregorii Bowerbank,1866<br />
* Jones,1987 use the name H. elegans (Bowerbank,1866) & treats H. cinerea<br />
= Isodictya luteosa Bowerbank,1874<br />
(Grant,1826) as a nom. nud.<br />
= Isodictya ferula Bowerbank,1882<br />
Shetlands, Britain, Ireland, N & W France, Mediterranean, Azores, Madeira, Senegal = Isodictya paupercula Bowerbank,1882<br />
= Halichondria macintoshii Bowerbank,1874<br />
H. complicata (Armauer Hansen,1885) = Reniera laxa Lundbeck,1902<br />
= Reniera complicata Armauer Hansen,1885 = Reniera heterofibrosa Lundbeck,1902<br />
* Of uncertain identity. A haplosclerid species? = Reniera tubulosa Fristedt,1887, non Armauer Hansen,1885<br />
Norway<br />
H. digitata (Armauer Hansen,1885)<br />
Bohusl., Denmark, Bergen - Trondheimsfjorden, Netherlands, Calais, Roscoff, Britain,<br />
Ireland, Shetlands, Faeroes, Iceland, Spitsbergen, Jan Mayen, E & NE Greenland<br />
= Reniera digitata Armauer Hansen,1885 H. tenera (Marenzeller,1877)<br />
* Of uncertain identity. A haplosclerid species? * Not notised in de Weerdt,1986.<br />
N Norway Norway (Vigten (Lofoten area)), Iceland, Greenland, Franz Josef Land<br />
H. dubia (Armauer Hansen,1885) H. tenuiderma (Lundbeck,1902)<br />
= Reniera dubia Armauer Hansen,1885 = Halichondria tenuiderma Lundbeck,1902<br />
* Of uncertain identity. A haplosclerid species? * Not notised in de Weerdt,1986. Correct family?<br />
Barents Sea off SW Iceland<br />
H. fayalensis (Topsent,1904) H. tromsoeica (Hentschel,1929)<br />
= Gellius fayalensis Topsent,1904 * Not notised in de Weerdt,1986.<br />
* Not notised in de Weerdt,1986. Correct family?<br />
Roscoff<br />
Tromsø, Spitsbergen<br />
H. urceolus (J. Rathke & Vahl, in Müller,1806)<br />
H. fistulosa (Bowerbank,1866) = Spongia urceolus J. Rathke & Vahl, in Müller,1806<br />
= Isodictya fistulosa Bowerbank,1866 =? Spongia laevigata Montagu,1818<br />
= Adocia fistulosa : Arndt,1935, Lévi,1950 = Isodictya clava Bowerbank,1866<br />
= Reniera fistulosa : Auctt., non Topsent,1897, nec Desqueyroux-Faundez,1981<br />
= Chalina pulcherrima Fristedt,1885, non Adocia pulcherrima : Bröndstedt,1924, nec :<br />
= Isodictya mcandrewii Bowerbank,1866<br />
Bergquist & Warne,1980<br />
= Halichondria regularis Bowerbank,1874 = Reniera clavata Levinsen,1886<br />
Shetlands, Orkneys, Roscoff, British Isles, Ireland, Spain, Azores, Mediterranean = Chalinula robustior O. Schmidt,1870<br />
= Siphonochalina mollicula Lundbeck,1902<br />
H. folium (O. Schmidt,1870) =? Chalina vega Fristedt,1887<br />
= Chalinula folium O. Schmidt,1870, non = Reniera folium Lundbeck,1902 = Reniera simplex Armauer Hansen,1885, non Isodictya simplex Bowerbank,1866<br />
Finmark - deep water =? Chalina groenlandica Friestedt,1887<br />
= Reniera voeringi Lundbeck,1902<br />
H. folium (Lundbeck,1902) = Reniera glacialis Hentschel,1916<br />
= Reniera folium Lundbeck,1902, non = Chalinula folium O. Schmidt,1870 = H. implexa : Alander,1942, non Reniera implexa O. Schmidt,1868<br />
* In need of another name. = H. montagui : Alander,1942, non Halichondria montagui Fleming,1828<br />
off SW Faeroes, off S Greenland<br />
Öresund, Kattegatt, Gullmarsfjord, Koster Channel, Skagerrak-N Norway, Faeroes, Iceland,<br />
