July - September 2008

“Bh¿Øn-°p∂ kwkmtc Nmhp-t∂-h≥P-\n-®nSm
Gh≥ Ipe-ap-b¿Øn-Sp-a-h-\t{X P\n-®-h≥”
Kshatra Sandesam
Quarterly News Magazine of
Kshatriya Kshema Sabha
July - Sept 2008
Me 1183 Edavam - Karkidakom
Volume 8 Issue 3
£m{X-k-tμiw
hnj-b-hn-hcw
]{Xm-[n-]-°p-dn∏v .................................................. 1
hmb\°mcpsS IØpIƒ ................................. 2
aln-fm-c-Xv\-߃
amen\n chn-h¿Ω .................................................. 3
Nagarjuna - the great alchemist ......................... 5
Dr. K.P. Rajappan
HmWw (IhnX) ....................................................................... 6
]n.-sI. Ipn-b-\p-PØn Xºp-cm´n
Bcm-[\ ..................................................................... 6
t{]a-N-{μ-h¿Ω. sI
A·n-km-£n-bmbn ........................................................ 7
C.-F≥. tKmZ-h¿Ω
lnc-Wy-K¿`-Zm\w .................................................. 9
B¿. iin-[-c-h¿Ω
Hc-t\z-jWw......................................................... 10
Kmb-{Xo-h¿Ω
ImØn-cp∂ HmWw............................................... 10
kuay-hXn Xºpcm´n
H∂n-°pI \Ωƒ ................................................. 11
sN∂n-Øe cmP-cm-P-h¿Ω
thWmSv .............................................................. 12
tUm. B¿.-]n. cmPm
]mc-X{¥yw ......................................................... 14
sI.-sI. cmP
sImSp-ß-√q¿ cmP-hwiw ]q¿Δ-N-cn{Xw .............. 15
sImSp-ß-√q¿ Ipp-Æn-cmP
tIc-f-h¿Ω henb tImbn-Ø-ºp-cms‚ Imcm-Kr-l-hm-k-Øn-
\n-S-bm-°nb kml-N-cy-߃.. ................................. 16
tUm. _n. B¿.-B¿. h¿Ω
a[p-hn\v Hcp ]mtYbw ........................................ 19
sI.-F¬. taml-\-h¿Ω
GI-`m-h\ ......................................................... 20
F≥. cpKv-an-Wn-`mbn
FIvssk-knse Hm¿Ω-Iƒ ................................ 21
‰n.-B¿. cma-h¿Ω-cmP
ag-°mew (I-hn-X) .............................................. 22
efnX sI. h¿Ω
ip`-cm{Xn ........................................................... 22
h’-em-c-hn-h¿Ω
amWn-°≥.. ......................................................... 23
sI. lcn-IrjvWh¿Ω
eLp-]m-NIw ...................................................... 24
imc-Zm-h¿Ω
IpSnsh≈w hcp-Ønb hn\ .............................. 25
sslh-Xn-h¿Ω
\m´p-^-en-X-߃ ................................................ 27
F≥.-Fw.-sI. DWn-Øncn
_me-thZn .......................................................... 28
hm¿Ø-Iƒ˛hn-ti-j-߃ ................................. 29
sshhm-lnIw .................................................... 35
]{Xm-[n-]- k-anXn
Fw. chn-h¿Ω cmPm
apJy-]-{Xm-[n-]¿
]{Xm-[n-]-°p-dn∏v
tUm. Fgp-a-‰q¿ cmP-cm-P-h¿Ω
]n. chn-h¿Ω (Zn-t\-iv)
Pn cma-h¿Ω
£m{X-k-tμiw
£{Xnb t£a k`-bpsS
ss{Xamk hm¿Øm-]-{XnI
Pqsse ˛ sk]v‰w-_¿ 2008
1183 CShw ˛ I¿°n-SIw
hmeyw 8, e°w 3
BZ-cm-RvPen
hyh-kmb {]ap-J≥ B¿.-hn. Xºm≥
"The goal may be distant, but stop not till the goal is reached"
F∂ kzmanhnth-Im-\-μs‚ DXvt_m-[\w
A]q¿hw Nne¿s°-nepw {]hr-Øn-]-Y-Øn-se-
Øn-°m≥ Ign-n-´p-≠m-h-Ww. AØ-c-Ønsemcp
al-Zv-hy-‡n-bmWv C°-gn BKÃv
31\v A¥-cn® B¿.-hn. Xºm≥ F∂ hyhkmb
{]ap-J≥. ssh°Øv tNmXn-tIm-hn-e-
IØv e£van-°p´n Xºm-´n-bpsSbpw ^dq°v
]pXp-t»cn C√Øv tKmhn-μ≥ \ºq-Xn-cn-bpsSbpw
Bdp a°-fn¬ Bdm-a-\m-bn-cp∂ hn{Ia≥
F∂ hnfn-t∏-cp≈ B¿.-hn. Xºm\v Hcp
henb hyh-kmb kwcw-`-Øns‚ A[n-]-\m-
Im≥ Ign-Xv At±-l-Øns‚ ASn-bp-d® e£y-t_m-[hpw
XnI Bfl-hn-izm-khpw sIm≠m-sW-∂-Xn¬ kwi-b-an-√.
hyh-km-bhpw _nkn\- p-sam∂pw \sΩ-t∏m-ep-≈-h¿°v ]‰nb-X√
F∂ [mcW Xncp-Øn-sb-gp-Xnb hn{I-a≥ tN´≥ "sa°m-\n-
°¬ Akwªn knÃwkv (C≥Uym) ss{]h‰v enan-‰Uv' (MAS) F∂
hyh-kmbÿm]-\-Øns‚ sNb¿am-\mbn Db¿∂Xv Fßn-s\-sb∂v
Adn-bs≠? thkv‰v t]∏-dns‚ ]p\:Nw{I-a-W-Øn-eqsS ]ƒ∏v
sIm≠p≈ X´-߃ (t{S-Iƒ) ˛ ap´bpw, B∏nƒ apX-emb ]g-h¿§ßfpw
ASp-°n-h-bv°p-∂-Xn-\p-]-tbm-Kn-°p∂ sajo≥˛ \n¿Ωn-°p∂
Hcp ÿm]\w bp.-sI. Kh¨sa‚ns‚ kl-I-c-W-tØmsS Bcw-`ns®-nepw
XnI®pw C¥y≥ \n¿Ωn-X-amb sajo≥ D]-tbm-Kn®v Cu
hyh-kmbw hnIkn-∏n-°pI F∂-Xm-bn-cp∂p ]n∂oSv e£y-an-´-Xv. 1980
˛¬ CXv {]m_-ey-Øn¬ h∂p. CXn\v C¥ym Kh¨sa‚ns‚ \mj-
W¬ dnk¿®v Uh-e-∏vsa‚ v tIm¿∏-td-j\n¬ (NRDC) \n∂pw
At±lØn\v sacn‰v k¿´n-^n-°‰v e`n-®n-´p-≠v.
cmPy-c£m Bh-iy-߃°mbp-]-tbm-Kn-°p∂ "Iw_-Ãn-_nƒ
Im¿{Sn-÷p-Iƒ' (]oc-n-bnepw a‰pw D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂ shSn-t°m∏v)
\n¿Ωn-°p∂ Hcp kwcw-`-am-bn-cp∂p ASpØ e£yw. 1984-˛¬
Bcw-`n® Cu kwcw`w h¿j-߃ \o≠ Kth-jW hnI-k\Øn\ptijw
]q¿Æ-ambpw C¥y≥ \n¿Ωn-Xhpw {]h¿Ø-\-£-a-hp-amb
Iw_-Ãn-_nƒ Im¿{Sn-÷p-Iƒ \n¿Ωn®v C¥y-bpsS cmPy-c£m Bhtijw
t]Pv 27-˛¬
Sn.F≥. BZn-Xy-h¿Ω Xºm≥
B¿. Intjm¿ Ipam¿ -h¿Ω
Hm^okv \n¿h-lWw : F. DZ-b-h¿Ω, B¿. cmP-cm-P-h¿Ω, h’-em-c-hn-h¿Ω

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A\-iz-c-bmb
Im¿Øn-I-Xn-cp-
\mƒ Xºp-cm´n
Xncp-hn-Xmw-Iq¿
sIm´m-cØnse
sFiz-cy-Zo-]am-bn-cp∂p
dmWn
]m¿ΔXn`mbn Xºp-cm-´n. B Zo]-
{]-`-bn¬ \n∂pw sImfp-Øn-sb-SpØ
Im¿Øn-I-Xn-cp-\mƒ Xºp-cm-´n-bpsS
Zo]-{]-`bpw CXm sI´-Sßn F∂v
hyk-\n®v sIm≠n-cn-bv°p-tºmƒ
˛C√, B {]` AW-n-´n-√,
ChnsS k¥Xw sNmcn-p-sIm-
≠n-cn-°p-∂p˛Im¿Øn-I-Xn-cp-\mfns‚
apJ-Nn-{X-tØm-sSbpw Iq´-
Øn¬ _mey-Øn¬ Xs∂ AIm-e-
N-caw {]m]n® Ahn-SpsØ aIt‚bpw
t^mt´m IqSn {]kn-≤o-Icn®
G{]n¬˛Pq¨ e°w Iøn¬
In´n-b-t∏mƒ hfsc kt¥mjw
A\p-`-h-s∏-´p. F∂pw B Nn{Xw
\ap°v kq£n-®p-sh-bv°m-at√m
F∂p tXm∂n.
""Hcp cmP-sh-ºm-e-bpsS IY''
IYm-\m-b-Is‚ P¥pkvt\lw ]d-
p- X-cp-∂p. Cu IY-bnse \mb-
Is‚ icn-bv°p≈ t]cpIqSn Fgp-
Xm-am-bn-cp-∂p. ""Hcp izm\s‚ Poh-
XymKw'' F∂ sIm®p-IYbn¬
]d--Xp-t]mse an≠m-{]m-Wn-
Iƒ°p t]mepw Poh≥ XyPn®pw
Xs‚ bP-am-\s‚ Poh≥ c£n-°m-
\p≈ [m¿Ωn-I-Nn¥ \ne-\n¬°p-
∂p-≠t√m Ft∂m¿Ø-t∏mƒ AXni-bhpw
kt¥m-jhpw Hcp-t]mse
A\p-`-h-s∏-´p.
Ip´n A\n-b≥ cmP
sN¿∏p-f-t»cn
]q¿Δn-I-cpsS hn⁄m-\
-k-ºØv
tUm.-sI.-]n.-cm-P-∏s‚ imkv{X-
hmb-\-°m-cpsS IØp-Iƒ
te-J-\-]-c-ºc hf-sc-b-[nIw BD 48 AwKpew
hn⁄m-\-{]-Z-am-Ip-∂p-≠v. Ch
hmbn-®-t∏mƒ, Dd-ßn-°n-S-∂n-cp∂
Nne Hm¿Ω-Iƒ Fs‚ at\m-ap-Ip-c-
Øn¬ hnS-cm-\n-S-bm-bn. Ah-bmWv
Xmsg tN¿°p-∂-h.
AD=x+24 AwKpew (AB+BC)
At∏mƒ (x+24)
H∂m-a-tØ-Xv, Rm≥ tI´p
ad∂ "eoem-Xn-eI'Ønse Hcp
t«mI-am-Wv.
\{I-s{Iu©mI-en-X-k-ente
Izmhn-Zr-jvSw-X-SmtI
tXmbm-±q¿≤zw Ina-]n-I-aew
tZzhn-X-kvXn-{]-amWw
aμw aμw Nen-X-a-\-te˛
\mlXw lkvX-bptKva
Xkvan≥ a·w IY-b-K-WI
£n{]aw`x {]amWw
_oP-K-Wn-Xhpw Pyman-Xnbpw
D]-tbm-Kn®v \n¿≤m-cWw sNtø≠
Hcp {]iv\-am-Wn-Xv. Hcp KWn-Xim-kv{X-⁄-t\m-SmWv
tNmZyw.
\{I-ß-fmepw sIu©]-£n-Ifmepw
\nb-{¥n-°-s∏-Sp∂; AXmbXv
Ah-bpsS hnlm-c-tI-{μ-am-bncp-∂,
Hcp XSm-I-Øn¬ Ptem-]-cn-
X-e-Øn¬ \n∂pw c≠p hnXkvXn
(hn-XkvXn = 12 AwKp-ew) Db¿∂v
Hcp Xma-c∏q ImWp-∂p. ]Xps°
hoip∂ Im‰n¬ Cu Xma-c-∏qhv
c≠p lkvXw (lkvXw = 24
AwKpew) Nen®v Pe-Øn¬
apßp∂p. Fn¬ Pem-i-b-Øns‚
Bg-sa{X? Hcp Nn{Xw sIm≠v CXv
2 = x2 +482 F∂
Hcp ka-hmIyw In´pw. CXp \n¿≤mcWw
sNbvXm¬ Pem-i-b-Øns‚
Bgw 72 AwKpew F∂p In´pw.
ss]Ø-tKm-dkv kn≤m¥w
I≠p ]nSp-°p-∂-Xns\{Xtbm apºv
`mc-Xo-b¿°v Cu XXzw Adn-bmambn-cp-∂p,
F∂v CXn¬ \n∂pw
hy‡-am-Ip-∂p.
sImSp-ß-√q¿ ]pØ≥ tImhn-e-
IsØ s{]m^.- a-cp-a-I≥cmP tPmenbn¬
\n∂pw hnc-an® tijw, X¿°imkv{Xw
]Tn-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. 1969-˛70
ImeØp kvIqƒ kne-_- n¬
"B[p-\nI KWnXw' F∂ t]cn¬
tN¿Øn-cp∂ Set Theory bpw Matrix
Dw BWv X¿°-im-kv{X-Øn¬ {]Xn-
]m-Zn-®n-cn-°p-∂-sX-∂-t±-l-Øn\p a\n-em-bn.
XpS¿∂v "X¿°-im-kv{Xhpw
B[p-\n-I-K-Wn-Xhpw' F∂ Hcp
]pkvXIw At±lw {]kn-≤o-I-cn-°p-
I-bp-≠m-bn.
\ΩpsS ]q¿Δn-I-cpsS hn⁄m-
\-k-º-Øns\ Ipdn-®-dnb-W-sa-n¬,
Bg-Øn¬ kwkvIrXw ]Tn-°-Wsa∂v
Ch hy‡-am-°p-∂p.
C
sI. Ipp-Æn-cmP
hwim-hen
hmeyw 8 e°w 2˛¬ thcp-Iƒ
tXSn F∂ teJ-\-Øn¬ {io a[ph¿Ω
tN¿Øe sXt°-SØv
tImhn-e-IsØ IpSpw-_-N-cn{Xw
D
B
Fgp-Xnb {io.-Sn.-F≥.-_m-em-Zn-Xyh¿Ω-tbmSv
£{Xn-b¿ IS-s∏-Sp-
Ibpw sNøp∂p F∂v Fgp-Xnhy‡-am-°mw.
A
bn-cn-°p-∂p. £{Xnb kap-Zm-b-
Ønse hcpwXe-ap-dbv°p th≠n
AB. (Bgw) -= x (k-ev]w) hfsc h¿j-߃°p apºv IpSpw_-
BC = 24 AwKpew XpS¿® 11-˛mw t]Pn¬
£m{X-k-tμiw 2008 Pqsse ˛ sk]v‰w-]-_¿ 2

am∏nf el-f-°m-eØv ae-
_m-dn¬ \n∂pw Xncp-hn-Xmw-Iq-dnte°p
h∂ Ben-b-t°mSp cmP-hwi-Ønse
(]-c∏q¿ kzcq-]w) A©pkv{Xo-I-fn¬
aqØ-bm-fns‚ ]c-º-cbmWv
C∂v {Kma-Øn¬sIm´m-c-Ønep-≈Xv.
Fs‚ hen-b-Ωq-Ω-tbbpw
AΩq-Ω-bpsS ktlm-Z-c-\m-bn-cp∂
henbΩmh-t\bpw ({]m-bn-°c
sIm´m-c-Øn¬ taP¿ cmP-cm-P-h¿ΩbpsS
AΩ-bpsS A—≥) apXte
F\n°v ImWm≥ km[n-®n-´p-≈q.
Ch¿ A\ym-]-tZiame-bpsS cN-bn-
Xm-hmb D{Xn-´mXn\mƒ cma-h¿Ω
tImbn-Ø-ºp-cms‚ Cfb ktlm-
Z-c-ß-fm-Wv. henbΩqΩ-bpsS aqØa-I-fm-bn-cp∂p
Fs‚ AΩq-Ω. A∏q-
∏≥ tIm´bw Cf-ß-√q¿ C√Øv
{_“{io ]pcp-tjm-Ø-a≥ \ºq-
Xncn. Xncp-hn-Xmw-Iq¿ cmP-hwiw
hI amth-en-°-c-bn-ep-≠m-bn-cp∂
tlma-∏p-c-bp-sS-bpw ]≈n-tØ-hm-c-
Øn-s‚bpw a‰pw Npa-X-e-Iƒ A∏q-
∏≥ \S-Øn-bn-cp∂p F∂m-W-dn-hv.
Fs‚ AΩq-Ωbv°v aq∂p a°ƒ.
Pn.-B¿.-cm-P-cm-P-h¿Ω tImbn-Ø-
ºp-cm≥, cpKvanWn Xºp-cm-´n, ]ns∂
Fs‚ AΩ ]flm-hXn Xºp-cm-´n.
Ct∏mƒ cpKvanWn h√yΩ am{Xta
Pohn-®n-cn-∏p-≈q. sXmÆq-‰n-sbm∂v
hb- m-bn. h√y-Ω-bpsS kzPmXn
hnhmlhpw AXp kw_-‘n®v
AΩq-Ωbpw Fs‚ AΩm-h\pw
(Pn.-B¿.-cm-P-cm-P-h¿Ω) t\cn´
{]Xn-k-‘n-Ifpw FXn¿∏p-Ifpw
AΩ ]dp tI´m-W-dn-hv. \ΩpsS
IpSpw-_-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw kar-≤n-bpsSbpw
{]Xm-]-Øn-s‚bpw Hmf-߃
{ItaW HgpIn HgpIn \ne®p
t]msb-nepw Ah-bn¬ Xnf°w
aßmsX InS∂ Ht´sd aWn-ap-Øp-
Iƒ CS-bv°nsS R߃°mbn
hmcn-hn-X-dm≥ Fs‚ AΩbv°v
henb D’m-l-am-bn-cp-∂p.
3
2008 Pqsse ˛ sk]v‰w-_¿
k∂n-[m\w
{Kma-Øn¬ sIm´m-c-Øn¬
sIm®p-Ipn CfbX-ºp-cm´n
amen\n chn-h¿Ω
Aßns\ Ah-bn¬ Nne-sX√mw
Rm\pw Hfn-a-ßmsX kq£n-®p.
AΩ-bp-tSbpw a‰pw Ip´n-°meØv
Nufw, sI´p-I√ymWw XpSßnb
]c-º-cm-KX NS-ßp-Iƒ
s]¨Ip-´n-Iƒ°v Iuam-c-{]m-b-
Øn¬ Xs∂ \S-Øm-dp-≠v. sI´p-
I-√ymWw Ign-v s]¨Ip-´n-bpsS
buΔ-\m-cw-`-Øn¬ {]mb-Øn\p
tN¿∂-hcpw tbmKy-∑m-cp-amb \ºq-
Xn-cn-am-sc-s°m≠v shdpw Hcp NSßmbn
hnhmlw sNøn-bv°pw.
Fs‚ AΩqΩ {Kma-Øn¬
sIm´m-c-Øn¬ aqew\mƒ sIm®p-
Ipn Cf-b-X-ºp-cm-´n˛F\nbv°v
Hm¿Ω h® \mƒ apX¬ Cu t]cnemWv
AΩqΩ Adn-b-s∏-´n-cp-∂-Xv.
IpSpw-_-Øn¬ s]¨Ip-´n-Iƒ C√m-
Xm-b-t∏mƒ hf-sc-b-[nIw ]qP-
I-fpw, hgn-]m-Sp-Ifpw, Zm\-[¿Ωßfpw
Ign-®mWv AΩqΩ P\n-®-
Xv. A°m-c-W-Øm¬ sIm´m-c-
Ønse kI-e-cp-tSbpw hm’-ey-`m-
P-\-am-bn-´mWv hf¿∂-Xpw. Hmtcm
CjvS-ßfpw AΩm-h-∑mcpw AΩ-
amcpw km[n-®p-sIm-Sp-°p-am-bn-cp-∂p.
Ip´n-°mew apX¬ Xs∂ \√
hmIvkm-a¿∞y hpw Imcy-ti-jnbpw
AΩq-Ωbv°v D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Iq´-
Øn¬ \√- I-em hm-k-\bpw. sNdp-
{]mbw apXte hb-en≥hmb\
]Tn®p XpS-ßn. Bbn-Sbv°v Hcnbv°¬
amth-en-°c sIm´m-c-Ønse
kwKoX{]nb-\mb Hcp hen-b-Ωmh≥
{Kma-Øn¬ h∂-t∏mƒ (A∂v
Imwt_mPn AS-Xm-f-h¿Æw
AΩqΩ ]Tn®p XpS-ßnbnt´-bp-
≈p.) ""a‰-∂mƒ cmhnse Rm\nhnsS
hcpw. At∏mƒ Fs∂ Cu
h¿Æw apgp-h≥ sX‰p IqSmsX hben-\n¬
hmbn®p tIƒ∏n-®m¬
\s√mcp kΩm\w Xcpw'' F∂v ]d-
-Xp-t]mse AΩm-h≥ FØn-bt∏mƒ
`wKn-bmbn AS-Xm-f-h¿Æw
hb-en-\n¬ hmbn®p tIƒ∏n-®p.
AXy-¤pXw tXm∂nb AΩm-h≥
Hcp ]pXp]p-Ø≥ hb-en≥ AΩq-
Ωbv°v kΩm\w \¬In. AΩq-
Ωsb hb-en≥ ]Tn-∏n-®Xv AΩq-ΩbpsS
AΩm-h-\mb D{Xn-´mXn\mƒ
cma-h¿Ω tImbn-Ø-ºp-cms‚ (""A-
\ym-]-tZ-i-am-e-''bpsS I¿Ømhv)
`mcy Bbn-cp-∂p. B AΩmbn
amth-en-°c I≠n-bq¿ {]kn-≤-amb
HmWw-]-≈n¬ F∂ \mb¿ Xd-hm-
´nse AwK-am-bn-cp-∂p. ]n∂oSv
AjvSmw-K-lr-Zbw Bbp¿th-Z-{K-
Ÿ-Øn¬ \n∂pw sshZyw ]Tn®v
_me-Nn-In-’-bn¬ {]K¬`-bm-bn.
Xs‚ Ip´n-I-tfbpw H∂n\pw
]nd-tIm´p \n¬°msX A°meØp≈
hnZy-I-fn¬ {]mhoWyw
sImSp-°Ww F∂v AΩqΩ B{Kln-®n-cp-∂p.
AΩm-h≥, Ct∏mƒ
Pohn-®n-cp-s∂-n¬ sXmÆq-‰n-A©p
hb- v. Bephm bq.kn tImtf-Pn-
£m{X-k-tμiw

emWv ]Tn-®-Xv. Fs‚ AΩ-tbbpw,
h√y-Ω-tb-bpw, IW-°v, Cw•o-jv,
imkv{Xo-b-kw-Ko-Xw, lm¿tam-
Wnbw hmb-\, Xncp-hm-Xn-c-Ifn
F∂n-h-sb√mw AXmXv A≤ym-]-
Itc hcpØn sIm´m-c-Øn¬ Xs∂
Xma-kn-∏n®p ]Tn-∏n-®p.
C\n Fgp-]-Øn-\m-ep-sIm√w
ap≥]v \S∂ Hcp kw`-h-am-Wn-Xv.
Fs‚ h√y-Ωbv°v (]qbw \mƒ
cpKvanWn Xºp-cm-´n) hnhml{]mbsa-Øn.
]Xn-t\-gp-h-b p Ign-p.
Imc-W-h-∑m¿ {]i-kvX-ß-fmb C√ß-fn¬
\n∂pw tbmKy-∑m-cmb
\ºq-Xn-cn-am-cpsS hnhm-lm-tem-N-\-
Iƒ sIm≠p-h∂p. ]t£ AΩqΩ
F√m-Øn\pw au\w ]men-bv°-bm-
Wp-≠m-bXv. ImcWw At\z-jn-®t∏mƒ
""cpKvan-Wnbv°v kzPmXn
hnhmlw Xs∂ \S-Øn-bmtem
F∂v F\n-bvs°m-cm-{Klw AΩmhm!
Imew amdn-bns√? £{Xnbt\
s°m≠v Xs∂ \S-Ømw. {Kma-
Øn¬ sIm´m-c-Ønse as‰m-c-Ωmhs‚
aI-\mb FÆ-bv°m´p sIm´mc-Øn¬
Xrt°-´-\mƒ DZ-b-h¿Ω
cmPm-sb-s°m≠v (A-∂sØ
Xrt°´ A∏) IeymWw Ign-∏n-
°mw.'' Xncp-hm-bvs°-Xn¿hm-bn-√
F∂t]mse AΩm-h-∑m-cpsS
hm°p-Ifpw Iev]-\-Ifpw AtX
]Sn A\p-k-cn-®n-cp∂ Ime-am-bn-cp-
∂t√m As∂m-s°. Fnepw
A∂tØ Cfb Xºp-cm´n AΩmh-∑m-cpsS
ap≥]n¬ Xs‚ B{Klw
Ah-X-cn-∏n-®p. FÆ-bv°m´p sIm´mc-Øn-ep-≈-h-cp-tSbpw
{]tXy-In®v
Xrt°´ h√y-—-t‚bpw A`n-{]mbw
t\ctØ AΩqΩ a\- n-em-°n-bncp-∂p.
CXp-tI-´v, CXp-hsc Cu
IpSpw-_-Øns‚ Ncn-{X-Øn¬ \S-
Øn-bn-´n-√mØ Cßs\ Hcp hnhml-_-‘-sØ-∏‰n
tIƒ°mt\m
Nn¥n-bv°mt\m BhmsX AΩmh≥
tIm]n-®p-hn-d-®p. FÆ-bv°m-´v
sIm´m-chpw {Kmaw sIm´m-c-hpw
ASp-Ø-Sp-Øm-Wv. c≠p sIm´m-cßfpw
kº-Ønepw {]uVn-bnepw
Rmt\m \otbm tIaw F∂ \ne-
bn¬ {]tim-`n-®n-cp∂ Imew. A°meØv
GtXm s\¬]m-S-ß-fpsS
t]cn¬ IpSpw-_-߃ XΩn¬
henb X¿°-hpw tIkpw \S-∂ncp∂p.
\m´p-Im¿ XΩn¬t]mepw
i{Xp-X-bn-em-bn F∂p ]d-bp-∂p.
Cu Hcp hnhm-l-_‘w aqew Chbvs°√mw
Hc-dp-Xn-h-cp-sa∂v
Hcp]t£ AΩq-Ωbpw hnNm-cn®p
ImWpw. kl-I-cn®p apt∂m´p
\oßm≥ aqØ-a-I-\pw (Hcp h¿jw
ap≥]v Znhw-K-X-\mb tcmln-Wn-\mƒ
cmP-cm-P-h¿Ω tImbn-Ø-ºp-cm≥)
Xøm-dm-bn. AΩq-Ω-bpsS A\p-
P\pw (B-d-∑pf ]pen-{]-tIm-bnbv°¬
IeymWw Ign® k_vcPnkv{Sm-dmbn
dn´-b¿ sNbvX cmah¿ΩtImbn-Ø-ºp-cm≥)-CXn\v
F-
Xn-c-√m-bn-cp-∂p. AΩqΩ-bpsS Dd®
Xocp-am-\-a-dn--t∏mƒ Imc-W-h¿
tNmZn-®p ""Cf-ß-√q¿ \ºq-Xn-cnbpw
CXn\p kΩ-Xnt®m? sNdp-ap°v
\ºq-Xncn (sIm-®-Ωq-Ω-bpsS
`¿Øm-hv) F¥p ]d-bp∂p?''
Ah¿s°√mw kΩ-X-amWv F∂
adp-]Sn tI´v AΩm-h≥ aq°-Øphn-c¬h-®p.
Aa¿jw ]q≠ AΩmh≥
D®-Øn¬ ]d-p˛ ""t\m°v!
Cu sIm´m-c-Øn¬ \obpw \ns‚
a°fpw Hgn®v as‰mcp Ippt]mepw
tPmen-°m-cpƒs∏sS
CXn\p IqSp-I-bn-√. I√ym-W-s®-ehn-\mbn
Hcp ]Ww t]mepw ChnsS
\n∂pw In´n-√.'' ""FXn¿∏p-≈-h¿
kl-I-cn-bvt°-≠, I√ym-W-s®-e-hn-
\mbn ChnsS \n∂pw H∂pw Xcn-
Ibpw th≠. ]t£ Fs‚ Xocpam\w
sX‰√ F∂v a\- n-em°n
AΩm-h-∑m¿ £an-bv°Ww''
AΩqΩ At]-£n-®p.
sIm´m-c-Øns‚ DƒØ-f-ßfn¬
HXp-ßnb PohnXssienbpw,
Bi-bhn\n-abw \njv{]-bmkw \S-
Øm-\p≈ kuI-cy-°p-dhpw
ImcWw _mly-tem-I-hp-am-bp≈
_‘-ßfpw ]cn-N-bhpw ]cn-an-X-ßfm-bn-cp-∂t√m
As∂m-s°. Cu
Np‰p-]m-Sn¬ Fgp-]-Øn-\mep h¿jw
ap≥]v \m¬∏Xp hb- n-\Iw {]mb-
ap≈ Hcp AΩ, Ccp-]ØnH∂p hbp≈
aI\v Dƒ°-cp-tØIn
kz¥w aI-fpsS I√ymWw IpSpw-
_mw-K-ß-fpsS FXn¿∏p-k-ln®pw
`hn-jy-Øn-t\-∏‰n Iqk-en-√msXbpw
kap-Zm-b-Øns‚ Xpd∂
kΩXw C√m-sXbpw Xd-hm-Sns‚
\mep-sI-´n¬ h®v B¿`m-S-ambn \S-
Øm≥ Xocp-am-\n-®-Xns‚ ]n∂nep≈
a\x-i-‡nsb \anbv°msX
hø. Cu XpS°w IpSpw-_-Øns‚
A¿∞-an-√mØ Iogvhg-°-Øn\pw
bmYm-ÿn-XnI a\x-ÿn-Xn-bv°pw
Hcp am‰w hcp-Øp-hm≥ Xs∂ hgnsX-fn-®p.
Cu IeymWw th≠m
F∂p ]d-bp-hm≥ Imc-W-h-∑m¿
hfsc {]tem-`-\-߃ \S-Øp-Ibpw
cpKv-an-Wnsb Hfn-hn¬ Xma-kn-
∏n°pw F∂v `oj-Wn-s∏-Sp-Øp-
Ibpw Hs° sNbvsX-nepw AXnsem-∂pw
IqkmsX AΩqΩ kIe
Imcy-ß-fnepw AXoh Pm{KX
]pe¿Øn. AΩm-h-∑m-tcm-Sp≈
kvt\lm-Z-c-߃°v H´pw Ipd-hp-hcp-ØmsX
Xs∂ I√ymWmh-iy-
Øn\p≈ ""D∏p sXm´p I¿∏qcw''
hsc tkh-I-cpw, Npa-´p-Imcpw FÆbv°m´p
sIm´m-c-Øn¬ \n∂pw
FØn-®p. a‰p ]e sIm´m-c-ß-fnsebpwsIm®p-X-ºp-cm-°-∑m-cpsSbpw
_‘p-°-fp-sSbpw km∂n-
≤y-Øn¬ I√ymWw sIt-a-am-bn-
Øs∂ \S-∂p. XS- -߃ D≠mhm-
Xn-cn-°m≥ th≠ ap≥I-cp-X-ep-Iƒ
≠m-bn-cp-∂p. aplq¿Øw Ign
DS≥ Xrt°´ hey-—s‚ NnØnc
A∏q-∏≥ kZ- n¬ Fgp-t∂‰p \n\v
Dd-s°-∏-d-p. ""FÆ-bv°ms´
Xrt°´ A∏ {ioIr- -jvW≥ Xs∂
Bbn. cpKv-an-Wnsb X´n-bv°pI
Xs∂ sNbvXp.'' XpS¿∂v Iø-Snbpw.
]n\∂oSv hey-Ω-bpsS ]pfn-
IpSn (ko-a-¥w) ASn-b\-¥n-c-
Øn\pw FXn¿∏p-Iƒ D≠mbn
Fnepw th≠ coXn-bn¬ Xs∂
\S-Øn. Bbn-c-Øn-H-cp-\q‰n ]Xns\m-∂m-am-≠mWv
h√yΩ aqØ
XpS¿® 8-˛mw t]Pn¬
£m{X-k-tμiw 2008 Pqsse ˛ sk]v‰w-]-_¿ 4

