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ANNEx 2: sTAGEs of A PoLIcy<br />
AssEssMENT, ProPosED AcTIoNs<br />
AND WAys To ADDrEss BIoDIvErsITy<br />
(UNEP 2009B)<br />
Stages<br />
A. Understanding<br />
the policy context<br />
B. Determining<br />
the focus<br />
c. Assessing<br />
the impacts<br />
D. Developing policy<br />
recommendations<br />
INTEGRATING ECOSYSTEM AND BIODIVERSITY VALUES INTO POLICY ASSESSMENT<br />
Actions proposed<br />
A1. Identify the purpose of the IA<br />
A2. review the proposed policy<br />
and context<br />
A3. Identify participants and<br />
stakeholders<br />
A4. Identify and review available<br />
information<br />
B1. Develop a conceptual<br />
framework<br />
B2. Identify priority sustainability<br />
issues<br />
c1-3. Identify criteria relevant to the<br />
main issues, develop EsE<br />
indicators and determine<br />
the baseline<br />
c4. Identify policy options including<br />
most likely option<br />
c5. Analyse impacts using<br />
appropriate tools and<br />
techniques<br />
D1. finalise assessment of<br />
trade-offs and draw conclusion<br />
D2. Develop policy recommendations<br />
How to address biodiversity and related aspects<br />
0. Define the purpose, main objectives and sectoral focus.<br />
Define objectives in terms of ex-ante assessment and<br />
influencing decision-makers to maximise positive outcomes<br />
on biodiversity and other sustainability issues.<br />
1. Identify environmental and biodiversity oriented policy<br />
objectives, commitments or agreements relevant for the<br />
study focus (area, commodity). Understand the policy<br />
process that is being assessed.<br />
2. Identify relevant stakeholders and biodiversity specialists,<br />
and ensure they are involved in the study.<br />
3. Identify and make an overview of relevant (biodiversity<br />
and trade-related) documents for the country / region<br />
concerned.<br />
4. Make a summary of key issues and create a conceptual<br />
framework. Include critical biodiversity components and<br />
ecosystem services, social and economic issues and<br />
cause-effect chains.<br />
5. Identify the main sustainability issues (related to problems<br />
and opportunities) as associated with the conceptual<br />
framework..<br />
6. Identify objectives or criteria and associate indicators<br />
to assess baselines and trends. Assessment of trends<br />
should be done using selected indicators. Define the status<br />
and trends of the most important indicators for the focal<br />
sectors of the assessment. scenarios can be developed<br />
for expected changes. This is followed by a causality analysis<br />
to identify specific drivers of change and explaining possible<br />
outcomes for biodiversity and ecosystem services.<br />
7. Identify policy options for which to assess impacts. There<br />
may be three policy options: baseline, existing policy<br />
measures (subject of the assessment) and proposed<br />
positive policy.<br />
8. Analyse the impacts of defined policy options on biodiversity,<br />
as well as social and economic indicators. Assess the likely<br />
impacts of policy options with the baseline scenario. If<br />
possible, quantify expected (positive or negative) changes<br />
in biodiversity and ecosystem services.<br />
9. Draw conclusions as regards the most desirable and realistic<br />
policy options. consider alternative trade policy options to<br />
maximise overall positive sustainability outcomes. These are<br />
preferred over policy measures for mitigation or compensation<br />
of impacts on biodiversity and ecosystem services<br />
10. Define policy recommendations in line with the assessment<br />
results. consider the most effective mechanisms for<br />
communicating results, using stakeholder input.<br />
<strong>TEEB</strong> for NATIoNAL AND INTErNATIoNAL PoLIcy MAKErs - chAPTEr 4: PAGE 36