Country Reports on Terrorism 2012

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Tanzania's Financial Intelligence Unit (FIU) is responsible for combating money laundering and terrorist finance, and is seeking membership in the Egmont Group of Financial Intelligence Units. The Anti-Money Laundering Law dictates that the FIU has the responsibility to follow up on cases referred from other organizations rather than to seek out cases on its own. FIU staff attributed this increase in referrals to a series of training exercises they conducted with referring organizations throughout the year. For further information on money laundering and financial crimes, we refer you to the 2013 International Narcotics Control Strategy Report (INCSR), Volume 2, Money Laundering and Financial Crimes: http://www.state.gov/j/inl/rls/nrcrpt/index.htm. Regional and International Cooperation: Tanzania is a member of the South African Development Community and the East African Community, both of which have regular working groups that address counterterrorism. Through the East African Police Chiefs' Cooperation Organization and South African Police Chiefs' Cooperation Organization, the NCTC maintained more frequent, informal contact with other police forces in the region. UGANDA Overview: Uganda remained a strong force for regional stability, coordination, and counterterrorism efforts in 2012. The Ugandan government cooperated with U.S. counterterrorism efforts, was a strong advocate of cross-border solutions to security issues, and showed increased political will to secure its borders and apprehend suspected terrorists. Resource limitations, porous borders, and corruption presented challenges, however. Uganda has been the backbone of the AU Mission in Somalia (AMISOM) and has played an active role in countering Lord’s Resistance Army (LRA) efforts. Legislation, Law Enforcement, and Border Security: With U.S. assistance, Uganda continued to expand its border control system to additional points of entry and upgraded it to capture biometric information. Although Uganda significantly improved its ability to investigate terrorist acts, additional training and resources are needed. A Constitutional Court challenge over jurisdiction, extradition, and treatment of the 12 individuals arrested for orchestrating the July 2010 bombings in Kampala indefinitely delayed the trial because the Court lacked a quorum. Countering Terrorist Finance: Uganda is a member of the Eastern and Southern Africa Anti- Money Laundering Group, a Financial Action Task Force-style regional body, and does not have a financial intelligence unit. Uganda’s financial sector remained vulnerable to money laundering, terrorist financing, and other illicit financial transactions; Uganda has not criminalized money laundering. Legal and law enforcement measures to combat terrorist financing, based on the Anti-Terrorist Act of 2002 and the Financial Institutions Act of 2004, are inadequate and do not meet international standards. Uganda lacked the capacity needed to effectively monitor and regulate alternative remittance services and wire transfer data. The Anti-Terrorist Act inadequately criminalizes terrorist financing. Ugandan authorities have not used this Act to investigate any terrorist financing cases, and Uganda did not prosecute any terrorist financing cases in 2012. The Anti-Terrorist Act lists al-Qa’ida; the LRA; the Allied Democratic Forces, a violent extremist group based in eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo 38
(DRC); and one defunct Ugandan rebel group as terrorist organizations. The Act has no suspicious transaction reporting requirement, and can take up to 21 days to update. The Bank of Uganda asks local banks to report suspicious transactions, but there is no clear implementation mechanism for enforcing this or investigating potentially suspicious activity. Uganda routinely distributed the UN lists of designated terrorists or terrorist entities to financial institutions through the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the Ministry of Finance, and the Bank of Uganda. Uganda has the ability to monitor NGOs, but primarily uses this capability to monitor the activities of NGOs critical of the Ugandan government. For further information on money laundering and financial crimes, we refer you to the 2013 International Narcotics Control Strategy Report (INCSR), Volume 2, Money Laundering and Financial Crimes: http://www.state.gov/j/inl/rls/nrcrpt/index.htm. Regional and International Cooperation: Uganda is an active member of the AU, the Inter- Governmental Authority on Development, the Community of Eastern and Southern Africa, the East African Community, and the International Conference on the Great Lakes Region (ICGLR). Uganda contributed troops to the AU Mission in Somalia and continued to lead regional efforts to end the threat presented by the LRA in coordination with the DRC and South Sudan under the African