Wider <strong>TEEB</strong> RESPONDING TO THE VALUE OF NATURE Acknowledgements <strong>TEEB</strong> for National and International Policy Makers <strong>TEEB</strong> for Policy Makers Coordinator: Patrick ten Brink (IEEP) <strong>TEEB</strong> for Policy Makers Core Team: Meriem Bouamrane (UNESCO), Bernd Hansjürgens (UFZ), Katia Karousakis (OECD), Sylvia Kaplan (BMU-Germany), Marianne Kettunen (IEEP), Markus Lehmann (SCBD), Helen Mountford (OECD), Alice Ruhweza (Katoomba Group, Uganda), Mark Schauer (UNEP), Christoph Schröter-Schlaack (UFZ), Benjamin Simmons (UNEP), Alexandra Vakrou (European Commission), Stefan Van der Esch (VROM, the Netherlands), James Vause (Defra, UK), Madhu Verma (IIFM, India), Jean-Louis Weber (EEA), Stephen White (European Commission), Heidi Wittmer (UFZ) Lead Authors (in alphabetical order): James Aronson, Sarat Babu Gidda, Samuela Bassi, Augustin Berghöfer, Joshua Bishop, James Blignaut, Aaron Bruner, Nicholas Conner, Nigel Dudley, Jamison Ervin, Sonja Gantioler, Haripriya Gundimeda, Bernd Hansjürgens, Celia Harvey, Katia Karousakis, Marianne Kettunen, Markus Lehmann, Anil Markandya, Andrew J McConville, Katherine McCoy, Kalemani Jo Mulongoy, Carsten Neßhöver, Paolo Nunes, Luis Pabon, Irene Ring, Alice Ruhweza, Christoph Schröter-Schlaack, Benjamin Simmons, Pavan Sukhdev, Mandar Trivedi, Patrick ten Brink, Graham Tucker, Stefan Van der Esch, Alexandra Vakrou, Madhu Verma, Jean-Louis Weber, Sheila Wertz-Kanounnikoff, Stephen White, Heidi Wittmer Contributing Authors*: Jonathan Armstrong, David Baldock, Meriem Bouamrane, James Boyd, Ingo Bräuer, Stuart Chape, Florian Eppink, Pablo Gutman, Sarah Hodgkinson, Alexander Kenny, Pushpam Kumar, Sophie Kuppler, Indrani Lutchman, Paul Morling, Aude Neuville, Laura Onofri, Ece Ozdemiroglu, Rosimeiry Portela, Matt Rayment, Andrew Seidl, Clare Shine, Sue Stolton, Anja von Moltke, Kaavya Varma, Vera Weick, Sirini Withana Editing and language check: Clare Shine Acknowledgements for reviews and other inputs*: Camilla Adelle, Barbara Akwagyiram, Ali Al-Lami, Viviane André, Andreas Tveteraas, Sarah Andrews, Arild Angelsen, Jonathan Armstrong, Giles Atkinson, Tim Badman, Lina Barrera, Jonathan Baillie, Clabbers Bas, Basanglamao, Nicolas Bertrand, Katharine Bolt, Ivan Bond, Peter Bridgewater, Thomas Brooks, Theresa Buppert, Jonah Busch, Hannah Campbell, Cantwell Mark, Rebecca Chacka, Joana Chiavari, Bas Clabbers, Nicholas Conner, David Cooper, Tamsin Cooper, Anthony Cox, Chris Cox, Erica Dholoo, Barney Dickson, Deanna Donovan, Helen Dunn, Johannes Förster, Moustafa Mokhtar Fouda, Naoya Furuta, José Galindo, Raúl Garrido Vázquez, Stephanie Godliman, Rudolf de Groot, Clive George, Marcus Gilleard, Annelisa Grigg, Pablo Gutman, Mohamed AG Hamaty, Julian Harlow, Kaley Hart, García Carlos Hernán, Peter Hjerp, Robert Höft, Steve Hopper, David Huberman, James Jabenzi , Philip James, Doris Johnston, Mikkel Kallesoe, Ninan Karachepone, Jan Joost Kessler, Tim Killeen, Markus Knigge, Ulrich Kreidenweis, Wilfrid Legg, Chris Knight, David Koplow, Thomas Kretzschmar, Hugh Laxton, Wilfrid Legg, Dorit Lehr, Harold Levrel, Vivien Lo, Eimear Nic Lughadha, Indrani Lutchman, Wilma Lutsch, Els Martens, Jock Martin, Moses Masiga, Robin Miège, León Fernando Morales, Alastair Morrison, Helen Mountford, Bernie Napp, Michael Obersteiner, Karachepone Ninan, Alfred Oteng-Yeboah, Hylton Murray Philipson, Jerzy Pienkowsky, Rosimeiry Portela, Susan Preston, Valerie Preston, Ewald