EU industrial structure - EU Bookshop - Europa

EU industrial structure 2011 — Trends and Performance
Belgium, Cyprus, France, Luxembourg and the United
Kingdom have the highest shares of high skilled labour,
above the EU‑25 average of 43 %, in the economy in 2007.
Those countries also display the highest specialisations,
above 1, in high skill sectors in 2007. The Czech Republic,
Greece, Malta, Poland, Slovakia and Spain have the highest
shares of low skilled labour, well above the EU‑25 average
of 21 %, in the economy in 2007. They also display the highest
specialisation indexes in low labour skill sectors. There were
very few significant structural changes from 1997 to 2007.
The most remarkable move towards high skilled labour
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low intermediate skill: DD Manufacture of wood and wood products, DE Manufacture of pulp, paper and
paper products; publishing and printing, DJ28 Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and
equipment, DK Manufacture of machinery and equipment n.e.c., DL31 Manufacture of electrical machinery and
apparatus n.e.c., F Construction, G Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles, motorcycles and personal
and household goods, I60 Land transport; transport via pipelines, I61 Water transport.
high intermediate skill: DL33 Manufacture of medical, precision and optical instruments, watches and clocks,
DM35 Manufacture of other transport equipment, E Electricity, gas and water supply, I62 Air transport, I63 Supporting
and auxiliary transport activities; activities of travel agencies, I64 Post and telecommunications, K71Renting of
machinery and equipment without operator and of personal and household goods, N Health and social work.
high skill: DF Manufacture of coke, refined petroleum products and nuclear fuel, DG Manufacture of chemicals,
chemical products and man‑made fibres, DL30 Manufacture of office machinery and computers, DL32 Manufacture
of radio, television and communication equipment and apparatus, J Financial intermediation, K70 Real estate
activities, K72 Computer and related activities, K73 Research and development, K74 Other business activities, L Public
administration and defence; compulsory social security, M Education.
To obtain a sufficiently detailed sectoral skill intensity data set, the Eurostat and EU‑KLEMS databases were
combined.
TAbLE II.3: Share of industry by labour skill in 1997 and 2007 (%)
industries can be observed in Latvia: both the shares
of these industries and the specialisation indexes have
significantly increased. The low‑intermediary skill sectors in
Latvia have also seen their shares and specialisation index
improve. The change has taken place at the expense of the
high‑intermediary skill and low skill sectors. Lithuania, the
neighbour country, has not made as impressive progress
towards high skill sectors, but the size of low skill sectors in
the economy has shrunk considerably. Malta and Portugal
both increased their shares and specialisation in high and
intermediary‑high skill sectors, cf. Tables II.3 and II.4.
hs his lis ls
1997 2007 1997 2007 1997 2007 1997 2007
austria 34.6 35.9 13.5 14.4 32.6 31.0 19.3 18.7
Belgium 44.8 46.1 15.5 16.3 24.9 25.5 14.8 12.1
cyprus 36.5 43.2 12.7 12.4 26.4 26.5 24.5 17.9
czech republic 26.8 29.0 14.4 15.0 33.0 33.5 25.7 22.5
denmark 36.1 37.6 18.0 17.9 28.8 28.4 17.1 16.2
Estonia 32.2 34.2 14.6 14.0 31.0 35.0 22.2 16.7
Finland 34.0 36.7 18.2 17.8 31.9 31.1 16.0 14.4
France 44.8 47.3 15.5 14.1 24.0 25.1 15.8 13.5
germany 40.1 41.2 15.4 16.6 27.9 25.4 16.7 16.8
greece 34.8 35.0 11.8 13.2 25.9 29.6 27.4 22.2
hungary 36.3 40.6 13.3 13.2 26.3 26.8 24.2 19.5
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