5
(imkv{X-te-J\ ]c-º-c˛ X )
Even before Indus Valley
Civilization, i.e. more than 3000 years
B.C., a fair knowledge of Chemistry
and Metallurgy existed in India. This
is evident from various objects
found during excavation such as
coloured pottery beads, bricks,
cement, copper & bronze household
utensils, silver and gold
jewellery etc. Later on, Ayurveda
system of medicine was developed
and this led to the preparation of
Herbal drugs. By 8 th century A.D,
metallic compounds entered into the
preparation of drugs especially
mercury. A significant contribution
was made by Nagarjuna in this field.
Nothing much is known about
the life and background of
Nagarjuna. Alberuni (1031 A.D.) in
his work Indica mentions about a
person named Nagarjuna a native of
village near Samnath in modern
Gujarat. A century before him
Alberuni describes him as an expert
in Rasayana or Alchemy and the
author of RASARATNAKARA, a
famous and valuable treatise on
Alchemy. Various sources indicate
that Nagarjuna lived some time
between 8 th and 10 th century A.D.
Rasaratnakara deals with the
preparation and use of metallic
compounds more particularly of
mercury (Rasa). It describes certain
recipes in which vegetable or animal
2008 Pqsse ˛ sk]v‰w-_¿
Dr. K.P. Rajappan
products are used to transform other
metals into compounds which look
like gold. He is also known to have
revised and added a few new items
to Susruta Samhita and had given it
a form in which we have it now. A
few other works Kakshaputa Tantra,
Arogya manjari Yogasara and Yoga
satak are also said to have been
composed by him. Nevertheless
Rasaratnakara is considered to be
the most famous of his works. He
has also written a detailed text on
Metallurgy.
Among those who helped to
build up the scientific culture in
modern India, Acharya Praffulla
Ghose occupies a unique place. In
1902 he has published a book on the
history of Hindu Chemistry, which
has appeared in ancient Sanskrit
scientific literature. In this work he
has mentioned about Nagarjuna and
his Rasaratnakara. Further, Ghose
adds that Nagarjuna was a Buddhist
monk and qualifies that he was a
great chemist in ancient India.
Nagarjuna was an expert in many
fields. He was well versed in
Astrology, Life sciences, Metallurgy,
Ayurveda etc. Besides he was a
medical practitioner, a chemist and a
medical alchemist. The Chinese have
recorded Nagarjuna’s expertise in
eye diseases. “The 13 th century
k∂n-[m\w
scholar Dhallanan who has written
a commentay for Susruta Samhita
has stated that Uttara Tantram has
been added to the Samhita by
Nagarjuna. Unfortunately his life and
contributions to the field of
Chemistry and Metallurgy are
spread over both in time and space
making it difficult to prepare a
complete biography.
Nagarjuna is considered as the
father of Indian Chemistry. In his
book Rasaratnakara he has given a
method to solidify mercury. He was
also the first person to prove its
medical applications. He has devised
methods to purify mercury and
convert it into ashes for use as a
medicine.
There is a small place called
Nagarjunagonda in Guntur
District(Andhra). It is believed that
the King at that time had
constructed a five-storied building
for the sanyasins and Nagarjuna
spent his last few years there.
Many of the chemical prepara
tions mentioned in Rasaratanakara
are still part of Ayurvedic PHAR
MOPOCIA. Unfortunately no
further work was done in later
centuries so that the much needed
improvements and advances were
not incorporated.
£m{X-k-tμiw

HmWw
Bcm-[\
6

IhnX
HmWw (KmY)
h¿j-߃tXmdp-an-sß-Øp-tam-Wm-tLmjw
FØn-\m-\-t√m-bo-h¿j-Ønepw
HmW-sØ-∏‰n ]d-bp-t∂m-cm-tLmjw
am_en a∂-s\-am-\n-∏Xmw
F∂m-e-ßn-∂p-Rm-t\m-W-Øn¬ a∂s\
F∂-sØ-t∏m-se-b-√n-∂p-sNm¬hq
HmW-sa-∂-£cw X∂n¬ ÿnXn-sNbvhq
Hmw F∂ a{¥hpw aWn-\m-Zhpw
If-sa-∂m¬ Imew Ipdn-°p-∂-Xp-hn[w
k¬°p-e-ip-≤nsb ]q°-fmepw
AØw ]Øm-b-Xn≥X-Xzw-I-Yn-®oSmw
HºXp \mfp-Iƒ \h-c-k-߃
\h-c-k-ß-sf-Øm≥ NnØw Pbn-°p-tºmƒ
]Ømw \mƒ NnØhpw ip≤-amIpw
]q¿Æ-a-\- ns‚ ]q¿Æ-{In-b-bs{X
\Ωƒ sIm≠m-Sp-t∂m-tcm-Wm-tLmjw
am_-en-a-∂-s‚-Rm-s\-∂-l-mcw
hma-\-aq¿Øn-l-cn-®-t∏msg
Rms\-∂-l-mcw am-t∏mƒ a∂\pw
kq£va-amw-X-Øz-sØ-°-≠-dnp
Bflm-h-sßm-∂-√m-sXm-∂p-an-s√-∂Xmw
XØz-a-dn-ßp k¥p-jvS-\mbv
F∂-Xp-sIm-≠mhmw a∂-\p-a-s∂-t∏m˛
en∂pw ]gbt]m¬h∂o-Sp∂p
A∂p-an-∂p-ap-t≈m-tcm-Wm-tLm-j-ßsf
Fßn-s\-Rm-\n∂ph¿Æn-°p∂p
ImWw-hn-s‰-nepw HmWwIgn-t°-W˛
sa∂p-≈-Xn≥ Xs∂ I≠-dnp
a∂-s\-t∏mseØm\-∂p-{]-P-Ifpw
k¥p-jvS-Nn-Ø-cm-sW-∂-tßm¿∏n≥
]ns∂-Rm-\n-∂-sØ-tbm-W-sØ-∏-‰n-b˛
sߥp-h¿Æn-t°≠p sNm√o-Sp-hn≥˛
]n.-sI.-Ip-n-b-\p-PØn Xºp-cm´n
(N-{μ-]p-cn)
IhnX
Bcm-[\
F\n-s°m-cm-tfmSv ISpØ Bcm-[\
ISpØ ZpxJ-߃ kln-®nSpw im¥≥
I\Ø t{Zml-ß-tf¬s° Nncn-®nSpw au\n
XnI k¥p-jvS≥ \nd kwXr-]vX≥.
F\n-s°m-cm-{K-l-a-dn-n-Sm-\n-Xn≥
]c-a-Kq-Vamw alm-c-l-ky-߃
Hcn-°-e-h-kcw e`n-s°-b-cn-In¬ sN˛
∂Xn-hn-\-b-tam-Sm-cmp a¬i--Iƒ
Icp-Wm-an-gn-sbm-Sp-∂p-gnp sNdp-Nncn
sNmcn-p, sas√ samgnp s]mcp-fp-Iƒ
]nd∂p hogp-∂Xp \nd taml-ß-fm¬
]nWp km£m¬°mcw Xncp \msa√mw
Hcph\min-∏-Xn-e-]-c¿°p-am-{Klw
\ndbpw am’-cy-Øm¬ Zpjn-°p∂p a\w
Hcp-h-\Xp t\Sn¬ A]-c\p ]I
Aht\m Xs‚ t\´w \ne-\n-dp-Øp-hm≥ ]Wn
]Xnsb Imew t]msI-a-Sp-°p-∂p X≥ t\´-߃
Hcn-°-em-in-®Xp ]Xnsb hn\-bmbv amdpw
Ipd-bv°p-Im-{K-l-ß-sfm-Sp-°pI Ign-bp-In¬
apf-bv°p-am-{K-l-߃ sISp-ØnSpw im¥n.
Adn-I-bnt√ \n\-°n-h-sbm-∂p-aev]w t]mepw
]pXn-b-X-√-bn-h-b-Xn-]p-cm-X-\amw hnZy
{]Xo-£n-°p-I-\y-\n¬ \n∂p-]-{Zhw am{Xw
{]h¿Øn° \nc-¥cw ]tcm¬°¿j-Øn-
\msb-∂m¬
{]Xo£ kw`-hn-s°-tXm-∂p-a-Xo-h-k-¥pjvSn
{]Xo-£n-°m-Xp-]-Imcw e`n-®m-ep-a-Xn-k-t¥mjw
\nXm¥ kt¥m-j-Øn\p \nZm-\-an-Xp-am{Xw
\n\°p Ign-bp-tam-bnXp \njvT-bm-°m≥ \nXyw
adn®p sNm√m-s\m-∂p-an-√msX Rm≥ au\n-bmbn
aS-ßn-t∏m-sI-b-º-c∂p aa auVy-tam¿s°
t{]a-N-{μ-h¿Ω. sI.
ssh°w
£m{X-k-tμiw 2008 Pqsse ˛ sk]v‰w-]-_¿ 6

tIc-f-Ønse £{Xn-b¿°v
\ne-hn¬ kz¥-amb Hcp hnhm-lk-{º-Zmbw
Cs√∂ hnj-b-sØ-°pdn®v
Zo¿L-amb kwhmZw \S∂p
Ign-p. A°mcyw Hs´-√m-hcpw
kΩ-Xn®pw Ign-p. {]tXyIw
Hcp k{º-Zmbw thtWm F∂
Imcy-Øn¬ am{X-amWv Nne¿°v
kwi-bw. as‰√m kap-Zm-b߃°pw
BIm-sa-n¬ \ap°pw
F¥p-sIm≠v kz¥-am-sbmcp
hnhml k{º-Zmbw Bhn-jvI-cn®p
IqSm. hy‡n-Xz-ap≈ Hcp kaq-lsa∂
\ne-bn¬ AXv \ΩpsS
kzXzw H∂p-IqSn {]Im-i-am-\-am-°p-
I-bt√ D≈q.
Cu kwhmZw Ah-km-\n-∏n-
®v, {Inbm-fl-Ihpw {]mtbm-Kn-I-hpamb
\n¿t±-i-߃ Ah-X-cn-∏n-°phm≥
Ign e°-Øn¬ ]{Xm-[n-
]¿ Bh-iy-s∏-´n-cp-∂p. DNn-X-amb
Hcp D]-tZ-i-am-bn-cp∂p AXv. ""£{Xnb¿
Ftßm´v'' F∂ ]n.-sI.-P-b-N-
{μ-h¿Ω-bpsS teJ-\-Øn-eqsS
]{Xm-[n] \n¿t±-i-Øn\v XpS°w
Ipdn®p F∂p ]d-bmw.
£{Xn-b-cpsS hnhm-l߃°v
Hcp GIo-IrX kz`mhw
thW-sa∂pw, Nne BNm-c-k-{º-Zmb-߃
Bh-iy-am-sW-∂pw, hnhml
\S-Øn-∏n\v £{Xn-b-cn¬ \n∂pw
hy‡n-Isf ]cn-io-en-∏n-°-Wsa∂pw
Pb-N-{μ-h¿Ω \n¿t±-in-°p-
∂p. am{X-a√. A·n-km-£n-bmbp≈
hnhm-l-amWv th≠Xv
F∂pw tlma-Ip-fi-sam-cp°n
AXns‚ ap∂n¬ h®v hnhmlw
Ign-°p-∂Xv {][m\ NSßv B°-
W-sa∂pw At±lw A`n-{]m-b-s∏-
Sp-∂p.
tlma-Ip-WvU-Øn¬ \n∂p
7
A·n-km-£n-bm-bn....
A·n-km-£n-bm-bn....
2008 Pqsse ˛ sk]v‰w-_¿
C.-F≥.-tKm-Z-h¿Ω
Xs∂ XpS-ßmw. \ap°v ""thfn''
D≠m-bn-cp∂ Ime-L-´-Øn¬ hn-hml-Øn\v
tlmahpw a‰p-{In-b-Ifpw
D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. aecv tlman-°p∂Xv
Hcp {][m\ NSßpw Bbn-cp-∂p.
thfn k{º-Zmbw kml-N-cy-ßfpsS
am‰w sIm≠v Dt]-£n-°-s∏-
´-t∏mƒ tlmahpw t]mbn A·n-km-
£n-bm-bp≈ hnhm-lhpw t]mbn.
A·n-km-£n-bmbn £{Xnb
hnhmlw ]p\-cm-hn-jvI-cn-°p-∂-Xns\-∏‰n
A¬]-sam∂p Nn¥n-bv°mw.
BZy-ambn hnhm-l-a-WvU-]-Øns‚
CS-Xp-`m-KØmbn KW-]Xnbv°v
hbv°pI.(1) c≠v Xncn-bn´ Hcp \nehn-f°pw
AXn\v apºn¬ \m°n-ebn¬
]gw, i¿°c XpS-ßnb \nth-
Zy-hpw. (2) KW-]-Xn°v apºn¬
tlma-IpWvUw Hcp-°p-I. tlma-
Øn\v Bh-iy-amb ]nem-hn≥ hnd-
Iv, NIn-cn, s\øv, aecv F∂n-hbpw
ASp-∏n-°p-I. (3) I√ymWaWvU]w
Ct∏mƒ sNøp-∂Xp t]mse \nehn-f-°p-I-fpw,
\nd-]-dbpw hc-W-amey-ßfpw
a‰pw sIm≠v k÷-am-°nh-bv°p-I.
hnhmlaplq¿Øw ASp-°ptºmƒ
h[p-hns‚ AΩ ]d\ndbv°p-Ibpw
hnf°v sXfn-°p-Ibpw
sNøp-I. XpS¿∂v hcs\ kzoI-cn®p
sIm≠p-h∂v aWvU-]-Øn¬ Ccp-
ØpI. ]n∂oSv h[p-hns\ B\-bn-
®p-sIm-≠p-h∂v hcs‚ he-Xph-iØv
Ccp-Øp-I.
C\n tlma-IpWvUw Pzen-∏n-
°mw. A·n-Pz-en®p Ign-m¬
hcs\ tlmaIpWvU-Øns‚ ap∂nte°v
B\-bn-°p-I. ""Rm≥
e£vansb A·n-tZ-hs\ km£nbmbn
Fs‚ ]Xv\n-bmbn kzoI-cn-
°-bm-Wv. Fs‚ `c-tZ-h-X-Isf
k∂n-[m\w
km£n-bmbn Rm≥ e£vansb
`mcy-bmbn kzoI-cn-°-bm-Wv. _‘p-
P\-ß-tfbpw k÷-\-ß-tfbpw
km£n-bm-°n Rm≥ e£vansb
`mcy-bmbn kzoI-cn-°-bm-Wv F∂nßs\bp≈
hmN-I-߃ D®-cn-®psIm-≠v
hc≥ {Zhy-߃ tlmam-·nbn¬
A¿∏n-°p-I. XpS¿∂v h[phns\
tlma-Ip-WvU-Øn\v Acn-Inte°v
B\-bn-°p-I. ""Rm≥ A·nkm-£n-bmbn
{ioIr-jvWs\ Fs‚
`¿Øm-hmbn kzoI-cn-°p-∂p. `ctZ-h-X-km-£n-bmbn
{ioIr-jvWs\
`¿Øm-hmbn kzoI-cn-°p-∂p.
_‘p-P-\-ßfpw k÷-\-ßfpw
km£n-bmbn {ioIr-jvWs\
`¿Øm-hmbn kzoI-cn-°p-∂p. F∂v
D®-cn-®p-sIm≠v {Zhy-߃ tlman-
°p-I.(4) XpS¿∂v h[p-hns‚
A—≥ h[q-h-c-∑m-cpsS a≤y-Øn¬
\n∂p-sIm≠v Nc-Sn¬ tIm¿Ø
Xmen Db¿Øn-∏n-Sn®v Fs‚ aIƒ
e£vansb Rm≥ {ioIr-jvW\v
hnhmlw sNbvXpXcp∂p F∂p
]dp Xmen hcs\ G¬∏n-°p-
Ibpw hc≥ Xmen h[p-hns‚ Igp-
Øn¬ sI´p-Ibpw sNøp-I.
AXn\p tijw h[q]n-Xmhv ssI
\nd-sb, aecv h[q-h-c-∑m-cpsS Iønte°v
]I¿∂v tlman-°p-I.
Cßs\ aq∂p {]mh-iyw.
Cu tlma-I¿Ω-Øn\p
tijw h[q-h-c-∑msc aWvU-]-Ønte°v
B\-bn-°p-I. hcs‚ CS-Xp-
`m-K-Ømbn h[p-hns\ Ccp-Øp-I.
XpS¿∂v C∂p sNøp-∂-Xp-t]mse
lmcm¿∏-Ww, tamXncw amd¬,
]pSh sImSp-°¬ F∂nh \S-Ø-
Ww. Ah-km-\-ambn ]mWn-{K-l-
Whpw thWw. DØ-tc-¥y-bn¬
sNøp-∂-Xp-t]mse h[q-h-c-∑m-cpsS
hkv{X-߃ Iq´n-s°-´p-Ibpw,
£m{X-k-tμiw

Ccp-hcpw ]c-kv]cw Ippaw AWnbn-°epw
a[pcw \¬Iepw BImw.
XpS¿∂v h[p-hns\ ssI]n-Sn®p
hc≥ aWvU-]-Øn\v aq∂p {]Z-
£nWw hbv°p-∂-tXmsS NS-ßp-
Iƒ Ah-km-\n-°p-I. ]n∂oSv h[qh-c-∑msc
_‘p-P-\-߃ A\p-{Kln-°p-I-bm-bn.
hnhm-l-th-j-sØ-∏-‰nbpw
c≠p-hm-°v˛ hc\v Ct∏m-g-sØt∏mse
Ik-hp-ap≠pw j¿´pw aXn.
Iq´-Øn¬ Zp∏-´-sbt∂m jmƒ
Ft∂m ]d-bp∂ c≠mw ap≠v Hcp
Ik-hp-t\-cyXv IqSn BImw.
(C-t∏mƒ Xs∂ ]ecpw AXv
D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂p-≠v) h[p Ikhp
sk‰p-ap-≠n-te°v amdp-∂Xv \∂mbn-cn-°pw.
Ct∏mƒ h[p-°ƒ D]tbm-Kn-°p∂
hne IqSnb kmcn-Iƒ
aln-fm-c-Xv\-߃ XpS¿®....
-a-Iƒ°v P∑w \¬In-b-Xv. ]fln\n
tN®n. (aÆq¿ aTw ]mekv amthen-°c).
Ct∏mƒ c≠p-t]cpw C√.
tN®nsb FÆ-bv°m´p h®mWv
h√yΩ {]k-hn-®-Xv. XncntI
Ipn-t\bpw sIm≠v {Kma-Øn-se-
Øn-b-t∏mƒ AΩq-Ω-amcpw AΩmh-∑mcpw
cp‹n-Wn-bpsS kpμ-cn-bmb
sIm®p-tamtf ImWm≥ Hfnpw
adpw IuXpIw Im´n-b-t{X.
]n∂oSv h√y-Ωbv°v c≠m-atØ
aIfpw Bb-Xn\p tij-am-bn-cp∂p
Fs‚ AΩ-bpsS hnhm-lw. FÆbv°m´p
\n∂p Xs∂ Fs‚ A—≥
(C.sI.-tI-c-f-h¿Ω-cmPm), A∂pw
ImTn\yw Ipd \n -l-I-cWw
Xs∂ D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. ]t£
R߃ Ip´n-Iƒ F√m-t]cpw
hf¿∂p-h-∂-tXmsS AΩm-h-∑mcpsSbpw
AΩq-Ω-am-cp-tSbpw
tZzjhpw ]cn-`-h-ßfpw ]mtS amdn.
R߃ Ah-cpsS hm’-ey-`m-P-\ß-fm-bn.
AΩqΩ R߃°pw
_‘p-°ƒ°pw th≠n am{X-a-√,
\m´p-Im¿°pw th≠nbpw ]e Imcyß-fnepw
{i≤n-®n-cp-∂p. tPmen-°m-
]e-t∏mgpw ]n∂oSv D]-tbm-Kn-t°-
≠n-h-cp-∂n-√ Ft∂m¿°p-I.
hnhmlw Ign-p≈ kzoI-c-Wm-
Zn-Iƒ°v kmcn-thjw \∂v, B`-c-
W-߃°pw Hcp \nb-{¥Ww
G¿s∏-Sp-Øp-∂Xv \∂m-bn-cn-°pw.
Ipdn∏v
(1) Ct∏mƒ \ΩpsS hnhm-l
߃°v hnLvt\-iz-c-\mb
KW-]-Xnsb kvacn-°m-dn-√.
tZl-WvU-°m¿ t]mepw
KW-]Xn°v hnf-°p-h-®mWv
]mN-I-{iaw XpS-ßp-I. apºv
hnf°phbv°msX Hcp
NSßpw \ap-°n-√m-bn-cp-∂p.
P\-\-am-bmepw ac-W-am-bmepw,
kv{XoIƒ hsc KW-]-Xn°v
\nth-Zn-°p-am-bn-cp-∂p.
cpsS a°ƒ°v I√ym-Wm-tem-N-\˛
]n∂oSv s]¨Ip-´n-Isf sIm´m-c-
Øn¬ hcpØn kw`m-h\Ifpw
\¬In I√ymW∏¥-en-te°v
Hcp-°n-hn-Sp-Ibpw sNøp-am-bn-cp-∂p.
sIm´m-c-Øn¬ AΩq-Ωbv°v ]mN-
I-Øn\v klm-b-Øn-\mbn D≠m-bncp-∂m-fpsS
aI-fpsS I√ymWw Xncph-\-¥-]p-c-Øp≈
Hcp _nkn-\- p-
Im-c-\p-am-bn˛ \mep Znh-ktØ B
X-angv {_m“-W IeymWw {Kma-
Øn¬ sIm´m-c-Ønse \mep-sI-´n¬
h®v Kw`o-c-am-bn-´mWv \S-∂-Xv. Xncph-\-¥-]p-cØp
\n∂pw h∂
At\Iw {_m“W kv{XoIƒ°pw
]pcp-j-∑m¿°pw Xma-kn-bv°m≥
sIm´mcw hI Ingt° sIm´mcw
Hgnp sImSpØp. AhnsS D≠mbn-cp∂
B AΩ-bpsS a°-fn¬
aqØ-bmƒ CEAT Sb¿ doPn-b-W¬
amt\-P-cmbn dn´-b¿ sNbvXp. as‰mcmƒ
Fkv.-_n.Sn doPn-b-W¬ amt\-
P-cm-bn-cp-∂p. Ch-sc√mw sNdp-∏-
Øn¬ hf¿∂Xpw ]Tn-®Xpw {Kma-
Øn¬ sIm´m-c-Øn¬ Xma-kn-®p-
X-s∂-bm-bn-cp-∂p.
_me-Nn-In’ {]tXy-In®v
sXmen-∏p-d-Øp-≠m-Ip∂ Akp-J߃°v
AΩqΩ hnZ-Kv≤-ambn
(2) Ccpºp sIm≠v FSp-Øp-am-‰mhp∂
tlmaIpWvU-߃
Ct∏mƒ ]ecpw D]-tbm-Kn-°p-
∂p-≠v.
(3) Fs¥√mw tlma-{Z-hy-ß-fmWv
th≠-sX∂v Adn-hp≈htcmSv
tNmZn®p a\- n-em-°p-I.
(4) e£vanbpw IrjvW\pw Hmtcm
t]cp-Iƒ Ft∂-bp-≈p,
Ah¿°v D®-cn-t°≠ a{¥ßfpw
hmN-I-ßfpw Adn-hp-
≈-h-tcmSv Btem-Nn®v Xocp-am-
\n-°-Ww. Ah A¿∞-ap-≈Xv
Bbn-cn-°-Ww.
DØ-tc-¥y-bnse £{Xn-bcpsS
hnhm-lm-Nm-c-߃ ]Tn®v Ahbn¬
\n∂v kzoIm-cy-ambh \ap°v
]I¿Øm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.
NnIn-’n-bv°p-am-bn-cp-∂p. \m´p-ImcpsS
Ip´n-Iƒ°pw bmsXmcp {]Xn-
^-ehpw hmßmsX Xs∂-bmWv
Ijm-bhpw acp-∂p-Ifpw D≠m-°ns°m-Sp-°m-dv.
Xncp-thmWw tXmdpw
DW-°-ecn sIm≠p≈ ]¥n-cmgn
\nthZyw IrjvW-kzman Aº-e-
Øn¬ \n∂pw sIm≠p-h-cp-hn®v
D∏p-am-ßbpw hdp-Ø-ap-fIpw Iq´n
Ipg®pcp´n \m´p-Im-cmb Ip´n-
Iƒ°p \¬Ip-am-bn-cp-∂p.
Fgp-]-Øn-\mep sIm√w
apºv \S∂ B hnhm-l-Ønte
h[p˛ Fs‚ h√y-Ω˛ {Kma-Øn¬
sIm´m-c-Øn¬ ]qbw-\mƒ cpKvanWn
Xºp-cm´n C∂pw {Kma-Øn¬
]flhn-emkw sIm´m-c-Øn¬
Btcm-Ky-h-Xn-bmbn Pohn-bv°p-∂p.
sXmÆqdp Ign hey-Ωbv°v
{]mbm-[n-Iy-Øns‚ Ah-i-X-Iƒ
Ds≠-nepw F√m-h-tcbpw `‡n-Km-
\-߃ apX¬ kn\n-am-∏m-´p-Iƒ
hsc ]mSn tIƒ∏n®pw tI´pw
kt¥mjhXn-bmbn Ign-bp-
∂p.hey-Ω-bpsS Bbp-cm-tcmKy
kuJy-Øn-\mbn {]m¿∞n-®psIm≠v
AΩq-Ω-sb-°p-dn-®p≈ Cu
Hm¿Ω-°p-dn∏v ChnsS \n¿Ø-s´.
£m{X-k-tμiw 2008 Pqsse ˛ sk]v‰w-]-_¿ 8

lnc-Wy-K¿`w As√-n¬
lnc-Wy-K¿`-Zm\w F∂ NS-ßn-s\-
∏‰n C∂pw ]e¿°pw ]e A`n-{]mb-ß-fm-Wp-≈-Xv.
lnc-Wy-K¿`w
As√-n¬ ]fl-K¿`w sIm≠v Hcp
hy‡n-tbtbm IpSpw-_-tØtbm
]Z-hn-bnepw PmXn-bnepw Db¿Ømsa-∂p-≈Xp
icn-bmtWm? lnc-Wy-
K¿`Øns‚ sNehv hfsc IqSp-Xem-Wv.
]gb ImeØv ]qWq¬
[m-cn-Iƒ°mWv kap-Zm-b-Øn¬
D∂-X-ÿm\w D≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xv.
Aßns\ lnc-Wy-K¿`w \SØn
]qWq¬ [cn®v kap-Zm-b-Øn¬
D∂X ÿm\w t\Sm≥ km[n-°pam-bn-cp-s∂-n¬
[\n-I-cm-b-h-sc√mw
Xs∂ CXp \SØn ]qWq¬ [cn-
°p-am-bn-cp-∂p. tImgn-t°mSv kmaq-
Xncn ae-_m-dnse cmPm-°-∑m-cn¬
{][m-\n-bm-bn-cp-∂p. IqSmsX
At±lw A°m-eØv hfsc
kzm[o\w D≈ Bfp-am-bn-cp-∂p.
tIc-f-Ønse {][m\ \ºq-Xncn
P∑n-Ifpw sshZn-I-cp-amb
Bgvhmt©-cn, \mtdcn, ]qap-≈n,
Imq¿ apX-em-b-h¿ At±-l-
Øns‚ cmPyØv Xma-kn-°p-Ibpw
sNbvXn-cp-∂p. Xncp-∂m-hmb amam
atlm-’-h-Øns‚ \mb-I-\m-bncp∂
At±lw {_m“-W-cp-ambn
IqSp-X¬ CS-]-g-Im≥ th≠n lnc-
Wy-K¿`w Ign®v ]qWq¬[m-cn-bm-Ipambn-cp-∂p.
{_m“-W¿ D]-\-b\w
\SØn sImSp-°p-∂Xv thZ-hn-[n
-{]-Imcw A¿ln-°p-∂-h¿°p am{Xta-bp-≈q.
kwkvIr-X-Øn¬ lncWyw
F∂m¬ kz¿Æw F∂pw K¿`w
F∂m¬ ]m{Xw F∂p-amWv
A¿∞w. {ioI-WvtT-izcw ]fl-\m-
`-]n-≈-bpsS i_vZ-Xm-cm-hen
t\m°p-I. F∂m¬ At±lw
Xs∂ i_vZ-Xm-cm-h-en-bn¬ lnc-
Wy-K¿`Øn\v ]d-n-cn-°p∂
9
2008 Pqsse ˛ sk]v‰w-_¿
lnc-Wy-K¿`-Zm\w
B¿.-i-in-[-c-h¿Ω (a-Æq¿ aTw, amth-en-°-c)
A¿∞w tIc-fob cmPm-°-∑m¿
Ign-®n-cp∂ Hcp I¿Ωw, kz¿Æ
\n¿Ωn-X-amb Hcp ]ip-hns‚
D≈n¬IqSn {]th-in®v ]pd-Øph-cnI
F∂ NS-ßv. CXp-I-gn-s®-
n¬ am{Xta Ah¿°p {_m“-Wcp-ambn
kl-`-£Ww Ign-°p-∂-
Xn\pw Kmb{Xn P]n-°p-∂-Xn\pw
{]m]vXn-bp-≈p-sh∂p hn[n. F{X
hntcm-[m-`m-kw. At∏mƒ kz¿Æ
\n¿Ωn-X-amb ]ip-hn\v F{X
hen∏w D≠m-bn-cn-°-Ww. IqSmsX
F{X kz¿Æw thWw. Xncp-hn-Xmw-
Iq-dns‚ ]gb dn°m¿Up-Iƒ H∂pw
Xs∂ At±lw I≠n-cn-°m≥ CSbn√
F∂p tXm∂p-∂p. ImcWw
Xncp-h-\-¥-]p-c-Øp≈ Central
Archives ¬ kq£n-®n-´p≈ kzmXn-
Xn-cp-\mƒ cma-h¿Ω alm-cm-Pmhns‚
lnc-Wy-K¿`Zm\-Øns\
kw_-‘n-®p≈dn°m¿Upw I≠p
ImWp-I-bn-√. IqSmsX At±lw
Xs∂ sImSpØ A¿∞w Hm¿Øp
ImWp-I-bp-an-√. Xncp-hn-Xmw-Iq¿
cmPm-°-∑m-cpsS D]-\-b\w hfsc
sNdp-∏-Ønse Xs∂ \S-Øp-∂p.
]Xn-\mdp tjmUi-{In-b-Iƒ \S-
Øp-∂Xv alm-cm-Pm-hm-b-Xn\p
tijw am{XamWv). At∏mƒ lnc-
Wy-K¿`Øn\v kz¿Æw sIm≠v
D≠m-°nb ]ip F∂v A¿∞-an-√.
kz¿Æw sIm≠p-≠m-°nb ]m{Xw
F∂m-W¿∞w. kwkvIrX IrXn-
I-fn¬ ]d-n-´p≈ ]Xn-\mdv alm-
Zm-\-ß-fn¬ (tjm-Ui alm-Zm-\߃)s∏´
H∂p am{X-amWv lnc-Wy-
K¿`Zm\w AYhm ]fl-K¿`-Zm-\w.
tlam{Zn F∂ kwkvIrX IrXnbn¬
hnh-cn-®n-´p≈ ]Xn-\mdv alm-
Zm-\-ßfpsS ]´nI NphsS tN¿°p-
∂p. (1) Xpem-]p-cp-jZm\w (2) lnc-
Wy-K¿`Zm\w (3) {_“m-WvU-Zm\w
(4) Iev]-]m-Z-Zm\w (5) tKm
k-l-{k-Zm\w (6) lnc-Wy-Im-a-
k∂n-[m\w
t[-\p-Zm\w (7) lnc-Wym-iz-Zm\w
(8) lnc-Wym-iz-c-Y-Zm\w (9) ]©emw-e-I-Zm\w
(10) [mc-Zm\w (11)
hniz-N-{I-Zm\w (12) Iev]-e-Xm-Zm\w
(13) k]vX-km-K-c-Zm\w (14) tlal-kvXn-c-Y-Zm\w
(15) cY-t[-\p-Zm\w
(16) alm-`q-X-L-S-Zm\w. CXn¬ 6,7,8
t\m°p-I. CXn¬ 6 kz¿Æw
sIm≠p≈ Ima-t[\p (]-ip) Zm\w,
7 kz¿Æw sIm≠p≈ IpXnc Zm\w,
8 kz¿Æw sIm≠p≈ IpXnc cY
Zm\w BIp-∂p. AXp-t]mse
kz¿Æw sIm≠p≈ ]m{Xw BWv
lnc-Wy-K¿`w. tNc-am≥ s]cp-amƒ
ae-bm-f-\mSv (tI-c-fw) \mept]¿°mbn
`mKn®v `c-W-ta-ev]n-®t∏mƒ
Xncp-hn-Xmw-Iq¿ alm-cm-Pmhn\v
IncoSw (tN-c-ap-Sn) \¬Ins°m≠v
D]-tZ-in® Iq´-Øn¬ Xncphn-Xmw-Iq¿
alm-cm-Pmhpw ]n≥
Km-an-Ifpw Xpem-]p-cp-j-Zm-\w, lnc-
Wy-K¿`w XpSßn tlam{Zn F∂
kwkvIrX IrXn-bn¬ hnh-cn-®n-
´p≈ ]Xn-\mdv alm-Zm-\-ßfpw \S-
Ø-W-sa∂v \n¿t±-in-°p-Ibpw
sNbvXp. Cu lnc-Wy-K¿`Zm\-
Øn\p tijw am{Xta Xncp-hn-Xmw-
Iq¿ alm-cm-Pm-°-∑m¿ ""tNc-apSn''
AWn-bm-dp-≈p. (2007 P\p-hcn ˛
am¿®v e°-Øn¬ tUmIvS¿ B¿.-
]n.-cm-P-bpsS thWmSv F∂ Ncn{X
teJ-\-Øn¬ (t]Pv˛ 10) tNc-apSn
ImWn-®n-´p-≠v.) A\ngw Xncp-\mƒ
am¿Øm-WvU-h¿Ω alm-cm-Pm-hns‚
Imew sXm´v Cu NS-ßp-Iƒ
apS°w IqSmsX Xs∂ \S-∂n-´p-≠v.
kzmXn Xncp-\mƒ alm-cm-
Pmhv 1834˛¬ lnc-Wy-K¿`-Zm\w \S-
Øn-bn-´p-≠v. CXn\p th≠n D≠m-
°nb ]m{X-sØ-∏‰n tcJ-Iƒ D≠v.
AXn¬ ]d-n-cn-°p-∂-Xv C{]-Imc-am-Wv.
(A-SpØ t]Pnse t_mIvkv
ImWpI)
£m{X-k-tμiw