Union Regional Task Force framework. As Chair of the ICGLR, Uganda led efforts to mediate discussions between M23 rebels and the DRC government. Countering Radicalization and Violent Extremism: After the July 2010 terrorist attacks, Ugandan police increased outreach to local youth considered at risk for radicalization and recruitment into violent extremist organizations. Uganda has offered amnesty to former LRA combatants and members of the ADF since 2000, but announced in May that future amnesty requests would only be considered on a case-by-case basis. EAST ASIA AND PACIFIC Various transnational terrorist organizations continued activities in the East Asia and Pacific region during the year, while the nature of the terrorist threats evolved. In January, Thai authorities arrested a Hizballah operative, who led Thai officials to a significant cache of explosives and bomb making materials. The following month, two Iranians were arrested in Bangkok after accidentally discharging explosives allegedly intended to target Israeli diplomats. A third Iranian was arrested while transiting Malaysia, and two others successfully fled Thailand. All of the Iranian operatives used Malaysia as the entry and exit points for the region as they travelled to and from Bangkok. While still vulnerable to terrorist activity, Malaysia achieved significant legal reforms in 2012 by repealing its Internal Security Act and moving its counterterrorism approach away from detention without trial to a criminal prosecution-based system. In the Philippines, terrorist acts were generally limited to criminal activities designed to generate revenue for self-sustainment, such as kidnapping for ransom or extortion, but members of terrorist groups were suspected to have carried out several bombings against public and private facilities primarily in the central and western areas of Mindanao. The Government of the Philippines moved toward a peace agreement with the Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF) by 39
Page 1 and 2: Country Re
Page 3 and 4: Chapter 5. Terrorist Safe Havens (U
Page 5 and 6: Chapter 1. Strategic Assessment The
Page 7 and 8: While terrorism from non-state acto
Page 9 and 10: training courses in Algeria and Mor
Page 11 and 12: Countering Radicalization and Viole
Page 13 and 14: Legislation, Law Enforcement, and B
Page 15 and 16: emained an active security threat t
Page 17 and 18: youth in positive activities. In ad
Page 21 and 22: Countering Terrorist Finance: Kenya
Page 23 and 24: (CEMOC), based in Tamanrasset, Alge
Page 25 and 26: On September 24, Arab Maghreb Union
Page 27 and 28: widespread destruction of property
Page 29 and 30: While Nigeria regularly froze the a
Page 31 and 32: DRC to encourage the FDLR and other
Page 33 and 34: On April 4, a bombing of the nation
Page 35 and 36: etween some South Africa government
Page 37: Emrah Erdogan, in Dar es Salaam sug
Page 43 and 44: enforcement officers attended U.S.-
Page 45 and 46: February, the Supreme Court rejecte
Page 47 and 48: 1980s. Despite two rounds of DPRK-J
Page 49 and 50: cooperated closely with the interna
Page 51 and 52: curfews and limits on their travel
Page 53 and 54: Republic Act No. 10167, which amend
Page 55 and 56: and was awaiting extradition to Tha
Page 57 and 58: countries signed or ratified agreem
Page 59 and 60: the confiscation of assault rifles,
Page 61 and 62: On June 25, six members of the so-c
Page 63 and 64: possession of weapons. They were se
Page 65 and 66: agreements; and lacked the legal an
Page 67 and 68: Prevention constitutes a key elemen
Page 69 and 70: powers to security services for the
Page 71 and 72: attempted murder of a U.S. consul i
Page 73 and 74: 2012 Terrorist Incidents: The year
Page 75 and 76: of South America against Money Laun
Page 77 and 78: DHS/ICE provided training to Hellen
Page 79 and 80: On January 24, an individual was se
Page 81 and 82: On March 27, Venice prosecutors ord
Page 83 and 84: In December, the Supreme Court of K
Page 85 and 86: United States admissible, which was
Page 89 and 90:
Federal Bureau of Investigation (FB
Page 91 and 92:
For further information on money la
Page 93 and 94:
According to the Prosecutor's Offic
Page 95 and 96:
Additional information on arrests o
Page 97 and 98:
Swedish citizen Paul Mardirossian,
Page 99 and 100:
On May 25, a policeman was killed a
Page 101 and 102:
Regional and International Cooperat
Page 103 and 104:
separate addresses in Luton under t
Page 105 and 106:
nascent security institutions, allo
Page 107 and 108:
On March 3, a vehicle-borne IED was
Page 109 and 110:
Countering Radicalization and Viole
Page 111 and 112:
effects of fanaticism, and ways to
Page 113 and 114:
equired actions. There are no speci
Page 115 and 116:
cooperation between investigators,
Page 117 and 118:
Countering Radicalization and Viole
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On November 21, a bomb exploded in
Page 121 and 122:
states with counterterrorism effort