Rametsteiner, Matt Rayment, Jean-Pierre Revéret, Carmen Richerzhagen, Irene Ring, Carlos Manuel Rodríguez, Alan Ross, Manfred Rosenstock, Frederik Schutyser, Burkhard Schweppe-Kraft, Bambi Semrocs, Paul Shone, Stuart Simon, Monique Simmonds, Paul Smith, Nina Springer, James Spurgeon, Rania Spyropoulou, Ronald Steenblik, Andrew Stott, Claudia Dias Suarez, Rashid Sumaila, Leila Suvantola, Mahboobe Tohidi, Peter Torkler, Giuliana Torta, Jo Treweek, Francis Turkelboom, Dhar Uppeandra, Carolina Valsecchi, Koen Van den Bossche, Sander Van der Ploeg, Kaavya Varma, James Vause, Vaclav Vojtech, Raúl Garrido Vázquez, Francies Vorhies, Mathis Wackernagel, Francois Wakenhut, Matt Walpole, Emma Watkins, Frank Wätzold, Jaime Webbe, Grace Wong, Peter Wooders, Sven Wunder, Xin He, Carlos Eduardo Young, Olaf Zerbock, Oliver Zwirner & many others. * Those already noted earlier not repeated here Disclaimer: The views expressed in <strong>TEEB</strong> for Policy Maker are purely those of the authors and should not in any circumstances be interpreted as representing the views or official position of the wider set of reviewers and contributors. <strong>TEEB</strong> Study Leader: Pavan Sukhdev (UNEP) <strong>TEEB</strong> Scientific Coordination: Heidi Wittmer, Carsten Neßhöver, Augustin Berghöfer, Christoph Schröter-Schlaack (UFZ) <strong>TEEB</strong> Communications: Georgina Langdale (UNEP) Report Coordinators: D0: Pushpam Kumar; D2: Heidi Wittmer & Haripriya Gundimeda; D3: Joshua Bishop <strong>TEEB</strong> Office: Mark Schauer, Raghdan Al-Mallah (UNEP), Kaavya Varma (GIST) <strong>TEEB</strong> Coordination Group: Pavan Sukhdev (UNEP), Mark Schauer (UNEP) , James Vause (Defra), Sylvia Kaplan (BMU), Benjamin Simmons (UNEP), Francois Wakenhut (European Commission), Heidi Wittmer (UFZ) Advisory Board: Joan Martinez-Alier, Giles Atkinson, Edward Barbier, Jochen Flasbarth, Yolanda Kakabadse, Jacqueline McGlade, Karl-Göran Mäler, Julia Marton-Lefèvre, Peter May, Ladislav Miko, Herman Mulder, Walter Reid, Nicholas Stern, Achim Steiner <strong>TEEB</strong> FOR NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL POLICY MAKERS - CHAPTER 10: PAGE 36
Part I: The need for action Ch1 The global biodiversity crisis and related policy challenge T h E E C o N o M I C S o f E C o S y S T E M S A N D B I o D I v E R S I T y <strong>TEEB</strong> for National and International Policy Makers Ch2 Framework and guiding principles for the policy response Part II: Measuring what we manage: information tools for decision-makers Ch3 Strengthening indicators and accounting systems for natural capital Ch4 Integrating ecosystem and biodiversity values into policy assessment Part III: Available solutions: instruments for better stewardship of natural capital Ch5 Rewarding benefits through payments and markets Ch6 Reforming subsidies Ch7 Addressing losses through regulation and pricing Ch8 Recognising the value of protected areas Ch9 Investing in ecological infrastructure Part IV: The road ahead Ch10 Responding to the value of nature
- Page 1 and 2:
Part I: The need for action Ch1 The
- Page 3 and 4:
ThE EcoNoMIcs of EcosysTEMs AND BIo
- Page 5 and 6:
THE GLOBAL BIODIVERSITY CRISIS AND
- Page 7 and 8:
THE GLOBAL BIODIVERSITY CRISIS AND
- Page 9 and 10:
1.2 THE GLOBAL BIODIVERSITY CRISIS
- Page 11 and 12:
• Enough food could be produced o
- Page 13 and 14:
MArINE sysTEMs THE GLOBAL BIODIVERS
- Page 15 and 16:
THE GLOBAL BIODIVERSITY CRISIS AND
- Page 17 and 18:
