Country Reports on Terrorism 2012
Country Reports on Terrorism 2012 Country Reports on Terrorism 2012
which killed four people, including U.S. diplomat David Foy, and injured 48 others. HUJI was also responsible for terrorist attacks in India including the May 2007 Hyderabad mosque attack, which killed 16 and injured 40; and the March 2007 Varanasi attack, which killed 25 and injured 100. HUJI claimed responsibility for the September 7, 2011 bombing of the New Delhi High Court, which left at least 11 dead and an estimated 76 wounded. HUJI sent an email to the press stating that the bomb was intended to force India to repeal a death sentence of a HUJI member. While HUJI continued its recruitment efforts in 2012, the organization also had several members arrested by authorities. Strength: HUJI has an estimated strength of several hundred members. Location/Area of Operation: HUJI’s area of operation extends throughout South Asia, with its terrorist operations focused primarily in India and Afghanistan. Some factions of HUJI conduct attacks within Pakistan. Funding and External Aid: Unknown HARAKAT UL-JIHAD-I-ISLAMI/BANGLADESH aka HUJI-B, Harakat ul Jihad e Islami Bangladesh; Harkatul Jihad al Islam; Harkatul Jihad; Harakat ul Jihad al Islami; Harkat ul Jihad al Islami; Harkat-ul-Jehad-al-Islami; Harakat ul Jihad Islami Bangladesh; Islami Dawat-e-Kafela; IDEK Description: Designated as a Foreign Terrorist Organization on March 5, 2008, Harakat ul- Jihad-i-Islami/Bangladesh (HUJI-B) was formed in April 1992 by a group of former Bangladeshi Afghan veterans to establish Islamic rule in Bangladesh. In October 2005, Bangladeshi authorities banned the group. HUJI-B has connections to Pakistani terrorist groups such as Lashkar e-Tayyiba, which advocate similar objectives. The leaders of HUJI-B signed the February 1998 fatwa sponsored by Usama bin Laden that declared American civilians legitimate targets. Activities: In December 2008, three HUJI-B members were convicted for the May 2004 grenade attack that wounded the British High Commissioner in Sylhet, Bangladesh. In 2011, Bangladeshi authorities formally charged multiple suspects, including HUJI-B leader Mufti Abdul Hannan, with the killing of former Finance Minister Shah AMS Kibria of Awami League in a grenade attack on January 27, 2005. Though HUJI-B committed no known attacks in 2012, there were indications that the group continued to recruit members, particularly women. Authorities arrested several HUJI-B members. Strength: HUJI-B leaders claim that up to 400 of its members are Afghan war veterans, but its total membership is unknown. Location/Area of Operation: The group operates primarily in Bangladesh and India. HUJI-B trains and has a network of madrassas in Bangladesh. Funding and External Aid: HUJI-B funding comes from a variety of sources. Several international Muslim NGOs may have funneled money to HUJI-B and other Bangladeshi militant groups. 258
HARAKAT UL-MUJAHIDEEN aka HUM; Harakat ul-Ansar; HUA; Jamiat ul-Ansar; JUA; al-Faran; al-Hadid; al- Hadith; Harakat ul-Mujahidin Description: Designated as a Foreign Terrorist Organization on October 8, 1997, Harakat ul- Mujahideen (HUM) seeks the annexation of Indian Kashmir and the expulsion of Coalition Forces in Afghanistan. Reportedly under pressure from the Government of Pakistan, HUM’s long-time leader Fazlur Rehman Khalil stepped down and was replaced by Dr. Badr Munir as the head of HUM in January 2005. HUM operated terrorist training camps in eastern Afghanistan until Coalition air strikes destroyed them in 2001. Khalil was detained by Pakistani authorities in mid-2004 and subsequently released in late December of the same year. In 2003, HUM began using the name Jamiat ul-Ansar (JUA). Pakistan banned JUA in November 2003. Activities: HUM has conducted a number of operations against Indian troops and civilian targets in Kashmir. It is linked to the Kashmiri militant group al-Faran, which kidnapped five Western tourists in Kashmir in July 1995; the five reportedly were killed later that year. HUM was responsible for the hijacking of an Indian airliner in December 1999 that resulted in the release of Masood Azhar, an important leader in the former Harakat ul-Ansar, who was imprisoned by India in 1994 and then founded Jaish-e-Mohammed (JEM) after his release. Another former member of Harakat ul-Ansar, Ahmed Omar Sheik was also released by India as a result of the hijackings and was later convicted of the abduction and murder in 2002 of U.S. journalist Daniel Pearl. HUM targets Indian security and civilian targets in Kashmir. In 2005, such attacks resulted in the deaths of 15 people. In November 2007, two Indian soldiers were killed in Kashmir while engaged in a firefight with a group of HUM militants. Indian police and army forces have engaged