ImØn-cp∂ HmWw
10

{iocm-a-Nbw
1009˛mw am≠v ssXbn-amkw 5˛mw XobXn 5˛mw Znhkw Cc-Ænb sI¿∏-]m-Øncw ]qbn® hI°p ]Sn-
Øc ssXamkw 5˛mw XobXn A©mw Znhkw N°n-dm-∏n-®p-]qssN Ign--Xnt‚ tNgw Cc-Ænsb sI¿∏-
]m-Øncw AIØp Fgp-∂-≈n®p ]e-Ω-Øn¬ sh®p ]qNn-∏m≥ ssIhgn sN√w hI-bn¬ \n∂pw Xo¿Øp
h∂ Cc-Wnb sI¿∏-]m-Øncw H∂p°p apSn Dƒs∏sS F´p am‰p s]m≥ CS-I-g©p 8860 a©mSn Ac Sn
]mØn-c-Øns‚ ]mg angmhp s]mse aqSp G‰ ]c-∂n´pw Xo¿ss° Ap-eobw sIm≠p 72 hnc¬ Inf-c-
Øn¬ NphSp 48 hnc¬ Inf-c-Øn¬ hnem-N-ج \Sphp 54 hnc¬ hnem-N-am-bn´pw apI-fnse AS∏p F´p
sXfm-bn´p Xo¿Ø sXfw F´n\p F´p apØp s]m∂pw Iºn-bn¬ tIm¿Øp sI´n-Øq°n 18 hnc¬ Inf-c-
Øn¬ 48 hnc¬ h´-Øn¬ AssS∏pw H∂pw ASn-bnse X´n\p AIØp \Sp-hn¬ F´p sXf-Øn¬ Hcp
Xmassc ]qØ-InSp h®p ssX®p Sn sXfw-F-´n\pw F´p ]ew am¿I-s∏mSn sagp-In¬ H´nh®p Sn ]qØ-In-
Sns‚ \Sp-hn¬ \mep hnc¬ \of-Øn¬ s]m∂pw Iºn-bn¬ 47 apØp tIm¿Øp h´-ambn sI´n h® apØpamsse
H∂pw C∏-dn-Imcw Cc-Ænb sI¿∏-]m{Xw Xo¿Øp sIm´m-c-Øn¬ sN√w hI-bn¬ Icp-th-e-∏pssc
amfn-I Xmsg sIm≠p h∂-t∏mƒ s]mXn-hm≥ sImSpØ ]Wws]‰ tNsse 1 Sn ]m{Xw sIm≠n-h-cp-hm≥.
IhnX
IXn¿a-Wn-bmbn IÆo-cp-Xncpw
s]cn-bm-dn≥ aW-tem-c-Øv,
]p√pw s\√pw aecpw Pehpw
X¿∏-W-amIpw ]pg-tbm-c-Øv,
Bbn-c-߃ _en-tX-Sps∂m
cmep-hm-∏p-g-X≥ Xoc-Øv,
P\n-a-c-W-°-S-e-°-sc-bm-Im˛
\mflm-h-ebpw \Zntbm-c-Øv,
I¿Ωw ImWm-°-øm¬ kz¥w
I‰-Iƒ sImøpw ]pg-tbm-cØv,
Imew ambv°m-tØm¿Ω-I-tf¥n
_en-bq-´m-s\Øpw Rm\-hnsS
X¿∏-W-ta-In-b-°-c-bm-°m-\m˛
]qPm-cn-I-sfØpw t\c-Øv,
\ns∂-tØ-Sn-tØSn Rm\-ebpw
Xocw-tXmdpw ]pg-tbm-cØv
H‰-bv°-ebpw t\c-Øv, Ipn-°m-‰m˛
bW-bq\o IÆo-scm-∏m-\-cn-I-Øv.
Kmb-{Xo-h¿Ω, Fgp-a-‰q¿ ]mekv
IhnX
ImØn-cp∂ HmWw
Xr°m-°sc sN∂-Sp-Ø-t∏m-sg-¥n∂p
Xncp-thm-W-tØm-Wn°p Nm©m´w
Xr°m-°-c-∏∂p Ib-dm-\m-bnt´m
amth-en-Ø-{ºm-\n-d-ßm-\mtWm
AØw sXm´p XpS-ßp∂ ]q°fw
D{Xm-S-\mƒ hsc XpS-cp∂p
]pØ-\p-Sp-∏n´p Ipp-ß-fm-Sp∂
]Øm-asØ \mfn¬ Xncp-thmWw
IpS-]n-Sn-s®-Øp∂ amth-en-Ø-{ºm≥
IpS-h-b¿ Xncp-Ωn-s°m-s≠-Øp-tºmƒ
Imf≥ Hme≥ Fcn-t»cn ]∏Sw
Im°-tIdm Ce Xpº-Øp≠v
]pg-I-S-s∂-Øp∂ amth-en-bvt°-Im≥
]g-aS ]mbkw s\ø∏w
Ag-Inb A∏s\ FXn-tc¬°m-\mbv
Xpº-∏q-p-e-tb-¥n-ss]-X-߃
]qpe s]bvsXm-gn-tm-Whpw t]mbt√m
Xncp- -ap-‰-Ø-ºnfn H‰bv°v
a°ƒ Ic-I-S-∂-°sct∏mbt√m
]Sn-m‰n apØ»n X\n-®mbn
kuay-hXn Xºp-cm´n
£m{X-k-tμiw 2008 Pqsse ˛ sk]v‰w-]-_¿ 10

11
k∂n-[m\w
""H∂n-°p-I -\-Ωƒ''

hmb-\-°m-cpsS IØp-Iƒ... XpS¿®
N-cn-{Xhpw hwim-h-enbpw Xøm-dm-°n-bn-´p-≈-h¿ Ds≠-
∂p-≈Xv CØ-cp-W-Øn¬ kvac-Wo-b-am-Wv.
amth-en-°c aÆq¿aTw sIm´m-c-Ønse
{io aqew\mƒ Fw.-cm-P-cm-P-h¿Ω M.A., B.L.,
(1871-1959) At±-l-Øns‚ Ub-dn-bn¬ amth-en-°c
sIm´m-c-Ønse F√m AwK-ßsf∏‰nbpw khn-kvXcw
Fgp-Xn-bn-´p-≠v. IqSmsX Nß-\m-t»cn e£van-]pcw
sIm´m-c-Ønse -tUm-IvS¿ F¬.-F.-c-hn-h¿Ω, lcn-∏mSv
sNt{ºm¬ sIm´m-c-Ønse kn.-B¿.-tI-c-f-h¿Ω
(N-cn-{X-K-th-j-I\pw New Light on Swathi Thirunal
F∂ {KŸ-Øns‚ cN-bn-Xm-hp-amb Dr.R.P.Raja bpsS
]nXm-hv) FgpXnb e£vao-]pcw F∂ ]pkvX-I-Øn¬
]c-∏q¿ cmP-hw-i-Øns‚ Ncn{Xw {]Xn-]m-Zn-°p-∂p-≠v.
IqSmsX At±lw Xs∂ ]c-∏q¿ kzcq-]-Øns‚ imJ-
I-fmb Nß-\m-t»cn e£vao-]pcw sIm´m-cw, Acn-∏mSv
A\-¥-]pcw sIm´m-cw, sNt{ºm¬ sIm´mcw F∂o
imJ-I-fpsS hwim-h-enbpw D≠m-°n-bn-´p-≠v. AXn¬
Hmtcm AwK-Øn-s‚bpw t]cv, \mƒ, P\-\-Øo-b-Xn,
Nc-a-Xo-bXn (h¿jw, amkw, Xob-Xn) F∂nh tcJs∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p-≠v.
sIm√-h¿jw 880-˛¬ ae-_m-dn¬
\n∂pw h∂v Infn-am-\q-cn¬ ÿnc Xma-k-am-°nb Infnam-\q¿
sIm´m-c-Øns‚ hwim-hen sI.-kn.-tN-´≥ F∂p
{]kn-≤-\mb sI.-kn.-cm-a-h¿Ω (c-ho-W, t]mßp-Ωq-Sv,
Xncp-h-\-¥-]p-cw) D≠m-°n-bn-´p-≠v. Xncp-h√ ]men-b-
°c sIm´m-c-Øns‚ hwim-hen -Sn.-cm-P-cm-P-h¿Ωbpw
(1920˛1961) D≠m-°n-bn-´p-≠v. sIm®n cmP-Ip-Spw-_-
Øns‚ Ncn-{Xhpw hwim-h-enbpw -c-ta-i≥ Xºp-cm≥
D≠m-°n-bn-´p-≠v. Cu hwim-h-en-Iƒ I≠v Cu teJ-
I\pw amth-en-°c cmP-Ip-Spw-_-Øns‚ 1754 apX-ep≈
hwim-h-enbpw tIme-kz-cq-]-Øns‚ Ncn-{Xhpw amthen-°c
aÆq¿aTw sIm´m-c-Ønse aqew-\mƒ Fw.-cm-Pcm-P-h¿Ω
M.A., B.L., (1871-˛1959) Fgp-Xnb Ub-dnbnse
Ipdn-∏p-I-fpsS klm-b-Øm¬ Xøm-dm-°n-bn-´p-
≠v. IqSmsX amth-en-°c cmP-Ip-Spw-_-Øns‚
(tIm-e-kz-cq-]w) Ncn{Xw £m{X-k-tμ-i-Øn¬
JWvUxi {]kn-≤o-I-cn-®n-´p-ap-≠v. CsX√mw Xs∂
hwim-hen Xøm-dm-°p-∂-h¿°v DØa amXr-I-bm-Wv.
B¿.-i-in-[-c-h¿Ω
aÆq¿a-Tw, amth-en-°c
HmWmiwkIƒ
£m{X-k-tμ-i-Øns‚ AWnbd inev]n-Iƒ°pw
hmb-\-°m¿°pw Fs‚bpw IpSpw-_-Øn-s‚bpw HmWmiwkIƒ
kuay-h-Xn-X-ºp-cm´n
11
2008 Pqsse ˛ sk]v‰w-_¿
k∂n-[m\w
IhnX
""H∂n-°p-I -\-Ωƒ''
ae-b-∏p-e-bs‚ hmg-°p-e- sh´n
X{ºms‚ tImtemØv ht®m-cp-Imew
Nß-ºpg ]≠v ]mSn-b-Imew
ae-bs‚ a°ƒ hnXp-ºn-b- Imew
Ime-ß-tfsd Ign-p-t]mbn
]e-Imew t\{Xm-hXn Ie-ßn-a-dnp
]≠sØ IY-sbms° amdn-a-dnp
ae-b-∏p-e-bs‚ amS-an-∂n√
Ahn-sSm-cp- am-fnI h∂-Xp- It≠m
Im¿t]m¿®n¬ Imdp-In-S-°p-∂Xp-It≠m
Iq´m-bva-bm-b-h¿ hmgp-∂-Xp-I-t≠m.
\Ωƒ°pw Iq´mbva BI-cp-sX-∂pt≠m
Np‰n\pw t\m°pI tkmZ-csc \n߃
kap-Zm-b-°q-´m-bva-bn-e-en-bWw \Ωƒ
sshcw shSnp £{Xn-b-cmw- \-Ωƒ
H∂n-°pw-Imew AXn-{I-an®p
\Ω-sfm-∂m-Ip-hm-s\t¥ ISº?
£{Xn-b-k-ap-Zmbw apt∂-dp-I- thWw
Bscbpw X®p-S-bv°p-∂n√ \Ωƒ
Bscbpw t]Sn®p \S-°n√ \Ωƒ
Hcp sh≈n-\-£{Xw DZn-®-Xp-It≠m
DZn-®p-b-cp∂ \£{Xw t]mse
\Ω-fp-b-cWw Iq´m-bn-Øs∂
Xß-fn¬th¿Xn-cn-hn-√msX Xs∂
sIm´m-c-hm-Xn¬ ae¿s° Xpd-°Ww
]rYzn-cmPv Nulms\ ap∂n¬\n¿Øn
sIm´m-c-s°-´nse Xºp-cm-°-∑m¿s°m∏w
Xºp-cm-´n-amcpw apt∂-dp-I-th-Ww.
HmW-Øn≥ \mfs√m h∂p-I-gnp
\√ XpS-°-ambv HmWm-tLmjw
HmW-Øn\p kZybpw ]m´pw Ipc-hbpw
th≠m-Ø-Xm-sW∂v Rm≥ ]d-bn√
HmW-Øn≥ \mfp-Iƒ thKw- I-gnbpw
Fnepw \ΩpsS Iq´m-bva-sb√mw
\ΩpsS kwkvIm-cw -Du-´n-∏p-e¿Øpw
F∂ {]Xn⁄ Cu HmW-Øn-s\-Sp°mw
Hcp-an®p tNcp-t∂m-co-thZn X∂n¬
Hcp ]pØ≥ Xe-ap-dsb ImWp∂p \Ωƒ
\√-Xp-S-°-Øn≥ \mfn¬ Rm\pw
t\cp∂p awKfw \nß-tfm-sSm-∏w.
sN∂n-Øe cmP-cm-P-h¿Ω
£m{X-k-tμiw

thWmSv
(Xncp-hn-Xmw-Iq¿) cmP-hwiw ˛ XXXVIII
12

-
{io]-fl-\m`kzman-t£-{X-
Ønse kz¿Æ-s°m-Sn-a-c-Øn¬
Xs‚ IpXn-csb sI´p-sa∂ Sn∏pkp¬Øms‚
{]Xn⁄ Cw•o-jp-
Im-cpsS klm-b-an-√m-Xn-cp-s∂-n¬
Hcp Ncn-{X-bm-Ym¿∞y-ambn Xocp-ambn-cp-∂p-sh∂v
Hm¿Ø-t∏mƒ, Nne
]›m-Ø-e-ß-fn-te°v H∂v k©-cn-
®p-t]m-b-Xm-Wv.
Sn∏p-hns‚ ]S-tbm-´-°m-e-Øv,
Xncp-hn-Xmw-Iq-dn\p ]pd-Øp≈ F√m
cmP-Ip-Spw-_-ßfpw Xncp-hn-Xmw-
Iq-dn¬ A`bw {]m]n-®n-cp-∂-t√m.
ae-_m-dnse cmP-Ip-Spw-_-߃,
`ojWn Db¿∂-t∏mƒ Xs∂,
sIm:h:963-˛\v (F.-Un. 1787-˛1788)
apºp-Xs∂ Xncp-hn-Xmw-Iq-dn¬
FØn -b-Xm-bmWv ]T-\-߃ kqNn-
∏n-°p-∂-Xv. F∂m¬, Sn∏p-kp¬Øm-
\p-ambn kulr-Z-k-‘n-bn-te¿s∏-
´n-cp∂ sIm®n cmP-Ip-Spw_w 964
Ipw`-am-k-tØm-sS-bmWv Xncp-h-\-
¥-]p-c-sØ-Øn-b-Xv. Xs‚ IpSpw-
_sØ Xncp-h-\-¥-]p-c-tØ-bv°b®
sIm®n alm-cm-Pmhv [¿Ωcm-Pm-hn\v
C{]Im-csagpXn:˛ ""Sn∏p
]d-hq-cn-se-Øn-°-gn-p. sImSp-ß-
√q¿tIm-´sb ]ocn D]-tbm-Kn®v
B{I-an-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-bv°pIbm-Wv.
AXp-sIm≠v Rm≥ Fs‚ IpSpw-
_sØ Xncp-h-\-¥-]p-c-tØ-bv°v
Ab-bv°p-I-bm-Wv. Ahsc kwc-
£n-°p-I. Cuiz-cs\ km£n
\n¿Øn Rm≥ F√mw Ahn-SpsØ
G¬]n-°p-∂p'' (i-p-Æn-ta-t\ms‚
Xncp-hn-Xmw-Iq¿ Ncn-{X-Øn¬
\n∂pw) (964, Ip`-amkw 24-˛mw Xob-
thWmSv
(Xncp-hn-Xmw-Iq¿) cmP-hwiw ˛ XXXVIII
tUm. B¿. ]n. cmPm
Xn (1789 am¿®v 2 apX¬ ]d-hq¿
tIm´-bpw, taS-tØmsS sImSp-ß-
√q¿ tIm´bpw B{I-a-W-hn-t[-bam-bn.)
1790 am¿®v 30-˛mw Xob-Xn,
Kh¿W¿ P\-d-em-bn-cp∂ tIm¨
hm-eokv {]`p, aZn-cmin
Kh¨sa‚ns\ P\-d¬ aotUmkns‚
`c-W-Øn≥ Iogn-em-°p-Ibpw
Xncp-hn-Xmw-Iq-dns\ klm-bn-
°p-hm-\m-bn Sn∏p-hn-s\-Xn-sc bp≤w
{]Jym-]n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. ssakqdn-s\-Xnsc
B{I-a-W-`o-jWn
Db¿∂-Xn-\m¬ Sn∏p-hn\v Xncp-hn-
Xmw-Iq-dns‚ hS-°-\-Xn¿Øn-bn¬
\n∂pw kz¥w cmPyw c£nbv°phm≥
aS-tß-≠n-h-∂p.
kvt\lm-Z-c-]q¿Δw kzoI-cn-°p-
Ibpw F√m-hn[ Xma-k-ku-I-cyßfpw
Xncp-h-\-¥-]p-cØv Hcp-°ns°m-Sp-°p-I-bpw
sNbvX [¿Ω-cm-
Pm-hv, Sn∏p aS-ßn-t∏mb DS≥X-s∂,
sIm®n cmPIp-Spw-_Øn\v Xr∏q-
Wn-Øp-d-bn-te°v aS-ßn-t∏m-Ip-hm-
\p≈ F√m G¿∏m-Sp-Ifpw sNbvXpsIm-Sp-Øp.
Iº\n k¿°m-cp-ambn Btem-
Nn®v ae-_m-dn¬ \n∂p-h∂ cmPm-
°-∑m-tc-bpw kzcm-Py-ß-fn-te°v aSßn-t∏m-Ip-hm-\p≈
G¿∏m-Sp-
Iƒ°pw XpS°w Ipdn-®p. tImgnt°m´v
kmaq-Xn-cn-∏m-Sns‚ IpSpw-
_sØ FÆ-°mSv sIm´m-c-ØnemWv
]m¿∏n-®n-cp-∂-Xv. kmaq-Xn-cn-
∏m-Sn\v Fgp-]-Xp-h-b- n\p tase
{]mb-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. tZlmkzmÿyw
Imc-Ww, Hcp Zo¿L-
bm{X sNøp-hm≥ X\nbv°v DSs\
km≤y-a-s√-∂pw AXp-Im-c-Ww Ipd-
®p-Im-ew-IqSn Xncp-hn-Xmw-Iqdn¬
Xs∂ Xma-kn-®m¬ sIm≈m-sa∂pw
At±lw [¿Ω-cm-Pm-hns\ Adn-bn-
®-t∏mƒ, alm-cm-Pmhv AXn-\pth≠
G¿∏m-Sp-Iƒ sNbvXp-sIm-
Sp-Øp. AXn-\p-ti-jw, Cf-ap-d-bmbn-cp∂
IrjvW-cm-Pm-sb tImgnt°ms´
Imcy-߃ t\m°p-∂-Xn-
\mbn Atßm-´-b-®p.
]S-tbm-´-°m-eØv (`o-jWn
Db¿∂-t∏mƒ Xs∂-sb∂v Hm¿°-
Ww) tIme-kz-cq-]-Øns‚ imJm-
Ip-Spw-_-߃ F√mw-Xs∂ Xncp-hn-
Xmw-Iq-dn¬ A`bw {]m]n-®n-cp-∂p.
F∂m¬ Nnd-bv°¬cm-Pmhv Xncp-hn-
Xmw-Iq-dn-te°v h∂n-√. At±lw
Nnd-bv°¬ Xs∂ Xmakw
XpS¿∂p. IÆq-cnse Ben-cm-Pm-bpam-bp≈
]cn-Nbw h®v Sn∏pkp¬Øm-\p-ambn
kplr-Zv_‘w
ÿm]n®v kzbw c£-s∏-Sm-sa∂v
hnNm-cn-®p. F∂m¬ AXv Aÿm-
\-Øm-bn. kz¥w-Ip-Spw-_sØ Xncphn-Xmw-Iq¿
cmPm-hns‚ kwc-£-W-
Øn-em-°n-b-Xpw, tIme-kz-cq-]-Øn\v
Xncp-hn-Xmw-Iq¿ cmP-Ip-Spw-_-hp-ambp≈
_‘hpw Imc-W-am-Imw,
Sn∏p-hns‚ {]oXnbv°v At±lw
]m{Xo-`q-X-\m-bn-√. am{X-hp-a-√, c£s∏-Sphm≥
Hc-hÿbn√msX hcn-Ibpw
ap ¬am-∑m-cp-sS -I-øn-e-I-s∏-
´m¬ {`jvSv kw`-hn-bv°p-sa∂v
Dd-∏p-h-cn-Ibpw sNbvX-t∏mƒ a‰v
KXy-¥-c-ßsfm∂pw Im◊m
\n√msX "X¬s°me' sNøp-I-bm-
£m{X-k-tμiw 2008 Pqsse ˛ sk]v‰w-]-_¿ 12

Wp-≠m-b-Xv. Ct±-l-Øns‚ ac-
WsØ°pdn-®v, as‰mcp IYbpw
Ncn-{X-Im-c-∑m¿ ]d-bp-∂p-≠v. Xs‚
hniz-kvX-\mb Hcp \mb¿ t]mcmfn-tbmSv
Xs∂ h[n-bv°p-hm≥
B⁄m-]n-°p-Ibpw, At±lw
AXp \n¿h-ln-®p-sh-∂pamWv
`mjyw. Sn∏p-kp¬Øm≥ ae-_m¿
hn´-t∏mƒ "sNß' tImhn-eIw
Hgn®v tIme-kz-cq-]-Øns‚ imJm-
Ip-Spw-_-߃ (a-e-_m-dn¬ \n∂pw
A°m-eØv h∂-h) aS-ßn-t∏m-bn.
ZØn¬ IqSn Xncp-hn-Xmw-Iq¿ cmP-
Ip-Spw-_-hp-ambn ASpØ _‘-Ønem-b-Xn-\m¬
sNß tImhn-eIw
Xncp-hn-Xmw-Iq-dn¬ Xs∂ ÿnc Xmak-am-°p-I-bpw,
C∂pw amth-en-°c,
FÆ-°m-Sv, {]mbn-°c F∂o imJm-
Ip-Spw-_-ß-fmbn XpS-cp-Ibpw
sNøp-∂p.
]S-tbm-´-°m-e-Øv Xncp-hn-Xm-IqdnseØnb
thsdmcp cmP-Ip-Spw-_amWv
]c-∏-\-ßmSn Bÿm-\-am°n
1000 h¿j-߃°v apºv cmPyw `cn-
®n-cp∂ "]c-∏q¿ kzcq]w'. Cu
kzcq-]w, A°m-eØv Xs∂, ""hep-
°p-dn-tb-SØv'' (s\-Sphm F∂
ÿeØv ÿm]n-X-am-bn), ""Icn∏m'',
""Ben-bw-tImSv AYhm ]g-t©cn''
(Ch c≠pw t_∏q-cn¬) F∂v aq∂v
imJm tImhn-e-I-ß-fmbn ]ncn-ncp-∂p.
Nne {]tXyI kml-N-cy-ßfn¬s∏-´v,
""Icn∏m'' tImhn-e-Iw, ]c-
∏q¿ kzcq-]-Øns‚ ""Xmbv XSn''bn¬
\n∂pw th¿s]-Sp-I-bpw, s\Sn-bm¬,
a\-bØv, ]pXnb, ]\-tßm´v,sXs°-∏m´v
F∂v A©v imJm IpSpw-
_-ß-fmbn ]ncn-bp-Ibpw sNbvXp.
]S-tbm-´-°m-eØv Cu imJm-Ip-Spw-
_-ß-sf√mw Xncp-hn-Xmw-Iq-dn¬
hs∂-n-epw, Cu IpSpw-_-ß-fnse
Nne ""Xmbvhgn-Iƒ'' Xncp-hn-Xmw-
Iq-dn¬ FÆ-bv°m´v hS-s°-aTw
(]p-Xn-b), sNdp-tIm¬ (s\-Sn-bm¬),
Imcm◊ (]-\-ßm-Sv) F∂o sIm´mc-ß-fmbn
C∂pw XpS-cp-∂p. Benb-t°mSv
tImhn-e-Ihpw Xncp-hn-Xmw-
13
2008 Pqsse ˛ sk]v‰w-_¿
Iq-dn¬ h∂p. Ah¿ Xncn®p
t]mbn√. Nß-\m-t»cn e£van-
]p-cw, Xncp-h√m ]men-tb-°-c,
]≈w, {Kmaw, lcn-∏m-´p≈ A\-¥-
]p-cw, sNtºm¬ F∂o sIm´m-cßfmbn
XpS-cp-∂p.
G‰hpw A¤p-X-I-c-ambn
tXm∂p-∂-Xv ae-_m-dnse cmP-
Ip-Spw-_-ß-sf√mw Xncp-hn-Xmw-Iqdn¬
A`bw {]m]n-®-t∏mƒ, ]c-∏q¿
kzcq-]-Øns‚ ""hep-Ip-dn-tb-SØv''
tImhn-e-I-Øp-Im¿ am{Xw F¥psIm≠v
h∂n-√m-sb-∂p-≈-Xm-Wv,
A°m-e-Øn\p ap≥]v Xs∂ Cu
tImhn-e-Iw, ""hep-Ip-dn-tb-SØp
tImhn-eIw'', ""hep ]pXnb tImhenIw'',
""]Sn-m-sd-∏m´v tImhneIw''
F∂v aq∂mbn ]ncn-n-cp-
∂p. Cu aq∂p tImhn-e-I-ß-fn¬
H∂p t]mepw Xncp-hn-Xmw-Iq-dn¬
A`-bw {]m]n-®n-√. ]c-∏q¿ kzcq-
]sØ°pdn-®v, lcn-∏mSv sNt{ºm¬
sIm´m-c-Ønse {io.-kn.-sI.-tI-c-fh¿Ω-bpsS
(Fw.-Fw.-_n.-F¬, sF.-
F.-F-kv, Kh¨sa‚ v sk{I-´-dn)
Kth-j-W-Ip-dn-∏p-I-fn¬ \n∂pw a\n-em-°nb
Nne hkvXp-X-Iƒ
Ah-X-cn-∏n-bv°-s´. 1788˛¬ Sn∏p
kp¬Øm≥ ae-_m-dn¬ {]th-in-®v,
sIm≈bpw sIm≈n-hbv∏pw aX-
]-cn-h¿Ø-\hpw XpS-ßn. Sn∏p, ]c-
∏q¿ kzcq-]-Øns‚ {]tZ-i-ß-sfsb√mw
I-ø-S-°n. A°q-´-Øn¬,
hep-Ip-dn-tb-SØp tImhn-e-Iw, hep
]pXnb tImhn-eIw, ]Sn-m-sd-
∏m´v tImhn-eIw F∂o tImhn-e-
I-ß-fn-ep-≠m-bn-cp∂ Xºp-cm-°-∑mtcbpw
Xºp-cm-´n-am-tcbpw ]nSn-
Iq-Sn. Ahsc sIm≠p-t]m-b-Xv,
tImb-º-Øq-cp≈ Sn∏p-hns‚
"TmWm' hnte°v (P-bn¬) Bbncp-∂p.
Cu tImhn-e-I-ß-fn¬
\n∂pw BsI F{X Xºp-cm-°-∑mtcbpw
Xºp-cm-´n-am-tc-bp-amWv ]nSn-
®p-sIm-≠p-t]m-bXv F∂-dn-bp-hm≥
Ign-n-´n-√. AXp-t]m-se,
19-˛3˛1792˛¬ {iocw-KØp h®v
k∂n-[m\w
Sn∏phpw Iº-\n-bp-ambn D≠m-°nb
DS-ºSn {]Imcw hn´-b-®-h-cpsS Iq´-
Øn¬ Cu tImhn-e-I-ß-fnse F{X
t]cp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂pw Adn-bm≥
]mSn-√. AXn-\p≈ IW-°p-Iƒ
e`y-a-√. \n¿`m-Ky-hm-∑m-cmb Cu
Xºp-cm-°-∑m-tcbpw Xºp-cm-´n-amtcbpw
kw_-‘n-bv°p∂ GI-tcJ
(e-`y-am-b-Xv), hep-]p-Xnb tImhn-e-
I-Øpw, hep-Ip-dn-tb-SØp tImhne-IØpw
Ah-ti-jn® Nne Xºpcm-´n-am¿°v
th≠n Nß-\m-t»cn
e£van-]pcw sIm´m-c-Øn¬ h®v,
Nne ip≤n-I¿Ω-߃ \S-Øp-I-bp-
≠m-b-Xns\ Ipdn-®p-≈-Xm-Wv. B
tcJ-bn¬ \n∂pw a\- n-em-Ip∂
Hcp Imcyw, Nne Xºp-cm-´n-am¿
ap ¬am-∑m¿ sh® ""A∂w'' `£n-
®n-´n-s√-∂pw, ""Nmcn-{X-`wKw'' kw`hn-®n-´n-s√-∂p-am-Wv.
AtX kabw
ae-_m¿ If-IvS-dpsS 1876 tabv 12-
˛mw Xob-Xn-bn-esØ ""s{]mko-Unw-
Kvkn¬'', ae-_m-dn¬ ap…nw-`-c-W-Ime-Øv,
hep-Ip-dn-tb-SØp tImhn-e-
IsØ F√m AwK-ßfpw ""PmXn
-{`-jvS-cmbn'' F∂p hy‡-am-°n-bn-
´p-≠v. Cu Ipdn-∏p-I-fn¬ \n∂pw a\n-em-Ip-∂Xv
tImb-º-Øq¿°v
sIm≠p-t]mb Xºp-cm-°-∑m¿
""tNe-{In-bbv°pw'', Xºpcm-´n-Iƒ
am\-`w-K-Øn\pw hnt[-b-am-bn-´p-≠mhWw
F∂m-Wv. Ah¿ 1792˛¬
Xncn®p tImhn-e-I-ß-fn¬ h∂t∏mƒ,
]nSn-bn¬ \n∂pw c£-s∏-´h-cpsS
H∏w ({]-tXy-I-am-bn) tImhne-IØp
Xma-kn-®p. PmXn-{`jvSv
h∂-h¿, A√m-Ø-h¿ Xma-kn-°p∂
Hcp tImhn-e-IØv Xma-kn-®Xp
ImcWw D≠mb Bi-b-°p-g-∏-ambn-cnbv°mw
""ip≤n-I¿Ω-߃'' \S-
Øp-hm≥ ]n¬°m-eØv t{]c-I-ambn-Øo¿∂-Xv.
Hcp Imcyw hy‡-am-
Wv. hep-Ip-dn-tb-SØp tImhn-eIw
apgp-h≥ {`jvS-cm-bn. hep-]p-Xnb
tImhn-e-IØv Nne¿ c£-s∏-´p. ]Sn-
m-sd-∏m´v tImhn-e-I-sØ-∏‰n
H∂pw tIƒ°m-\n-√m-Ø-Xn-\m¬
""A\yw'' \n∂n-cn-°mw.
£m{X-k-tμiw