1.2.3 WHAT IS DRIVING THESE LOSSES?
- Page 19 and 20:
THE GLOBAL BIODIVERSITY CRISIS AND
- Page 21 and 22:
THE GLOBAL BIODIVERSITY CRISIS AND
- Page 23 and 24: THE GLOBAL BIODIVERSITY CRISIS AND
- Page 25 and 26: THE GLOBAL BIODIVERSITY CRISIS AND
- Page 27 and 28: THE GLOBAL BIODIVERSITY CRISIS AND
- Page 29 and 30: 1.4 THE GLOBAL BIODIVERSITY CRISIS
- Page 31 and 32: THE GLOBAL BIODIVERSITY CRISIS AND
- Page 33 and 34: EfErENcEs THE GLOBAL BIODIVERSITY C
- Page 35 and 36: THE GLOBAL BIODIVERSITY CRISIS AND
- Page 37 and 38: Part I: The need for action Ch1 The
- Page 39 and 40: THE ECONOMICS OF ECOSYSTEMS AND BIO
- Page 41 and 42: 10.1 WHY VALUING ECOSYSTEM SERVICES
- Page 43 and 44: RESPONDING TO THE VALUE OF NATURE B
- Page 45 and 46: RESPONDING TO THE VALUE OF NATURE B
- Page 47 and 48: RESPONDING TO THE VALUE OF NATURE B
- Page 49 and 50: 10.2.2 BETTER LINKS TO MACRO- ECONO
- Page 51 and 52: 10.3 Investing in natural capital s
- Page 53 and 54: as well as the value for money and
- Page 55 and 56: Global National or Regional Local T
- Page 57 and 58: RESPONDING TO THE VALUE OF NATURE B
- Page 59 and 60: 10.4 By taking distributional issue
- Page 61 and 62: has origins and impacts beyond bord
- Page 63 and 64: The ‘Nobel Prize’*-winning econ
- Page 65 and 66: 10.5 Biodiversity and ecosystem ser
- Page 67 and 68: Rewarding the provision of services
- Page 69 and 70: Making this a reality will require
- Page 71 and 72: GHK, CE and IEEP - GHK, Cambridge E
- Page 73: Torras, M. (2000) The Total Economi
- Page 77 and 78: ThE ECoNoMICS of ECoSySTEMS AND BIo
- Page 79 and 80: FRAMEWORK AND GUIDING PRINCIPLES FO
- Page 81 and 82: FRAMEWORK AND GUIDING PRINCIPLES FO
- Page 83 and 84: FRAMEWORK AND GUIDING PRINCIPLES FO
- Page 85 and 86: FRAMEWORK AND GUIDING PRINCIPLES FO
- Page 87 and 88: 2.3 FRAMEWORK AND GUIDING PRINCIPLE
- Page 89 and 90: FRAMEWORK AND GUIDING PRINCIPLES FO
- Page 91 and 92: FRAMEWORK AND GUIDING PRINCIPLES FO
- Page 93 and 94: FRAMEWORK AND GUIDING PRINCIPLES FO
- Page 95 and 96: 2.3.4 BASE POLICIES ON GOOD GOVERNA
- Page 97 and 98: 2.4 FRAMEWORK AND GUIDING PRINCIPLE
- Page 99 and 100: REfERENCES FRAMEWORK AND GUIDING PR
- Page 101 and 102: Part I: The need for action Ch1 The
- Page 103 and 104: THE ECONOMICS OF ECOSYSTEMS AND BIO
- Page 105 and 106: STRENGTHENING INDICATORS AND ACCOUN
- Page 107 and 108: 3.1 STRENGTHENING INDICATORS AND AC
- Page 109 and 110: STRENGTHENING INDICATORS AND ACCOUN
- Page 111 and 112: STRENGTHENING INDICATORS AND ACCOUN
- Page 113 and 114: STRENGTHENING INDICATORS AND ACCOUN
- Page 115 and 116: STRENGTHENING INDICATORS AND ACCOUN
- Page 117 and 118: STRENGTHENING INDICATORS AND ACCOUN
- Page 119 and 120: STRENGTHENING INDICATORS AND ACCOUN
- Page 121 and 122: STRENGTHENING INDICATORS AND ACCOUN
- Page 123 and 124: STRENGTHENING INDICATORS AND ACCOUN
- Page 125 and 126:
3.3 STRENGTHENING INDICATORS AND AC
- Page 127 and 128:
STRENGTHENING INDICATORS AND ACCOUN
- Page 129 and 130:
3.4 STRENGTHENING INDICATORS AND AC
