the role of the lukan parables in terms of the purpose of luke's gospel
the role of the lukan parables in terms of the purpose of luke's gospel the role of the lukan parables in terms of the purpose of luke's gospel
One needs to search for as many things in the OT as possible that possibly influenced the Lukan travel narrative, such as vocabulary, motifs, characters, or models. Moreover, the Christological models (prophet, king, suffering servant, etc.) cannot be confined only to the travel narrative, but rather they saturate the whole Gospel of Luke, not to mention the Synoptic Gospels. Even R.F. O’Toole enumerates eight themes as Lukan Christology: Jesus as Human Being, Jesus as Prophet, Jesus as Savior, Jesus as Servant of Yahweh, Jesus as the Christ (the Messiah), Jesus the Son of Man, Jesus the Son (of God), and Jesus as (the) Lord. 66 The OT typologies are only one part of Luke’s rich Christology. From a source-critical perspective, on the one hand, Moessner so readily accepts Steck’s fourfold Deuteronomisitc scheme as the framing principle of the travel narrative that he replaces Mk and Q as Luke’s sources. On the other hand, Drury and Goulder make use of the Deuteronomy hypothesis to enhance the possibility of Luke’s dependence on Mt. Accordingly, Denaux pays strong attention to a diachronic approach as a methodological principle so that one safely studies the Lukan travel narrative in the intertextuality between OT and NT texts. 67 66. R.F. O’Toole, Luke’s Presentation of Jesus: A Christology (SB, 25, Roma: Editrice Pontificio Istituto Biblico, 2004). 67. Denaux, “Old Testament Models for the Lukan Travel Narrative,” 298. 231
3. Christological and Ecclesiological Purpose in the Travel Narrative Thus far, I have examined and evaluated the current scholarly view about the Lukan travel narrative in four categories, namely, from the perspective of a historical approach, redaction critical approach, chiastic structure, and Old Testament models. The current scholarly view of understanding the travel narrative converges on a Christological and Ecclesiological purpose. The Christological theme is intrinsically connected with an ecclesiological intention in the travel narrative. 3-1. Christological Purpose in the Travel Narrative First of all, in view of redaction-criticism, it is generally accepted that the travel narrative is a literary creation of the evangelist who is inspired by the travel motif in Mk 10:1-52. Along this line, they contribute considerably in discovering the aim of the travel narrative. On the whole, the redaction-criticism approach to the Lukan travel narrative reveals a strong christological purpose and ecclesiological goal. The travel narrative is the way not only to suffering within awareness of the necessity of Jesus’ passion and death, but also to glorification which is expressed by the motif in 9:51. According to Robinson, Luke makes the continuity of the history of salvation visual by means of a way, and in the Gospel of Luke and Acts. In addition, from Old Testament models, Luke portrays Jesus’ role and destiny in terms of the entire prophetic tradition, such as Moses, Elijah, David and Suffering Servant. What is more, for Luke Jesus’ approach of and entrance into Jerusalem have obviously royal and Davidic implications. The imagery of the exodus from Egypt is also used to describe a new exodus to the Promised Land in Jesus’ journey to Jerusalem. Jesus’ goal in Luke is Jerusalem where he fulfills his , his death and exaltation. The journeying Lord brings the gospel of peace, and in so doing destroys Satan and his arsenal of evil. On the other hand, during the Journey, Jesus offers the eschatological salvation first to Israel, but Jesus is rejected by them. For this reason, the history of salvation has become a history of doom. On the other hand, Jesus encounters Gentiles who, in contrast to Israel, accept his salvation offer. At this point, the acceptance and rejection of Jesus’ salvation offer make the transition of salvation from Jews to Gentiles, thereby building the scaffold of the mission to the Gentiles described in Acts too. In this regard, the travel narrative is ambivalent, that is to say, the history of doom by rejection and the scaffold of the mission by acceptance. In order words, for Luke Jesus’ Journey to Jerusalem is the first step in the mission which will finally be continued to the ends of the earth. 232
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3. Christological and Ecclesiological Purpose <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> Travel Narrative<br />
Thus far, I have exam<strong>in</strong>ed and evaluated <strong>the</strong> current scholarly view about <strong>the</strong> Lukan travel<br />
narrative <strong>in</strong> four categories, namely, from <strong>the</strong> perspective <strong>of</strong> a historical approach, redaction<br />