ta¬∏-d Imcy-ß-fn¬
\n∂pw, 1790˛¬ Sn∏p, Cw•o-jp-
Imsc t\cn-Sm≥ Xncp-hn-Xmw-Iq¿
AXn¿Øn-bn¬ \n∂pw t]mb-t∏mƒ
ae-_m-dnse Ahÿ F¥m-bn-cp-∂psh∂v
Duln-°m-hp-∂-sX-bp-≈q.
1791˛¬ aZn-cmin Kh¿Æ-cm-bn-cp∂
P\-d¬ aotUmkv ""Xncp-hn-Xmw-
Iq-dn¬ A`bw {]m]n® ae-_m¿
cmPm-°-∑m¿, Sn∏p-hn-s\-Xn-cmbn
Cw•o-jp-Imsc klm-bn-°m≥
t{]cn-∏n-bv°Ww'' F∂v [¿Ω-cm-Pmhn\v
Fgp-Xn-b-Xm-Wv. F∂m¬
]n∂oSv ae-_m-dnse F√m cmPyßfpw
[¿Ω-cm-Pm-hns‚ \nb-{¥-W-
Øn-em-°p-I-bpw, AXXp cmPm-°-
∑m¿°v Ah-c-h-cpsS cmPy-߃
Xncn®p \¬Ip-Ibpw sNøp∂ Npa-
Xe aZn-cmin Kh¨sa‚ v [¿Ωcm-Pm-hns\G¬∏n-°p-I-bpwsN-bvXp.
hfsc {ia-I-c-amb Hcp
tPmen Bbn-cp∂p AXv. C∂sØ
`mj-bn¬ ]d-m¬, ae-_m¿ Hcp
""sImfw'' Bbn-cp-∂p. 1788 apX¬
1791 hsc, cmPm-°-∑mtcm `c-Wm-
[n-Im-cn-Itfm C√msX, Sn∏p-hns‚
]S-bm-fn-Ifpw, A\p-bm-bn-I-fpw,
sIm≈-°m-cp-sa-√mw, hkvXp-hpw
hkvXp-h-I-I-fpw, Iøn¬ In´p-∂sX¥pw
ssIh-i-s∏-SpØn ]cn-
]q¿Æ Acm-P-I-Xzhpw `oXn-P-\-Ihp-amb
Hc-¥-co-£hpw AhnsS
krjvSn-®n-cp-∂p. [¿Ω-cm-Pmhv Xs‚
Npa-Xe \n¿h-ln-°p-hm≥ Znhm≥
tIi-h-]n-≈sb \ntbm-Kn-®p. Xncphn-Xmw-Iq-dn¬
h∂ cmPm-°-∑msc
tIi-h-Zm-ks\ ImWp-hm-\mbn
Ab-®p. ]me-°m´v Hcp henb
ssk\y-hp-ambn Xmh-f-a-Sn-®n-cp∂
tIi-h-Zm-k≥, Hmtcm cmPy-Ønt‚bpw
Xe-ÿm-\-sØ-Øp-Ibpw
]e-cp-ambn N¿® sNbvXv AXn¿Øn-
Iƒ Xn´-s∏-Sp-ØpIbpw, cmPm-°-
∑m¿ XΩn-epw cmP-Ip-Spw-_-߃°p-
≈nepw Db¿∂p-h∂ X¿°-߃°v
]cn-lm-c-߃ Is≠-Øp-Ibpw
sNbvXp. Ah-sc-sb√mw Xr]vXn-Ic-amw-hÆw
kzÿm-\-ß-fn¬ {]XnjvTn-X-cm-°n.
{]iv\w˛]-cn-lmcw
]mc-X{¥yw!
sI.-sI.-cmP
ASp-Ø-Im-eØv sImSp-ß-√q¿ Nnd-°¬ tImhn-e-IØv Hcp Xºp-cm´n acn-®p.
sshIp-t∂-c-amWv kw`-hw. arX-tZlw bYm-hn[n \mep-sI-´n¬ InSØn; \√-ag: ]ns‰
Znhkw l¿Øm¬ BsW∂ hm¿Ø ]c-∂n-cn-°p-∂p. Cu kml-N-cy-Øn¬ kwkvImcw
cm{Xn Xs∂ \S-Øn-tb-]-‰q.
kwkvIm-c-Øn-\p≈ F√m Hcp-°-ßfpw \S-°p∂p. kwkvImc {Inb-Iƒ sNøn-
°p-∂-Xn\v Hcp \ºq-Xncn IqSntb Xocp. \ºq-Xn-cnsb Is≠-Øm-\p≈ {ia-am-bn.
tImhn-e-IØv hnhmlw Ign-®n-´p≈ Hcp \ºq-Xn-cn-bp-≠v. At±-l-amWv km[m-cW
{Inb-Iƒ \S-Øn-°p-I. ]s£ Imen¬ Hcp ikv{X-{In-bsb XpS¿∂v At±-l-Øn\v
\S-°m≥ t]mepw hømØ Ah-ÿ-bn-em-Wv. AXym-h-iy-L-´-ß-fn¬ klm-bn-°p∂
Hcp C√-Øp-\n∂pw Hcmsf sIm≠p-h-cm\p≈ {iahpw ^en-®n-√. Dt±-in® \ºq-Xncn
Bip-]-{Xn-bn-ep≈ tPyjvTs\ klm-bn-°m≥ t]mbn-cn-°-bm-Wv. Xr∏q-Wn-Øp-d-bn¬
\n∂pw Hcmsf sIm≠p-h-cm-\mbn ASpØ {iaw. ]ns‰ Znhkw Hcp {im≤w Ds≠∂pw
AXn-\m¬ hcm≥ ]‰n-s√∂pw ]dv Dt±-in® \ºq-Xn-cnbpw Isøm-gn-p.
{Inbm-Zn-Iƒ \S-Øn®v ]cn-N-b-ap≈ GsX-nepw \ºq-Xn-cnsb In´msX Fßs\
kwkvImcw \SØpw? aWn-°q-dp-Iƒ IS-∂p-t]m-Ip-I-bm-Wv. Hcmƒ Imdp-ambn ]pØ≥
Nnd-bn-te-°p-t]m-bn. AhnsS ]≈tØcn C√sØ \ºq-Xn-cnsb Bh-iy-Øns‚
{]m[m\yw ]dp a\- n-em°n. kpa-\- mb At±lw {]mbm-[n-Iyhpw ImgvN-°pdhpw
]cn-K-Wn-°msX ag-bØv tImhn-e-IØv FØn cm{Xn hfsc sshIn-bn´pw
{Inb-Iƒ \SØn X∂p. F√mw Ign--t∏mƒ kabw aq∂paWn Ign-n-cn-°p-∂p.
CXp-sIm≠pw {]iv\w Xo¿∂n-√. ]Ømw Znh-ksØ {Inbm-Zn-Iƒ \S-Øm≥ At±l-Øn\v
Aku-I-cyw. I¿Ω-߃ \S-tØ-≠-h¿ Imsd-SpØv Xr∏q-Wn-Øp-d-bn¬ {_m“-
W-kw-L-S-\-bmb ""At\ym\y''Øns‚ klm-b-tØmsS I¿Ω-߃ sNbvXp. ]nWvU
Znhkw Xr∏q-Wn-Øp-d-bn¬ \n∂v \ºq-Xn-cn-amsc sIm≠p-h∂v _m°n {Inbm-Zn-Ifpw
\S-Øn.
C°mcyw C{X hnkvX-cn®p ]d-Xv kwkvIm-cmZn {Inb-Iƒ°v \ºq-Xn-cn-amsc
B{i-bn-t°-≠n-hcp-∂Xpaqeap≈ _p≤n-ap-´p-Iƒ hy‡-am-°m-\m-Wv. £{Xn-b-cn¬
Nne-sc-nepw CØcw {Inbm-Zn-Iƒ \S-Øp-∂-Xn-\p≈ ]cn-io-e\w t\Sn-bm¬ D≠m-
Ip∂ {]tbm-P\w hep-Xm-Wv. sshbv°-Øpw, tN¿Ø-e-bnepw a‰pw kzP-\-]u-tcmln-Xy-am-sW∂v
tI´n-´p-≠v. hmcy¿, DÆn, aqØXv XpS-ßn-b-h¿°v kz¥-°m¿ Xs∂bmWv
]utcm-lnXyw hln-°p-I. ]ns∂ \ap°v F¥p-sIm≠v Bbn-IqSm?
£{Xnb t£a-k-`-bpsS bqWn-‰p-Iƒ tI{μo-I-cn-®v, \ΩpsS hnhm-l-˛-kw-kvIm-cm-
Zn-Iƒ bYm-hn[n \S-Øp-∂-Xn-\p≈ ]cn-io-e\w Nne¿s°-nepw \¬Ip-∂Xv \∂mbn-cn-°pw.
Hcp kwL-S\ F∂ \ne-bn¬ CsXmcp IS-a- Iq-Sn-bm-Wv. CsXm-cm-h-iy-amsW∂v
kap-Zm-bmw-K-ßfpw a\- n-em-°-Ww.
£m{X-k-tμiw 2008 Pqsse ˛ sk]v‰w-]-_¿ 14

tIc-f-Ønse cmP-hw-i-߃
sImSp-ß-√q¿ cmP-hw-i-sØ-
°p-dn-®v hy‡-amb tcJ-I-sfm∂pw
Xs∂ e`y-am-bn-´n-√. Aßp-anßpw
NnXdn InS-°p∂ Nne ]cm-a¿iß-fpw
tI´-dn-hp-Ifpw Iq´n-t®¿Øv
bp‡n-k-l-amb Hcp \nK-a-\-Øn¬
FØn-t®-cp-hm≥ am{Xta km≤yamIq.
alm-Ihn Ipn-°p-´≥
Xºp-cms‚ ""tIcfw'' F∂ Imhy
sØ Bkv]-Zm-°nbmWv CXn¬
`qcn-`mKw A`n-{]m-b-ß-fnepw FØnt®¿∂n-´p-≈-Xv.
tIc-f-Øn¬ \ºq-Xn-cn-am-cpsS
`c-W-Im-eØv 12 h¿jw IqSp-tºmƒ
Xncp-\m-hmb aW-∏p-dØv Hcp almk`
tNcpI ]Xn-hm-bn-cp-∂p. cmPy-
Im-cy-ß-sf-°p-dn®p N¿® sNøp-hm-
\mWv Cu alm-k` IqSn-bn-cp-∂-Xv.
\ºq-Xn-cn-am-cpsS CS-bn¬ Iqdp
a’cw h¿≤n-®-t∏mƒ IqSnb almk-`-bn¬,
klym-{Zn°p Ing-°p-
\n∂pw Hcp £{Xn-b-cm-Pm-hns\
sIm≠p-h∂v cmPy-`-cWw G¬∏n-°-
W-sa∂v Hcp A`n-{]m-b-ap-b¿∂p.
N¿®-Iƒ°p tijw Hcp £{Xnb
cmPm-hns\ `c-W-ta¬∏n-°p-hm≥
Xocp-am-\-am-bn. Aßns\ hcp∂
£{Xn-b≥ ChnsS Xma-k-ap-d-∏n-°p-
∂Xv Hgn-hm-°p-hm≥, ASpØ almk-`-h-sc,
AXm-bXv 12 h¿jw
am{Xw `c-Wm-[n-Imcw \¬In-bm¬
aXn F∂v alm-k` Xocp-am-\-sa-Sp-
Øp. Cu ZuXy-Øn-\mbn {Kmac-£m-[n-Im-cn-I-fmbn
""hmfp-
\ºn''amsc Xnc-s-Sp-Øp.
(I°m´p hmfp-\-ºnbmbncp∂p
CXn\p t\XrXzw \evIn-b-Xv.)
Cu hmfp-\-ºn-am¿, Cu Bhiy-Øn-te-°m-bn,
sXepptZisØ
""hnP-b-\-Kcw'' km{am-Pym-[n-]s\
kao-]n-®p. klym-{Zn°p Ing-°p-≈,
tNc-˛-tNm-f-˛-]m-WvUy-hw-i-Øn¬
\n∂pw Hcmsf Xnc-s-SpØp
sIm≈p-hm≥ At±lw A\p-hmZw
15
sImSp-ß√q¿ cmP-hwiw
]q¿Δ-N-cn{Xw
2008 Pqsse ˛ sk]v‰w-_¿
sIm-Sp-ß-√q¿ Ipp-Æn-cm-P
\¬In. AXn≥{]-Imcw "tNmf'
tZi-Øp-Im-c-\mb \mcm-b-W-`-´s\
(`-´≥-˛-]-WvUn-X≥) tIcf tZi-tØ-
°m-\m-bn-®p. tIc-f-Øn¬ Ct±lhpw
_‘p-°fpw h∂p Ib-dnb
ÿew "ht∂cn' F∂-dn-bp-hm-\n-Sbm-bn.
Cßns\h∂-h¿ im¿°-chw-i-°m-cm-bn-cp-∂n-cn-°-Ww.ht∂cn-bn¬
Abn-cq¿ F∂ ÿe-ØmWv
Ch¿ BZy-ambn Xma-k-am-°n-b-Xv.
Aßns\ Ch¿ Abn-cq¿ im¿°c
hwi-°m-cmbn Adn-b-s∏-Sm-\n-S-bmbn
F∂p thWw A\p-am-\n-°p-hm≥.
(tN‰p-hm-a-\-]p-c-Øn\v Abn-cq¿
F∂pw ]m∏n-\n-h´w F∂pw ]d-bpam-bn-cp∂p
F∂pw, AhnsS h∂p
Xma-k-am-°n-b-Xp-sIm≠v Abn-cq¿
F∂ t]¿ kn≤n-®-sX∂pw Hc-`n-{]mb-ap-≠v.)
BZy-ambn ChnsS h∂ \mcmbW
`´≥ ""Ipe-ti-J-c≥'' (Ip-e-
Øn¬ t{ijvT≥) F∂ t]cn¬
kXyw sNbvXp cmPy-`-cWtas‰-Sp-
Øp. ChnsS \n∂pw sXt°m-´p≈
bm{X-bn¬, Ch¿ ]m∏n-\n-h-´-Øpw,
sh≈-ß-√qcpw Xma-kn® tijw,
Xr°p-e-ti-J-c-]pcw F∂v C∂-dn-bs∏-Sp∂
{]tZ-iØv Xma-k-ap-d-∏n-®p.
(Ip-e-ti-J-c≥ ÿnc-ambn Xma-kn®
{]tZiw "Ipe-ti-J-c-]p-cw'
F∂dnbm-\n-S-bm-bn-cn-°-Ww. _lpam-\-kq-N-I-ambn
CXn-t\mSv Xncp
tN¿Øv Xncp-Ip-e-ti-J-c-]pcw
F∂pw ]n∂o-SXv tem]n®v Xr°pe-ti-J-c-]pcw
F∂pw Adn-bm-\n-Sbmbn
F∂p-thWw Icp-Xp-hm≥).
hnjvWp-`-‡-\mb Ct±lw ChnsS
Hcp hnjvWp-t£{Xw ]Wn-bn-®p.
AXmWv Xr°p-e-ti-J-c-]p-cw
t£{Xw. Cu Ipe-ti-J-cs‚ hwi-
Øn¬s∏-´-h-cm-Wv, sImSp-ß-√q¿
cmP-hw-iØnep-≈-h¿. Xr°p-e-ti-
J-c-]p-csØ tZh-\mWv sImSp-ß-
√q¿ cmPm-°-∑m-cpsS Ipe-tZ-h-X.
k∂n-[m\w
Cu IpSpw-_-t£-{X-Øn-em-Wv,
henb Xºp-cm≥ ÿm\-sØ-Øp∂
Bƒ Acn-bn-´p-hmgvN \S-Øn-bn-cp-
∂-Xv. \m-cm-bW \maw Cu Ipe-
Øn-ep-≈-h-cpsS ap{Z-bp-am-bn. henb
Xºp-cm≥, "\mcm-b-W-cm-a-h¿Ω'
Fs∂-gp-XnbmWv ]gb tcJ-I-fn¬
H∏n-´n-cp-∂-Xv. Ipn-°p-´≥ Xºpcms‚
hcn-Iƒ ChnsS ]I¿Ø-s´.
""Ipe-tZ-hX tImSn-enw-K-`q˛
Xe-h¿°o-Ip-e-ti-J-tc-iz-c≥
Ipe-aq-e-]p-ams‚ t]cn-\m¬
Ine-\m-cm-b-W- \m-a-ap-{Zbpw''
\mcm-b-W-`-´s‚ hwi]c-º-cbn¬s∏´-h¿
F∂ \ne-°m-bn-cn-
°Ww Cu ap{Z kzoI-cn-®-Xv.
hnZzm≥ Cf-b-X-ºp-cms‚ DØ-ccm-a-N-cn-Xw,{io.-sI.-]n.-\m-cm-b-W-∏njm-cSn
]p\x-{]-kn-≤o-I-cn-®-t∏mƒ,
hnZzm≥ Cfb Xºp-cm≥ Ipe-ti-
J-c-hw-i-Øn¬s∏´ Hcm-fm-sW∂v
tcs∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p-ap-≠v.
HSp-hn-esØ s]cp-amƒ (tN-cam≥
s]cp-am-fm-bn-cn-°-Ww). k¿Δkw-K-]-cn-XymKw
sNbvX-t∏mƒ,
sImSp-ß-√q-cns‚ `cWw ]Sn-mt‰-SØp
`´-Xn-cn°p \¬In. `´-Xn-cnb-psS
hwiw A\yw \n¬°m-dm-bt∏mƒ,
Abn-cq¿ im¿°-c-hw-i-P-
\mb kz]p-{X\p cmPy-`-cWw
\¬In. Aßns\ sImSp-ß-√q¿
cmP-hw-iw, "]Sn-m-t‰-SØp
kzcq]w' F∂pIqSn Adn-b-s∏-Sm-\n-
S-bm-bn. (sIm®n cmP-Ip-Spw-_-Øn\v
""s]cp-º-S-∏p-kz-cq]w'' F∂-dn-b-s∏-
Sm-\n-S-bm-b-Xv, CXp-t]m-se-bm-sW-
∂v, A∏≥X-ºp-cm≥ ""awK-f-ame''
F∂ ]pkvX-I-Øn¬ tcJ-s∏-Sp-ØnbXv
hmbn-®-Xmbn Hm¿°p-∂p. Cu
awK-f-ame Ct∏mƒ Aø-t¥m-fp≈
""A∏≥X-ºp-cm≥ kvamcI'' {KŸim-e-bn-ep-≠m-bn-cn-°-Ww).
(Xp-S-cpw)
£m{X-k-tμiw

tIc-f-h¿Ω henb tImbn-Ø-ºp-cms‚
Imcm-Kr-l-hm-k-Øn-\n-S-bm-°nb kml-N-cy-߃
Hcp Zp¿L-S-\ne
ta¸-d-X-mWv Bbneyw
Xncp-\m-fns‚ kz`m-h-sa-n¬,
CXn¬ \n∂v XnI®pw hyXy-kvXkz-`m-h-\m-bn-cp∂p
At±-l-Øns‚
A\p-P≥ hnimJw Xncp-\mƒ. cmPy-
`-c-WsØ G‰hpw Kuc-h-]q¿Æamb
Hcp [¿Ω-ambn ]cn-K-Wn® Hcp
cmPm-hm-bn-cp∂p At±-lw. Akm-
∑m¿§n-I-X-tbm-Sp≈ ITn-\-amb
shdp∏pw \oXn-\n¿Δ-l-W-Øn¬
ZrV-{h-Xhpw At±-l-Øns‚ kl-
P-kz-`m-h-ß-fm-bn-cp-∂p. Bbneyw
Xncp-\m-fn-t\m-sSm∏w Item-]m-k-I-
\m-bn-cp-∂n√ At±-l-sa-nepw
hn⁄m-\-K-th-j-W-Ønepw
⁄m\-k-ºm-Z-\-Ønepw AXym-k-
‡n-bp≈ BPo-h-\m-¥-hn-Zym¿∞nbm-bn-cp-∂p.
AXn\pw ]pdsa Cw•ojn¬
AXn-{]-K-ev`-\mb Hcp teJ-
I-\pw.
C{]-Imcw hn`n∂ {]Ir-Xn-Ifmb
c≠p cmP-]p-cp-j-∑m-cpsS
at≤y tIc-f-h¿Ω-bpsS \ne Zp¿L-
S-ta-dn-b-Xm-bn-cp-s∂∂v ]d-tb-≠-Xn-
√-t√m.
cmP-Ip-Spw-_-tØm-Sp-≠m-bncp∂
ASpØ _‘-hpw, alm-cm-
Pm-°-∑m-cn¬ Hmtcm-cp-Ø-tcmSpw
]pe¿tØ-≠n-h∂ at\m-`m-h-Øns‚
{]tXy-I-X-Ifpw \nanØw tIc-fh¿Ωbv°pw
ZrV-amb Hcp \njv]-
£\ne \nd-th-‰n-s°m≠p t]mIm≥
km≤y-a-√msX h∂p. hnti-jn®pw
hnimJw Xncp-\m-fp-ambn AXy¥w
KmV-amb kulr-Z-amWv tIc-fh¿Ωbv°v
BZyw apX¬t° D≠mbn-cp-∂-Xv.
hnimJw Xncp-\m-fn\v
(Ign e°w XpS¿®)
kºm. tUm.-_n.-B¿.-B¿.-h¿Ω
Ctßm-´p-≠m-bn-cp∂ hm’-eyhpw
AØ-c-Øn-ep-≈-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. AhcpsS
kz`m-h-߃ XΩn¬ KmVamb
Nne s]mcp-Ø-ßfpw C√m-Xncp-∂n-√.
c≠p-t]cpw Bflm¿∞X
\nd hn⁄m-\m-t\z-jn-Iƒ;
Nn¥m-io-e-∑m¿, imkv{X-_p-≤n-Iƒ.
c≠pt]cpw hnIvtSm-dn-b≥Im-esØ
A¥ pw in£-W-t_m-[hpw DZmc-Xbpw
]cn-]m-en-bv°p-∂-Xn¬ _≤-
{i-≤-∑m¿. \√ hb-e‰v ajn-bn¬
Zo¿L-h-Sn-hn¬ Ccp-t]cpw FgpXn
h∂ ssI∏-S-Iƒ XΩnepw A\¬]amb
kmay-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Hcmƒ
hmbn® ]pkvXIw at‰-bm-fns‚
{i≤-bn¬s]-Sp-Øp-Ibpw hmbnbv°m≥
]c-kv]cw t{]cn-∏n-°p-
Ibpw at‰-bmƒ sNbvXn-cp-∂p. tIcf-h¿Ω-bpsS
BZy-Im-esØ KZy-Ir-
Xn-I-fpsS cN-\-bn¬ hnimJw Xncp-
\mƒ sNep-Øn-bn-cp∂ kzm[o-\i‡n
\n m-c-am-bn-cp-∂n-√.
Cßns\ ]e {]Im-c-Ønepw
KmV-ssa-{Xn-bn¬ h¿Øn® B
_‘p-°ƒ AXy-¥-kp-lr-Øp-°fm-bn-cn-bv°-th-bmWv
Bbn-eyhpw
hnim-Jhpw XΩn¬ AI-∂-Xv.
Iev]\ I√ns\ ]nf¿°p-am-bn-cp∂
A°m-e-ß-fn¬ \mSp hmgp∂ cmPmhp-ambn
CS-bp-∂Xv ipt`m-Z¿°-as√∂p
hnimJw Xncp-\m-fn\v Adnbm-am-bn-cp-∂p.
Fnepw ASpØ
cmPym-h-Imin F∂ \ne-bn¬ At±l-Øn\v
Nne c£m-I-h-N-߃ C√m-
Xn-cp-∂n-√. hen-b-tIm-bn-Ø-ºp-cm-\m-
Is´ cmP-Ip-Spw-_-hp-ambn hnhm-l-
_‘w sIm≠p-≠mb _eta
{][m-\-am-bn-´p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-≈p.
AØcw _‘-ßsft∏mepw
Agn®p If-bp-hm≥ cmP-I¬∏-
\bv°v A°m-eØv Ign-bp-am-bn-cp-
∂p. Xs‚ Cu Zu¿∫-√y-sØ-∏‰n
buh-\-Øn-f∏p sIm≠v tIc-fh¿Ω
th≠{X [cn-®n-√.
BZy-Im-eØv At±lw
\njv]-£-`m-h-Øn¬ \n∂p-sIm≠v
cmP-{]-kmZw \ne-\n-dp-Øp-∂-Xn¬
Hcp-hn[w hnP-bn-®p. am{X-a√, _‘-
Øn\v GXm≠v Hcp h¿jw apºv
hsc, alm-cm-Pm-hns‚ hm’-ey-
Øn\pw t{]m’m-l-\-Øn\pw ]ncnbmØ
Iq´p-sI-´n\pw ]m{X-am-bn-
´mWv At±lw Pohn-®-Xv.
tPyjvTm-\p-P-kw-L-´\w
]t£ B \ne Zo¿L-
Imew XpS¿∂p-sIm≠p t]mIm≥
km≤y-am-bn-√. tPyjvTm-\p-P-∑m¿
XΩn-ep≈ AI¬® \mƒ°p-\mƒ
h¿≤n-®p-h-∂p. Cu AI¬® tIcf-h¿Ωsb
Fßns\ kv]¿in-®psh-∂p-≈Xp
hy‡-am-°m≥
A¬∏w ]q¿Δ-N-cn-{X-I-Y\w th≠nbn-cn-bv°p-∂p.
_meyw apX¬t°
Bbneyw Xncp-\mfpw hnimJw Xncp-
\mfpw XΩn¬ A`n-{]m-b-hy-Xym-kßfpw
a’-c-ß-fp-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.
A\pP-t\-°mƒ A©p hb p
aq∏p-≠m-bn-cp∂ tPyjvT≥ IqSp-X¬
{]k-cn∏pw {]k-∂-[n-j-W-Xbpw
{]I-Sn-∏n-s®-nepw Ipd-s®ms°
HXp-ßn-°-gn-n-cp∂ sIm®-\p-P≥
(A-h¿°n-cp-t]¿°pw at≤y _p≤namμyw
D≈ as‰mcp ktlm-Z-c≥
IqSn-bp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p) IqSp-X¬ Imcy-
Ku-hhpw Pohn-X-\n-jvTbpw D≈
Hcp _me-\m-bn-´mWv F√m-h¿°pw
A\p-`-h-s∏-´-Xv. am[-h-dmhp BZyw
£m{X-k-tμiw 2008 Pqsse ˛ sk]v‰w-]-_¿ 16

