Country Reports on Terrorism 2012

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we refer you to the 2013 International Narcotics Control Strategy Report (INCSR), Volume 2, Money Laundering and Financial Crimes: http://www.state.gov/j/inl/rls/nrcrpt/index.htm. Regional and International Cooperation: Saudi Arabia cooperated regionally and internationally on counterterrorism issues. It is a founding member of the Global Counterterrorism Forum, and has been a member of the Global Initiative to Combat Nuclear Terrorism and the Proliferation Security Initiative since 2008. Saudi Arabia is also a member of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC), which itself is a member of the FATF. Saudi government officials issued statements encouraging enhanced cooperation among GCC and Arab League states on counterterrorism issues, and the Saudi government hosted international counterterrorism conferences on subjects ranging from combating violent extremist ideology to countering terrorist financing. Throughout the year, Saudi security professionals regularly participated in joint programs around the world, including in Europe and the United States. In addition to Saudi Arabia's bilateral cooperation with the United States, Saudi security officials also worked with other international counterparts to conduct missions and exchange information. Throughout the year, Saudi Arabia concluded security-related bilateral agreements (including counterterrorism and anti-money laundering cooperation) with a number of countries, including Albania, Belarus, Bermuda, Comoros, Indonesia, Malta, the Netherlands, Poland, San Marino, and Singapore. In November, Saudi Arabia, along with the other five GCC member states, concluded a GCC-wide security agreement including counterterrorism cooperation. In April, the Kingdom ratified the Arab Agreement on Anti-Money Laundering and Counterterrorism Financing. In June, Saudi Arabia extradited Indian national Abu Jundal (also known as Zabiuddin Sayed Zakiuddin Ansari) to India to stand trial for his alleged involvement in the 2008 terrorist attacks in Mumbai. Countering Radicalization and Violent Extremism: The Saudi government focused on: increasing public awareness campaigns; and conducting outreach, counter-radicalization, and rehabilitation programs. Some of these efforts involved seminars that refuted violent Islamist extremist interpretation and ideology. Public awareness campaigns aimed to raise awareness among Saudi citizens about the dangers of violent extremism and terrorism. Methods used included advertisements and programs on television, in schools and mosques, and at sporting events. The government also issued statements condemning terrorists and denouncing terrorist attacks across the world, including the September attack against the U.S. consulate in Benghazi, Libya. The Ministry of Interior continued to operate its flagship de-radicalization program (the Sakina Campaign for Dialogue), as well as its extensive prison rehabilitation program to reduce recidivism among former inmates. The Ministry of Islamic Affairs continued to re-educate imams, prohibiting them from incitement to violence, and monitored mosques and religious education. The Saudi government also continued its ongoing program to modernize the educational curriculum, including textbooks used in religious training. We refer you to the Department of State’s Annual Report to Congress on International Religious Freedom (http://www.state.gov/j/drl/rls/irf/) for further information. TUNISIA 140
Overview: Tunisian security forces continued to deal with new threats from inside and outside the country, attacks on facilities, a dearth of resources, an inefficient and often ambiguous command and control structure, and a poor public image. Amid these challenges, Tunisia faced numerous security threats and clearly identifiable terrorist activities, while also taking action against individuals and cells. The most significant attacks were the September 14 events at the U.S. Embassy and the American Cooperative School of Tunis, which highlighted to the Government of Tunisia and Tunisian citizens the extent of the internal threats to security and stability. Tunisia also saw an increase in religiously motivated acts of vandalism and harassment, generally carried out by violent Salafist extremists. With the ouster of Ben Ali’s regime, Tunisia experienced a rise in political Islam and the emergence of hard-line Salafists, who reject Western values, seek the reestablishment of an Islamist Caliphate, and contend the Islamist Nahda Party is too accommodating to the West. Salafists repeatedly disrupted social order in 2012. As incidents of religious intolerance increased in Tunisia, the government at times vacillated in responding to excesses by Tunisia’s Salafist movement. Both President Marzouki and Prime Minister Jebali denounced certain incidents and appealed for religious tolerance. The most notable examples included: On January 5, after a crowd shouted anti-Semitic slogans during the airport arrival of Hamas leader Ismail Haniyeh, the Nahda party publicly condemned the anti-Jewish statements. On April 5, the Tunisian Court of the First Instance formally accepted a complaint filed by Jewish Community President Roger Bismuth against a preacher who called for Tunisian youth to wage war against Jews. In response to the complaint, the government launched an investigation of the incident. On April 11, President Marzouki visited the El Ghriba synagogue in Djerba to commemorate the 10-year anniversary of the al-Qa’ida (AQ) attack there that killed 21 people. In the ceremony, Marzouki reiterated that Tunisian Jews were equal citizens under the law and the government was committed to the security of the 2,600 year-old community. Marzouki called the terrorist attack “cowardly,” and expressed sympathy for the families of the victims who died. On April 14, President Marzouki visited the Russian Orthodox Church in Tunis, responding to the church’s call for protection and displaying the Government of Tunisia’s support for religious freedom. The visit followed the arrest of the individual who covered the church’s crosses on March 30, and culminated in a series of actions taken to halt incidents of vandalism and intimidation against the church. 