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STRENGTHENING INDICATORS AND ACCOUNTING SYSTEMS FOR NATURAL CAPITAL
For reasons of necessity and practicality, the CBD
indicators tend to rely on existing datasets rather than
identifying future needs and devising appropriate
monitoring programmes. This approach of adopting,
adapting and supplementing existing data brings
inevitable compromises (Balmford et al. 2005; Dobson
2005; Mace and Baillie 2007). As a result of these data
constraints, and in the interests of balance, most
indicators identified in the CBD process relate to
pressures rather than to the actual status of biodiversity.
In July 2009, an International Expert Workshop on the
2010 Biodiversity Indicators and Post-2010 Indicator
Development 2 concluded that “the current indicator set
Focal area
Status and trends of
the components of
biological diversity
Sustainable use
Threats to biodiversity
is incomplete in a number of areas; e.g. wild genetic resources,
ecosystem quality, ecosystem services, sustainable
use, human well-being, access and benefit
sharing and indigenous local knowledge, and both threats
and responses more broadly” (UNEP-WCMC 2009).
Similar conclusions were reached in a review of the EU
biodiversity indicator set (Mace and Baillie 2007).
From a TEEB perspective, the gaps relating to genetic
diversity, the quality of ecosystems (i.e. their
ecological condition) and ecosystem services are of
particular concern (see also TEEB D0 Chapter 3). We
outline requirements for the first two below and consider
ecosystem service indicators in more detail in section 3.2.4.
Table 3.2: Indicators for assessing progress towards the 2010 biodiversity target
Ecosystem integrity and
ecosystem goods and
services
Status of traditional
knowledge, innovations
and Practices
Status of access and
benefit-sharing
Status of resource
transfers
Indicators considered ready for immediate testing use are bold;
indicators confirmed as requiring more work are in italic and placed in parentheses.
Indicator
Trends in extent of selected biomes, ecosystems, and habitats
Trends in abundance and distribution of selected species
Coverage of protected areas
Change in status of threatened species
Trends in genetic diversity of domesticated animals, cultivated plants
and fish species of major socio-economic importance
Area of forest, agricultural and aquaculture ecosystems under sustainable management
(Proportion of products derived from sustainable sources)
(Ecological footprint and related concepts)
Nitrogen deposition
Trends in invasive alien species
Marine Trophic Index
Water quality of freshwater ecosystems
(Trophic integrity of other ecosystems)
Connectivity/fragmentation of ecosystems
(Incidence of human-induced ecosystem failure)
(Health and well-being of communities who depend directly on local ecosystem
goods and services)
(Biodiversity for food and medicine)
Status and trends of linguistic diversity and numbers of speakers of indigenous languages
(Other indicators of status of indigenous and traditional knowledge)
(Indicator of access and benefit-sharing)
Official development assistance provided in support of the Convention
(Indicator of technology transfer)
TEEB FOR NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL POLICY MAKERS - CHAPTER 3: PAGE 10
Source: CBD 2009