Cu cmP-k-tlm-Z-c-∑m-cpsS Syq´-dmbn-´mWv
Xncp-hn-Xmw-Iq-dn¬ h∂-Xv.
At∂bv°v Bbn-eyw-Xn-cp-\mƒ
]Xn-s\-´p-h-b- p≈ Hcp bphm-hmbn-°-gn-n-cp-∂p.
tPyjvT≥ Kpcphns‚
A\p-k-c-W-bp≈ injy-t\-
°mƒ Gsd \nb-{¥-W-Øn¬ \n∂v
Hgn-p-am-dn-s°m-≠n-cp∂ Hcp
tkz—m-\p-h¿Øn-bm-bn-´mWv Pohn-®sX∂v
A\p-P≥ Xs∂ ]n∂oSv ]d-
n-´p≠v: ""At±lw ]t≠ tXm∂nb-hm-k-߃
Bcw-`n-®n-cp-∂p'' (He
had begun to sow ‘wild oats’ long
ago) F∂mWv hnimJw Xncp-\mƒ
Xs‚ Bfl-I-Y-bn¬ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Ønbn-´p-≈-Xv.
""am[-h-dm-hphns\ Hcp
Syq´-sd-∂-Xn-t\-°mƒ Gsd Iq´p-Imc-\m-bn-´mWv
At±lw KWn-
®sX''∂pw AXn¬ ]d-n-´p-≠v.
F∂m¬ hnimJw Xncp-\mƒ am[h-dm-hp-hns‚
h’-e-in-jy-\m-bn-
Øs∂ hf¿∂p. A`n-\-h-co-Xn-bnep≈
Cw•ojv hnZym-`ym-k-Øns‚
BZy-Im-esØ hnin-jvSk-¥m-\-ßfn¬
{]i-kvX-\m-bn-cp∂ am[-h-dmhp-hns‚
kml-N-cy-amWv hnimJw
Xncp-\m-fns‚ B[p-\n-I-im-kv{X-hn-
⁄m-\-Øn\pw kz`m-h-Zm¿Vy-
Øn\pw hgn sXfn-bn-®-Xv. am[-h-dmhp-hnepw
cmP-Ip-am-c-∑m-cpsS Cu
ho£m-hy-Xymkw `n∂-co-Xn-I-fn¬
{]Xn-^-en-®-Xmbn C\n ImWp-hm≥
Ign-bpw.
1034˛¬ (1859) tIc-f-h¿Ω
bpw B‰n-߬ aqØ cmP-Ip-am-cnbp-am-bp≈
]≈n-s°´p \n›-bn-®t∏mƒ,
A∂p \mSp hmWn-cp∂
D{Xw Xncp-\mƒ alm-cm-Pmhv Cf-apd-°m-cmb
Bbneyw˛hn-imJw cmP-
Ip-am-c-∑m-cpsS A`n-{]mbw Bcm-bp-
I-bp-≠m-bn. B‰n-߬ aqØ dmWnbpsS
`¿Ør-]-Zhn (B Zº-Xn-IfpsS
k¥m-\-am-Wt√m `mhn cmPymh-Im-in)
A`n-Im-ay-amb Hcp ÿm\am-bn-cp-∂p.
At\Iw £{Xnb bphm-
°-∑m¿ AXv Al-a-l-an-Ibm
B{K-ln-®p. Ah-cpsS c£m-I¿Øm-
17
2008 Pqsse ˛ sk]v‰w-_¿
°ƒ Ah¿°Xp t\Sn-s°m-Sp-°m≥
InWp {ian-bv°p-Ibpw sNbvXph-∂p.
tIc-f-h¿Ω-bpsS amXp-e≥
cmP-cm-P-h¿Ω (D{Xw Xncp-\m-fns‚
kyme≥) BbnsS Ncaw {]m]n-®t∏mƒ
alm-cm-Pm-hn-t\mSv Hcp
A¥ym-`n-em-j-sa∂ \ne-bn¬ Xs‚
`mKn-t\-b-s\-s°m≠v e£van-dm-WnbpsS
]≈n-s°´p Ign-∏n-bv°-Wsa∂p
{]m¿∞n-®p. A∂p ]Xn-
∂mep hb p {]mb-ap-≠m-bn-cp∂
tIc-f-h¿Ω-bpsS A\ym-Zr-i-amb
BIm-c-kp-j-a-bpw, {]Xn-`m-hn-emkhpw
I≠v alm-cm-Pmhp {]oX-\mbn-cp-∂-Xn-\m¬
kymes‚ A`nemjw
km[n®p sImSp-°p-∂-Xn¬
At±lw X¬∏-c-\m-bn-cp-∂p. cmPy-
Im-cy-ß-fn-se∂ t]mse IpSpw_
Imcy-ß-fnepw Cf-ap-d-°m-cpsS A`n-
{]mbw bYm¿lw BZ-cn®p h∂ncp∂
alm-cm-Pmhv Cu Imcy-Ønepw
B coXn ssIhn-´n-√. Bbneyw
Xncp-\mƒ hn]-co-Xm-`n-{]m-b-amWv
Ct∏mƒ {]I-Sn-∏n-®-Xv. AXv tIc-fh¿Ω-tbmSv
At±lØn\v Fs¥-
nepw hn{]-Xn-]-Øn-bp-≠m-bn-cp-∂-
Xn-\m-em-bn-cp-∂pthm F∂p Xo¿®bn-√.
Hcp ]t£ At±-l-Øn\v
CjvS-s∏´ at‰tXm £{Xn-b-bp-hmhn-t\m-Sp-≠m-bn-cp∂
]£-]mXw
\nan-Ø-am-bn-cn-bv°m≥ CS-bn-√m-bvIbn-√.
Aßns\ Hcp bphmhv˛ At±l-am-Ws{X
]n∂oSv ]c-∏-\m´p cmah¿Ω
F∂-dn-b-s∏-´-Xv˛ tIc-f-h¿ΩbpsS
IpSpw-_-Øn¬Xs∂ D≠mbn-cp-∂p.
hnimJwXncp-\m-fm-Is´
`mKn-t\-bnbv°v tIc-f-h¿Ω-tb-
°mƒ A\p-cq-]-\mb Hcp hc≥
thsd-bn-s√-∂mWv A`n-{]m-b-s∏-´-Xv.
alm-cm-Pm-hn\v Ah-km\ Xocpam\sa-Sp-°m≥
AXv Hcp ]n≥_-e-ambn.
tPyjvTm-\p-P-∑m¿ XΩn¬ BZy-
Im-eØp Xs∂ Bcw-`n® Cu A`n-
{]m-b-kw-L-´\w ]n¬°m-eØv
imtJm-]-im-J-bmbn ]S-cp-sa∂p
hnNm-cn-bv°m≥ bmsXmcp \ymb
hpw A°m-e-Øp-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√.
k∂n-[m\w
cmP-{]-kmZw
Xma-kn-bmsX ]≈n-s°´p
\S-∂p, ]gb A`n-{]m-b-`n-∂-X-Iƒ
hnkvar-X-ß-fm-bn. 1860˛¬ Bbneyw
Xncp-\mƒ cmPy-`-c-W-ta-‰-tXmSp
IqSn Xncp-hn-Xmw-Iq¿ cmPyØv Hcp
kph¿Æ-Zi Bcw-`n-®p. alm-cm-Pmhns‚
lrZ-b-Kp-W-ßfpw _p≤n
-{]-`m-hhpw XΩn¬ GtIm-]n®v ^e-
{]-Z-ambn hnI-kn® Ime-am-bn-cp∂p
]n∂sØ Hcp Zi-h¿jw. Znhm≥
am[-h-dm-hphpw alm-cm-Pmhpw `c-W-
Im-cy-ß-fn¬ GI-a-Xn-I-fmbn
apt∂m´p t]mbn. cmP-k-tlm-Z-c-
∑m¿ XΩnepw A∂p-≠m-bn-cp∂
A`n-{]m-ssbIyw H∂p {]tXyIw
Xs∂bmbn-cp-∂p. hnimJw Xncp-
\mƒ Xs∂ AXn-s\-°p-dn®v ]d-
n-´p-≈-Xn-ß-s\-bmWv: ""cmah¿Ω
cmP-Ip-am-c≥ tPyjvT-\p-ambn
lm¿±-amb _‘-Øn¬ Ign-n-cp-
∂p. A°m-eØv tPyjvT≥, A`n-
{]m-b-߃ IqsS-°qsS Bcm-t∏m-sgms°
kz¥w hnizm-k-߃
Ie-hd IqSmsX Bflm¿∞-XtbmsS
]d-bp-hm≥ A\p-P≥
teihpw aSn-®n-cp-∂n-√.''
tIc-f-h¿Ω-bpsS Pohn-X-
Ønepw G‰hpw tim`-\-amb L´am-bn-cp∂p
AXv. Bbneyw Xncp-
\mƒ `mKn-t\-bo-`¿Øm-hns\ \m\mcw-K-ß-fn-epw,
Atß A‰w
t{]m’m-ln-∏n-®p. kwKo-X-km-ln-
XymZn Ie-I-fn-em-bmepw \mbm-´v,
e£y-th-[w, Aizm-tcm-l-Ww, a√bp≤w
apX-emb hymbm-a-hn-t\m-Z-ßfn-em-bmepw
tIc-f-h¿Ω-bpsS
A\ym-Zr-i-amb Ign-hp-Iƒ°v
{]tbm-K-ku-I-cy-߃ At±lw
[mcm-f-ambn \¬In h∂p. cmPk-Z
nse AwK-߃, hntZ-in-Ifmb
kμ¿i-I-∑m¿, bqtdm-]y≥
DtZym-K-ÿ-∑m¿, IqsS-°qsS BK-
X-cm-bn-s°m-≠n-cp∂ Iem-hn-im-c-Z-
∑m¿, Ihn-Iƒ, ]WvUn-X-∑m¿
F∂n-ßs\ ]eXcw Bfp-I-fpambn
\nc-¥c kº¿°w \nanØw
£m{X-k-tμiw

tIc-f-h¿Ω-bpsS hn⁄m-\-]-cn-
[nbpw ]mS-h-ßfpw {]hr-≤-ambn
h∂p. hnimJw Xncp-\m-fn-t‚bpw
am[-h-dm-hp-hn-t‚bpw kml-N-cyhpw
ZrV-ssa-{Xnbpw Cu A\p-{K-lßsf
k¿tΔm-]cn ]cn-]p-jvS-am-°n.
Ch-bvs°√mw aIp-S-ÿm-\o-b-am-bncp∂p
A\p-cq-]bpw kIe Iem-Ipi-e-bp-amb
{]nb-X-a-bpsS kc-k-]cn-N-c-Whpw,
X∑q-e-ap-≠mb
Km¿lnI ku`m-Ky-hpw.
cmP-Ip-amcn
cmP-Ip-amcn ]eXp sIm≠pw
Akm-[m-c-W-bmb Hcp bph-Xn-bmbn-cp-∂p.
""s]Æn-√p¿ho-X-e-a-Xn¬ alm
dmWn-sb-t∏m-se-bn-t∏mƒ
hnÆn¬t∏mepw hn]p-e-Kp-W-k¬˛
°o¿Øn-k-ºq¿Øn-tbm¿Øm¬
FÆn-°q-Sm-sØmcp kpj-a-bpt≈mcp
X∑q¿Øn-bm¿°pw
IÆn¬t®¿°pw JK-h-c]cw
l¿j-]o-bq-j-h¿jw.''
F∂n-ßs\ abq-c-k-tμ-i-
Øn¬ Ah-sc-∏‰n tIc-f-h¿Ω ]d-
n-´p-≈-Xn¬ Hcp {]W-bm¿Ø\p
kl-P-amb AXyp‡ F{X am{Xap-s≠-n-epw,
dmWn-bpsS buh-\-
Im-esØ kuμ-cy-t[m-cWn I≠ncp∂
ka-Im-en-I¿°v t«mI-Ønse
DØ-cm¿≤-Øn¬ ]cm-hr-jvS
-am-bn-cn-°p∂ kpj-am-hn-em-k-
Øns‚ Imcy-Øn¬ AXn-itbm‡n
kv]¿iw tXm∂p-am-bn-cp-
∂n-√. kwKo-X-Øn¬˛ hmbv]m-
´nepw hoWm-hm-Z-\-Ønepw Ah¿
hnZ-Kv≤ Xs∂-bm-bn-cp-∂p. `¿Ømhns\
Ah¿ hoW-hm-b-\bpw
`¿Ømhv Ahsc kmln-Xyhpw
A`y-kn-∏n-®-Xmbn tIc-f-h¿Ω
Xs∂ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p-≠v. {]`m-
X-th-f-I-fn¬ Ah¿ H∂n-®ncp∂v
hoW-I-fn¬ GXm\pw kabw
tZho-kvtXm-{X-߃ Be-]n-®n-cp-∂-
Xmbn tI´n-´p-≠v. Ihn-Xsb-gp-
Ønepw Km\-c-N-\-bnepw dmWn°v
AXoh Xm¬∏-cy-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.
BI-∏msS hn⁄m-\-{]-W-bnbpw
Iem-Im-c-\p-amb Hcp bphm-hn\v
A\p-cq-]bpw A\p-Kp-W-bp-amb Hcp
h\n-Xm-c-Xv\-am-bn-cp∂p e£vao-
_m-bn.
amXp-e\pw `mKn-t\-b\pw
alm-cm-Pm-hns‚ Zm£n-Wyku-P-\y-߃
Cu \√ Imeßsf
IqSp-X¬ `mkp-c-ß-fm-°n.
hne]nSn® kΩm-\-ßfpw kw`m-h-
\-Ifpw t{]m’m-l-P-\-I-amb
AwKo-Im-c-ßfpw sIm≠v `mKn-t\bo-`¿Øm-hns\
At±lw [\y-\m-
°n-b-tXm-sSm∏w dmWn-tbmSpw
Zm£n-Wy-hm-’-ey-߃ Atß-b‰w
{]Z¿in-∏n-®p. acp-a-°-Ømb k{º-
Zm-b-Øn¬ `mKn-t\-bn-am-tcmSv amXpe-∑m¿
]pe¿Øn-t∏m-∂n-cp∂
AI¬®-Iƒ I¿°-i-ambn ]men-
°m≥ At±lw apXn¿∂n-√.
kwKoXw, hoW-hm-b\ apX-emb
Ie-I-fn¬ acp-a-I-fpsS ]mShw
t\cn´p a\- n-em-°m≥ At±-l-
Øn\p Ign-n-cp-∂p. tIc-fh¿Ωbpw
dmWnbpw IqSn alm-cm-
Pm-hns\ hoW hmbn®p tIƒ∏n-°p-
I-bpw, Nne-t∏mƒ ]mSp-Ibpw
sNbvXp-h-∂p. kwKo-X-c-kn-I-\mb
alm-cm-Pmhpw Aßn-s\-bp≈
kμ¿`-ß-fn¬ ]mSp-∂-Xnt\m
kwKo-tXm-]-I-c-W-߃ {]tbm-Knbv°p-∂-Xnt\mD’p-I-\m-Im-dp-≠mbn-cp-∂p.
A{X am{Xw lm¿±-amb
_‘-am-bn-cp∂p A°m-eØv Ah¿
XΩn¬ D≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xv.
(Xp-S-cpw)
A{]-Z£nWw
Hcp hy‡n acn-®p-I-gn-m¬ ]p√pw aÆpw hncn®v AXn¬ InS-Øp-at√m.
XpS¿∂p \S-Øp∂ BZ-cm-RvPen {]Z-£n-W-ambn thW-tam, A{]-Zn-£-
W-ambn thWtam?
km[m-cW ImWp-∂Xv CS-Xp-h-iØpIqSn, arX-tZ-lsØ hew hbv°p-
I-bm-Wv. F∂m¬ he-Xp-h-i-Øp-IqSn CS-tØm´v {]Z-£n-W-ambn t]mIp-∂-
XmWv icn F∂v Nq≠n ImWn-°-s∏-Sp-∂p.
acn-®p-I-gn-p≈ {Inbm-Zn-I-sf√mw CS-Xp-`m-K-Øn\v {]m[m\yw \evIns°m-≠p-≈-Xm-Wv.
arX-tZlw InS-Øn-bn-´p≈ tKmhWn FSp-°p-∂Xv CS-tØm´v
Xncn-m-Wv. kwkvImcÿeØv FØn-®m¬ ]´-S-bpsS he-Øp-`m-K-ØmWv
arX-tZlw hbv°p-I. ]´-S-bn-te°p hbv°p-∂Xv CStØm´m-bncn°pw. arXtZlw
NnX-bn¬ h®p Ign-m¬ I¿Ωn-Iƒ A{]-Zn-£n-W-am-bn-´mWv {Inb-Iƒ
\S-Øp-I. sh≈w \nd-® a¨Ip-S-hp-ambn A{]-Z-£n-W-ambn h∂v, IpSw ]ndtIm-´mWv
Fdn-bp-∂-Xv.
kwkvIm-cm-Zn-{In-b-I-fn¬ am{X-a-√, k‘ym-h-μ-\-th-f-bn-ep≈ ]nXr-X¿∏-
W-Ønepw ]qWq¬ CSØv C´n-´mWv sNøp-∂-Xv. F√mw hn]-co-Xw.
At∏mƒ arX-tZ-lsØ A{]-Z£nWw sIm≠p BZ-cn-bv°p-I-bt√
th≠Xv?
Hcp hmb-\-°m-c≥
£m{X-k-tμiw 2008 Pqsse ˛ sk]v‰w-]-_¿ 18

kvac-Wm-RvPen
t\]m-fn-emWv epw_n\n.
kn≤m¿∞-cm-P-Ip-am-cs‚ P∑ÿew.
AhnsS {]k-hn®p hoWbp-S≥
Fgp-t∂‰p GgSn Nph-Sp-h®
Ah-Xm-csØ a\p-jy-P-∑-Øns‚
s]mcpƒ tXSp∂ B¿°p-ap-≠m-
Ip∂ Akz-ÿ-Xbv°v cq]-`mhw
\¬Ip∂ IÆp-I-fp-ambn aIs\
ImØn-cn-°p∂ AΩ-bpsS Aº-eap≠v.
B Aº-e-ap-‰Øv F∂pw
cmhnse ]Øp aWn-tbmsS ]q°fw
t]mse \nc-Øp∂ \qdp a¨sN-cm-
Xp-I-fn¬ Zo]w sXfnbpw. sXm´-
SpØv t_m[n-hr-£-amWv. Xo¿∞-
°p-fhpw. \mw GIm-{K-cmbn ImØncp-∂m¬
aXn. Pohn-X-Øn¬ C\n-bptasd
sNøm≥ _m°n-bn-cp∂ a\p-Iƒ
AhnsS `uXn-I-cq]w
{]m]n®v \ΩpsS ASp-sØØpw.
\ap-°-hsc kv]¿in°mw. aW
°mw. Ah-cpsS hm°p-Iƒ tIƒ
°mw. ]t©-{μn-b-߃°v ]pXnb
A\p-`qXn.
Ah¿ A\-¥-amb bm{X-bnemWv.
CS-bvs°mcp Xmhfw.
]Øp h¿jw apºv cm[bpw
Rm\pw AhnsS A\n-b-s\-°≠p.
At∂bv°v Fs‚ A\n-b≥,
tk\≥, \m¬∏-sØ´mw hb- n¬
s]s´∂v acn-®n´v ]{¥≠p sIm√w
Ign-n-cp∂p. R߃ kvt\l-
Øns‚ Hcp I\-an-√mØ s]mXnt®mdv
sImSpØp. bm{Xbv-°n-S-bn¬
hni°p-tºmƒ Ign-°m≥. A\n-b≥
]dp. aXn, tN®o, tN´m.
Rm≥ a[p-hns\ tXSp-IbmWv.
a[p-hns‚ XnI®pw BIkvan-I-amb
ac-W-Øn\v Xte-Zn-hkw
Rm≥ Xncp-h-\-¥-]p-c-Øp-≠m-bncp∂p.
Hcp ao‰nw-Kn\p h∂-XmWv.
Xºm-\qcv ssN{Xw tlm´-en¬
19
2008 Pqsse ˛ sk]v‰w-_¿
k∂n-[m\w
a[p-hn\v Hcp ]mtYbw
sI.F¬. taml-\-h¿Ω
Xmakw. cmhnse F´p aWn°v
]Xn-hp-t]mse A\n-b≥ {ioIrjvW-Zm-kns\
hnfn®p. ]Xn-s\m-∂pa-Wn-°mWv
ao‰nwKv. Hmtcm Xncp-h-
\-¥-]pcw hc-hnepw A\n-b-s\-°q-
SmsX Hmtcm ASp-∏-ap-≈-h-sc-°qSn
hnfn°pw. shdpsX. CØ-hW a[p-
hns\ BIs´. hnfn®p. Zm, R߃
Atßm´p hcmw F∂p a[p
]dp. ka-b-an√ F∂p kqNn-∏n-
®n´pw hI-h-bv°msX Zm, Hº-Xn\v
FØp∂p F∂p ]dv a[p
t^m¨ h®p. Rm≥ Xmtg°p
t]mbn Hº-Xp-aWn Ign--t∏mgmWv
apdn-bn-te°p h∂Xv. en^v‰n-
\-Sp-sØ-Øn-b-t∏mƒ dnk-]vj-
WnÃv BwKyw Im´n. Fs∂ tXSn
c≠p t]¿ apI-fn-te°p t]mbn-
´p≠v F∂v.
apdn-bpsS ap∂n¬ a[phpw
{iotZ-hnbpw.
a[p ]dp.
kabw. taml-\≥ tN´m,
AsXmt∂ Pohn-X-Øn¬ \jvS-s∏-
´m¬ \ap°p Xncn®p In´m-Ø-
Xp≈p. AXp-sIm≠v Rm≥
Ft∏mgpw ssSw Io∏p sNøpw.
ssSw H´pw \jvS-s∏-Sp-
ØmsX Rm≥ Ahsc Xmsg
sdtÃm-d‚n¬ Iq´n-sIm≠p t]mbn
H∂n®p s{_°v^mÃv Ign®p. H∂c
aWn-°q¿ IY-Iƒ ]dp. ]n Un
F∂p Rm≥ Hma-\-t∏-cn-´n-cn-°p∂
]c-Zq-jWw, taml-߃, taml
-`w-K-߃. C\n sNøm-\n-cn-°p∂
A\-h[n Imcy-߃. kmlnXyw,
cmjv{Sobw. Ft¥m ]dp
Xo¿°m≥ Bth-i-s∏-Sp-∂-Xpt]mse.
CSbv°v sk¬t^m¨
hmZy-Øns‚ Cuc-Sn-Iƒ ]mSn.
Rm≥ Fs‚ t^msW-SpØp.
{iotZhn a[p-hn-s‚bpw. c≠ns‚bpw
dnwKv tSm¨ H∂m-bn-cp∂p.
Xosc bmZr-—n-I-a√ Cu \nanØw
Fs∂-\n°p tXm∂n.
a[p-hns\ Rm≥ BZy-ambn
]cn-N-b-s∏-´Xv Fgp-]-tØ-gn-emWv.
Rm≥ C∂v apJy-]-{Xm-[n-]-cmbn
Ccn-°p∂ ho£-W-Øns‚ B^okn¬
]p\-Øn¬ Ip-_vZp-≈-bpsam-∏-am-bn-cp∂p
AXv. Aev]w
e÷ ]uU-dn´ apJ-Im-¥n-bp≈
kpap-J≥. ho£-W-Øn¬ k_v
FUn-‰-dmWv. A∂v h¿Ω-b√. a[p
aRvPp-fm-ebw. _‘w hnh-cn®p.
\Ωƒ £{Xn-b-sc√mw ]dp hcptºmƒ
_‘p-°-fm-Wt√m.
C∂se tImgn-t°m´p h®v ]p\-Ønep-ambn
kwkm-cn-°th ap∏Xp
h¿jw apºp \S∂ C°Y Hm¿Ωn-
∏n®p.
]p\-Øn¬ ]dp.
Ah\pw \Ωsf Hmh¿tS°p
sNbvXp. At√? anSp-°≥.
a[p-hn\v Rm≥ {]nb-s∏´
aqØ tPyjvT-\mbn. {iotZ-hn-bp-ambp≈
hnhmlw apX¬ a[p-hns‚
Pohn-X-Ønse \n¿Æm-b-I-amb
kμ¿`-ß-fn-se√mw Rm≥ Imc-W-
£m{X-k-tμiw

h-cmbn. IY-sb-gp-Ønepw, aI-fpsS
hnhm-l-ap-lq¿Ø-Ønepw F√mw.
]t£ ]Øn-cp-]Xp h¿j-Øn-\n-Sbn¬
C{X-t\cw R߃ Hcp-an®v
Ccn-°m\pw kwkm-cn-°m\pw kmh-
Imiw In´n-bn-cp-∂n√. IY-Iƒ
XocmsX ]Xn-s\m∂p aWn°v
Aev]w apºv Fs∂ sk{I-´-dn-b-
‰n\p ap∂n¬ {]kw-K-th-Zn-bn¬ hn´v
a[p t]mbn. Imdn¬ \n∂n-d-ßn-bt∏mƒ
{iotZhn ap≥ko-‰n¬ Ib-dnb-t∏mƒ
a[p ]dp. hfsc
XmwIvkv, taml-\≥ tN´m. Rm≥
tNmZn®p. F¥n\v? a[p adp-]Sn
Nncn-bn¬ s]mXnp \¬In. F√m-
‰n\pw.
ASpØ Znhkw cmhnse
a[p-hn\v ssSw sImSp-°msX
At∏m-b‚ vsa‚n-√msX hcp∂ B
GI AXnYn a[p-hns\ Iq´n-s°m-
≠p-t]mbn. Fs∂-t∂-°p-ambn.
B¿Øn-tbmsS ImØn-cp∂
ssX°mSv ivaim-\-Ønse ]gpØ
XoPzm-e-Iƒ a[p-hns‚ `uXn-Ii-co-csØ
Bhm-ln®v kz¥-am-
°nb Zriyw GtXm kv]n¬s_¿Kv
kn\n-a-bpsS `mK-amtb F\n°p
tXm∂n-bp≈p. A∂-hnsS IqSnb
\qdp IW-°n\v kvt\ln-Xcpw,
_‘p-°fpw AXn-\p-tijw an°hmdpw
F∂pw Fs∂-°m-Wp∂
kmlnXy IemcwK-sØbpw ]{Xam-≤y-a-ß-fn-sebpwcmjv{So-b-Ønsebpw
kplr-Øp-°fpw Nc-a-°pdn-∏p-I-fnseHu]-Nm-cn-I-X-bn-eq-sSb√,
a[p-hn-s\-°p-dn®v Hm¿Ω-Iƒ
]n-´n-cp-∂Xv F∂Xv XnI®pw
Akm-[m-c-W-amb A\p-`-h-am-bncp∂p.
B Hm¿Ω-Iƒ°v Poh-\p≠v.
Fs‚ sk¬t^mWnse dnwKvtSm¨
Fs∂ AXv Ft∏mgpw Hm¿Ωn-∏n-
°p-∂p-ap≠v.
a[p-hn-t\mSv Rm≥ cl-kyambn
]d-n-´p≠v.
\ap°v C\n epw_n-\n-bn¬
h®p ImWmw. GXp Xe-Øn-embmepw.
BSn-amkw t]mbt√m
BhWn amkw h∂t√m
amtem-I¿°pw amtfm¿°pw
HmWw h∂t√m ˛ kaXz kpμc
HmWw h∂-t√m˛
BSnbn-cp´p \oßs´
Bh-Wn-sh´w hois´
A\-iz-c-KoXw ]mSm-\mbv
a\p-jy-kvt\-ln-Iƒ IqS-s´.
GI `mh\
F≥. cpKvanWn-`m-bn, hmc-\mSv
(B-Sn...)
F√m aXhpw tLmjn°pw
amthen a∂s\ FXn-tc-ev°-\m≥
]qhpw Xme-hp-ta¥o \Ωƒ
]qhn-dp-°m≥ t]mIp-t∂˛ R߃
]qhn-dp-°m≥ t]mIp-t∂.
(B-Sn...)
Ime-tZmjw h∂mepw
HmW-∏m-´n\p Ipd-hnt√
BSn-∏mSn tLmjn°pw
tIc-f-k-¥-Xn-Iƒ
(BSn...)
HmWw \mepw h∂-t∏mƒ
tXßpw a\- p-I-fn-√t√m
D≈n¬ \ndbpw kvt\l-hp-ambv
_‘-aq´n Dd- -∏nt® ˛ \Ωƒ
_‘-aq´n Dd-∏nt®
(B-Sn...)
hmgvØp \ΩpsS am_-ensb
XmgvØm≥ h∂ hma-s\bpw
]q°- -f-an´p ]p©n-cn-XqIn
s\bvØncn IØn-t®... R߃
s\bvØncn IØnt®
(B-Sn...)
kXyw sNbvsXmcp am_-enbpw
[¿Ωw t\m°m≥ h∂nt√
{]P-I-fp-sam-cp-an-®qWp Ign-°m≥
HmWw \mfn¬ h∂nt√
(B-Sn...)
IhnX
CjvSw tXm∂nb am_-ensb
IjvS-∏m-Sp-Iƒ \o°o´pw
arjvS-t`m-P\ taIm-\mbv
XpjvS-tØm-sS-bn-cp-∂nt√
(B-Sn...)
GI-`m-h-\-tbmsS \mw
ImØn-cp-s∂mcp Ime-Sn-Iƒ
C\nbpw hc-W-ao-h-gn\o
ssZh-Øns‚ \m´n¬ \o
(B-Sn...)
]p√mwIpg-en¬ CuW-hp-ambv
]√hn ]mSn \n∂nt√
a∂s\ t\m°n ssIIq-∏m≥
A∂∏m-en≥ Aar-tX-Im≥
(B-Sn...)
a\pjy_‘-ap-d-∏n-°m≥
a\- n-sem-Øncn taml-hp-ambv
\Zw \nem-hn¬ tN¿∂nt√
tIc-f-a-°ƒ \msa√mw
(B-Sn)
a\- n-ep-’-h-am-Is´
]e-hn[ tIfn-I-fm-Ss´
a\p-jy-kvt\-l-aq´n hf¿Øm≥
HmWw h\t∂ms´ ˛ \ΩpsS
HmWw ht∂m-s´.
(B-Sn...)
Bfl-ho-cy-ap-Zn-°s´
cmK-tZz-j- -hp-a-W-bs´
HmW-∏q-Øncn IØn®pw
HmW-∏m-´pIƒ ]mS-s´.
lrØm-bn´pw hmSn-I-fn¬
kØm-boSpw Nn¥-I-fm¬
t{Zmln-°msX IqSp-I\mw
HmW-Øn-cp-\m-fn¬ ˛ Xncp˛
thmW-Øn-cp-\m-fn¬
(B-Sn...)
£m{X-k-tμiw 2008 Pqsse ˛ sk]v‰w-]-_¿ 20