2012 Terrorist Incidents: The list of incidents below highlights some of the most significant terrorism-related events that took place during the year. There was a marked increase in the number of incidents fueled by violent extremism. On February 1, Tunisian security forces exchanged gunfire with suspected weapons smugglers near the town of Bir Ali Ben Khalifa in the governorate of Sfax. In the exchange, Tunisian forces killed two gunmen and arrested a third after the gunmen wounded a National Guard officer and three soldiers. On February 23, 200 Salafists confronted police in Jendouba with sticks, swords, and Molotov cocktails, setting fire to a police station. 141
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Country Re
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Chapter 5. Terrorist Safe Havens (U
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Chapter 1. Strategic Assessment The
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While terrorism from non-state acto
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training courses in Algeria and Mor
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Countering Radicalization and Viole
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Legislation, Law Enforcement, and B
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emained an active security threat t
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youth in positive activities. In ad
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Countering Terrorist Finance: Kenya
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(CEMOC), based in Tamanrasset, Alge
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On September 24, Arab Maghreb Union
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widespread destruction of property
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While Nigeria regularly froze the a
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DRC to encourage the FDLR and other
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On April 4, a bombing of the nation
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etween some South Africa government
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Emrah Erdogan, in Dar es Salaam sug
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(DRC); and one defunct Ugandan rebe
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enforcement officers attended U.S.-
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February, the Supreme Court rejecte
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1980s. Despite two rounds of DPRK-J
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cooperated closely with the interna
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curfews and limits on their travel
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Republic Act No. 10167, which amend
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and was awaiting extradition to Tha
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countries signed or ratified agreem
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the confiscation of assault rifles,
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On June 25, six members of the so-c
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possession of weapons. They were se
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agreements; and lacked the legal an
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Prevention constitutes a key elemen
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powers to security services for the
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attempted murder of a U.S. consul i
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2012 Terrorist Incidents: The year
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of South America against Money Laun
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DHS/ICE provided training to Hellen
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On January 24, an individual was se
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On March 27, Venice prosecutors ord
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In December, the Supreme Court of K
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United States admissible, which was
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Page 89 and 90: Federal Bureau of Investigation (FB
Page 91 and 92: For further information on money la
Page 93 and 94: According to the Prosecutor's Offic
Page 95 and 96: Additional information on arrests o
Page 97 and 98: Swedish citizen Paul Mardirossian,
Page 99 and 100: On May 25, a policeman was killed a
Page 101 and 102: Regional and International Cooperat
Page 103 and 104: separate addresses in Luton under t
Page 105 and 106: nascent security institutions, allo
Page 107 and 108: On March 3, a vehicle-borne IED was
Page 109 and 110: Countering Radicalization and Viole
Page 111 and 112: effects of fanaticism, and ways to
Page 113 and 114: equired actions. There are no speci
Page 115 and 116: cooperation between investigators,
Page 117 and 118: Countering Radicalization and Viole
Page 119 and 120: On November 21, a bomb exploded in
Page 121 and 122: states with counterterrorism effort
Page 123 and 124: The PASF detained terrorists in the
Page 125 and 126: The State Security Court (SSC) is J
Page 127 and 128: Countering Terrorist Finance: Kuwai
Page 129 and 130: On October 3, an explosion at a Hiz
Page 131 and 132: Overview: In 2012, Libya was marked
Page 133 and 134: intensify cooperation with their ne
Page 135 and 136: In December, authorities dismantled
Page 137 and 138: territorial waters. In addition, th