with HUM militants in the Kashmir region, killing a number of the organization’s leadership in April, October, and December 2008. In February 2009, Lalchand Kishen Advani, leader of the Indian opposition Bharatiya Janata Party, received a death threat that was attributed to HUM. In December 2012, Pakistani police disrupted militants associated with HUM and Lashkar i Jhangvi who were planning an attack on a congregation hall in Karachi, Pakistan. Strength: HUM has several hundred armed supporters located in Pakistan-administered Kashmir; India’s southern Kashmir and Doda regions; and in the Kashmir valley. Supporters are mostly Pakistanis and Kashmiris, but also include Afghans and Arab veterans of the Afghan war. After 2000, a significant portion of HUM’s membership defected to JEM. Location/Area of Operation: Based in Muzaffarabad, Rawalpindi, and several other cities in Pakistan, HUM conducts insurgent and terrorist operations primarily in Kashmir and Afghanistan. HUM trains its militants in Afghanistan and Pakistan. Funding and External Aid: HUM collects donations from wealthy and grassroots donors in Pakistan. HUM’s financial collection methods include soliciting donations in magazine advertisements and pamphlets. 259
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which killed four people, including U.S. diplomat David Foy, and injured 48 others. HUJI was<br />
also resp<strong>on</strong>sible for terrorist attacks in India including the May 2007 Hyderabad mosque attack,<br />
which killed 16 and injured 40; and the March 2007 Varanasi attack, which killed 25 and injured<br />
100. HUJI claimed resp<strong>on</strong>sibility for the September 7, 2011 bombing of the New Delhi High<br />
Court, which left at least 11 dead and an estimated 76 wounded. HUJI sent an email to the press<br />
stating that the bomb was intended to force India to repeal a death sentence of a HUJI member.<br />
While HUJI c<strong>on</strong>tinued its recruitment efforts in <strong>2012</strong>, the organizati<strong>on</strong> also had several members<br />
arrested by authorities.<br />
Strength: HUJI has an estimated strength of several hundred members.<br />
Locati<strong>on</strong>/Area of Operati<strong>on</strong>: HUJI’s area of operati<strong>on</strong> extends throughout South Asia, with its<br />
terrorist operati<strong>on</strong>s focused primarily in India and Afghanistan. Some facti<strong>on</strong>s of HUJI c<strong>on</strong>duct<br />
attacks within Pakistan.<br />
Funding and External Aid: Unknown<br />
HARAKAT UL-JIHAD-I-ISLAMI/BANGLADESH<br />
aka HUJI-B, Harakat ul Jihad e Islami Bangladesh; Harkatul Jihad al Islam; Harkatul Jihad;<br />
Harakat ul Jihad al Islami; Harkat ul Jihad al Islami; Harkat-ul-Jehad-al-Islami; Harakat ul Jihad<br />
Islami Bangladesh; Islami Dawat-e-Kafela; IDEK<br />
Descripti<strong>on</strong>: Designated as a Foreign Terrorist Organizati<strong>on</strong> <strong>on</strong> March 5, 2008, Harakat ul-<br />
Jihad-i-Islami/Bangladesh (HUJI-B) was formed in April 1992 by a group of former Bangladeshi<br />
Afghan veterans to establish Islamic rule in Bangladesh. In October 2005, Bangladeshi<br />
authorities banned the group. HUJI-B has c<strong>on</strong>necti<strong>on</strong>s to Pakistani terrorist groups such as<br />
Lashkar e-Tayyiba, which advocate similar objectives. The leaders of HUJI-B signed the<br />
February 1998 fatwa sp<strong>on</strong>sored by Usama bin Laden that declared American civilians legitimate<br />
targets.<br />
Activities: In December 2008, three HUJI-B members were c<strong>on</strong>victed for the May 2004 grenade<br />
attack that wounded the British High Commissi<strong>on</strong>er in Sylhet, Bangladesh. In 2011, Bangladeshi<br />
authorities formally charged multiple suspects, including HUJI-B leader Mufti Abdul Hannan,<br />
with the killing of former Finance Minister Shah AMS Kibria of Awami League in a grenade<br />
attack <strong>on</strong> January 27, 2005. Though HUJI-B committed no known attacks in <strong>2012</strong>, there were<br />
indicati<strong>on</strong>s that the group c<strong>on</strong>tinued to recruit members, particularly women. Authorities arrested<br />
several HUJI-B members.<br />
Strength: HUJI-B leaders claim that up to 400 of its members are Afghan war veterans, but its<br />
total membership is unknown.<br />
Locati<strong>on</strong>/Area of Operati<strong>on</strong>: The group operates primarily in Bangladesh and India. HUJI-B<br />
trains and has a network of madrassas in Bangladesh.<br />
Funding and External Aid: HUJI-B funding comes from a variety of sources. Several<br />
internati<strong>on</strong>al Muslim NGOs may have funneled m<strong>on</strong>ey to HUJI-B and other Bangladeshi<br />
militant groups.<br />
258