Xe-°p-t\sc apI-fn¬
ao≥ ]nSn-°p∂ henb he h∂p
hoW-t∏mƒ A£-cm¿∞-Øn¬
sR´n-t∏mbn. \me©v FIvsskkp-Imcpw
Ft∂m-sSm∏w hebv°p
≈n-embn. C\n Hcp sdbn-Un\v hcm-
Xn-cn-°m≥ D≈ `oj-Wn-s∏-Sp-ØemImw.
AX-s√-n¬ AXn-en´v
izmkwap´n-°m-\m-bn-cn°mw. ASp-
Ø-Sp-Øp≈ IpSn-ep-I-fnepw shfn-
{]-tZ-i-ß-fnepw H´-\-h[n ASp-∏p-
I-fpsS apI-fn¬ hm‰p-]-I-c-W-߃
LSn-∏n®v h≥tXm-Xn¬ Nmcmbw
hm‰v \S-°p-I-bmWv. Bsc t]Sn-
°Ww? h¿j-߃°v apºv \S∂
Hcp kwL-´-\-Øn-\p-tijw Cu
`mKØv FIvssk-kvIm-cpsS
sdbntU C√.
IS¬Øoc-amWv. Imtdm a‰p
hml-\-ßtfm sNs∂-Øp-I-bn√.
Atßm´p IS-°m≥ hfsc CSpßnb
Hcp ]mew am{X-ta-bp≈p.
hm≥ tdmUn¬ \n¿Øn GI-tZiw
250 ao‰-sd-nepw HmSn-thWw hm‰v
tI{μ-Øn¬ FØm≥. sXm≠n
km[-\-ß-fmb Nmcmbw, tImS,
hm‰v D]-I-c-W-߃ apX-em-b-h-tbmsSm∏w
{]Xnsb ]nSn-s®-ntem
FXn¿∏n-√msX Iog-Sßpw.
Nmcmbw hm‰n-sIm-≠n-cp∂
Hcmƒ Rßsf I≠v F√mw X√ns∏m-´n®v
HmSn-b-t∏mƒ ]pdtI
Rm\pw hn´p. heXp Iøn¬ \o´n
]nSn® 303 ssd^nfpw CS-Xp-I-øn¬
k¥-X-k-l-Nm-cn-bmb hSnbpw.
IS-∏p-dØp aW-en¬ IqSn-bp≈
Fs‚ Hm´-Øn\v thK-X-t]m-sc∂p
tXm∂n. IS-∏p-dØp Pohn-°p∂
Bfns‚ ]pd-tI-bmWv Fs‚ Hm´w
Ft∂m ¿°Ww. CXn-s\-√m-‰n\pw
]pdta Im°n DSp-∏ns‚ t]m°-‰n¬
5 shSn-bp-≠-Ifpw kq£n-®n-´p≠v.
21
2008 Pqsse ˛ sk]v‰w-_¿
FIvsskknse Hm¿ΩIƒ
k∂n-[m\w
5 ‰n.B¿. cmah¿ΩcmP
ssd^n fpw du≠vkpw Rm≥
sdbnUv ka-bØv Ãm^ns\
G¬∏n-°m-dn√. Ahn-Nm-cn-X-amtbm,
A{i-≤-aq-etam Ah¿ Zpcp-]-tbm-Ks∏-Sp-Øn-bmepw
tIkn¬ Rm≥
H∂mw {]Xn-bmIpw. kzImcy ]cm-
Xn-bmtb Rß-fpsS tIkp-Iƒ
tImSXn kzoI-cn°q. kzc-£-bv°pth≠n
shSn-sh-®-Xm-sW∂v sXfnbn-t°≠
_m[y-Xbpw Rß-fpsS
`mKØv. C°m-c-W-ß-sfm-s°-bmWv
Rm≥ Xs∂ Ah ssIhiw
sh°p-∂Xv. sIm≠p-\-S-°m-\p≈
Aku-Icyw ImcWw _b-W‰v
sIm≠p \S-°m-dp-an√. HmSn HmSn
Rm≥ {]Xnsb ]nSn-Iq-Sn-b-t∏mtg°pw
R߃ adnp hoWp.
At∏m-gmWv ssd^n-fns‚ "_´v'
sIm≠v {]Xn-bpsS aq°v apdn-Xv.
aq°n¬ \n∂v aSm aSm hcp∂ tNmc
I≠v Rm≥ `b-∂p-t]mbn. Ahn-Nmcn-X-ambn
]‰n-b-Xm-sW∂pw hnj-aap-s≠∂pw
XSn®p IqSnb Bfp-ItfmSv
]d-Xv Ah¿°v kzoIm-cyambn,
{]Xn°pw. F∂mepw P\w
hn´n√. he Rß-fpsS ta¬ hoin-
°-gn-n-cp∂p.
Imbn-I-ti-jn-bp≈ ao≥
]nSn-Ø-°m-cmWv he ASp-∏n-°p-
∂Xv. Fßs\ c£-s]-Sp-sa∂v
hnj-an-®n-cn-°p-tºm-gmWv Km¿Uv
kpIp-am-c≥ \mb¿ Fs‚ Iøn¬
\n∂v ssd^nƒ X´n-∏-dn-®Xv. Rm≥
Iø-b-®p-sIm-SpØp. th≠n-h-∂m¬
shSn-sh-®m¬ am{Xta ChnsS \n∂v
c£-s]-Sm-\mIp. kpIp-am-c≥ \mb¿
]dp. 6 ASn-°p-ta¬ s]m°ap≈
kpIp-am-c≥ \mb-cpsS sI´pw
a´pw I≠m¬ ]d-bp-∂-Xp-t]mse
Xs∂ {]h¿Øn°pw Fs∂-\n°v
tXm∂n. t]m°-‰n¬ \n∂v du≠vkv
FSpØv Rm≥ Abmsf G¬]n®p.
ssd^nƒ temUv sNbvXv ssIIfn-te¥n
apt∂m-´mv Abmƒ
Aedn ""he \o°v As√-n¬ shSnsh°pw.
Poh-\m-i-Øn\v R߃
DØ-c-hm-Zn-I-fp-a√''. Im©n-h-en-°p-
∂Xp hy-‡-ambn I≠ a√-am¿ he-
\o°n. R߃ ]pd-Øp-h∂p.
At∏m-gp≠v Aßp- sX-°p-
`m-K-Ømbn Hcp h≥ _lfw
tIƒ°mw. R߃ Atßm-t´mSn.
AhnsS c≠v FIvssk-kp-Im¿
Hcp kv{Xosb ]nSn®p\n¿Øn-bn-cn-
°p∂p. Np‰pw Hcp Iq´w Bfp-Iƒ.
Imcyw At\z-jn®v ASp-Øp-sN-∂t∏mƒ
B kv{Xo ]d-bp-I-bmWv
""Fs∂ sXmSm≥ Ch¿s°¥[n-
Imcw? Gam\v A[n-Imcw D≠v''
F∂p ]dv amdn¬ Pm°-‰n-\-Snbn¬
XmgvØn-sh-®n-cp∂ Nmcmbw
\nd® aq∂p-\mep Nmcmb°p∏n-Iƒ
]pd-sØ-SpØv Fs∂ G¬∏n®p.
]mhw [cn®p sh®n-cn-°p-∂Xv
C≥kvs]-IvS¿°p am{Xta Nmcmbw
]nSn-°m≥ A[n-Imcw D≈p
F∂mWv.
henb Ipg-∏-߃°v CS
sImSp-°msX aq∂mev tIkp-Iƒ
cPn-ÿ sNbvXv sXm≠n km[-\ßfpw
{]Xn-I-fp-ambn ]mew IS∂v
tdmUn¬ FØn h≠n-bn¬ Ibdn.
h≠n hn´-Xn-\p-ti-j-amWv izmkw
t\sc hoWXv. {]Xn-I-sfbpw
sXm≠n-km-[-\-ßfpw Aa-c-hnf
dbn©v Hm^o-kn¬ G¬]n®v Xncph-\-¥-]p-c-tØ°p
Xncn®p t]mcptºmƒ
Un∏m¿´p-sa‚nse s]Sm
s∏-Sev Imcy-ambn Hm¿Øp-t]mbn.
At∏mƒ Rm≥ Xncp-h-\-¥-]pcw
^vfbnwKv kvIzmUv C≥kvs]-IvS¿.
h¿jw 1964. ÿew s]mgn-bq¿.
(XpScpw)
£m{X-k-tμiw

ag-°mew
ip`-cm{Xn
22

IhnX
ag-°mew
ag-ta-L-°o-dp-Iƒ am\Øp I≠p-a-d-∂oe
ag-bpsSbmchw tI´p aXn-bm-b-Xp-an√
ag-Øp-≈n-Iƒ Xmsg-∏-Xn-°p-∂XoW-Øn¬
hogp∂p ]mdp∂p taem-sI-Øp-ºn-Iƒ!
Xp≈n-bvs°mcpIpS-sa∂t]men-‰p∂p
sh≈-Øp-≈n-Iƒ ]fp-p-a-Wn-Iƒ t]mesh
sh≈-sam-gp-Ip∂p ssItØm-Smbv, Ipf-am-bv,
XSm-I-ambv
sh≈n-a-Wn-®n-e-ºp-I-fn-Sp-hn-°p∂nXp¿Δnsb
ag-∏q-hp-Iƒ hncn-bp∂p aμ-ambv
kpK‘w s]mgn-°p∂p lrZy-ambv
ag-°m-‰p-Iƒ hoip∂p cmK-Øn¬
ag-°me kwKoX ktΩml km{μ-ambv
ag-sh-≈-∏m-®n-en¬®-hp-´n-°-fn-°p-hm≥
IpS-Nq-Sn-∏mbpw InSm-߃°p-’m-l-ambv
ag-∏\n h∂pt]mw `oXn ]q≠-Ω-am¿
tIgp∂p "a°tf Acp-sX'∂p hne-°p-∂p.
hb-teXp Ipf-ta-sX-∂-dn-bp-hm≥ Ign-boe
]mShpw ]dºpw Ipf-hp-sam-∂mbv®antX
ag-sh-≈-°p-gn-Iƒ NXn-°p-gn-I-fmbv amdth
ag Xs‚ hnIr-Xnsb∏gn-°p∂p ]g-a-°m¿
Xmf-\n-_Zv[ambvs∏øpw ag-bnXp
h¿Æ hf-s∏m-´p-Iƒ kq£n-°p-sa≥ lrØn¬
kpμ-c-kz-]v\-߃ s\bvsX-Sp-Øo-Sp∂
kpμ-cn-bmWo ag-°m-e-sa-s∏mgpw
s]msIm-√-t]m-sIm√boa-g-°m-eta
]pXp-ag h¿jn®p [\y-bm-bvØo-cpI
Poh-Pm-e-߃°-arXp ]I¿∂p \o
Pohs‚ Poh-\mbvs∏bvXn-d-ßo-SpI!
efnX sI.-h¿Ω
]nem-Ød
ip`-cm{Xn IhnX
sN¥m-a-cm` sNmcnbpw ]I-en-t\m˛
S¥n-a-bm-{Xbpw sNm√n
AkvX-a-\m¿°,-\m-\o-emw-_p-[n-]qIn
hnkvX-cn-s®m∂p Ipfn-°m≥
thK-samcpßn{]-Ir-Xn, cP-\n°p
kzmK-X-tam-Xp-hm-\mbn
A¿Æhw X∂-e-®m¿Øn-\m¬ k‘ybv°p
sh¨apØp-am-e-Iƒ Nm¿Øn
s\©p-a-b-°p∂hÆw Ipbn-ep-Iƒ
]©-a-cm-K-Øn¬ ]mSn
aμm-\n-e≥ Xs‚ ]p√m-p-g-en-\m¬
awK-√y-kw-KoXw aqfn
tNen¬ Infn-Iƒ X≥ ImI-f-Iq-P-\˛
Ømte-bp-eIw Ipfn¿Øp.
]®-°p-S-I-fp-b¿Øn-Ø-cp-\nc
sa®-Øn-e-ßs\ \n∂p
sh¨Nm-a-c-߃ t]m¬ Im‰mSnhr£-߃
hnÆnt\ t\m°n-bp-e-p.
kpμ-c-ku-c`y-kq-\-e-Xm-Zn-bm¬
l¥, hn`qjnXbmbn
_‘p-c-Im-¥n-I-e¿∂p-hn-e-kn lm
kpμ-cn-bmfmw {]Ir-Xn.
k‘ym-h-[q Sn X∂m-\\w {hof-bm¬
N¥w Nph∂p XpSpØp
h¿Æm-`-bm¿∂p hnekpw kpc-ayamw
kz¿Æ-Ø-In-Sn\p Np‰pw
IÆp-a-b°pw a[p-c-a-t\m-l-c˛
h¿tÆm-÷z-e-ß-fmbv an∂pw
FÆ-a-‰p≈ kph¿Æ-a-Wn-I-fm¬
Xp∂n-hn-Nn-{X-ambv s\bvX
\oe-\n-em-hns‚ Im¥n-I-ecpw X≥
\oemw-_-c-an-sß-dnv
HmSn-sbm-fn-s®mcp k‘ysbbsßßpw
tXSn-\-S∂p \nemhpw
\oe-\n-em-hns‚ \qeng Nmen®
tNsegpw tNe [cn®v
aμ-a-W cP-\n°p kzmK-X˛
a{¥-W-tamXo {]IrXn
]mcn¬hn-im-eamw ]qa-e¿hm-Sn-bn¬
]mcw {]`m-]q-cw-XqIn
kw{`m-¥-t\-{X-bmbv ]q¿tÆ-μp-th-K-Øn˛
ew_-c-at≤y Kan-®p.
A -ho-bp-Kva߃ \nkzm¿∞ NnØ-cmbv
kss zck-√m]w sNbvXp
]mc-a-kq-bm-hn-h-i-cm-bn-°mgvN
Xmc-I-sfm-s°bpw t\m°n.
h’emchn-h¿Ω
£m{X-k-tμiw 2008 Pqsse ˛ sk]v‰w-]-_¿ 22

s\mÃm¬Pnb
F√m {Kma-ßfpw kq£va-ambn
ho£n-®m¬ kmZr-iy-ap-≈-h-bm-Wv.
\m´n≥]p-d-Øns‚ D≈n-eqsS Np‰n-
Øn-cnv t]mIp∂ {Kma-]m-Xbpw
{Kma-Øns‚ GI-tZiw a≤y-`m-K-
Ømbn ÿnXn sNøp∂ t£
{Xhpw Aº-e-°p-fhpw B¬Ø
dbpw hb-te-e-I-fpw sXßn≥
tXm∏p-Ifpw kvt\lhpw \njv°-f-
-Xbpw ssIap-X-em-bp≈ Ipd®p
{Kmao-Wcpw a\p-jy-tcmfw Xs∂
{]m[m-\y-ap≈ Ipd®p hf¿Øp-ar-
K-ßfpw F√mw tNcp-tºmƒ Hcp
sIm®p {Kma-ambn. {Kma-߃°p
s]mXpsh Hcp imeo-\-Xbpw im¥-
X-bp-am-Wv. \mK-cn-I-cpsS Hcn-°epw
Ah-km-\n-°mØ Xnc-°p-Ifpw
\mSy-ßfpw {Kmao-W-cn¬ Hcn-°epw
ImWm≥ km[n-°p-I-bn-√. Aº-e-
°p-f-Øn¬ Ipfn-°m≥ hcp-∂-hcpw
B¬Ø-d-bn¬ shSn ]d-n-cn-°p-
∂-hcpw {Kma-Øn-eqsS AXy-]q¿Δambn
am{Xw IS-∂p-t]m-Ip∂
_ n\p th≠n aWn-°q-dp-I-tfmfw
ImØp-\n¬°p-∂-hcpw Hcn-°epw
A£a ImWn-°m-dn√-. Ah¿°v
Hcp Znhkw Hcp tPmen F∂-XmWp
IW-°v. B tPmen Ign-m¬
]n∂o-Sp≈ kabw Aº-e-∏-d-
ºntem ]oSn-I-bpsS ap≥]ntem
sNe-h-gn-°m≥ Ah¿ kt¥m-jtØmsS
Xocp-am-\n-°pw.
Xt±-iob P¿Ω≥ I¿jI
sXmgn-em-fn-bmWp amWn-°≥.
F\n°p GI-tZiw ]Øp hb- p-
≈-t∏mƒ apX¬ Fs‚ Xd-hm-´nse
\nXy kμ¿i-I-\m-Wv. A∂p amWn-
23
2008 Pqsse ˛ sk]v‰w-_¿
Fs‚ {Kmaw ˛ 4
amWn-°≥
sI. lcn-IrjvW h¿Ω
°\p Ccp-]Xp hb v {]mbw D≠m-
Ipw. GXp tPmen°pw Ah≥
ap≥]n-em-Wv. AXp-sIm-≠p-Xs∂
Fs‚ A—\p amWn-°s\ henb
CjvS-hp-am-bn-cp-∂p. an°-hmdpw
F√m Znh-khpw ImeØp Rm≥
Rß-fpsS sXt° ap‰Øp \n∂pw
sXt°m´p t\m°p-tºmƒ RßfpsS
]mS-ti-J-c-Øns‚ sXt°
A‰Øp amWn-°≥ {]Xy-£-s∏-Spw.
temI-Øp≈ F√m ka-bhpw
FSpØv aμw aμw hc-ºn-eq-sSbpw
]mSØp IqSnbpw \S∂p sXt°
ap‰-Øp≈ s\√n-a-c-®p-h-´n-seØn
\n¬°pw. ap‰Øp h∂p A®s\
I≠p Ign-m¬ A∂sØ amWn-
°s‚ tPmen Xocp-am-\n-°-s∏-Spw.
]ns∂ ]√p-tX∏p apX¬ A∂sØ
`£-W-sa√mw Ahn-sS-Ø-s∂-bm-
Wv. `£Ww kp`n-£-am-sW-nepw
Iqen H∂p ]nSnt® A—≥ sImSp-
°q. Ah[n Znh-k-ß-fn¬ Rm≥
an°-hmdpw amWn-°s‚ IqsS
Xs∂ Bbn-cn-°pw. \m´nse F√m
hm¿Ø-Ifpw kc-k-ambn h¿Æn-°p-
∂-Xn¬ amWn-°s‚ hncpXv A]mc-am-Wv.
s]mSn∏pw sXmßepw
sh®p Hcp sNdnb kw`hw Hcp
sNdp-I-Y-tb-°mƒ at\m-l-c-am-
°pw. ]cn-lm-k-amWp apJ-ap-{Z.
thsdmcp I¿jI sXmgn-emfn
IpSpw-_-amWp tKm]m-es‚bpw
Kucn-bp-sSbpw. sshIp-t∂-c-ßfnse
hoc-`-{Z-tk-h°p tijw
tKm]m-e≥ ho´n-se-Øn-bm¬ Ch¿
XΩn¬ Hcp hg°p ]Xn-hm-Wv.
"tKm]m-eI ]mlnamw A\niw'
k∂n-[m\w
F∂ Io¿Ø-\sØ A\p-I-cn®p
amWn-°≥ ]mSpw ""tKm]m-e\pw
Kucnsb Acn-iw''. Xd-hm-´nse
s\√p-W-°p-∂-Xn\pw a‰pw ]mb-
Iƒ°p ]pdta \mep Xd-t∏mf
(Sm¿∏m-fn≥)-Ifpw tImhn-e-IØp
D≠m-Ipw. Ah-bpsS A‰-Ip-‰-∏-
Wn°v {]mb-amb Hcp ]Wn-°m-c≥
Hcp Znhkw h∂p. sXt° ap‰sØ
s\√n-a-c-Ø-W-en¬ Xd-t∏m-f-Iƒ
hncn®p Abmƒ ]Wn XpS-ßn. IpSn-
°m≥ Hcp henb ]m{X-Øn¬
Np°p-sh-≈hpw Hcp •m pw Rm≥
AhnsS sIm≠p h®p. B ka-b-
ØmWv amWn-°≥ AhnsS FØnb-Xv.
Xd-t∏mf]Wn-°m-c≥ amWn-°t\mSv
Np°p-sh-≈-Øns‚ KpW-
K-W-߃ hnh-cn-®p-Xp-S-ßn. Ipsd
t\cw CXp tI´n´p amWn-°≥
Np°p-sh≈w A∏msS FSpØv H‰ho¿∏n\v
IpSn-®p-Xo¿Øp. C{Xbpw
KpW-ß-fp≈ km[\w Hcp ]c-tZin
H‰°p IpSn-°p-∂Xp icn-b-s√∂
ASn-°p-dn-t∏m-sS. ]mSØp ]Wn°p
kv{Xo sXmgn-em-fn-I-fpsS ta¬t\m-
´hpw \nb-{¥-Whpw amWn-°-\m-Wv.
Fs‚ sNdn-b-—\pw s]≥j-\m-b-Xn-
\p-tijw Irjn-Im-cy-߃ t\m°nbn-cp-∂p.
sNdn-b-—s\ R߃
A]^v≥ F∂mWp hnfn-°m-dv.
]mSØp Rmdp-\-Stem If-]-dn-
°tem Hs° D≈ Znh-k-ß-fn¬
]Wn Ignp sshIp-t∂-c-am-bm¬
A]v^\pw amWn-°\pw IqSn N¿®
Bcw-`n-°pw. A∂sØ tPmen-IfpsS
Ah-tem-I-\hpw ASpØ ZnhksØ
tPmen-I-fpsS Xøm-sd-Sp-∏p-
£m{X-k-tμiw

I-fp-amWp N¿®-I-fpsS D≈-S-°w.
A]v^≥ tImhn-e-I-Øns‚
hSt° Cd-b-Øp≈ sImºp-]-Snbn¬
Ccn-°pw. amWn-°≥ ap‰Øp
aW-en-epw, A]v^\p Hcp {]tXy-I-
X-bp-≠v. Hmtcm hmNIw Ign-bptºmgpw
tNmZy-`m-h-Øn-sem∂p
aqfpw. t{imXmhv DØ-c-ambpw H∂p
aqf-Ww. Hcp Znhkw N¿® IqSp-
X¬ \o≠-t∏mƒ sshIn-´sØ
"Iem-]-cn-]m-Sn-'Iƒ°p XS w D≠m-
Ip-sa-∂p `b∂p amWn-°≥ Hcp
Im®p Im®n. ""thKw ]d X{ºm-t\,
aqfn aqfn A¿i- n-d-ßn''. N¿®
]nt‰-∂-tØ°p am‰n. amWn-°≥
Ipd-®-Ise Hcp {Kma-Ønse
as‰mcp P¿Ω≥ h\n-X-bp-ambn t{]a-
eLp-]m-NIw
ae¿]mhv
aecv ˛ aq∂p I∏v
Ahn¬ ˛ Ac I∏v
i¿°c ˛ Hcp D≠
tXß (Nn-c-hn-b-Xv) ˛ Hcp I∏v
ck-I-Z-fn-∏gw (Rm-en-∏q-h≥)
(sN-dp-Xmbn apdn®Xv ˛ H∂v
Ge°ms∏mSn ˛ kzmZn\v
s\øv ˛ H∂c
tS_nƒkv]q¨
]©-kmc ˛ Hcp tS_nƒ
kv]q¨
Xøm-dm-°p∂ hn[w
Ac k]q¨ s\søm-gn®v ]gw hc´n hbv°p-I.
tXßm anIvkn-bn¬ H∂-Sn-s®-Sp-°pI. Ac I∏v
sh≈-sam-gn®v i¿°c Dcp°n Acn-s®-Sp-°p-I. ]m\n
sNdp-Xo-bn¬ h®v Cf°n Ipdp-Ip-tºmƒ (Iq-Sp-X¬
apdp-I-cp-Xv) tXß-bn´v Hcp an\n´v Cf-°p-I. Ahnepw
ae-cpw, Ge-°m-s∏m-Snbpw, ]ghpw _m°n s\øpw
tN¿Øn-f°n tbmPn-∏n®v hmßp-I. ae¿]mhv Hcp
]c∂ ]m{X-Øn-te°v am‰n apI-fn¬ ]©-kmc hnXdn
Bdn-b-Xn-\p-tijw D]-tbm-Kn-°p-I.
Øn-em-bn. c‡-lm-c-Øns‚
Bƒ°m-cm-b-Xn-\m¬ kJm-°ƒ
hnhm-lm-tem-N-\-bp-ambn s]¨
ho´n-se-Øn N¿® sNbvXp. Ieym-
W-Øo-bXn Dd-∏n-®p. IqsS t]mbncp∂
amWn-°≥ kJm-°-tfmSp
]ndtI FØn-s°m-≈m-sa∂p
]dp aS-°n-bn´p Ahn-sS-Øs∂
Xßn. sshIn´v Hcp kn\na ImWms\∂p
]dp {]Xn-{ipX h[p-hns\bpw
Iq´n amWn-°≥ kz¥w
ho´n-te°p t]m∂p. cm{Xn sshIn
bph-Xnsb ImWmsX ho´p-Im¿
amWn-°s‚ ho´n-seØn-b-t∏mƒ
Ah≥ t]Sn®p Hfn-°m-\n-S-an-√msX
hoSns‚ Igp-t°m-en¬ Xqßn-°n-S-
∂p. hΔm-ens\ amXn-cn. hnh-c-adnp
Rm≥ tNmZn®p ""C{X t]Sn-
akme hS
bp-≈-h≥ F¥n-\mWp Cu
]Wn°p t]mbXv?'' amWn-°s‚
adp-]Sn Bbn-cp∂p ck-I-cw. ""Rm≥
t\m°n-b∏w Hc-øm-bncw cq]
Fnepw thWw Ieym-W-Øn-\v.
Aømbncw t]mbn´v Aq-sd-Sp-
°m≥ t]mepw hi-an-√. CXn-t∏mƒ
Ccp-]Xp cq]bv°p Imcyw \S-∂p.''
Hcm-Sns\ am{X-amWv kv{Xo[\w
In´n-b-sX∂p R߃ Ipsd-°mew
Ifn-bm-°n-bn-cp-∂p. amWn-°s‚
IY-Iƒ [mcm-f-ap-≠v. Hcp t]Pn-e-
[nIw Fgp-X-cp-sX∂p Ip´≥
tN´s‚ I¬∏\ D≈-Xn-\m¬
_m°n C\n Hcn-°¬.
\m´nse ""{]K-¤-\mb'' Hcp
sshZy-cpsS IY-bp-ambn ASp-Ø-e-
°-Øn¬ ho≠pw ImWmw.
imc-Zm-h¿Ω
hS-]-cn∏v ˛ Hcp I∏v
IS-e-∏-cn∏v ˛ Ac I∏v
khmf hepXv
(sN-dp-Xmbn Acn--Xv) ˛ H∂v
]®-ap-fIv (h´-Øn¬ \pdp-°n-bXv) ˛ c≠v
C©n (sImØn Acn--Xv) ˛ Ac Sokv]q¨
Ipcp-ap-fIv ˛ Hcp Sokv]q¨
]´ ˛ Hcp sNdnb
IjWw
{Kmºq -˛ c≠v
s]cpw-Po-cIw ˛ Hcp \p≈v
a√n-bne (sN-dp-Xmbn Acn--Xv)˛ c≠v
tS_nƒkv]q¨
Idn-th-∏ne (A-cn--Xv) ˛ Hcp
tS_nƒkv]q¨
sh≈w ˛ Bh-iy-Øn\v
]mN-I-FÆ ˛ hdp-°m≥
th≠Xv
D∏v ˛ ]mI-Øn\v
Xøm-dm-°p-∂-hn[w
hS-∏-cn-∏pw, IS-e-∏-cn∏pw IpXn¿Øv Ac-s®-Sp-°p-I.
aq∂m-asØ tNcp-h-Iƒ \∂mbn Ac-s®-SpØv c≠masØ
tNcp-h-Ifpw, a√n-bn-e, Idn-th-∏n-e, D∏v
Chsb√mw IqSn ]cn-∏n¬ tN¿Øv Ipg-s®-Sp-°p-I.
sNdnb Dcp-f-I-fm°n ssIsh-≈-bn¬ h®v Aa¿Øn
Xnf® FÆ-bn-en´v hdpØv tImcp-I. NqtSmsS D]-tbm-
Kn-°pI
£m{X-k-tμiw 2008 Pqsse ˛ sk]v‰w-]-_¿ 24

sNdp-IY
25
IpSn-sh≈w hcp-Ønb hn\
thº-\m-´p-Im-b-en\pw
Ad-_n-°-S-en-\p-an-Sbv°v ÿnXn
-sN-øp∂ AXn-a-t\m-l-c-amb Hcp
sIm®p-{Km-aw. AXns‚ ""em‚ v
am¿°v'' BWv tImbn-°¬ tImhne-Iw.
ap∂qdp sIm-√-Øn-tesd ]g-
°-ap≠v. A¥ pw B`n-Pm-Xyhpw
kºØpw \nd-n-cp∂ B tImhne-IsØ
Xºp-cm-°-∑m¿ Zm\hpw
Zbbpw hm’-eyhpw hmcn-t°mcn
sImSp-Øn-cp∂ Imew Ct∏mgpw
{Kma-hm-kn-I-fn¬ ]e¿°pw Hm¿Ωbp-≠v.
Ahn-SpsØ Ah-km-\-I-Ænbmb
e£van-tZ-hn-Ø-ºp-cm-´n,
`¿Øm-hmb hnjvWp-Zmkv `´-Xn-cnbpsS
ac-W-tijw t]c-°p-´n-I-fpsamØv
hntZ-i-tØ°v t]mbn´v
Imew Ipd-®m-bn.
h¿j-ß-fmbn tImhn-e-
IsØ Imcy-ÿ\pw B{in-X\pw
hgn-Im-´nbpw Bbn-cp∂ IrjvWhm-cn-bcpw
kl-[¿anWn \tß-en-
°p´n hmc-kymcpw am{X-amWv
Ct∏mƒ AhnsS D≈-Xv. Ah¿
Xma-kn-°p-∂Xv tImhn-e-I-Øns‚
ap≥h-i-Øp≈ ]Sn-∏p-c-bn-em-Wv.
hmcn-b¿ acn-®n´v Ct∏mƒ ]Øph¿j-am-bn.
Htc Hcp aI≥ Pb-
Ir-jvW-hm-cn-b¿ `mcy-ho-´n¬
Xmakw. Pe-tk-N-\-h-Ip-∏n¬
tPmen. CSbv°v hcpw.
IrjvW-hm-cn-b¿ Pohn-®n-cp∂
ImeØv `mcybpw `¿Ømhpw
tN¿∂v ]Sn-∏pc Nmbv]n¬ Hcp
]q°-Sbpw sNdnb coXn-bn-semcp
Nmb-°-Sbpw \S-Øn-bn-cp-∂p. Imew
amdn-b-t∏mƒ D]-Po-h-\-Øn\p
th≠n-bmWv. ]ns∂ BƒXm-a-kan-√mØ
tImhn-e-I-Øns‚ ap‰Øpw
]d-ºnepw Hcp A\-°-hpw -H-®-bp-
2008 Pqsse ˛ sk]v‰w-_¿
ssla-h-Xn-h¿Ω, tN¿Øe
sams° Bhp-a-t√m. ]q°-S-bn¬
henb sNe-shm-∂p-an-√. ]t£
Nmb-°-S-bn¬ \√ Xnc-°m-Wv.
CÕ-enbpw kmºmdpw Nmbbpw
am{Xw. \tß-enAΩ aqebv°v Hcp
Itk-c-bn-en-cp∂v IW°v t\m°n
ss]k hmßpw. ASp-°-f-bn¬
klm-bn-°m\pw kssπ sNøm\pw
Hcp ]ø≥ am{Xw. hmcy¿ F√m-
Øn\pw ta¬t\m-´w. ASp-Øp≈
ss{]adn kvIqfnse Ip´n-Ifpw
A≤ym-]-Icpw ]ns∂ {Kma-Ønse
GI Iº-\n-bn¬ tPmen sNøp∂
Ipd®v sNdp-∏-°m-cpw. F√m-h¿°pw
\√ aXn-∏v. Hcp cq]bv°v c≠v CÕenbpw
Nmbbpw FhnsS In´pw?
t]msc-n¬ CÕen c≠p hmßnbmepw
Ipkr-Xn-°p-´n-Iƒ kmºm¿
aq∂p-\mep XhW hmßn tImcn-°p-
Sn-°pw. hbdpw \nd-bpw. hmcy¿°pw
`mcybv°pw CXn¬ ]cm-Xn-sbm-∂pan-√.
IrjvWhmcn-b¿ acn-®-Xn¬
]ns∂ IS ]q´n. F√m-hcpw \n¿_-
‘n-s®-nepw H‰bv°v Nmb-°S \S-
Øm≥ \tß-en-AΩ Xøm-dm-bn-√.
]t£ C∂pw AhnsS Xnc-
°p-≠v. F¥n-s\t∂m? tImhn-e-
IsØ InW-‰n¬ \n∂v sh≈w
tImcm\pw IpSn-°m\pw hoSp-I-fnte°v
sIm≠p-t]m-Im-\pw˛ ho´p-Imsc-°mƒ
{]kn≤n B InW-dn-\m-
Wv. Icn-°n≥ sh≈-Øn-s\-°mƒ
sXfn-a-bpw kzmZpw D≈ sh≈w.
\√ XWp-∏v, ]cn-ip-≤n. F{X tImcnbmepw
Xocn-√. Hcn-°epw h‰n-bn-
´n-√. Bfp-Iƒ°v F{X- Ip-Sn-®mepw
aXn-h-cn-√. sIm´m-c-Øn¬ \n∂v
tImhn-eIw ]Wn-Xp-sIm-Sp-°p-∂-Xn-
\p-apºp Xs∂ B InW¿ AhnsS
k∂n-[m\w
D≠m-bn-cp-∂p-h-s{X.- \√ XmgvN-bp-
≠v. Nph-´n¬ henb henb Icn-¬
Nn∏n-Iƒ, Icn-°-´-Iƒ, ]ns∂
Fs¥m-s°-tbm. InW-‰n\p Np‰pap≈
aXn¬ Icn--√n¬ ]Wn-X-Xv.
I∏nbpw Ibdpw CSm≥ c≠p-Xq-
Wpw. Np‰pw sNdnb XnÆ-bpw.
F√mw Icn--√p-a-bw. sh≈w tImcptºmƒ
I∏n Dcp-f-p∂ i_vZw Zqschsc
tIƒ°mw.
AIse Xma-kn-°p∂-
_‘p-°ƒ F√m-hcpw {Kma-Ønse
`K-h-Xn-t£-{X-Ønse D’-h-Øn\v
FØpw. Hcmfpw tImhn-e-IsØ
InW-‰nse Hcp Ihnƒ sh≈w IpSn-
°msX aS-ßn-√. Zmlhpw
£oWhpw Xocpw. sXm≠-bn-eqsS
XWp∏v s\©nepw hb-dnepwhsc
]S-cpw. ico-c-Øn\pw a\- n\pw
Dt∑-jw. IS-bn¬ In´p∂ a[p-c-
]m-\o-b-ß-sf-°mƒ F{X alXzw!
Ah¿ AXn\v Hcp t]cp-an-´p. "amb-
In-W¿'. {Kma-Ønse h‰mØ \ocpdh
Bbn-cp∂p B amb-In-W¿.
Chn-sS-bmWv IY-bpsS Npcpf-gn-bp-∂-Xv.
\m´p-Im-cpsS Btcm-
Kyhpw Bbp pw Iq´m-\mbn
k¿°m¿ ]pXnb IpSn-sh≈
]≤Xn sIm≠p-h-∂p. im¥-kp-μ-camb
B {Kma-Ønepw AXns‚
Ae-b-Sn-Iƒ FØn. Iq‰≥ ss]∏p-
Iƒ, henb b{¥-h-≠n-Iƒ, sNhn-
°-√p-s]m-´p∂ H®bpw _l-f-hpw.
ss]∏v XmgvØm≥ aÆv Ipgn-®t∏mƒ
apX¬ XpSßn B {Kma-
Øns‚ IjvS-Im-ew. Ipf-ßfpw
InW-dp-Ifpw h‰n-Øp-S-ßn. F√mw
DW-ßn-h-c-≠p. ]®-∏-´p- ]pX-®n-cp∂
{Kmaw Icn-ºSw sIm≠v aqSn-b-Xpt]m-se-bm-bn.
hnebpw \nIp-Xnbpw
£m{X-k-tμiw