- Page 131 and 132:
STRENGTHENING INDICATORS AND ACCOUN
- Page 133 and 134:
STRENGTHENING INDICATORS AND ACCOUN
- Page 135 and 136:
3.5 STRENGTHENING INDICATORS AND AC
- Page 137 and 138:
STRENGTHENING INDICATORS AND ACCOUN
- Page 139 and 140:
STRENGTHENING INDICATORS AND ACCOUN
- Page 141 and 142:
Endnotes STRENGTHENING INDICATORS A
- Page 143 and 144:
STRENGTHENING INDICATORS AND ACCOUN
- Page 145 and 146:
STRENGTHENING INDICATORS AND ACCOUN
- Page 147 and 148:
STRENGTHENING INDICATORS AND ACCOUN
- Page 149 and 150:
STRENGTHENING INDICATORS AND ACCOUN
- Page 151 and 152:
Chapter 4: Integrating ecosystem an
- Page 153 and 154:
INTEGRATING ECOSYSTEM AND BIODIVERS
- Page 155 and 156:
4.1 INTEGRATING ECOSYSTEM AND BIODI
- Page 157 and 158:
INTEGRATING ECOSYSTEM AND BIODIVERS
- Page 159 and 160:
INTEGRATING ECOSYSTEM AND BIODIVERS
- Page 161 and 162:
INTEGRATING ECOSYSTEM AND BIODIVERS
- Page 163 and 164:
INTEGRATING ECOSYSTEM AND BIODIVERS
- Page 165 and 166:
INTEGRATING ECOSYSTEM AND BIODIVERS
- Page 167 and 168:
4.3 INTEGRATING ECOSYSTEM AND BIODI
- Page 169 and 170:
INTEGRATING ECOSYSTEM AND BIODIVERS
- Page 171 and 172:
INTEGRATING ECOSYSTEM AND BIODIVERS
- Page 173 and 174:
INTEGRATING ECOSYSTEM AND BIODIVERS
- Page 175 and 176:
INTEGRATING ECOSYSTEM AND BIODIVERS
- Page 177 and 178:
INTEGRATING ECOSYSTEM AND BIODIVERS
- Page 179 and 180:
4.4 INTEGRATING ECOSYSTEM AND BIODI
- Page 181 and 182:
Endnotes INTEGRATING ECOSYSTEM AND
- Page 183 and 184:
INTEGRATING ECOSYSTEM AND BIODIVERS
- Page 185 and 186:
Economic valuation methods INTEGRAT
- Page 187 and 188:
ANNEx 2: sTAGEs of A PoLIcy AssEssM
- Page 189 and 190:
Chapter 5: Rewarding benefits throu
- Page 191 and 192:
REWARDING BENEFITS THROUGH PAYMENTS
- Page 193 and 194:
REWARDING BENEFITS THROUGH PAYMENTS
- Page 195 and 196:
5.1 REWARDING BENEFITS THROUGH PAYM
- Page 197 and 198:
REGULATORY BASELINES AND ADDITIONAL
- Page 199 and 200:
REWARDING BENEFITS THROUGH PAYMENTS
- Page 201 and 202:
REWARDING BENEFITS THROUGH PAYMENTS
- Page 203 and 204:
REWARDING BENEFITS THROUGH PAYMENTS
- Page 205 and 206:
REWARDING BENEFITS THROUGH PAYMENTS
- Page 207 and 208:
REWARDING BENEFITS THROUGH PAYMENTS
- Page 209 and 210:
REWARDING BENEFITS THROUGH PAYMENTS
- Page 211 and 212:
5.2 REWARDING BENEFITS THROUGH PAYM
- Page 213 and 214:
REWARDING BENEFITS THROUGH PAYMENTS
- Page 215 and 216:
could have adverse consequences for
- Page 217 and 218:
REWARDING BENEFITS THROUGH PAYMENTS
- Page 219 and 220:
REWARDING BENEFITS THROUGH PAYMENTS
- Page 221 and 222:
REWARDING BENEFITS THROUGH PAYMENTS
- Page 223 and 224:
5.3 REWARDING BENEFITS THROUGH PAYM
- Page 225 and 226:
• some contained an element of te
- Page 227 and 228:
• ancillary provisions e.g. possi
- Page 229 and 230:
5.4 REWARDING BENEFITS THROUGH PAYM
- Page 231 and 232:
5.4.2 GREENING INTERGOVERNMEN- TAL
- Page 233 and 234:
financial flows involved. Building
- Page 235 and 236:
considerable patience as such optio
- Page 237 and 238:
CERTIFICATION OF SUSTAINABLE FISHER
- Page 239 and 240:
REWARDING BENEFITS THROUGH PAYMENTS
- Page 241 and 242:
While certification systems can sig
- Page 243 and 244:
REWARDING BENEFITS THROUGH PAYMENTS
- Page 245 and 246:
5.6 REWARDING BENEFITS THROUGH PAYM
- Page 247 and 248:
REWARDING BENEFITS THROUGH PAYMENTS
- Page 249 and 250:
REWARDING BENEFITS THROUGH PAYMENTS
- Page 251 and 252:
Endnotes REWARDING BENEFITS THROUGH
- Page 253 and 254:
44 http://www.mekongtourism.org/sit
- Page 255 and 256:
REWARDING BENEFITS THROUGH PAYMENTS
- Page 257 and 258:
REWARDING BENEFITS THROUGH PAYMENTS
- Page 259 and 260:
REWARDING BENEFITS THROUGH PAYMENTS
- Page 261 and 262:
Chapter 6: Reforming Subsidies Chap
- Page 263 and 264:
REFORMING SUBSIDIES Key Messages of
- Page 265 and 266:
6 Chapter 6 addresses the need for
- Page 267 and 268:
6.1.2 HOW BIG ARE EXISTING SUBSIDIE
- Page 269 and 270:
6.2 6.2.1 DISTINGUISHING BETWEEN
- Page 271 and 272:
through provision of water and ener
- Page 273 and 274:
6.3 6.3.1 AGRICULTURE Subsidies to
- Page 275 and 276:
Box 6.4: The EU Common Agricultural
- Page 277 and 278:
Second, it has to be borne in mind
- Page 279 and 280:
• increases the producer price of
- Page 281 and 282:
REFORMING SUBSIDIES Box 6.9: Removi
- Page 283 and 284:
In the agriculture sector, the pric
- Page 285 and 286:
Some consumer energy subsidies may
- Page 287 and 288:
6.4 “People who love soft methods
- Page 289 and 290:
6.4.2 RESISTANCE TO CHANGE Subsidie
- Page 291 and 292:
The multiple policy objectives ofte
- Page 293 and 294:
REFORMING SUBSIDIES Social impacts
- Page 295 and 296:
The G-20 Heads of State have recent
- Page 297 and 298:
REFERENCES Agnew, D.J.; Pearce, J.;
- Page 299 and 300:
OECD - Organisation for Economic Co
- Page 301 and 302:
Bernd hansjürgens, Christoph Schr
- Page 303 and 304:
Key Messages of Chapter 7 Rewarding
- Page 305 and 306:
7.1 BASIC PRINCIPLES FoR hALTING oN
- Page 307 and 308:
7.2 REGULATING To AvoID DAMAGE: ENv
- Page 309 and 310:
y reducing the release of pollutant
- Page 311 and 312:
y reducing uncertainties with respe
- Page 313 and 314:
This equivalence can involve the sa
- Page 315 and 316:
PoTENTIAL BENEFITS oF oFFSETS AND B
- Page 317 and 318:
A biodiversity offset should be des
- Page 319 and 320:
7.4 SETTING MoRE ACCURATE PRICES: M
- Page 321 and 322:
Market-based instruments can be des
- Page 323 and 324:
China’s first water use rights sy
- Page 325 and 326:
PoTENTIAL CoST SAvINGS ThRoUGh MBIS
- Page 327 and 328:
Despite the potential described abo
- Page 329 and 330:
Non-market valuation studies can he
- Page 331 and 332:
PoLLUTIoN AND oThER DAMAGING ACTIvI
- Page 333 and 334:
The 1973 CITES treaty (Convention o
- Page 335 and 336:
7.6 MAKING IT hAPPEN - PoLICy MIxES
- Page 337 and 338:
has shown the critical need to stre
- Page 339 and 340:
Gutman, P. and Davidson, S. (2007)
- Page 341:
Part I: The need for action Ch1 The
- Page 372 and 373:
· ·· · · · · · · · · ·
- Page 391:
T H E E C O N O M I C S O F E C O S