GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government

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4-2 Classification of Hazardous to the Aquatic Environment Even in its second revised edition, the GHS classification criteria for environmental hazards are established only for “aquatic environmental hazards”, which are addressed in Section 4.1. In addition, there are Annex 9 “Guideline on Hazards to the Aquatic Environment” and Annex 10 “Guidance on Transformation/Dissolution of Metals and Metal Compounds.” GHS classification should be performed by referring to them. (1)Definitions Definitions of Acute Aquatic Toxicity and Chronic Aquatic Toxicity in UN GHS are as follows, and they are adopted in this guidance. 【GHS 2 nd revised edition】(4.1.1.1) Acute aquatic toxicity means the intrinsic property of a substance to be injurious to an organism in a short-term exposure to that substance. Availability of a substance means the extent to which this substance becomes a soluble or disaggregate species. For metal availability, the extent to which the metal ion portion of a metal (M ﾟ) compound can disaggregate from the rest of the compound (molecule). Bioavailability (or biological availability) means the extent to which a substance is taken up by an organism, and distributed to an area within the organism. It is dependent upon physico-chemical properties of the substance, anatomy and physiology of the organism, pharmacokinetics, and route of exposure. Availability is not a prerequisite for bio availability. Bioaccumulation means net result of uptake, transformation and elimination of a substance in an organism due to all routes of exposure (i.e. air, water, sediment/soil and food) Bioconcentration means net result of uptake, transformation and elimination of a substance in an organism due to waterborne exposure. Chronic aquatic toxicity means potential or actual properties of a substance to cause adverse effects to aquatic organisms during exposures which are determined in relation to the life-cycle of the organism. Complex mixtures or multi-component substances or complex substances means mixtures comprising a complex mix of individual substances with different solubilities and physico-chemical properties. In most cases, they can be characterized as a homologous series of substances with a certain range of carbon chain length/number of degree of substitution. Degradation means the decomposition of organic molecules to smaller molecules and eventually to carbon dioxide, water and salts. (2)Classification criteria A) Classification criteria based on JIS Classification 202
Acute Toxicity Category: Acute 1 96 hr LC50 (for fish) ≤1 mg/l and/or 48 hr EC50 (for crustacea) ≤1 mg/l and/or 72 or 96hr ErC50 (for algae or other aquatic plants) ≤1 mg/l Category: Acute 2 96 hr LC50 (for fish) >1-≤10 mg/l and/or 48 hr EC50 (for crustacea) >1-≤10 mg/l and/or 72 or 96hr ErC50 (for algae or other aquatic plants) >1-≤10 mg/ Category: Acute 3 96 hr LC50 (for fish) >10-≤100 mg/l and/or 48 hr EC50 (for crustacea) >10-≤100 mg/l and/or 72 or 96hr ErC50 (for algae or other aquatic plants) >10-≤100 mg/l Chronic toxicity Category: Chronic 1 96 hr LC50 (for fish) ≤1 mg/l and/or 48 hr EC50 (for crustacea) ≤1 mg/l and/or 72 or 96hr ErC50 (for algae or other aquatic plants) ≤1 mg/l and the substance is not rapidly degradable and/or the log Kow ≥ 4 (unless the experimentally determined BCF is 1 to ≤10 mg/l and/or 48 hr EC50 (for crustacea) >1 to ≤10 mg/l and/or 72 or 96hr ErC50 (for algae or other aquatic plants) >1 to ≤10 mg/l and the substance is not rapidly degradable and/or the log Kow ≥ 4 (unless the experimentally determined BCF is 1 mg/l Category: Chronic 3 96 hr LC50 (for fish) >10to≤100mg/l and/or 48 hr EC50 (for crustacea) >10to≤100mg/l and/or 72 or 96hr ErC50 (for algae or other aquatic plants) >10to≤100 mg/l and the substance is not rapidly degradable and/or the log Kow ≥ 4 (unless the experimentally determined BCF is 1 mg/ Category: Chronic 4 Poorly soluble substances for which no acute toxicity is recorded at levels up to the 203
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GHS Classification Guidance for the
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2-3-12 Substances and mixtures whic
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Japanese judgments and consideratio
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(2) Points to remember when describ
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① ② Information Gathering Class
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Part2. Physical Hazards Guidance 2-
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described in the next section is of
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Information in the book can be sear
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(8) International Chemical Safety C
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guidelines can be compared with GHS
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“Liquids” are defined as substa
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When a substance does not contain c
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Table 2-2 Filled examples of "Not a
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oxygen balance = -1600 [2x +(y/2) -
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GHS classification 8)Self-reactive
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The “Dangerous Goods Regulations,
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4.2 4.3 5.1(I) 5.1(II) 5.1(III) 6.1
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Table 2-5 Filled examples of “Cla
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explosion hazard: (i) combustion of
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water, by mass (n)GUANYLNITROSAMINO
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substance 0224 BARIUM AZIDE, dry or
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1337 NITROSTARCH, WETTED with not l
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(4) Data availability Physical prop
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flame distance (ignition distance)
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Nitrogen trifluoride C і = 1.6 Nit
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2-3-5 Gases Under Pressure (1)Defin
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2-3-6 Flammable Liquids (1)Definiti
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Category 3 =UNRTDG3 III Category 4
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Table 2.7.1: Criteria for flammable
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2-3-8 Self-reactive Substances and
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2.8.2.3 Criteria for temperature co
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3225 There is no article with a spe
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classified according to it. If not,
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classified”. Reference: UN GHS se
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Table 2.11.1: Criteria for self-hea
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than 30% water of crystallization 1
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transport, the same chemical is to
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138: Water-reactive substances - em
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orohydrides, alkyl compounds, etc.)
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2-3-13 Oxidizing Liquids (1)Definit
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2-1-14 Oxidizing Solids (1)Definiti
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(Example of category 3)2067 AMMONIU
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this class, according to the follow
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The flow chart of 2.15.2.2 is exact
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2-3-16 Corrosive to Metals (1)Defin
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Note: In GHS, it is defined that if
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1-1) Organization National Institut
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URL http://www.ecetoc.org/publicati
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List 2: Useful information sources
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http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg/npgdrt
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3-1-3 Management of information in
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Relation between concentration(ppm)
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follows: Category 1 (100 ppmV), Cat
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(ii) the appropriate conversion val
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UNRTDG Class 6.1 is not sub-categor
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possible” unless the obvious conc
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whereas the reference value is set
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3-2-2 Skin Corrosion/Irritation (1)
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Table 3.2.2 Skin irritation categor
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possible, and to classify the subst
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and scaling persist to the end of 1
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【GHS 2 nd revised edition】 Figu
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[Note for the above figure] (a) Cla
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B) Classification criteria in GHS (
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(4)Guidance for classification and
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G) Strategy of testing and evaluati
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2c Structure activity Skin corrosiv
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done in parallel. This stage should
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criteria given below:” a) If ther
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[Decision Criteria 1]: In the cases
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substance shall be classified in Ca
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The classification is based on any
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7) Data from various kinds of tests
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Table 3-8 Test data as the basis of
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Category 1B. Mutagens classified a
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c)Exceptionally, strong positive re
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Page 176 and 177: specifically for these effects as d
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Page 212 and 213: e categorized based on chronic aqua
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Page 220 and 221: R39 Danger of very serious irrevers
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GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government

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