Netherlands, British Isles, Ireland, E & W Greenland, Bear Island, Spitsbergen, Murmansk,<br />
H. hyalina (Lundbeck,1902)<br />
= Reniera hyalina Lundbeck,1902<br />
Kara Sea<br />
off N Faeroes H. velamentosa (Armauer Hansen,1885)<br />
= Reniera velamentosa Armauer Hansen,1885<br />
H. indistincta (Bowerbank,1866) * Of uncertain identity. A haplosclerid species?<br />
= Isodictya indistincta Bowerbank,1866<br />
= Reniera indistincta : Auctt.<br />
Barents Sea<br />
= Adocia indistincta : Arndt,1935 H. ventilabrum (Fristedt,1887)<br />
=? Haliclona canaliculata Hartman,1958<br />
= Reniera ventilabrum Fristedt,1887<br />
Orkneys, Ireland, SW England, Guernsey, Roscoff, Ireland<br />
Trondheimsfjorden, Spitsbergen, off W Greenland, Iceland<br />
H. inflata (Armauer Hansen,1885) H. viscosa (Topsent,1888)<br />
= Reniera inflata Armauer Hansen,1885 = Reniera viscosa Topsent,1888<br />
* Of uncertain identity. A haplosclerid species? = Reniera viscosa similis Descatoire,1969<br />
?Norwegian Sea non = Haliclona viscosa : Sarà,1961<br />
Belgium, Shetlands, Roscoff, British Isles, Ireland, Monaco<br />
H. membranacea (Armauer Hansen,1885)<br />
= Reniera membranacea Armauer Hansen,1885 H. xena de Weerdt,1986<br />
* Of uncertain identity. A haplosclerid species? Netherlands<br />
?Norw. Sea<br />
Adocia J.E. Gray,1867<br />
H. nivea (Armauer Hansen,1885) = Amorphina O. Schmidt,1870, non Parker & Jones,1857, ex Parker MS (Protozoa)<br />
= Reniera nivea Armauer Hansen,1885 = Menanetia Topsent,1896<br />
18
= Halichondriella Burton,1931 G. microtoxa (Lundbeck,1902)<br />
= Halichoclona de Laubenfels,1932<br />
A. simulans (Johnston,1842)<br />
= Gellius microtoxa Lundbeck,1902<br />
off SW Iceland (deep water)<br />
= Halichondria simulans Johnston,1842 G. digitatus (Koltun,1959)<br />
= Chalina simulans : Bowerbank,1864 = Gellius digitatus Koltun,1959<br />
= Isodictya simulans : Bowerbank,1866 ( of Adocia J.E. Gray,1867)<br />
= Adocia simulans : Auctt<br />
Arctic Seas<br />
= Reniera simulans : Auctt. G. laurentinus (Lambe,1900)<br />
= Isodictya densa Bowerbank,1866 (p.p.) = Gellius laurentinus Lambe,1900<br />
= Isodictya ingalli Bowerbank,1874<br />
= Isodictya pallida Bowerbank,1866 (p.p.), non Bowerbank,1874<br />
Canada, ?E. <strong>Atlantic</strong><br />
= Halichondria condensa Bowerbank,1882<br />
= Siphonochalina crassa Topsent,1925<br />
Cribrochalina O. Schmidt,1870 ( Spongia vasulum de Lamarck,1814)<br />
= Adocia cinerea : Arndt,1935 (p.p.) C. sluiteri Vosmaer,1881-82<br />
=? Adocia varia Sarà,1958 = Reniera infundibuliformis Armauer Hansen,1885<br />
S & W Britain, Ireland, Channel Islands, N & NW France, Portugal, Mediterranean<br />
Toxadocia de Laubenfels,1936 ( Gellius abbreviatus Topsent,1918)<br />
= Tragosia sluiteri : Lundbeck,1909<br />
Norway, Kara Sea, White Sea, Spitsbergen, Barents Sea, Jan Mayen<br />
= Neoadocia de Laubenfels,1950 Siphonodictyon Bergquist,1965<br />
= Acca Johnson,1899, non Hübner,1819 (Lepidoptera)<br />
Toxadocia primitiva (Lundbeck,1902) = Aka de Laubenfels,1936, non White,1879 (Hemiptera)<br />