critical approach, chiastic structure, and Old Testament models. The current scholarly view <strong>of</strong><br />
understand<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong> travel narrative converges on a Christological and Ecclesiological <strong>purpose</strong>.<br />
The Christological <strong>the</strong>me is <strong>in</strong>tr<strong>in</strong>sically connected with an ecclesiological <strong>in</strong>tention <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong><br />
travel narrative.<br />
3-1. Christological Purpose <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> Travel Narrative<br />
First <strong>of</strong> all, <strong>in</strong> view <strong>of</strong> redaction-criticism, it is generally accepted that <strong>the</strong> travel narrative is a<br />
literary creation <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> evangelist who is <strong>in</strong>spired by <strong>the</strong> travel motif <strong>in</strong> Mk 10:1-52. Along<br />
this l<strong>in</strong>e, <strong>the</strong>y contribute considerably <strong>in</strong> discover<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong> aim <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> travel narrative. On <strong>the</strong><br />
whole, <strong>the</strong> redaction-criticism approach to <strong>the</strong> Lukan travel narrative reveals a strong<br />
christological <strong>purpose</strong> and ecclesiological goal. The travel narrative is <strong>the</strong> way not only to<br />
suffer<strong>in</strong>g with<strong>in</strong> awareness <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> necessity <strong>of</strong> Jesus’ passion and death, but also to<br />
glorification which is expressed by <strong>the</strong> motif <strong>in</strong> 9:51. Accord<strong>in</strong>g to Rob<strong>in</strong>son,<br />
Luke makes <strong>the</strong> cont<strong>in</strong>uity <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> history <strong>of</strong> salvation visual by means <strong>of</strong> a way, and<br />
<strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> Gospel <strong>of</strong> Luke and Acts. In addition, from Old Testament models, Luke<br />
portrays Jesus’ <strong>role</strong> and dest<strong>in</strong>y <strong>in</strong> <strong>terms</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> entire prophetic tradition, such as Moses,<br />
Elijah, David and Suffer<strong>in</strong>g Servant. What is more, for Luke Jesus’ approach <strong>of</strong> and entrance<br />
<strong>in</strong>to Jerusalem have obviously royal and Davidic implications. The imagery <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> exodus<br />
from Egypt is also used to describe a new exodus to <strong>the</strong> Promised Land <strong>in</strong> Jesus’ journey to<br />
Jerusalem. Jesus’ goal <strong>in</strong> Luke is Jerusalem where he fulfills his , his death and<br />
exaltation. The journey<strong>in</strong>g Lord br<strong>in</strong>gs <strong>the</strong> <strong>gospel</strong> <strong>of</strong> peace, and <strong>in</strong> so do<strong>in</strong>g destroys Satan<br />
and his arsenal <strong>of</strong> evil. On <strong>the</strong> o<strong>the</strong>r hand, dur<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong> Journey, Jesus <strong>of</strong>fers <strong>the</strong> eschatological<br />
salvation first to Israel, but Jesus is rejected by <strong>the</strong>m. For this reason, <strong>the</strong> history <strong>of</strong> salvation<br />
has become a history <strong>of</strong> doom. On <strong>the</strong> o<strong>the</strong>r hand, Jesus encounters Gentiles who, <strong>in</strong> contrast<br />
to Israel, accept his salvation <strong>of</strong>fer. At this po<strong>in</strong>t, <strong>the</strong> acceptance and rejection <strong>of</strong> Jesus’<br />
salvation <strong>of</strong>fer make <strong>the</strong> transition <strong>of</strong> salvation from Jews to Gentiles, <strong>the</strong>reby build<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong><br />
scaffold <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> mission to <strong>the</strong> Gentiles described <strong>in</strong> Acts too. In this regard, <strong>the</strong> travel<br />
narrative is ambivalent, that is to say, <strong>the</strong> history <strong>of</strong> doom by rejection and <strong>the</strong> scaffold <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong><br />
mission by acceptance. In order words, for Luke Jesus’ Journey to Jerusalem is <strong>the</strong> first step<br />
<strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> mission which will f<strong>in</strong>ally be cont<strong>in</strong>ued to <strong>the</strong> ends <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> earth.<br />
232