Country Reports on Terrorism 2012

Batasuna. In 2010, when Batasuna continued to try to participate in regional politics, splits
between parts of ETA became publicly apparent.
Activities: ETA primarily has conducted bombings and assassinations. Targets typically have
included Spanish government officials, businessmen, politicians, judicial figures, and security
and military forces, but the group has also targeted journalists and tourist areas. The group is
responsible for killing 829 civilians and members of the armed forces or police, and injuring
thousands since it formally began a campaign of violence in 1968.
ETA has committed numerous attacks in the last four decades. Some of the group’s high profile
attacks include the February 2005 ETA car bombing in Madrid at a convention center where
Spanish King Juan Carlos and then Mexican President Vicente Fox were scheduled to appear,
wounding more than 20 people. In December 2006, ETA exploded a massive car bomb that
destroyed much of the covered parking garage at Madrid’s Barajas International Airport. ETA
marked its fiftieth anniversary in 2009 with a series of high profile and deadly bombings,
including the July attack on a Civil Guard Barracks that injured more than 60 people, including
children.
In March 2010, a Spanish judge charged ETA and Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia
members of terrorist plots, including a plan to assassinate Colombian President Alvaro Uribe.
Spanish authorities arrested more than 400 ETA members between 2007 and 2010 and arrested
an additional 52 in 2011. In 2012, a number of ETA fugitives were arrested. In June, an ETA
operative was apprehended in London and two in France. In August, another ETA fugitive, who
had been a target of a European arrest warrant since 2001, was arrested in London.
In October 2011, the militarily weakened and politically isolated ETA announced a “definitive
cessation” of armed activity. Given that the group has made and broken several past cease-fires,
Madrid rejected this announcement and demanded that ETA disarm and disband.
Strength: Estimates put ETA membership, of those who have not been captured by authorities,
at fewer than 100. Spanish and French prisons together hold approximately 750 ETA members.
Location/Area of Operation: ETA operates primarily in the Basque autonomous regions of
northern Spain and southwestern France, but has attacked Spanish and French interests
elsewhere. The group also maintains a low profile presence in Cuba and Venezuela.
Funding and External Aid: ETA is probably experiencing financial shortages given that the
group announced publicly in September 2011 that it had ceased collecting “revolutionary taxes”
from Basque businesses. This extortion program was a major source of ETA’s income.
COMMUNIST PARTY OF PHILIPPINES/NEW PEOPLE’S ARMY
aka CPP/NPA; Communist Party of the Philippines; the CPP; New People’s Army; the NPA
Description: The Communist Party of the Philippines/New People’s Army (CPP/NPA) was
designated as a Foreign Terrorist Organization on August 9, 2002. The military wing of the
Communist Party of the Philippines (CPP), the New People’s Army (NPA), is a Maoist group
formed in March 1969 with the aim of overthrowing the government through protracted guerrilla
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