Country Reports on Terrorism 2012

Earlier 2009 initiatives to establish a National Intelligence Grid, a platform for informationsharing
between law enforcement, intelligence services, and other government agencies, and a
national crime record database had not been implemented by year’s end, but some progress was
reported. The Crime and Criminal Tracking Network and Systems will create a nation-wide
environment for the real-time sharing of crime and criminal information.
Countering Terrorist Finance: India is a member of the Financial Action Task Force (FATF)
and two FATF-style regional bodies; the Eurasian Group on Combating Money Laundering and
Terrorist Financing and the Asia/Pacific Group on Money Laundering. The international
community has targeted LeT individuals and entities under terrorism sanctions, and through
FATF, the United States has worked with India to help improve its anti-money
laundering/combating the financing of terrorism regime. The number of cases under
investigation has continued to increase, but the number of persons convicted has remained low in
comparison with the terrorism finance risk faced by India. For further information on money
laundering and financial crimes, we refer you to the 2013 International Narcotics Control
Strategy Report (INSCR) Volume 2, Money Laundering and Financial Crimes:
http://www.state.gov/j/inl/rls/nrcrpt/index.htm.
Regional and International Cooperation: India is a founding member of the Global
Counterterrorism Forum (GCTF) and was an active participant in the GCTF and other UN
forums on counterterrorism throughout the year. The Indian and Bangladeshi governments
agreed in December to enhance cooperation under their bilateral Coordinated Border
Management Plan to control illegal cross-border activities and reviewed the functioning of their
system for sharing information on security-related matters.
Countering Radicalization and Violent Extremism: India’s counter radicalization and violent
extremism efforts are mostly directed by state and local authorities; under the Indian Constitution
police and public order issues are state functions. The Indian government has programs that
attempt to rehabilitate and integrate various groups, mostly insurgents, back into the mainstream
of society, such as the “Scheme for Surrender cum-Rehabilitation of militants in North East.”
While not a counter radicalization scheme per se, it is directed at disaffected members of Indian
society who support separatist and at times violent movements. Indian government officials have
raised concerns about how social media and the internet can be used to stir communal unrest and
radicalization. However, there was no national program or policy on countering radicalization or
violent extremism.
KAZAKHSTAN
Overview: Kazakhstani officials continued to exhibit concern about violent extremism. Several
small explosions and gun battles between security forces and suspected violent extremists kept
the government on high alert, but terrorist groups have yet to mount a successful, large-scale
attack in Kazakhstan. Critics claimed that official measures to counter radicalization and violent
extremism were often too heavy-handed, and could result in increasing radicalization. In 2012,
the government increasingly used the threat of violent extremism to justify limitations on
political opposition and media outlets.
2012 Terrorist Incidents: Security incidents attributed to terrorists or violent extremists
generally involved small explosive devices or small arms ambushes, primarily targeting
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