Country Reports on Terrorism 2012

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For further information on money laundering and financial crimes, we refer you to the 2013 International Narcotics Control Strategy Report (INCSR), Volume 2, Money Laundering and Financial Crimes: http://www.state.gov/j/inl/rls/nrcrpt/index.htm. Regional and International Cooperation: South Africa is a founding member of the Global Counterterrorism Forum and sent representatives from its embassies to participate in working group meetings. South Africa finished its second two-year term as a non-permanent member of the UNSC (2011-201w) and played a leading role in the AU Peace and Security Council. SOUTH SUDAN Overview: South Sudan is the newest country in the world, one of its least developed, and is recovering from 22 years of civil war. In 2012, the Government of South Sudan suffered from multiple institutional weaknesses – including insufficient policing and intelligence gathering capabilities, capacity and professionalism deficits within the military, inadequate border controls, and deficient aviation security and screening at the country’s main international airports in Juba, Malakal, and Rumbek. The government’s ability to enact preventive measures and to conduct counterterrorism operations was extremely limited. The Lord’s Resistance Army (LRA), led by Joseph Kony, a Specially Designated Global Terrorist under Executive Order 13224, remained a threat. Legislation, Law Enforcement, and Border Security: Airport security improved slightly with the implementation of some International Civil Aviation Organization security standards. Juba International Airport accepts travel documents in the form of identity cards and passports that generally meet international standards. South Sudan has very limited monetary and human resource capacity to provide effective law enforcement and border security with respect to counterterrorism. Additionally, the border with Sudan is disputed in many locations. Countering Terrorist Finance: South Sudan is not a member of a Financial Action Task Forcestyle regional body. In August, South Sudan passed anti-money laundering/combating the financing of terrorism legislation. The country’s capabilities to implement or enforce the law remained limited. For further information on money laundering and financial crimes, we refer you to the 2013 International Narcotics Control Strategy Report (INCSR), Volume 2, Money Laundering and Financial Crimes: http://www.state.gov/j/inl/rls/nrcrpt/index.htm. Regional and International Cooperation: South Sudan is a member of the UN, the AU, the Intergovernmental Authority on Development, Interpol, and the Eastern Africa Police Chiefs Cooperation Organization, a sub-regional organization of Interpol. South Sudan participated in the AU Regional Task Force (AU-RTF), a joint military task force that includes Uganda, the Democratic Republic of Congo, and the Central African Republic. The AU-RTF is tasked with eliminating the LRA threat in the region, and is supported by the UN and AU. TANZANIA Overview: Since the bombing of the U.S. Embassy in July 1998, Tanzania has not experienced another major terrorist attack. Al-Shabaab attacks in Kenya, however, have served as a reminder that the threat in the region is still very real. According to Tanzania's interagency National Counterterrorism Center (NCTC), the June arrest of al-Qa’ida (AQ) and al-Shabaab associate, 36
Emrah Erdogan, in Dar es Salaam suggests that the organizations have elements and plans within the country's borders. The NCTC sees itself as a means of preventing terrorist attacks rather than responding to them. In September and October, intermittent political unrest in Zanzibar, combined with mounting religious tensions on the mainland, created an environment in which the NCTC was on heightened alert watching for potential terrorist attacks. These developments resulted in demonstrations, rioting, and the destruction of property on a localized scale, but the NCTC did not consider any of these actions terrorism-related. The NCTC has identified the most historically radicalized areas of the country, and the police are therefore planning to install counterterrorism police units in these regions in order to better track and respond to violent extremism. The NCTC continued to work with local police to engage community elders and religious leaders in these regions to encourage dialogue as a means of addressing grievances rather than violence. Legislation, Law Enforcement, and Border Security: Regulations for the 2002 Prevention of Terrorism Act were drafted in 2011 and published in August 2012 as the Prevention of Terrorism Regulations 2012. The regulations establish the police and the Financial Intelligence Unit (FIU) as the institutions that are to collect and respond to reports of terrorist activity. The regulations also formalized the process for deeming someone a suspected terrorist, freezing assets, and sharing