Download (PDF, 6.71MB) - TEEB

REWARDING BENEFITS THROUGH PAYMENTS AND MARKETS
Box 5.14: Think PINC – the ‘Proactive Investment in Natural Capital’ proposal
“We propose that a new mechanism of Proactive Investment in Natural Capital (PINC) is created
to promote adaptation in existing protected areas and standing forests that may not benefit directly
from REDD funds.”
SHAPING IPES AND GLOBAL INVEST-
MENT IN BIODIVERSITY
Different approaches for international transfers for biodiversity
conservation and for mobilising international investment
in natural capital have been proposed. Boxes 5.14
and 5.15 describe some recent ideas and initiatives.
Without the means to make a global ecosystem service
‘excludable’ – i.e. limiting its use by non-paying benefactors
– alternative ways must be found to create demand
for investment in such services. This argument
also applies to international agreements on access and
benefit sharing (see Section 5.3 below). Global targets
for contributions to biodiversity conservation can be used
to determine burden sharing and/or market mechanisms
can offer countries the option to deliver certain ecosystem
services in a more cost-efficient way (e.g. Tradable
Conservation Obligations, see Box 5.15).
Whatever approach is taken, international agreements
supported by national legislation are likely
to be needed to ensure sustainable long-term
financing for global biodiversity. Governments
should seek ways to engage the private sector and
to create appropriate incentives for business to reduce
adverse impacts and invest in biodiversity
and ecosystem services.
TEEB FOR NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL POLICY MAKERS - CHAPTER 5: PAGE 33
Trivedi et al. (2009)
PINC, proposed by the Global Canopy Programme, seeks to
act as a complementary funding stream to a REDD mechanism
for large areas of standing forests that are not immediately threatened
or may not benefit from REDD (depending on its design
and implementation). It recognises the immense value of tropical
forests in monetary and non-monetary terms and calls for a mechanism
to reward the function of large areas of forests as global
providers of multiple ecosystem services beyond carbon storage
(e.g. biodiversity protection, rainfall generation, water supply
regulation and atmospheric cooling, which are likely to
become increasingly important as a result of climate change).
Source: Trivedi et al. 2009
Box 5.15: Stimulating international demand
for biodiversity through a Green Development
Mechanism
The Dutch Ministry of Housing, Spatial Planning and
the Environment (VROM), the International Union for
Conservation of Nature (IUCN) and the United Nations
Environment Programme (UNEP), in cooperation with
the CBD Secretariat, are facilitating expert discussions
ahead of CBD COP-10 (Nagoya 2010) on new international
incentives for biodiversity. The Green Development
Mechanism (GDM) initiative seeks to
create a global mechanism to stimulate demand for
the preservation and sustainable use of biodiversity
and to mobilise new and sustained financial support.
A range of different potential instruments are being explored.
Tradable Conservation Obligations are one
way in which countries could commit to contribute to
certain biodiversity conservation targets, within national
borders or abroad (hence ‘tradable’). Other ideas
include footprint compensation measures (e.g. donation
levels that use footprint as one of a mix of indicators)
and coordination of biodiversity offset obligations
(eg ‘no net loss’ commitments) at the international
level.
See also: Swanson 2009; Swanson, Mullan and Kontoleon 2009