Page 139: Saudi security forces in Jizan prov
Page 143 and 144: the presidential amnesty granted af
Page 145 and 146: Tunisia. Tunisian authorities inten
Page 147 and 148: In March, ICE and CBP provided BCS
Page 149 and 150: comprehensive and does not include
Page 151 and 152: There were a number of arrests of t
Page 153 and 154: AFGHANISTAN Overview: Though the pr
Page 155 and 156: Legislation, Law Enforcement, and B
Page 157 and 158: established by President Karzai in
Page 159 and 160: In December, the Indian government
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Page 163 and 164: KYRGYZSTAN Overview: 2012 was a yea
Page 165 and 166: Countering Terrorist Finance: Maldi
Page 167 and 168: Lashkar-e-Tayyiba (LeT), which cont
Page 169 and 170: Pakistan did not conclude the trial
Page 171 and 172: organizational remnants have contin
Page 173 and 174: Annual Report to Congress on Intern
Page 175 and 176: that address terrorism, including t
Page 177 and 178: took place in Switzerland. Argentin
Page 179 and 180: Overview: Canada is an indispensabl
Page 181 and 182: Canada has a rigorous detection and
Page 183 and 184: On April 27, in a complex attack in
Page 185 and 186: expert to Peru to provide instructi
Page 187 and 188: Executive Decree 448 of December 28
Page 189 and 190: Department. Estimates of membership
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Peruvian population in border areas
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ut instead choose to rejoin SL upon
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Chapter 3. State Sponsors of Terror
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of millions of dollars in support o
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In June 2010, four Sudanese men sen
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Chapter 4. The Global Challenge of
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provided equipment and training to
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Chapter 5 Terrorist Safe Havens (Up
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Iraq. In 2012, the Government of Ir
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Yemen’s political instability mak
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existing designations. The Departme
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MULTILATERAL EFFORTS TO COUNTER TER
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information on remaining listings h
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system against money laundering and
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possible AU-originated designations
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in Africa, the Middle East, and Sou
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SUPPORT TO PAKISTAN The United Stat
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Nonproliferation, Antiterrorism, De
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participate in future elections (ex
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Radio Sawa also broadcast on medium
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observations, suggestions, and ques
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pages with RFA news content. RFA al
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Religion Magazine programs have bee
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and training model to improve stude
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Morocco. USAID’s Improving Traini
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tool to more than 433 teachers thro
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programs. As an integral part of im
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Harakat ul-Jihad-i-Islami/Banglades
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Funding and External Aid: The ANO
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Kurdistan. On May 4, 2010, Abu Abdu
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Activities: In March 1995, AUM memb
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warfare. Jose Maria Sison, the Chai
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cease-fire, along with post-Septemb
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Embassy and ISAF headquarters in Ka
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HARAKAT UL-MUJAHIDEEN aka HUM; Hara
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eplaced his cousin, Imad Mugniyeh,
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Activities: The IJU primarily opera
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Funding and External Aid: To avoid
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JUNDALLAH aka People’s Resistance
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Strength: Membership is estimated a
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In 2011, LeT was responsible for mu
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Funding and External Aid: The LTTE
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Location/Area of Operation: Mostly
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espectively, which caused no injuri
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Al-Zawahiri claimed responsibility
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Funding and External Aid: AQAP’s
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Activities: Since 2007, when AQIM b
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Over the years, the FARC has perpet
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a small arms attack on a Turkish po
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There were frequent reports of al-S
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Throughout 2011, TTP carried out at
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(B) the extent to which the governm
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