information between government agencies. To improve border security, the United States provided the police with several patrol boats in Dar es Salaam, Zanzibar, Mwanza, and Tanga. The NCTC reported that its personnel were reviewing border control systems to determine areas of further need. The most significant counterterrorism law enforcement action this year was the arrest of AQ and al-Shabaab associate Emrah Erdogan, a German citizen of Turkish origin. According to media reports, police received a tip from German authorities and arrested Erdogan on June 10 as he arrived at Dar es Salaam's international airport. Erdogan was wanted for suspected connections to al-Shabaab and for suspected involvement in bombings in Nairobi. Tanzania transferred Erdogan to Germany for trial. In addition to the Erdogan arrest, the Tanzanian government interdicted several youth allegedly heading to and returning from terrorist training facilities in Somalia and the Middle East. Tanzania shares borders with eight countries and lacks sufficient resources to adequately patrol those borders. Officers manning border posts are often underequipped and undertrained. Some border posts do not have access to electricity, so computerized systems are not always an option. Among the points of entry that do use computerized systems, there is no single border management software that integrates the information available at all posts. Several Ministry of Home Affairs officials have commented that border posts need better inter-operability. Countering Terrorist Finance: Tanzania is a member of the Eastern and Southern Africa Anti- Money Laundering Group, a Financial Action Task Force (FATF)-style regional body. Since October 2010, Tanzania has been publicly identified by the FATF as a jurisdiction with strategic anti-money laundering/combating the financing of terrorism deficiencies, for which it has developed an action plan with the FATF to address these weaknesses. In February 2012, Tanzania was named in the FATF Public Statement for its lack of progress in implementing its action plan. Since that time, however, Tanzania has made significant progress to address its outstanding deficiencies, including amending its Prevention of Terrorism Act in June 2012. 37
Page 1 and 2: Country Re
Page 3 and 4: Chapter 5. Terrorist Safe Havens (U
Page 5 and 6: Chapter 1. Strategic Assessment The
Page 7 and 8: While terrorism from non-state acto
Page 9 and 10: training courses in Algeria and Mor
Page 11 and 12: Countering Radicalization and Viole
Page 13 and 14: Legislation, Law Enforcement, and B
Page 15 and 16: emained an active security threat t
Page 17 and 18: youth in positive activities. In ad
Page 21 and 22: Countering Terrorist Finance: Kenya
Page 23 and 24: (CEMOC), based in Tamanrasset, Alge
Page 25 and 26: On September 24, Arab Maghreb Union
Page 27 and 28: widespread destruction of property
Page 29 and 30: While Nigeria regularly froze the a
Page 31 and 32: DRC to encourage the FDLR and other
Page 33 and 34: On April 4, a bombing of the nation
Page 35: etween some South Africa government
Page 39 and 40: (DRC); and one defunct Ugandan rebe
Page 43 and 44: enforcement officers attended U.S.-
Page 45 and 46: February, the Supreme Court rejecte
Page 47 and 48: 1980s. Despite two rounds of DPRK-J
Page 49 and 50: cooperated closely with the interna
Page 51 and 52: curfews and limits on their travel
Page 53 and 54: Republic Act No. 10167, which amend
Page 55 and 56: and was awaiting extradition to Tha
Page 57 and 58: countries signed or ratified agreem
Page 59 and 60: the confiscation of assault rifles,
Page 61 and 62: On June 25, six members of the so-c
Page 63 and 64: possession of weapons. They were se
Page 65 and 66: agreements; and lacked the legal an
Page 67 and 68: Prevention constitutes a key elemen
Page 69 and 70: powers to security services for the
Page 71 and 72: attempted murder of a U.S. consul i
Page 73 and 74: 2012 Terrorist Incidents: The year
Page 75 and 76: of South America against Money Laun
Page 77 and 78: DHS/ICE provided training to Hellen
Page 79 and 80: On January 24, an individual was se
Page 81 and 82: On March 27, Venice prosecutors ord
Page 83 and 84: In December, the Supreme Court of K
Page 85 and 86: United States admissible, which was
Page 87 and 88:
Legislation, Law Enforcement, and B
Page 89 and 90:
Federal Bureau of Investigation (FB
Page 91 and 92:
For further information on money la
Page 93 and 94:
According to the Prosecutor's Offic
Page 95 and 96:
Additional information on arrests o
Page 97 and 98:
Swedish citizen Paul Mardirossian,
Page 99 and 100:
On May 25, a policeman was killed a
Page 101 and 102:
Regional and International Cooperat
Page 103 and 104:
separate addresses in Luton under t
Page 105 and 106:
nascent security institutions, allo
Page 107 and 108:
On March 3, a vehicle-borne IED was
Page 109 and 110:
Countering Radicalization and Viole
Page 111 and 112:
effects of fanaticism, and ways to
Page 113 and 114:
equired actions. There are no speci
Page 115 and 116:
cooperation between investigators,
Page 117 and 118:
Countering Radicalization and Viole
Page 119 and 120:
On November 21, a bomb exploded in
Page 121 and 122:
states with counterterrorism effort
Page 123 and 124:
The PASF detained terrorists in the
Page 125 and 126:
The State Security Court (SSC) is J
Page 127 and 128:
Countering Terrorist Finance: Kuwai
Page 129 and 130:
On October 3, an explosion at a Hiz
Page 131 and 132:
Overview: In 2012, Libya was marked
Page 133 and 134:
intensify cooperation with their ne
Page 135 and 136:
In December, authorities dismantled
Page 137 and 138:
territorial waters. In addition, th
Page 139 and 140:
Saudi security forces in Jizan prov
Page 141 and 142:
Overview: Tunisian security forces
Page 143 and 144:
the presidential amnesty granted af
Page 145 and 146:
Tunisia. Tunisian authorities inten
Page 147 and 148:
In March, ICE and CBP provided BCS
Page 149 and 150:
comprehensive and does not include
Page 151 and 152:
There were a number of arrests of t
Page 153 and 154:
AFGHANISTAN Overview: Though the pr
Page 155 and 156:
Legislation, Law Enforcement, and B
Page 157 and 158:
established by President Karzai in
Page 159 and 160:
In December, the Indian government
Page 161 and 162:
government infrastructure or armed
Page 163 and 164:
KYRGYZSTAN Overview: 2012 was a yea
Page 165 and 166:
Countering Terrorist Finance: Maldi
Page 167 and 168:
Lashkar-e-Tayyiba (LeT), which cont
Page 169 and 170:
Pakistan did not conclude the trial
Page 171 and 172:
organizational remnants have contin
Page 173 and 174:
Annual Report to Congress on Intern
Page 175 and 176:
that address terrorism, including t
Page 177 and 178:
took place in Switzerland. Argentin
Page 179 and 180:
Overview: Canada is an indispensabl
Page 181 and 182:
Canada has a rigorous detection and
Page 183 and 184:
On April 27, in a complex attack in
Page 185 and 186:
expert to Peru to provide instructi
Page 187 and 188:
Executive Decree 448 of December 28
Page 189 and 190:
Department. Estimates of membership
Page 191 and 192:
Peruvian population in border areas
Page 193 and 194:
ut instead choose to rejoin SL upon
Page 195 and 196:
Chapter 3. State Sponsors of Terror
Page 197 and 198:
of millions of dollars in support o
Page 199 and 200:
In June 2010, four Sudanese men sen
Page 201 and 202:
Chapter 4. The Global Challenge of
Page 203 and 204:
provided equipment and training to
Page 205 and 206:
Chapter 5 Terrorist Safe Havens (Up
Page 207 and 208:
Iraq. In 2012, the Government of Ir
Page 209 and 210:
Yemen’s political instability mak
Page 211 and 212:
existing designations. The Departme
Page 213 and 214:
MULTILATERAL EFFORTS TO COUNTER TER
Page 215 and 216:
information on remaining listings h
Page 217 and 218:
system against money laundering and
Page 219 and 220:
possible AU-originated designations
Page 221 and 222:
in Africa, the Middle East, and Sou
Page 223 and 224:
SUPPORT TO PAKISTAN The United Stat
Page 225 and 226:
Nonproliferation, Antiterrorism, De
Page 227 and 228:
participate in future elections (ex
Page 229 and 230:
Radio Sawa also broadcast on medium
Page 231 and 232:
observations, suggestions, and ques
Page 233 and 234:
pages with RFA news content. RFA al
Page 235 and 236:
Religion Magazine programs have bee
Page 237 and 238:
and training model to improve stude
Page 239 and 240:
Morocco. USAID’s Improving Traini
Page 241 and 242:
tool to more than 433 teachers thro
Page 243 and 244:
programs. As an integral part of im
Page 245 and 246:
Harakat ul-Jihad-i-Islami/Banglades
Page 247 and 248:
Funding and External Aid: The ANO
Page 249 and 250:
Kurdistan. On May 4, 2010, Abu Abdu
Page 251 and 252:
Activities: In March 1995, AUM memb
Page 253 and 254:
warfare. Jose Maria Sison, the Chai
Page 255 and 256:
cease-fire, along with post-Septemb
Page 257 and 258:
Embassy and ISAF headquarters in Ka
Page 259 and 260:
HARAKAT UL-MUJAHIDEEN aka HUM; Hara
Page 261 and 262:
eplaced his cousin, Imad Mugniyeh,
Page 263 and 264:
Activities: The IJU primarily opera
Page 265 and 266:
Funding and External Aid: To avoid
Page 267 and 268:
JUNDALLAH aka People’s Resistance
Page 269 and 270:
Strength: Membership is estimated a
Page 271 and 272:
In 2011, LeT was responsible for mu
Page 273 and 274:
Funding and External Aid: The LTTE
Page 275 and 276:
Location/Area of Operation: Mostly
Page 277 and 278:
espectively, which caused no injuri
Page 279 and 280:
Al-Zawahiri claimed responsibility
Page 281 and 282:
Funding and External Aid: AQAP’s
Page 283 and 284:
Activities: Since 2007, when AQIM b
Page 285 and 286:
Over the years, the FARC has perpet
Page 287 and 288:
a small arms attack on a Turkish po
Page 289 and 290:
There were frequent reports of al-S
Page 291 and 292:
Throughout 2011, TTP carried out at
Page 293 and 294:
(B) the extent to which the governm
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Country Reports on Terrorism 2012

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