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The PASF detained terrorists in the
Page 125 and 126:
The State Security Court (SSC) is J
Page 127 and 128:
Countering Terrorist Finance: Kuwai
Page 129 and 130:
On October 3, an explosion at a Hiz
Page 131 and 132:
Overview: In 2012, Libya was marked
Page 133 and 134:
intensify cooperation with their ne
Page 135 and 136:
In December, authorities dismantled
Page 137 and 138:
territorial waters. In addition, th
Page 139 and 140:
Saudi security forces in Jizan prov
Page 141 and 142:
Overview: Tunisian security forces
Page 143 and 144:
the presidential amnesty granted af
Page 145 and 146:
Tunisia. Tunisian authorities inten
Page 147 and 148:
In March, ICE and CBP provided BCS
Page 149 and 150:
comprehensive and does not include
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There were a number of arrests of t
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AFGHANISTAN Overview: Though the pr
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Legislation, Law Enforcement, and B
Page 157 and 158:
established by President Karzai in
Page 159 and 160:
In December, the Indian government
Page 161 and 162:
government infrastructure or armed
Page 163 and 164:
KYRGYZSTAN Overview: 2012 was a yea
Page 165 and 166:
Countering Terrorist Finance: Maldi
Page 167 and 168:
Lashkar-e-Tayyiba (LeT), which cont
Page 169 and 170:
Pakistan did not conclude the trial
Page 171 and 172:
organizational remnants have contin
Page 173 and 174:
Annual Report to Congress on Intern
Page 175 and 176:
that address terrorism, including t
Page 177 and 178:
took place in Switzerland. Argentin
Page 179 and 180:
Overview: Canada is an indispensabl
Page 181 and 182:
Canada has a rigorous detection and
Page 183 and 184:
On April 27, in a complex attack in
Page 185 and 186:
expert to Peru to provide instructi
Page 187 and 188:
Executive Decree 448 of December 28
Page 189 and 190:
Department. Estimates of membership
Page 191 and 192:
Peruvian population in border areas
Page 193 and 194:
ut instead choose to rejoin SL upon
Page 195 and 196:
Chapter 3. State Sponsors of Terror
Page 197 and 198:
of millions of dollars in support o
Page 199 and 200:
In June 2010, four Sudanese men sen
Page 201 and 202:
Chapter 4. The Global Challenge of
Page 203 and 204:
provided equipment and training to
Page 205 and 206:
Chapter 5 Terrorist Safe Havens (Up
Page 207 and 208:
Iraq. In 2012, the Government of Ir
Page 209 and 210:
Yemen’s political instability mak
Page 211 and 212:
existing designations. The Departme
Page 213 and 214:
MULTILATERAL EFFORTS TO COUNTER TER
Page 215 and 216:
information on remaining listings h
Page 217 and 218:
system against money laundering and
Page 219 and 220:
possible AU-originated designations
Page 221 and 222:
in Africa, the Middle East, and Sou
Page 223 and 224:
SUPPORT TO PAKISTAN The United Stat
Page 225 and 226:
Nonproliferation, Antiterrorism, De
Page 227 and 228:
participate in future elections (ex
Page 229 and 230:
Radio Sawa also broadcast on medium
Page 231 and 232:
observations, suggestions, and ques
Page 233 and 234:
pages with RFA news content. RFA al
Page 235 and 236:
Religion Magazine programs have bee
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and training model to improve stude
Page 239 and 240:
Morocco. USAID’s Improving Traini
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tool to more than 433 teachers thro
Page 243 and 244:
programs. As an integral part of im
Page 245 and 246:
Harakat ul-Jihad-i-Islami/Banglades
Page 247 and 248:
Funding and External Aid: The ANO
Page 249 and 250:
Kurdistan. On May 4, 2010, Abu Abdu
Page 251 and 252:
Activities: In March 1995, AUM memb
Page 253 and 254:
warfare. Jose Maria Sison, the Chai
Page 255 and 256:
cease-fire, along with post-Septemb
Page 257 and 258:
Embassy and ISAF headquarters in Ka
Page 259 and 260:
HARAKAT UL-MUJAHIDEEN aka HUM; Hara
Page 261 and 262:
eplaced his cousin, Imad Mugniyeh,
Page 263 and 264:
Activities: The IJU primarily opera
Page 265 and 266:
Funding and External Aid: To avoid
Page 267 and 268:
JUNDALLAH aka People’s Resistance
Page 269 and 270:
Strength: Membership is estimated a
Page 271 and 272:
In 2011, LeT was responsible for mu
Page 273 and 274:
Funding and External Aid: The LTTE
Page 275 and 276:
Location/Area of Operation: Mostly
Page 277 and 278:
espectively, which caused no injuri
Page 279 and 280:
Al-Zawahiri claimed responsibility
Page 281 and 282:
Funding and External Aid: AQAP’s
Page 283 and 284:
Activities: Since 2007, when AQIM b
Page 285 and 286:
Over the years, the FARC has perpet
Page 287 and 288:
a small arms attack on a Turkish po
Page 289 and 290:
There were frequent reports of al-S
Page 291 and 292:
Throughout 2011, TTP carried out at
Page 293 and 294:
(B) the extent to which the governm
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Country Reports on Terrorism 2012

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