GHS Classification Guidance for the Japanese Government

metabolic system, a cautious investigation should be conducted for the judgment based
on these categories.
a) Aromatic hydrocarbons
b) Aromatic amines
c) N-nitroso compounds
d) Quinoline-derivatives
e) Nitrosofuran-derivatives
f) Azo compounds
g) Haloethers and other active halogenides
h) Metals(arsenic, cadmium, chromium, nickel, etc.)
(Reference: “Toxicology”, edited by the Japanese Society of Toxicology, Educational
committee, p.143-156 Asakura Shoten (2004))
2) In extrapolation from animals to humans, it is known that the following instances of
carcinogenicity may be denied as human carcinogenicity depending on the species
difference described above. The denial of carcinogenicity below requires expert's
decision.
a) Kidney Carcinogenicity in rat induced by renal tubular over accumulation of
α2u-globulin
b) Rodent liver Carcinogenicity proved to be similar with the carcinogenic mechanism
of phenobarbital
c) Rat thyroid bland Carcinogenicity derived from metabolic stimulation activity of
thyroid hormones in liver
d) Rat testis Carcinogenicity through dopaminergic hypothalamic stimulation
e) Bladder Carcinogenicity induced by physical stimulation to urinary bladder mucosa
by urine metabolites
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