= Gellius primitivus Lundbeck,1902 * This genus not noted as belonging in the family by de Weerdt,1986, 1989. Belonging to<br />
= Gellius proximus Lundbeck,1902<br />
S Greenland, E Greenland, White Sea<br />
Phloeodictyidae according to Howson & Picton 1997<br />
S. labyrinthica (Hancock,1849)<br />
Sigmadocia de Laubenfels,1936 ( Gellius textapatina de Laubenfels,1926)<br />
S. fibulata (O. Schmidt,1862)<br />
= Cliona labyrinthica Hancock,1849<br />
Säcken coral reef, Bergen, Trondheimsfjord<br />
= Reniera fibulata O. Schmidt,1862, non O. Schmidt,1870 S. coralliphaga (Stephens,1915)<br />
= Gellius fibulatus : Auctt. = Cliona coralliphaga Stephens,1915<br />
= Gelliodes fibulatus : Babic,1922, non = G. fibulata Ridley,1884, nec : Vacelet,1961,1969<br />
= Isodictya jugosa Bowerbank,1866<br />
Ireland<br />
= Halichondria couchi Bowerbank,1874<br />
Spongillidae J.E. Gray,1867<br />
= Gellius jugosus : J.E. Gray,1867, Arndt,191935, non Koltun,1959, nec Haliclona jugosa<br />
: Burton,1934<br />
* Freshwater taxon<br />
= Gellius couchii : Auctt.<br />
= Amorpina couchii : Topsent,1888<br />
Spongilla de Lamarck,1816<br />
= Haliclona angulata : Burton,1948 (p.p.), non Halichondria angulata Bowerbank,1866 S. lacustris (Linnaeus,1759)<br />
=? Gellius pyrrhi Hanitsch,1895<br />
=? Gellius arcticus Hentschel,1916<br />
Baltic, Randersfjord (Denmark), (Common in freshwater)<br />
Shetlands, SW Ireland, Cornwall, Roscoff, Mediterranean, ?Spitsbergen<br />
Ephydatia Lamouroux,1816<br />
Acervochalina Ridley,1884 E. fluviatilis (Linnaeus,1759)<br />
Baltic, (Brackish water along the European coast and in fresh water)<br />
A. limbata (Montagu,1818)<br />
= Spongia limbata Montagu,1818 ()<br />
= Chalina limbata : Auctt.<br />
= Chalinula limbata : Auctt.<br />
E. muelleri (Lieberkühn,1856)<br />
Possibly in Estonian brackish water, else only in fresh water<br />
= Haliclona limbata : Auctt. Metaniidae Volkmer-Ribeiro,1986<br />
= Chalina gracilenta Bowerbank,1866 * Freshwater taxon<br />
= Chalina zostericola Topsent,1892<br />
* This is the most typically littoral Chalinid species in S Scandinavia. Potamolepidae Brien,1967<br />
Baltic-Isefjord-Bohuslän, Bergen, <strong>North</strong> Sea, Roscoff, British Isles, Ireland, Portugal,<br />
* Freshwater taxon<br />
Spain, Mediterranean<br />
Lubomirskiidae Brien,1969<br />
A. loosanoffi (Hartman,1958) * Freshwater taxon<br />
= Haliclona loosanoffi Hartman,1958<br />
Netherlands, S Ireland, NE America PETROSIDA Boury-Esnault & van Beveren,1982<br />
= NEPHELIOSPONGIDA Bergquist,1980<br />
Reniera Nardo,1847 ( R. aequaeductus O. Schmidt,1862 ) * The two families in this order are kept within the Haplosclerida by de Weerdt,1989.<br />
= Chalinula O. Schmidt,1868<br />
Phloeodictyidae Carter,1882<br />
Gellius J.E. Gray,1867 = Oceanapiidae van Soest,1980<br />
G. ravus Stephens,1912<br />
= Haliclona angulata : Burton,1948 (p.p.)<br />
Oceanapia Norman,1869<br />
= Haliclona rava : de Weerdt,1986 O. elongata (Topsent,1892)<br />
S Ireland = Rhizochalina elongata Topsent,1892<br />
off SW Iceland, Azores (deep water)<br />
Metschnikowia Grimm,1877<br />
* This genus not noted as belonging in the family by de Weerdt,1986, 1989 O. irregulare (Lundbeck,1902)<br />