sImSpØv ka-bm-k-a-b-ß-fn¬
am{Xw In´m≥ t]mIp-∂ (an°t∏m-gpw
In´m-sXbpw hcp-∂) sh≈-
Øns‚ _p≤n-ap´v \m´p-Im¿
Zpxkz]v\w I≠p. "BZyw aÆv,
]ns∂ sh≈w˛ C\n hmbp' F√mw
\in-°pw. hb- -∑m¿ ]ndp-]n-dp-Øp.
Ahn-Nm-cn-X-am-bn-´mWv \tßen-A-Ω-bpsS
ho´n-te°v Hcp
AXnYn FØn-b-Xv. kabw k‘y
Ign-p. kpap-J-\mb sNdp-∏-°mc≥.
A\p-hm-Z-Øn\v ImØp-
\n¬°msX AI-tØ°v IS-∂p.
""BcmWv''hmc-kym¿ Aev]w
t]Sn-tbmsS tNmZn-®p. "Rm≥
icXvN{μ≥. apØ-»n-bpsS Pb-
Ir-jvW‚ aI≥'. apØ-»n°v ]nSn-
In-´n. Xs‚ Htc Hcp aIs‚ Htc
Hcp ]p{X≥. Pe-tk-N-\-h-Ip-∏n¬
tPmen-sN-bvXn-cp∂ A—s‚ IqsS
\S∂v ]eXpw I≠p-]-Tn® icXv
HSp-hn¬ Hcp F©n-\o-b-dm-bn.
ka-kym-]q-cWw
{hP-Ip-am-c-I≥thWp-Km-b-I≥
{hP]pcn-°-Xn¬hmWnSpwhn[u
Dc-K-aq¿≤v\n-bn¬sN-bvX-\¿Ø\w
sXfn-bp-sI≥at\m-Z¿∏-W-Øn-embv
]n. sI. Ipn-b-\p-PØn Xºp-cm´n
N{μ-]pcn
Hcp kaky X≥ ]qc-W-Øn-\mbv
Chn-Sn-cp∂p Rm≥ Nn¥ sNøth
If-ar-Zp-kvanXw XqIn, hmWn \o,
sXfn-bp-sI≥ at\m-Z¿∏-W-Øn-em-bv.
kn.-sI. cho-{μ-h¿Ω, kmcw-K,
Nnd-bv°¬ tImhn-eIw
hnc-k-X-Isft∏m°n hnZybmw
hc-a-cp-fp-hm≥ {io kc-kzXn
hn\-b-`m-h-ambv hoW-ao´n \o
sXfn-bp-sI≥ at\m-Z¿∏-W-Øn-embv
]pXnb tImhn-eIw cmP- - Ir-jvW≥
]Tn-®Xpw Ct∏mƒ tPmen
sNøp-∂Xpw ]pdw cmPyØm-sW
∂p am{Xw. Hcp CS-°me Ah-[n°v
\m´n¬ h∂-Xm-Wv.
]e h¿Ø-am-\-ßfpw ]d
v cm{Xn Ign-p. cmhn-se- F-
Wo-‰Xpw icXv BZyw t]mbXv B
InW-dn-\-Sp-°te°m-Wv. A—≥
apØ-»n-bpsS ASpØv t]mbn´v aSßp-tºmƒ
sIm≠p-h-∂n-cp∂ ]e
km[-\-ß-fn-sem∂v Hcp henb
πmÃn°v Iym≥ \ndsb tImhn-e-
IsØ InW-‰n≥sh-≈-am-Wv.
AXns‚ kzmZhpw Hm¿Ωbpw Ah-
\n-en∂pw D≠v. ]t£ InW¿ h‰n-
°n-S-°p-∂p. Hcp Xp≈n sh≈-an-√.
F√m Dd-hp-Ifpw \n∂n-cn-°p-∂p.
ImcWw a\- n-em-°m≥
A[nIw kabw th≠n-h-∂n-√.- ic-Xns\
ImWm≥ {Kma-Ønse F√mhcpw
FØn. sNdp-∏-°mcpw Ip´n-
Ifpw Abm-f-pambn Ft¥m N¿®
sNøp-∂p.-]-´-W-Øn¬ t]mbn
Fs¥m-s°tbm sIm≠p-h-cp-∂p.
\tßenAΩ-bv°v H∂pw a\- n-embn-√.
]t£ c≠p-Zn-hkw Ignv
icXv InW-‰n-en-dßn ]Wn-Xp-S-ßnb-t∏mƒ
apØ-»n°v t]Sn-tXm-∂n.
A]-ISw h√Xpw kw`-hn-®mtem?
InW-‰n-\p-Np‰pw Hcmƒ°q´w Xs∂bp-≠v.
aWn-°q-dp-Iƒ°p-tijw
icXv hnfn-®p-]-d-p. "apØ-»n.
CXm sh≈w hcp-∂p.' F√m-hcpw
InW-‰n-te°v FØn-t\m-°n. icn-bm-
Wv. \ocp-d-h-Iƒ Hs∂m-∂mbn
s]m´n-h-cp-∂p. sh≈w ]Xps°
]Xps° InW-‰n-te°v Hgp-In-h-∂p.
Ip´n-Iƒ B¿Øp-hn-fn-®p.
At∏m-gmWv tdmU-cp-In¬
InS-°p∂ IdpØ hen-b- ss]∏v
Ah¿°v Hm¿Ω h∂-Xv. Ah¿
AXn-\p-t\tc I√p-hm-cn-sb-dn-p.
""cm£-k≥'' Aa¿j-tØmsS
Dds° Bt{Im-in-®p.
B It√dv BcpsS t\¿°v
Bbn-cp-∂pthm Ft¥m?
{]aZtKm-]n-Im-am-\kw Ih¿˛
s∂cn-bp-a-·n-bn¬ ssXe-tk-N\w
kc-k-ta-IoSpw t{]a-tNm-c-W≥
sXfn-bp-sI≥ at\m-Z¿∏-W-Øn-embv
cmL-h-h¿Ω. sI., A-\-¥-]pcw
Ah-Xm-c-Is‚ ]qcWw
Idp-I-dpØXmw Ip¥-f-Øn-embv
hne-knSpw abn¸oen Pmehpw
AfI`w-Kn-bm¿t∂mcps\‰nbpw
sXfn-bpsI≥ at\m-Z¿∏-W-Øn-embv
ASpØ e°-Øn-te-°p≈ ka-kym-]q-cWw
"]Ww ]nSp-ßm-s\mcp kq{X-at√m''
hrØw : D]-PmXn
e£Ww: C{μ-h-{Pbpw Dt]-{μ-h-{Pbpw
Ie¿∂p h∂m¬ "D]-PmXn'
1, 3, ]mZ-߃ C{μ-h{P 2, 4 ]mZ-߃
Dt]-{μ-h{P
e£Ww: C{μ-h{P: XXw PKwKw
Dt]-{μ-h{P: PXw-P-KwKw
(A-h-Xm-c-I≥ : sI. cmL-h-h¿Ω, A\-¥-]p-cw)
kakym ]qc-W-߃ e`n-°p-∂-Xn¬ NneXv hrØ-\n-_-‘-a-√ F∂p ImWp-∂p. Aßn-s\-bp≈ ]qc-W-߃ {]kn-≤o-I-cn-°-∂-X-√ ˛ ]{Xm-[n-]¿
£m{X-k-tμiw 2008 Pqsse ˛ sk]v‰w-]-_¿ 26

27
k∂n-[m\w
\m´p^-en-X-߃

Hcp IpS-h-b-d≥ \ºq-cn kZy
D≠p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv.
hb¿ ho¿Øn-cn-°p-∂p. Cebn¬
tNmdv IjvSn-bm-sW∂p
I≠-t∏mƒ hnf-ºp-Im-c≥
\ºq-cn-tbmSp tNmZn-®p.
""Akmcw tNmdp hnf-ºt´m?''
\ºqcn ""Fs‚ Ce-bn¬
tNmdn-s√-n¬ hnf-ºn-t°mfq''
km[\w hmßm≥ IS-bn¬
sN∂ Hcmƒ IS-°m-c-t\mSv
tNmZn®p ""Cu t]°-‰n-s\-¥mhne?''
IS-°m-c≥ ""H∂n\v 15 cq],
cs≠-Sp-Øm¬ 25 cq], aqs∂-
Sp-Øm¬ Ipd-®p-IqSn Ip-dbpw.
F{X-thWw?''
km[\w hmßm≥ h∂-bmƒ
""Dw. \n¬°-s´. F{X t]°‰v
FSp-Øm¬ shdpsX In´pw?''
aq°‰w kZy sh´n-hn-gp-ßnb
\ºqcn Iq´p-Im-tcm-sSm∏w \S-
∂p-t]m-Ip-I-bm-Wv, C√-tØ-°v.
\S-°m≥ Xosc hø. ssZ\y-
`m-h-Øn¬ Iq´p-Imsc t\m°n.
Iq´p-Im¿ \ºq-cnsb FSpØv
C√-sØ-Øn-®p.
Hcmƒ tNmZn®p ""Dw. Ct∏mƒ
Fßn-s\-bp≠v kpJ-amtbm?
sshZysc hnfn-°tWm?''
\ºqcn adp-]Sn ]d-p. ""Hm
kmc-an√ \S-°m≥ aSn-bm-b-XpsIm≠v
Rm≥ Hcp kq{Xw
{]tbm-Kn-®p-sh-t∂-bp-≈q.''
Hcp hnZym¿∞n as‰m-cp- hn-Zym
¿∞n-tbmSv
""\o GXp ¢mkn-emWv ]Tn-°p-
∂Xv?''
""Rm≥ ssa\kv Sphn¬''
""ssa\kv Sphntem? Rm≥
tI´n-´n-√-t√m, πkv Sp tI´n-
´p≠v''
""AsX. 8˛mw ¢mkn¬. 10˛¬
\n∂p 2 Ingn-°p-I.''
27
2008 Pqsse ˛ sk]v‰w-_¿
k∂n-[m\w
\m´p^-en-X-߃
Hcm-∏o-kn¬ Hcp l¿Pn
sImSpØv aq∂p-amkw
Ignv At\z-jn-®-t∏mƒ
slUv¢m¿°v ]dp _‘s∏´
Bƒ {]k-hm-h-[n°v
\m´n¬ t]mbn-cn-°-bm-sW-∂v.
ho≠pw Bdp-amkw Ignv
At\z-jn®p ""eohp Ignv
Xncn-®p-h-∂n-s√∂v''
Rm≥ tZjy-tØmsS {]Xn-h-
Nn®p ""C{X-Imew {]k-htam?
kpIc {]k-h-amtWm k¿''
sXmÆqdv iX-am\w Ij-
≠nbp≈ Hcmƒ _m°n-bp≈
10% apSn-I-f-bm≥ sshZyp-Xn-Zo-
]-ap≈ _m¿_¿jm-∏n¬
Ibdn Itk-e-bn¬ D]-hn-jvT-
\m-bn. ]Xn-hp-t]mse ]pX-
∏n´t∏mƒ sse‰p-t]m-bn.
_m¿_¿ ]dp ""sse‰v
t]mbt√m F¥m sNøm''.
Ij-≠n-°m-c≥ ]cn-lm-cam¿§w
\n¿t±-in-®p.
]{Xm-[n-]-°p-dn-∏v.....
iy-߃°mbn \¬Im≥ C∂v
ssl{Zm-_m-Znse MASPAK F∂
ÿm]-\-Øn\v km[n-°p∂p F∂Xv
hn{I-a≥tN-´s\ kw_-‘n-®n-StØmfw
""]cn-{iaw sNøp-In-se-¥nt\bpw
Ic-Øn-em-°m≥ Ignhp≈hÆw''
F∂ ]g-samgn
XnI®pw A\z¿∞-am-°pw-hn-[-am-bncp-∂p.
cmjv{S-ao-amw-k-bn¬ _ncp-Zm-
\-¥-c-_n-cp-Z[m-cn-bmb hn{I-a≥
tN´≥ C¥y≥ t\hn-bnepw At‰manIv
F\¿Pn hIp-∏nepw kpc-£m-
D-tZym-K-ÿ≥ F∂ \ne-bn¬ A\pjvTn-®n´p-≈
tkh\w cmPy-c-£mcw-KsØ
]pXnb Im¬h-bv∏n\v t{]c-
I-am-bn-cp-∂n-´p-≠m-hmw. B¿.-hn.
Xºms‚ as‰mcp hyh-kmb kwcw-
`-amb t]∏¿ ]ƒ∏v auƒUnwKv
sajo≥ tN¿Øebv°p kao]w
ambn-Ø-d-bn-ep≈ ^mIvS-dn-bn¬
\n¿Ωn®v C¥y-°-IØpw hntZ-i-ß-
""tM! sshZypXn Cs√-nse¥m
Ipg∏w? B
sagpIpXncn IØn®v Fs‚
XebpsS at≤y ^n‰p-sNbvXv
£ucw XpS-ßn-t°m. F\n-
°ev]w Xnc-°p-≠v.''
A≤ym-]-I≥ Ip´n-tbmSv ""kº-
∂≥ F∂ hm°ns‚ A¿∞w
]dbq''
Ip´n : "Ipd®v XmSn-bp-≈-h≥'
A≤ym-]-I≥: "tM F¥¿∞-amWv
\o ]d-Xv?
Ip´n ""AsXm k¿, kw +
]∂≥. kw = Ipd®v; ]∂ =
XmSn.''
A≤ym-]-I≥ :˛ "bq\n-th¿kn‰n'
A¿∞w ]dbq
Ip´n:˛ ""bq\n-bs\ sIm≠v
thgvkmb kn‰n''
F≥.-Fw.-sI. DWn-Øncn
sNdp-Xmgw
fn-te°pw Ib‰n Ab-®p hcp-∂p.
£{Xnb kap-Zm-b-Øns‚
DXv°¿j-Øn\pw tIc-f-Ønse
£{Xnb kwL-S-\-I-fpsS {]h¿Ø-
\-߃°pw hn{I-a≥ tN´≥ Iø-b®v
kw`m-h-\-Iƒ \¬In h∂n-cp∂p
F∂Xv Gsd Nmcn-Xm¿∞y-tØmsS
ChnsS kvacn-°p-∂p. ssl{Zm-_m-
Zn¬ {]h¿Ø-\-am-cw-`n® "Z¿∏Ww'
F∂ £{XnbkwL-S-\-bpsS apJyc-£m-[n-Imcn
IqSn-bm-bn-cp∂p B¿.hn.
Xºm≥ F∂Xpw {it≤-b-amb
hkvXp-X-bm-Wv. At±lw XpS-ßnh®
hyh-km-b-kw-cw-`-Øn\v
ta¬°p-ta¬ A`n-hr-≤n-bp-≠m-I-s´sb∂pw
kap-Zmb tkh-\-cw-KsØ
At±-l-Øns‚ ]mX IpSp-_mw-K߃
]n¥p-S-c-s´-sb∂pw {]m¿∞n-
°p-∂p. B ]pWym-flm-hns‚
\nXyim¥n-°p-th≠n {]m¿∞n-®psIm≠v
At±-l-Øns‚ ]m-h-\-kvacW°p
apºn¬ £{Xnb t£ak`
BZ-cm-RvP-en-Iƒ A¿∏n-°p-∂p.
£m{X-k-tμiw

hf-cp∂ {]Xn-`-Iƒ
AJn¬ kpIp-am¿h¿Ω
AJn-te¥ym
ssk\nIv kvIqƒ
{]th-i\]co-£bn¬
H≥]Xmw
¢mkpXe-Øn¬
kwÿm-\Øv
H∂mwdmp -I-c-ÿam-°nb
AJn¬ kpIp-am¿ h¿Ω.
sImSp-ß-√q¿ ]pØ≥tImhn-e-IØv
kpIpam¿ B¿.h¿Ω-bp-sSbpw
(F≥Pn-\o-b¿, A_p-Zm-_n) sN∂n-
Øe ta\mw-hnf tImhn-e-IØv
AΩnWn Fkv.-h¿Ω-bp-sSbpw aI-
\m-Wv.
cRvPnØvh¿Ω. sI
Cen-ßm-e-°pS
sImcºv arZwK Ifcn-bn¬
\n∂pw hn{Ia≥
\ºq-Xn-cn-bpsS
Iogn¬ arZwK ]T
\w ]q¿Øn-bm-°nb
cRvPnØv h¿Ω
sI. Ahn-´-Øq¿ sIm´m-c-a-T-Øn¬
sI. cmPp h¿Ω-bp-sSbpw Xghm
Imhdpw IS-a-T-Øn¬ kXn-h¿Ω-bptSbpw
aI-\m-Wv. 2007-˛08 ¬ Xriq¿
dh\yq Pn√m Item-’-h-Øn¬
arZw-K-hm-Z-\-Øn¬ II nd A grade
e`n®p. {io. {io. chn-i--dns‚ P∑-
Zn-\-tØm-S-\p-_-‘n®v _mw•q-cn¬
sh®p-\-S∂ BtLm-j-ß-fn¬ ]cn-
]mSn Ah-X-cn-∏n-®n-´p-≠v. IqSmsX
X©m-hq¿ _rl-tZ-iz-c-t£-{Xw,
aqImw-_n-I, G‰p-am-\q¿ alm-tZ-ht£-{Xw,
sXmSp-]pg {ioIr-jvWt£-{Xw
XpSßn At\Iw t£{X-
ß-fn¬ ]cn-]mSn Ah-X-cn-∏n-®n-´p-≠v.
Ccn-ßm-e-°pS sk‚ v tacokv
lb¿ sk°-≠dn kvIqfn¬ 10-˛mw
¢m- n¬ ]Tn-°p-∂p.
Nmμn\n Pn
a{Zmkv sF.-sF.‰n bn¬\n∂pw
KWn-X-im-kv{X-Øn¬ tUmIvS-td‰v
t\Snb Nmμn\n Pn. ]¥-fØv
_me-thZn
c≠p Ihn-X-Iƒ
amcmcpw amcmcpw sN≠bpw
sN≠bpw
Ip´n A\n-b≥ cmP
hSt° sIm´m-c-
Øn¬ tKmZ-h¿Ωcm-Pm-bp-sSbpw
eoem-`mbn Xºpcm-´n-bp-sSbpw
aI-fm-Wv. Ct∏mƒ
sN ss∂ sF.-sF.-
‰n.-bn¬ t]mÃv tUmIvS-d¬ dnk
¿®v s^tem BWv.
1. (am-cm¿ sN≠-tbm-Sv)
Im®≠ ]men-\Xp ths≠mcp iWvT-th≠
ths≠-n¬ th≠-b-Xp-an-≠-cp-sXm-´pta \o
Ds≠-n-ep≠p ]cn-]p-jvSn-Iƒ ]q≠p sIm≈p
a≠-≠-sX≠nhe-tb-s≠-Ssbs‚ sNt≠
(2)
D≠p≠p \n∂p-S-b-X-≠p-Iƒ Un≠n-a-߃
a≠-bv°p-c-≠n-l-X-cp-∂Xpap≠p-ho≠pw
N≠n-Ø-c-߃ ]d-b-s√m-cp-sX-√p-t]mepw
th≠p-∂-a-´n-ep-cn-bm-S-W-sas‚ sNt≠
(3)
th≠p-∂-a-´n-sem-cp-Xm-f-ap-Xn¿Øp-sIm≠m¬
]qs®-≠p-In-´p-a-Wn-bm-s\mcp ]mhp-ap≠pw
sIm≠m-Sn-tS≠ hn[-am-sbmcp tImfsXm-Øm¬
sIm≠m-Sn-tS-W-a-hn-Sp-∂n-\n-sbs‚ sNt≠!!
AjvS-an-tcm-lnWn Biw-kbpw HmWmiw-kbpw
I¿°n-S-I-Øn¬ Idp-I-dp-\oßn˛
´¿°≥ \∂mbv tim`n-®p-s≈mcp
]q°-f-an-s´mcp s]m∂n≥ Nnßw ]q°m-dmbv
]qhnfn ˛ ""s]men-s]m-en,
]qth s]men-s]men
Ghw \s√mcp ]qhn-fn-bmbv
\m´n¬ sIm´pw ]m´pw tN¿s∂mcp
]pØ≥ Nnßw ]q°m-dmbv
ImWmw \s√mcp ]pXp- ]p-©n-cn-bmbv
t®Wm¿∂ps≈mcp cq]-Øn¬
thWp-hp-aq-Xn-°-Æ≥ Xs∂
ImWmw ImWmw IÆn\p ]pWyw tImcn˛
°mWm-ap-Æn-°-Æ≥ h∂p
]nd-s∂mcp NnßsØ
£m{X-k-tμiw 2008 Pqsse ˛ sk]v‰w-]-_¿ 28

29
k∂n-[m\w
hm¿Ø-Iƒ ˛ hnti-j-߃
kwÿm\ `c-W-k-anXn
£{Xnbt£ak`
kwÿm\ `c-W-k-an-Xn-bpsS aq∂maXp
tbmKw 2008 Pqsse 20\v
cmhnse ssh°w tImtem-Øpw-
I-Shv k]vXXn B-Un-t‰m-dn-b-Øn¬
h®v chn-h¿ΩcmPm-bpsS (£m-{Xk-tμiw
]{Xm-[n-]¿) A≤y-£-Xbn¬
IqSn. 2008 s^{_p-hcn 17-˛mw
XobXn \o-te-iz-cØp h®p \S∂
tbmK-Øn-\p-tijw \sΩ hn´p-
]n-cn Xmsg-∏-d-bp∂ _-‘p-P-\ß-fpsS
Nc-a-Øn¬ A\p-tim-N\w
tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn. Ah-cpsS Bflmhn\v
\nXy-im¥n t\¿∂p-sIm≠v
k`mwK-߃ au\-{]m¿∞\ \S-
Øn.
1. X-Ω, Aw_-hn-em-kw,
hS-t°-\S, ssh°w
2. Sn.-B¿. cma-h¿Ω Xºpcm≥,
Xpfn-»me tImbn-°¬, IS{]
3. Pn. DÆn-IrjvW ]≠me
Xp≠p-a-Tw, Ic-a\
4. imc-Z-_m-bn-X-ºp-cm-´n, sX°pw-
Iq¿ ]me-kv, tIm´bw
5. cma-h¿Ω sIm®-∏≥ Xºp-cm≥,
Xr∏q-Wn-Øpd
6. `mkv°-c-h¿Ω, aqe-°¬
tImbn-°¬, Fgp-a-‰q¿
8. Cμp-aXn Xºp-cm-´n, sSºnƒ
tdm-Uv, Xr∏q-Wn-Øpd
9. Sn.-F. efn-X-_mbn Xºp-cm-´n,
Xpfn-ime tImbn-°¬, IS{]
10. PmX-th-Z≥ \ºq-Xn-cn, \mcmbW
awK-ew, CS-∏mƒ
11. ]n. tKmZ-h¿Ω-cm-P, cmtP-{μk-Z≥,
]q-m¿
12. kn. apIp-μ-\pÆn Xncp-ap¬∏mSv,
sht≈mSn `h-\w, tImgn-t°mSv
13. k¥m-\-h-√n-X-ºp-cm-´n, amth-en-
°c sIm´mcw
14. a[p-h¿a, aRvPpfm-e-bw, Xncph-\-¥-]pcw
2008 Pqsse ˛ sk]v‰w-_¿
15. Sn. kl-tZ-h≥, sX°q-´p-a-Tw,
At©cn
16. F®v. F®v. Im¿ØnI Xncp-
\mƒ e£van-_mbn Xºp-cm-´n,
Ih-Sn-bm¿ sIm´mcw
17. Fw.-sI. DZ-b-h¿Ω-cm-P,
aÆq¿a-Tw, amth-en-°c
18. cm[m-h¿Ω, Xncp-h-Æq¿
19. Aw_nI Ip´n-X-ºm-´n, Ad-hm-
°¬ tImhn-e-Iw, ssh°w
20. at\m-ca Xºp-cm-´n, Nnd-°¬
tImhn-eIw sImSp-ß-√q¿
21 kc-kzXn]n≈-bm¿Xn-cn,
tNeq¿ tImhn-e-Iw, Icn-sh-
≈q¿
22 DΩp]n≈bm¿Xncn, aW-°m´p
aTw, Icn-sh-≈q¿
23. ]n.kn.-hn. cmP, hgp-X-\-°m´v
tImhn-e-Iw, ssh°w
24. Bim-k-Xo-i≥, tImt»-cn-a-Tw,
CS-∏≈n
25. cXv\w-h¿Ω, he-hq¿ tImhn-e-
Iw, ]g-b-∂q¿
26. amen-\n-h¿Ω, Ipdp-a\ tImbn-
°¬, Xr∏q-WnØpd
27. F-.sI. eoe AΩ aqØ-X-ºpcm-´n,
Ingt° tImhn-e-Iw,
\ote-izcw
k` hn`m-h\w sNbvX
t£a-{SÃv cPn-ÿ sNbvX Imcyw
A≤y-£≥ tbmKsØ Adn-bn-®p.
alm-dmWn tkXp-]m¿hXn
kvamcI kvtImf¿jn-∏n\v sXc- -
s-Sp-°-s∏´hcpsS t]cp-hn-hcw
tbmKsØ Adn-bn-®p.
{]h¿Ø-\-dn-t∏m¿´pw hc-hp-
Nn-ehp IW°pw tbmKw N¿®
sNbvXp ]m m-°n.
{][m\ Xocp-am-\-߃
1. £m{X-k-tμiw amkn-IbpsS
{]Nm-c-Øn-\mbn hcn-kwJy
IpSn-»nJ F√m bqWn‰pw IrXyambn
]ncn-s®-Sp-°pI, IqSp-X¬
hcn-°msc tN¿°p-I.
2.t£a-{]-h¿Ø-\-߃
°v{]m[m\yw \¬Ip-I.
3. Nme-°pSn bqWn-‰ns‚
t\Xr-Xz-Øn¬ \S-°p∂ tPm_v
sk‚-dns‚ {]h¿Ø-\-Øn¬
Hmtcm bqWn-‰n¬ \n∂pw Hcmsf
nepw `mK-`m-°m-Ip-I.
4. sk≥k-kv, sh_vssk‰v
F-∂n-h-bpsS {]h¿Ø\w Du¿-÷n-
X-am-°p-I.
5. hm¿jnIs]m-Xp-tbmKw
2008 HIvtSm-_¿ 19 Rmb-dmgvN
tImgn-t°mSv kmaq-Xncnlmfn¬
h®p IqSp-I.
Icn-sh-≈q¿ £{Xnb
t£a-k`
{]h¿Ø\ dnt∏m¿´v:
Pq¨ 2008
£{Xn-b-t£-a-k` Icnsh≈q¿
bqWn‰v FIvkn-Iyp-´ohv
IΩ-‰n-tbmKw Pq¨ 6˛\v {]kn-
U‚ v F≥.-]n. IrjvW≥ DWnØncn-bpsS
A≤y-£-X-bn¬ Icn-sh-
≈q¿ hßm-´p-a-T-Øn¬ \S-∂p.
tPm. sk{I-´dn bp.-sI. cmP-h¿Ω
kzmKXw ]d tbmK-Øn¬
sk{I-´dn F≥.-]n. _me-Ir-jvW≥
dnt∏m¿´v Ah-X-cn-∏n-®p. XpS¿∂v
\S∂ N¿®-bn¬ kn. am[-h≥,
C.-Fw. IrjvW-Ip-am¿, kn.-sI.
cmP≥, C.-Fw. chn-h¿Ω, F≥.-]n.
]pcp-tjm-Ø-a≥ F∂n-h¿ ]s-
SpØv kwkm-cn-®p. Cu h¿jsØ
F≥tUm-hvsa‚ v hnX-cWw
13-˛7-˛08\v \S-Øm≥ Xocp-am-\n-®p.
{ioIm-am£n {SÃn¬ saº¿am-cm-Ip-
∂Xv kw_‘n® Imcy-߃ hni-
Z-amb N¿®-Iƒ°mbn P\-d¬t_m-
Un tbmK-Øn-te°v am‰n-sh-®p.
tbmK-Øn¬ Sn.-Fw. {ioIp-am¿ \μn
]d-p. tbmKw 5 aWn°v Ahkm-\n-®p.
P\-d¬t_mUntbmKhpw
F≥tUm-hvsa‚ v hnX-c-Whpw
£{Xnt£a-k` Icnsh-≈q¿
bqWn‰v P\-d¬t_mUn
tbmKw 13-˛7-˛2008 Rmb-dmgvN
£m{X-k-tμiw