= Phloedictyon irregulare Lundbeck,1902<br />
M. spinispiculum (Carter,1876) Spitsbergen, off W Iceland (deep water)<br />
= Isodictya spinispiculum Carter,1876<br />
Troms, W Barents Sea, Spitsbergen, off E Iceland, Denmark Strait, Greenland, SW Ireland,<br />
Azores<br />
O. isodictyiformis (Carter,1882)<br />
S Ireland, Vigo Bay, Teneriffa<br />
Callyspongiidae de Laubenfels,1936 O. robusta (Bowerbank,1866) ()<br />
= Reniera tubulosa Armauer Hansen,1885<br />
Siphonochalina O. Schmidt,1868<br />
= Desmacidon jeffreysii (Bowerbank,1866)<br />
Stavanger - Trondheimsfjorden, Shetlands, S Iceland, E Greenland, Faeroes, Ireland, Azores<br />
S. tubulosa (Ellis,1786)<br />
Netherlands, S England O. tuber (Lundbeck,1902)<br />
Phloedictyon tuber Lundbeck,1902<br />
Niphatidae van Soest,1980 off SW & W Iceland (deep water)<br />
Hemigellius Burton,1932 ( Gellius fimbriatus Kirkpatrick,1908) Petrosiidae van Soest,1980<br />
= Nepheliospongiidae Clarke sensu Weidenmayer (p.p.)<br />
H. pumiceus (Fristedt,1885)<br />
= Desmacella pumicea Fristedt,1885<br />
= Toxadocia pumicea (Fristedt,1885)<br />
Petrosia Vosmaer,1885 ( Spongia ficiformis Poiret,1789)<br />
= Strongylophora Dendy,1905<br />
= Gellius pumiceus (Fristedt,1885)<br />
= Gellius massa Arnesen,1903 P. crassa (Carter,1876)<br />
= Gellius arnesenae Arndt,1927<br />
Bergen, Trondheimsfjorden, off S Faeroes (a deep water species)<br />
Gullmarfjord, Hardangerfjord, Bergen, 65-120m<br />
DICTYOCERATIDA Minchin,1900<br />
H. arcoferus (Vosmaer,1885)<br />
= Gellius arcoferus Vosmaer,1885 Spongiidae J.E. Gray,1867<br />
= Gellius esperi Arnesen,1903<br />
= Gellioides plexa Lundbeck,1902<br />
Spongia Linnaeus,1759 ( Spongia officinalis Linnaeus,1759)<br />
= Gellioides consimilis Lundbeck,1902<br />
= Gellius jugosus : Koltun,1959, non (Bowerbank,1866)<br />
S. carteri Burton,1930<br />
Trondheimsfjorden - N Norway, Faeroes, Iceland, Barents Sea, Spitsbergen, Kara Sea, E<br />
Koster Channel, Säcken, Singlefjord, Stavanger - Trondheimsfjorden<br />
Greenland, Jan Mayen, abyssal Arctic bassin, Azores, >160m - on stones<br />
Irciniidae J.E. Gray,1867<br />
H. hartlaubi (Hentschel,1929) = Thorectidae Bergquist,1978<br />
= Gellius hartlaubi Hentschel,1929<br />
Nordland - Finnmark in 192 m<br />
DENDROCERATIDA Minchin,1900<br />
H. aff. flagellifer (Ridley & Dendy,1886)<br />
= Gellius flagellifer Ridley & Dendy,1886<br />
= Desmacella porosa Fristedt,1887<br />
Finnmark, off W Faeroes, Iceland, Barents Sea, abyssal Arctic bassin, Davis Strait, off SW<br />
Ireland, Bay of Biscay, Mediterranean, Azores<br />
Dysideidae J.E. Gray,1867<br />
Dysidea Johnston,1842<br />
= Aulena von Lendenfeld,1885<br />
= Duseideia Johnston,1842<br />
= Duseidea Delage,1899<br />
Gelliodes Ridley,1884 = Dysidia Agassiz,1846<br />
= Dyseideia Lieberkühn,1855<br />
G. luridus (Lundbeck,1902) = Haastia von Lendenfeld,1888<br />
= Gellius luridus Lundbeck,1902 = Halmopsis von Lendenfeld,1885<br />
off W & SW Iceland (deep water) = Sarcocornea Carter,1859<br />
= Spongelia O. Schmidt,1862<br />
19
D. avara (O. Schmidt,1862)<br />
Stavanger, Finnmark, Spitsbergen<br />
D. fragilis (Montagu,1818) ()<br />
Öresund, Bohuslän, British Isles, Ireland, Roscoff, W Norway - Finnmark, Helgoland,<br />
Iceland, Kola fjord, Bay of Biscay, Mediterranean, Senegal<br />
D. pallescens O. Schmidt,1862<br />
British Isles, Mediterranean<br />
Spongionella Bowerbank,1862<br />
= Velinea Vosmaer,1883<br />
=? Leiosella von Lendenfeld,1889<br />
= Megalopstas Dendy,1905 (p.p.)<br />
S. pulchella (Sowerby,1806)<br />
= Spongia pulchella Sowerby,1806 ()<br />
Mouth of Gullmarfjord, Koster area, Bergen, Brit. coasts, Shetlands, Faeroes, Iceland,<br />
Greenland, Sea of Okhotsk, Mediterranean<br />
Euryspongia Row,1911 ( Euryspongia lactea Row,1911)<br />
Not in the area.<br />
Darwinellidae Merejkowsky,1879<br />
= Aplysillidae Vosmaer,1883<br />
Aplysilla F.E. von Schulze,1877<br />
= Simplicella Merejkowsky,1878<br />
A. rosea (Barrois,1876) ()<br />
Bohuslän - Lofoten, British Isles, Ireland, Roscoff<br />
A. sulfurea F.E. von Schulze,1878<br />
* This may be a colour morph of A rosea ?<br />
Koster Channel, Säcken - Trondheimsfjorden, British Isles, Ireland, Roscoff, Mediterranean<br />
Pleraplysilla Topsent,1905<br />
* Stone & al.,1984, lists Pleraplysilla spp. from Britain.<br />
P. minchini Topsent,1905<br />
Singlefjord in 70-100m, Bergen, Roscoff<br />
P. spinifera (F.E. von Schulze,1878)<br />
= Spongelia spinifera F.E. von Schulze,1878 ()<br />
?Bohuslän, Skagerrak, Bergen<br />
Chelonaplysilla de Laubenfels,1948<br />
C. noevus (Carter,1876)<br />
= Aplysina noevus Carter,1876 ()<br />
* Stone & al.,1984, lists Chelonaplysilla spp. from Britain.<br />
Roscoff<br />
C. psammophila (Topsent,1928)<br />
= Aplysilla psammophila Topsent,1928<br />
= Aplysilla arenosa Hentschel,1929<br />
Skagerrak in ca 400m, Norway N to Troms, Iceland<br />
Darwinella Müller,1865 ( Darwinella muelleri F.E. von Schulze,1865)<br />
= Darwinia F.E. von Schulze,1865, non Bate,1857<br />
D. intermedia Topsent,1893<br />
Roscoff<br />
Hexadella Topsent,1896<br />
H. dendritifera Topsent,1913<br />
Spitsbergen<br />
H. racovitzai Topsent,1896 ()<br />
Roscoff, Mediterranean<br />
Dictyodendrillidae Bergquist,1980<br />
Halisarcidae Vosmaer,1885<br />
Halisarca Dujardin,1838<br />
H. dujardini Johnston,1842 ()<br />
Kieler Bucht-Bohuslän, all Norway, Spitsbergen, Helgoland, British Isles, Ireland<br />
H. metschnikovi Lévi,1953<br />
* This species can be separated microscopically from H. dujardini during reproduction<br />
time only. As they<br />
long have been confused, both of them may perhaps occur all along the European coast.<br />
British Isles, Roscoff<br />
H. sputum Topsent,1893<br />
Roscoff<br />
VERONGIDA Bergquist,1978<br />
Aplysinidae Carter,1875<br />
= Verongiidae de Laubenfels,1936<br />
Aplysina Nardo,1834 ( Aplysina aerofoba O. Schmidt,1862)<br />
= Verongia Bowerbank,1845 ( Verongia fistularis (de Lamarck,1815))<br />
= Luffaria Duchassaing de Fonbressin & Michelotti,1864<br />
A. zetlandica (Bowerbank,1866)<br />
Shetlands<br />
Druinellidae von Lendenfeld,1889<br />
= Aplysinellidae Bergquist<br />
Ianthellidae Hyatt,1875<br />
= Bajalidae Lévi<br />
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