D®bv°v 3.30\v HmW-°p-∂n-ep≈
]n.-Fw. kp{_-“-Wys‚ `h-\-
Øn¬ \S∂p. Cuiz-c-{]m¿∞-\tbmsS
Bcw-`n® tbmK-Øn¬
kwÿm\ {]h¿Ø-I-k-anXn
AwKw Sn.-Fw. {ioIp-am¿ kzmKXw
]d-p. tbmK-Øn¬ bqWn‰v
{]kn-U‚ v F≥.-]n. IrjvW≥
DWn-Øncn A≤y-£X hln-®p.
Ign tbmK-Øn\v tijw A¥cn®
kn.-sI. kc-kzXn ]n≈bm¿Xncn
AΩ, aW-°mSv aT-Øn¬
D-Ωp-]n-≈-bm¿Xncn AΩ F∂n-hcpsS
tZl-hn-tbm-K-Øn¬ A\ptim-N\w
tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn. XpS¿∂v
sk{I-´dn dnt∏m¿´pw hchv sNehv
IW°pw Ah-X-cn-∏n-®p. ]n∂oSv
2008 h¿jsØ F≥tUm-hvsa‚ v
hnX-cW \S-]Sn Bcw-`n-®p. ]n.-Fw.
kp{_-“-Wy≥, F≥.-hn. \mcm-b-
W≥ DWn-Øncn satΩm-dn-b¬ {SÃv
F∂n-h¿ G¿s∏-Sp-Ønb F≥tUmhvsa‚n\pw
Iymjv Ahm¿Un\pw
Xmsg ImWp∂ Ip´n-Iƒ A¿lcm-bn.
Fkv.-F-kv.-F¬.-kn./kn.-
_n.-F-kv.-C. hn`mKw
1. Ipamcn A\p{io A£bv
(sI. A£-b≥, Fw.-Fw. tcJ
Zº-Xn-I-fpsS aIƒ) 93% am¿°v
(Rs. 1111/-)
2. Ipamcn IhnX h¿Ω (Sn.
B¿. kptZh h¿a, hn.-Fw. KoX
Zº-Xn-I-fpsS aIƒ) 90% am¿°v
(Rs. 1000/-)
πkv Sp
1. hcp¨ h¿a, (kn.-sI.
]pcptjmØa≥, F≥.-]n. hk¥
Zº-Xn-I-fpsS aI≥) 90% am¿°v
(Rs. 1500/-)
2. {iotPjv h¿a (kn.-sI.
cmP≥, F≥.-hn.-Fw. ]pjv]-h√n
Zº-Xn-I-fpsS aI≥) 83.5% am¿°v
(Rs. 1000/-)
Untπmam˛sF.-‰n.-sF./t]mfn
sSIv\n°v
Pb-{]-Imiv sI., (kn.-sI. Ipn-
\m-cm-b-W≥, sI. kXy-`ma Zº-Xn-
I-fpsS aI≥) 69.5% am¿°v
(Rs. 2000/- -)
£{Xnbt£a-k` Icn-sh-≈q¿ bqWn-‰ns‚ Iymjv Ahm¿Up-Iƒ
kn.-sI. tIc-f-h¿Ω (Nn-d-bv°¬ tImhn-e-Iw) hnX-cWw sNøp∂p
ta¬ Ip´n-Iƒ°v ]pdsa
Ct∏mƒ Fkv.-F-kv.-F¬.-kn. ]Tn-
®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ hnZym¿∞n-Ifmb
sI. hnthIv -S/o. Sn.-Fw.cmPtam-l-\≥,
AJn¬ IrjvW≥ -
S/o. F≥.-]n. DÆn-Ir-jvW≥, F≥.
sI. cmlp¬ S/o. F≥. sI. eX
F∂n-h¿°v t{]m’m-l\ kΩm-\ambn
200 cq] hoXw \¬In. hninjvSm-XnYn
kn.-sI. tIcf h¿a
(Nn-d-°¬ tImhn-e-Iw) F≥tUmhv
sa‚p-Ifpw Iymjv Ahm¿Upw
hnX-cWw sNbvXp. F≥.-sI. \mcmb-W≥
DWn-Øn-cn, Fw.-Fw.
IrjvW≥ DWnØncn, kn. am[-h≥
F∂n-h¿ Biw-k-Iƒ A¿∏n®p
kwkm-cn-®p. XpS¿∂v kwL-S\
N¿® Bcw-`n-®p. N¿®-bn¬ hn.-Fw.
IrjvWI-am¿, C.-Fw. IrjvW
-Ip-am¿, bp.-sI. cmP-h¿Ω, Sn.-Fw.
cmP-tam-l-\≥, kn.-sI. cmL-h≥,
kn.-sI. Ipn-\m-cm-bW h¿a,
F≥.-]n. Dj {io[-c-h¿a, F≥.-]n.
Imam£n h¿a F∂n-h¿ ]s-
SpØp kwkm-cn-®p. XpS¿∂p
Sn.-Fw. {ioIp-am¿ tI{μ-I-Ωn‰n
Adn-bn-∏p-Ifpw Xocp-am-\-ßfpw
hni-Zo-I-cn-®p. Ct∏mƒ bq\n‰v
sk{I-´-dn-bmb F≥.-]n. _me- -IrjvW-\pw,
{Sj-d¿ Sn.-Fw. cmP-taml-\\pw
ÿm\-ß-fn¬ \n∂v Hgnhm-°m≥
At]-£-®-Xn-\m¬ hn.-
Fw. IrjvW-Ip-am-dns\ sk{I-´-dnbmbpw
F≥.-]n. _me-Ir-jvWs\
{Sj-d-dmbpw sXc-s-Sp-Øp.
{ioIm-am£n {SÃv Imcy-Øn¬
saº¿am¿°v bp‡m-\p-k-cWw
Xocp-am-\-sa-Sp-°m-hp-∂-Xm-sW∂v
tbmKw hne-bn-cp-Øn. Cu Imcy-
Øn¬ £{Xn-b-t£-a-k` Ct∏mƒ
CS-s]tSs≠∂pw Xocp-am-\n-®p. hn,-
Fw. IrjvW-Ip-am-dns‚ \μn{]-I-
S-\-tØmsS tbmKw 5 aWn°v Ahkm-\n-®p.
Xriq¿ £{Xnbt£a-k`
£{Xnbt£a-k` Xriq¿
`c-W-k-an-Xn-tbmKw 2008 Pqembv
27 Rmb-dmgvN iyma-f-hn-em-kv At©-cn-bn¬
sh®p \S-∂p.
]Xn-hp-t]mse HmWw
BtLm-jn-°p-hm≥ \n›-bn-®p.
AXn-te°p th≠ hni-Z-amb
IΩn‰n cq]-h-XvI-cn-®p. inh-Icw
hm¿Øm-]-{Xn-Isb Ghcpw A\ptam-Zn-®p.
Ct∏m-gsØ C≥e≥Uv
cq]-Øn¬ \n∂v ]ptcm-KXn hcpØn
]pkvXI cq]-Øn-em-°-W-sa∂v
AwK-߃ \n¿t±-in-®p. {]tXyI
HmW-∏-Xn∏v Cd-°m\pw Xocp-am-\n-®p.
Xriq-cnse s]bv≥ B‚ v
]men-tb-‰nhv sIb¿ F∂ kwL-S-
\-bn-te°v k` \evIp∂ kw`m-h\hne-bn-cp-Øn.
k` t\cn´v \evIp∂
kZv{]-h¿Ø-\-Øn¬ {]Xn-amkw
Hcp IpSpw-_sØ kvt]m¨k¿
sNøp-∂p-≠v. IqSmsX hy‡n-]-cambn
]ecpw kw`m-h\ sNøp-∂p-
≠v. {]Xn-h¿jw GI-tZiw Hcp
e£w cq]tbmfw Cßs\ \evIp-
-∂p-s≠∂ Imcyw AwK-߃ Nmcn-
Xm¿∞y-tØmsS Xncn-®-dn-p.
Cu kw`m-h\ kwL-S-\-bn-eqsS
Nm\-ssekv sNøm-sa∂v A`n-
{]mbw D≠m-bn. Cu h¿jsØ
hnZym-`ym-k-\n[n ]pc-kvIm-c-Øn¬
£m{X-k-tμiw 2008 Pqsse ˛ sk]v‰w-]-_¿ 30

πkvSp hn`m-K-Øn¬ kb≥kv,
t\m¨ kb≥kv F∂p-IqSn th¿Xncn®v
Ahm¿Uv \evIm≥ Xocp-am-
\n®p.
IpSpw-_mw-K-ß-sf√mw
HØp-tN¿∂v Hcp Znhkw H∂n®p
Xma-kn-°m≥ Hcp thZn "IΩyq-Wn‰n
eohnwKv' F∂ Bibw \S-∏n-em-
°pI hgn Iq´p-Ip-Spw_w F∂v
tI´-dnhp am{X-ap≈ bp-e-X-e-apdbv°v
CXv ]pXnb Hc-\p-`-h-am-Ipw.
Zqc-tZ-i-ß-fn¬ hkn-°p∂ kap-Zmbmw-K-ß-fpsS
Hcp enÃv Xøm-dm-
°m≥ Dt±-in-°p-∂p. GsX-nepw
Bh-iy-߃°mbn Zqc-bm{X
sNtø-≠n-h-cp-∂-h¿°v AXv D]-Icn-°pw.
]¥fw £{Xnb t£a-k`
2008 am¿®v amk-Øn¬ \S∂
s]mXp-tbm-K-Øn-\p-tijw ]pXnb
`c-W-k-anXn c≠p-X-hW ktΩ-fn-
°p- -bp-≠m-bn. k`-bpsS {]h¿Ø-\߃
Du¿÷n-X-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm-\p≈
\n¿t±-i-߃ N¿® sNbvXp. AwKß-fpsS
Iq´mbva Dd-∏m-°p-∂-Xn\pw
k`-bpsS [\-ÿnXn sa®-s∏-Sp-Øp-
∂Xn\pw th≠n {]h¿Ø-\-߃
Bcw-`n-°-W-sa∂v Xocp-am-\n-®p.
Cu Dt±iw IW-°n-se-Sp-ØpsIm≠p
saº¿am-cpsS Hcp Nn´n
XpS-ßp-hm≥ Xocp-am-\n-°p-Ibpw
{]mcw-`-\-S-]-Sn-Iƒ kzoI-cn-°p-
Ibpw sNbvXp. C°m-cy-Øn¬
{]Xo-£n®Xnepw IqSp-X¬ kl-
I-cWw saº¿am-cn¬ \n∂p e`n-°p-
I-bp-≠m-bn. Nn´n-bpsS BZysØ
\dp-s°-Sp∏v Nnß-amkw 1˛-\v
(B-KÃv amkw 17\v) \S-Øp-hm≥
Xocp-am-\n-®p.
tUm. _n. Kncojv Ipam¿
_n.-F.Fw.-F-kv., Fw.-_n.-_n.-F-kv.
Fw.-Un. (Gen.Med)/ ]¥fw
{imw_n-°¬ sIm´m-c-Øn¬ hnPb-e£van
Xºp-cm-´n-bp-tSbpw Xr∏q-
Wn-Øpd awK-f-aTØn¬ ]tc-X-\mb
`cXv h¿Ω-bp-sSbpw aI≥)
]TnØw ]q¿Øn-bm°n Ipf-\-Sbnep≈
saUn-°¬ {SÃv tlmkv]n-
‰-en¬ I¨kƒ´nwKv ^nkn-jy-
\mbn Nm¿s÷-Sp-Øp. IpSpw-_mw-
31
2008 Pqsse ˛ sk]v‰w-_¿
K-ßsf kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw
At±-l-Øns‚ km∂n≤yw hfsc
Bizm-k-I-c-am-bn-cn°pw F∂-Xn¬
bmsXmcp kwi-bp-hp-an-√.
]¥fw hSs° sIm´m-c-
Ønse Pn. Nmμn\nh¿Ω°v
(tKm-Z-h¿Ω/eoe h¿Ω Zº-Xn-IfpsS
aIƒ) sNss∂ sF.-sF.-‰n.bn¬
\n∂pw KWn-X-im-kv{X-Øn¬
tUmIvS-td‰v e`n-®p.
Xncp-h-\-¥-]pcw £{Xn-bt£-a-k`
Pq¨ 1˛mw XobXn bph-P\hn-`m-K-amb
"£m{X-Zo]vXn'bpsS
B`n-ap-Jy-Øn¬ Ip´n-I-fpsS GI-
Zn\ Iymºv \S∂p. s{]m^. B¿.-
hn.-Pn. tat\m≥, sI.-F¬. {io
Ir-jvW-Zm-kv, Sn.- -F≥. BZn-Xy-h¿Ω
F∂n-h¿ kwkm-cn-®p. ]n.-Pn. iin-
Ip-am¿ h¿Ω-bm-bn-cp∂p Iymºv
Ub-d-IvS¿. A∂p-Xs∂ sshIpt∂cw
Xncp-h-\-¥-]pcw £{Xn-bt£-a-k-`-bpsS
{]Xn-amk ]cn-]mSn
{Snhm≥{Uw tlm´-en¬ \S-∂p.
Po-hn-X-ssien tcmK-ßsf°pdn®v
tUm. sI. hnP-b-Ip-am¿ {]`m-jWw
\S-Øn. Aw_n-Im-h¿Ω, amÿ
hnjvWp B¿. h¿Ω F∂n-h¿
tN¿∂hX-cn-∏n® hb-en≥ It®cnbpw
\S-∂p. F.-kn. tKmZ-h¿ΩbmWv
Cu ]cn-]mSn kvt]m¨k¿
sNbvX-Xv. Pq¨ 8˛mw XobXn Xncphn-Xmw-Iq¿
cmP-Ip-Spw-_mw-Khpw
]tc-X-\mb tIW¬ tKmZ-h¿Ω-cm-
P-bpsS kl-[¿ΩnWnbpamb
Im¿ØnI Xncp-\mƒ Xºp-cm´n
A¥-cn-®p. Pqsse 14\v Fgp-Øp-
Im-c\pw C≥^¿ta-j≥ k¿Δokv
DtZym-K-ÿ-\p-am-bn-cp∂ a[p-h¿Ω
(a[p aRvPp-fm-e-bw) A¥-cn-®p.
BKÃv 2\v {]K¤ A≤ym-]-I≥
F¬.-kn. cma-h¿Ω (F¬]n-B¿
h¿Ω-bpsS ktlm-Z-c≥) A¥-cn-
®p. Pqsse 27\v cmam-b-W-am-km-
N-cWw \S-∂p. cmam-b-W-]m-cm-b-W-
Øn\p ]pdta F.-kn. tKmZ-h¿ΩbpsS
cmam-bW {]`m-j-Whpw \S-
∂p. Iem-kmw-kvIm-cn-I-thZn
I¨ho-\¿ Fkv. AP-b-Ip-am¿
h¿Ω-bpsS t\Xr-Xz-Øn¬ "`P≥'
k∂n-[m\w
]cn-]m-Snbpw \S∂p. ASpØ-h¿jw
apX¬ G‰hpw \∂mbn cmam-bWw
hmbn-°p∂ Hcp Ip´n°v 501 cq]bpsS
Imjv Ahm¿Uv G¿s∏-Sp-
Øn. F.-kn. tKmZ-h¿Ω G¿s∏-Sp-
Øn-b-XmWo Ahm¿Uv. Xncp-h-\-¥-
]pcw k`-bpsS B`n-ap-Jy-Øn¬
doP‚ v dmWn am[ya hnZym-`ymk
]pc-kv°m-c-߃ G¿s∏-Sp-Øn.
(C-Xns‚ hnh-c-߃ A\y-{X) AΩ
almdm-Wn-bpsS t]cnepw Hchm¿Uv
ASp-Øp-Xs∂ G¿s∏-Sp-
Øp-∂-Xm-Wv.
kmwkv°mcnI
hm¿Ø-Iƒ
doP‚ v alm-dmWn am[y-a-
]p-c-kvIm-chpw hnZym-`ymk
]pc-kv°m-chpw
Xncp-hnXmw Iqdns‚ ka-{Kamb
hnI-k-\-Øn\v «mL-\ob
t\XrXzw \¬In Ggp-h¿jw Xncphn-Xmw-Iq-¿
`cn® alm-dmWn tkXp
e£vao-`m-bn-bpsS kvacW \ne-
\n¿Ø-∂-Xn-\mbn Xncp-h-\-¥-]pcw
£{Xnb t£a-k-`-bpw alm-dm-WnbpsS
IpSp-_mw-K-ßfpw kwbp-‡ambn
am[ya, hnZym-`ymk ]pc-kv°mc-߃
G¿s∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥ Xocp-am-
\n-®p.
2007 G{]n¬ 1 apX¬ 2008
am¿®v 31 hsc tIc-f-Ønse ka-
Im-enI {]iv\-ßsf A[n-I-cn®v
{]kn-≤-s∏-Sp-Ønb G‰hpw anI®
teJ-\-tam, teJ\ ]c-º-ctbm
BWv am[ya ]pc-kvIm-c-Øn-\mbn
Cu h¿jw ]cn-K-Wn-°p-∂Xv. 15,001
cq]bpw {]ikvXn ]{Xhpw inev]hp-amWv
]pc-kv°mc tPXm-hn\v
\¬Ip-I.
2007-˛2008 A[y\ h¿j-
Øn¬ Fkv.-F-kv.-F¬.-kn., kn.-
_n.-F-kv.-C., sF.-kn.F-kv.kn
F∂o kvIoap-I-fn¬ \n∂v ]Ømw
¢mkn¬ G‰hpw Db¿∂ am¿°v
t\Snb £{Xnb hnZym¿∞n/
hnZym¿∞n-\n-°mWv hnZym-`ymk
Ahm¿Uv \¬Ip-∂-Xv. 15,001/˛
cq]bpw {]ikvXn ]{Xhpw inev]hp-amWv
]pc-kv°m-c-tP-Xm-hn\p
\¬Ip-∂-Xv.
£m{X-k-tμiw

am[ya Ahm¿Un-\p≈
At]-£-I¿ sh≈-°-S-em-kn¬
Xøm-dm-°nb _tb-Um-‰-tbm-sSm∏w
]cn-K-Wn-°-s∏-tS≠ teJ-\-
Øns‚ aq∂p {]Xn-Iƒ {]kn-≤o-
I-c-W-Øns‚ sXfn-hp-k-lnXw
ka¿∏n-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. hnZym-`ymk
Ahm¿Un\v Hcp Kk-‰Uv Hm^o-k¿
km£y-s∏-Sp-Ønb am¿°v enÃns‚
]I¿∏p klnXw sh≈-°-S-emkn¬
Xøm-dm-°nb At]£
ka¿∏n-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. At]-£-Iƒ
2008 HIvtSm_¿ 25-˛mw Xob-Xn°p
ap≥]v In´-Ø-°-hn[w sk{I-´-dn,
Xncp-h-\-¥-]pcw £{Xn-b-t£-ak-`,
kpμ-c-hn-emkw sIm´mcw,
Itfm ssIh-i-ap-≈-hcpw At±- -lsØ-°p-dn®v
Hm¿Ω-°p-dn-∏p-Iƒ
Fgp-Xm≥ Ign-bp-∂-hcpw Zb-hmbn
Xmsg-°m-Wp∂ hnem-k-Øn¬ Ah
Ab-®p-X∂p klm-bn-°-W-sa∂v
v
-
hnj-bsØ°pdn®v apJy-{]-`mjWw
\S-Øn. Xncp-h-\-¥-]pcw
BIm-i-hmWn Ub-d-IvS¿
sI.apcfo[-c≥, kn\n-am-Km-\c-N-bn-Xmhv
A\n¬ ]\-®q-cm≥,
cmPohv Bep-¬ XpS-ßn-b-h¿ A`y¿∞n-°p-∂p. hnemkw: tUm.
Biw-km-{]-kw-K-߃ \S-Øn. Fgp- -a-‰q¿ cmP-cm-P-h¿Ω, tImhn-
A\p-kva-cW NS-ßn-\p-tijw eIw, Fw.-]n. A∏≥ \K¿, hgp-XkmkvIm-cnI
{]Xn`m ]pc- °m-Sv, Xncp-h-\-¥-]pcw 695014,
kvImcamb, tZh-Io-hm-cy¿ Ahm- samss_¬ 98471 25794
tIm´-bv°Iw, Xncp- -h-\-¥-]pcw ˛
695 023 F∂ hnem-k-Øn¬ Abbvt°-≠-Xm-Wv.
Cc-bn-Ω≥ Xºn-bpsS 152-˛mw
Nca hm¿jn-Im-N-cWw
aebm◊bpsS X\Xp Iebmb
B´-°-Ym-km-ln-Xy-Øn\v
Aaq-ey-kw-`m-h\ \¬Inb Ihn
km¿Δ-`u-a≥ Cc-bn-Ω≥ Xºn-bpsS
152-˛-m-aXv Nc-a-hm¿jnIw Cc-bn-Ω≥
Xºn {SÃn-s‚bpw kvamc-I-k-an-Xnbp-sSbpw
Xncp-h-\-¥-]pcw BImi-hm-Wn-bp-sSbpw
kwbp‡m-`n-ap-
Jy-Øn¬ Pqembv ]Xn-s\-´n\v Ccbn-Ω≥
Xºn kvamcI aμn-c-Øn¬
(hm-c-\m-Sv, \Sp-hnse tImhn-e-Iw)
BN-cn-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn.
cmhnse 9 aWn°v Cc-bn-Ω≥
Xºn A\p-kvacW \K-dn¬ Ae-
-cn® Ombm-Nn-{X-Øns‚ ap∂n¬
{SÃp sk{I-´dn cpKv-an-Wn-`mbn
Xºpcm´n `{Z-Zo]w sImfpØn
]pjv]m¿®\ \S-Øn. XpS¿∂p
\S∂ A\p-kva-cW ktΩ-f-\-Øn¬
Ihn-b-cßv, Imhym-em-]\w XpS-ßnbh
\S-∂p. {Kma-]-©m-bØp {]kn-
U‚ sI.-sI. sN√-∏≥ A≤y-
£X hln® kmwkvIm-cnI ktΩf-\-Øn¬
{SÃv sNb¿am≥ IrjvWh¿Ω
kzmKXw Biw-kn-®p.
kmlnXy A°m-Uan sk{I-´dn
]pcp-j≥ IS-ep≠n kmwkvIm-cnI
ktΩ-f\w DZvLm-S\w sNbvXp.
s{]m^. Aº-e-∏pg cma-h¿Ω
""B´-°-Ym-km-ln-Xy-Øn¬ Cc-bn-
Ω≥ Xºn-bpsS kw`m-h\''F∂
¿Uv t\Snb Xpd-hq¿ cay°pw sIm®n £{Xn-b-k-amPw
kwÿm\ bph-P-t\m-’-h-Øn¬
sIm®n £{Xnb kamPØn
a±-f-Øn\v hnP-bn-bmb amÿ
s‚ HmWmtLmjhpw hntijm¬
kpt[hv h¿Ω°pw (ss\j-[s]mXptbmKhpw
sk]v‰w_¿
Øn¬ [t\jv˛ssieP Zº-Xn-I-
13˛mw XnbXn kamP aμncØn¬
fpsS ]p{X-≥) s]m∂m-S \¬In
h®v \SØn.
A\p-tam-Zn-®p.
Ip´nIfpsS Iem]cn]mSn
sshIn´v 7 aWn apX¬ Xncp-
Ifpw Ggv apX¬ ]{¥≠p hsc
h-\-¥-]pcw BIm-i-hmWn Ah-X-
Ivfm pIfn¬ IqSpX¬ am¿°v
cn-∏n® tIm´-bv°¬ IY-Ifn tbmKhmßnb
Ip´nIƒ°pw Un{Kn,
Øns‚ IY-Ifn]Z-I-t®cn \S∂p.
t]mÃv {KmtPz-‰v, s{]m^-j-W¬
AXn-\p-tijw civan B≥Uv]m¿´n-
tImgvkv apXembh ]q¿ØoIcn®
bpsS \r-Ø-\r-Xy-]-cn-]mSn D≠m-bn-
Ip´nIƒ°pw IymjvAhm¿ UpIƒ
cp-∂p. ktΩ-f-\-Øn¬ {SÃv
hnX-cWw sNbvXp.
sNb¿am≥ IrjvW-h¿Ω \μn
tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn.
AjvSmw-K-cXv\]pc-kvImcw
]n. sI. ]c-ta-iz-c≥
Bbp¿thZ cwKsØ ka{K
\mb-cpsS Poh-N-cn{Xw kw`m-h-\-Iƒ°mbn tIcf
k¿°m¿ G¿s∏-Sp-Ønb 2007
-tUm. Fgp-a-‰q¿ cmP-cm-P-
te°p≈ AjvSmw-K-cXv\ ]pch¿Ω-bpsS
A`y¿∞\
kvImcw Nme-°pSn Ingt°
Poh-N-cn{XImc≥, kmlnXy aTØnse sshZy-`q-jWw sI.-cm-L-
Ncn{X c-N-bn-Xm-hv, \ncq-]-I≥, h≥ Xncp-ap-ev]m-Sn\p 25 am¿®v
Km‘n-b≥, XØz-Nn-¥-I≥ F∂n- 2008\v e`n®p.
ßs\ hnhn[ \ne-
I-fn¬ ae-bmf
kmln-Xy-Øn\pw
tIcf kwkvIm-c-
Øn\pw ad-°m-\mhmØ
kw`m-h\
sNbvX bi-»-co-c-
\mb ]n.-sI. ]c-taiz-c≥
\mb-cpsS
Poh-N-cn{Xw cNn-
°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ {ia-
Øn-emWp Rm≥.
]n.-sI.bpsS BZy-
Ime {KŸ-ßtfm
anI® Bbp¿thZtUmIvS¿am¿°p≈2007se Ahm¿Up-Iƒ
A{]-Im-inX cN-\- Btcm-Ky-a{¥n ]n.-sI. {ioaXn -So-®¿ Xncp-h-\-¥-]p-cØv I\-I-
Itfm Ub-dn-Itfm °p∂v sIm´m-c-Øn¬ hnX-cWw sNøp-∂p. sshZy-`q-jWw cmL-
IØp-Itfm Nn{Xh≥ Xncp-ap¬∏m-Sns‚ aI≥ tUm. sI. apcfn (doU¿ Kh.
Bbp¿ thZ tImtfPv, Xr∏q-Wn-Øp-d) BWv Ahm¿Uv G‰pßtfm
a‰p tcJ- hm-ßp-∂-Xv.
£m{X-k-tμiw 2008 Pqsse ˛ sk]v‰w-]-_¿ 32

tNmdqWv
Nme-°pSn sIm´m-c-Øn¬
aT-Ønse atl-i≥ ˛ kn‘p Zº-
Xn-I-fpsS aI≥ ]m¿∞km-c-YnbpsS
tNmdqWv 12.07.2008\v kaw-
Kfw BtLm-jn-®p.
hnhm-l-hm¿jnIw
Nme-°pSn sIm´m-c-Øn¬
aT-Ønse \μ-Ip-am¿ h¿Ω ˛
caWn Zº-Xn-I-fpsS 25˛mw hnhml-hm¿jnIw
2008 Pqsse 3\v
33
2008 Pqsse ˛ sk]v‰w-_¿
BtLm-jn-®p.
DtZymKIb‰w, DtZymK e_v[n
Nme-°pSn sIm´m-c-Øn¬
aT-Ønse apc-fo-[-c-h¿Ω°v tIcf
t]meo-kn¬ ASI Bbn DtZymK
°b‰w e`n-®p.
Nme-°pSn sIm´m-c-Øn¬
aT-Øn¬ _me-cmah¿Ω-bpsS aI≥
Pbdmw h¿Ω A_p-Zm-_n-bn¬
UAE Exchange  Senior Officer
k∂n-[m\w
(Accounts) Bbn tPmen-bn¬ {]thin-®p.
Aw_m-enI Xºp-cm-´n-bpsS
\hXn BtLmjn®p
]c-∏-\m´v
kzcq-]-Ønse
henb Xºpcm´n
lcn-∏mSv A\-¥-
]p-cØp sIm´m-c-
Øn¬ ]qcw-\mƒ
Aw_m-enI Xºpcm´nbpsS
\hXn BKÃv 31\v kaw-
Kfw BtLm-jn-®p. {io. s\√ntbmSv
hmkptZh≥ \ºq-Xn-cn-bpsS
apJy-Im¿Ωn-I-Xz-Øn¬ hnhn[
]qPm-I¿Ω-߃ tIm´-bv°-IsØ
IrjvW-hn-lm-dn¬ \S-∂p. `P-\-∏pc
sIm´m-c-Øn¬ \S∂ ]nd-∂m-fmtLm-j-®-S-ßn¬
{ioh-cmlw
Atim-Is‚ tkm]m-\-kw-Ko-Xhpw
ambm-h¿Ω-bpsS hoW-°-t®-cnbpw
D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. lcn-∏m-Sv, ]¥-fw,
Xr∏qWnØp-d, Xriq¿ apX-emb
ÿe-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw Xncp-h-\-¥-]pcØp
\n∂p-ambn _‘p-P-\-ß-f-
S°w \nc-h[n t]¿ NS-ßp-I-fnepw
]nd-∂mƒ kZy-bnepw ]s-Sp-Øp.
F¬. kn. cma-h¿Ω
\ncym-X-\mbn
]c-∏-\m´p
cmPhwi-Ønse
henb Xºp-cm≥
Nß-\m-t»cn
e£van-]pcw sIm´mc-Øn¬
F¬.-kn.
cmah¿Ω(86)
BKÃv 2\v Xncph-\-¥-]p-cØv
tIm´-bv°Iw
{]im¥v \K¿ "Nn{X'-bn¬ \ncym-X-
\m-bn. Zo¿L-Imew sslkvIqƒ
slUvam-Ã-dmbn tkh-\-a-\p-jvTn®
cma-h¿Ωbv°v anI® A≤ym-]-I-
\p≈ cmjv{S-]-Xn-bpsS Ahm¿Uv
e`n-®n-´p-≠v. Hcp \√ Iem-Im-c\pw
kwKo-X-{]n-b-\p-am-bn-cp∂ At±lw
GXm\pw kn\n-a-I-fnepw Nne kocnb-ep-I-fnepw
A`n-\-bn-®n-´p-≠v.
kzmXn Xncp-\mƒ kwKoXk`-bpsS
sNb¿am-\mbn Zo¿L-Imew
{]h¿Øn-®n-cp∂ At±lw acn-°ptºmgpw
B ]Zhnbn¬ XpS¿∂p
hcn-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. amth-en-°c
£m{X-k-tμiw

henb sIm´m-c-Ønse kpIp-amcn
h¿Ω-bmWv kl-[¿Ωn-Wn. A¥cn®
hnP-b-h¿Ω (IDBI), tUm. B¿.
hn. h¿Ω (sa-º¿ sk{I-´-dn, sI.-
F-kv.-_n.-_n. {ioaXn Kncn-Pm-cmP
({]n≥kn-∏¬, kn.-B¿.-]n. F^v.
kvIqƒ, \yqU¬ln) {ioaXn tim`-
\m- c-ho-{μ≥ F∂n-h¿ a°fpw
{ioaXn im¥m-h¿Ω A¥-cn® sI.sI.
cmP, tUm. Aw_n-Im-h¿Ω,
tUm. cho-{μh¿Ω F∂n-h¿ acp-°fp-am-Wv.
{]ikvX I¿Æm-SI
kwKo-X-⁄≥ A¥-cn® F¬.-]n.
B¿. h¿Ω, BIm-i-hmWn
\yqkvdo-U¿ Bbn-cp∂ A¥-cn®
{]Xm-]≥ F∂n-h¿ Cfb ktlm-
Z-c-ß-fm-Wv.
A∂-Zm\w \SØn
A¥-cn® F¬.-kn. cma-h¿ΩbpsS
kvac-Wm¿∞w Xncp-h-\-¥-]pcØv
{io Nn{Xm-tlm-anse At¥hm-kn-Iƒ°v
A∂-Zm\w \S-Øn.
]tc-Xs‚ Hm¿Ω-°mbn IpSpw-_mw-
K-߃ \¬Inb XpI (Rs. 11,000)-
£{Xnbt£a-k-`-bpsS Poh-Im-cp-
Wy-{]-h¿Ø-\-߃°v hn\n-tbm-Kn-
°p-∂-Xn-\mbn sk]v‰w-_¿ 19\v
{ioNn-{Xm-tlm-an¬ A∂-Zm\w \S-
Øp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p.
\ncym-X-cmbn
cma-h¿Ω-cmP
]-¥-fØv sIm´m-c-Øn¬ hnim-
Jw-\mƒ B¿. cma-h¿Ω-cmP (82)
sk]v‰w-_¿ c≠n\v _mw•q-cn¬
\ncym-X-\m-bn. ]me-°m´v IpXn-c-h-
´Øv tIm´-bn¬ ktcm-Pn\n Xºm-
´n-bmWv `mcy. a°ƒ APn-Xv,
_m_p, kpa.
Aw_- -X-ºp-cm´n
]¥-fØv ]pØ≥tImbn-°¬
tNmXn-\mƒ Aw_-X-ºp-cm´n
(cm[˛79) sk]v‰w-_¿ 12\v \ncym-Xbmbn.
Kcp-U-aw-Kew \c-knw-l≥
\ºq-Xn-cn-bmWv `¿Øm-hv. ]n.-F≥.
IrjvW-h¿Ω (GREF) Acp-Wm-
N¬) Acp¨ (Zp-_m-bv) _o\
F∂n-h¿ a°-fm-Wv.
]fln\n Xºp-cm≥
sIm®n cmP-Ip-Spw-_-Ønse
IpΩ Xºp-cm≥ Ia-em-ebw
]me-kn¬ ]fln\n Xºp-cm≥ (94)
sk]v‰w-_¿ 14\v \ncym-X-bm-bn.
]tc-X-\mb s\√n-°m´v hmkp-tZh≥
\ºq-Xn-cn-bmWv `¿Øm-hv.
a°ƒ: Ia-em-tZhn Xºp-cm≥,
im¥ Xºp-cm≥, tUm. `ma Xºpcm≥,
KoX Xºp-cm≥, Xw Xºpcm≥
at\m-ca Xºp-cm´n
lcn-∏m´v A\-¥-]p-cØp sIm´m-
c-Øn¬ hnimJw\mƒ at\m-c-a-
X-ºp-cm´n (80) sk]v‰w-_¿ 16\v
\ncym-X-bm-bn. ]¥-fØv sIm´m-c-
Øn¬ ]n.-kn. cma-h¿Ω cmP-bmWv
`¿Øm-hv. icXv›{μ-h¿Ω (dn-´.
tem°¬ ^≠v BUn-‰v) ]tc-X-
\mb cma-Zm-kv, tla-e-X, tIc-fh¿Ω
(s^-U-d¬_m-v) e£van,
Dj, aoc F∂n-h-cmWv a°ƒ.
alm-dmWn tkXp-]m¿h-Xo-_mbn
kvamcI hnZym-`ymk kvtImf¿jn∏v tPXm-°ƒ
F≥Pn\o-b-dnwKv B. Tech saUn-kn≥ (B.D.S.)
Ipamcn F. A¿®\
B¿. hnjvWp-{]-kmZv
hnZym A°m-Zan Hm^v
sk©pdnsU‚¿
kb≥kv & sSIvt\m-
tImtfPv,Imk¿
fPn, Xriq¿ (kn-hn¬
tKmUv, ]pXnb
F≥Pn-\o-b-dnw-Kv)
tImhn-eIw, Imcq¿,
Abv-cq¿ tImhneIw
Aº-e-∏pg ]n.H.,
Xr-iq¿
Be-∏pg
Rs. 10,000/- Per Year
Rs. 10,000/- Per Year
B¿. icXv h¿Ω
Un{Kn tImgvkv
cmP-Kncn kvIqƒ Hm^v
Ipamcn hn.-Fw. kwKo-X-h¿Ω
F≥Pn-\o-b-dnwKv
sSIvt\m-fPn, sIm®n,
]ø-∂q¿tImtfPv
(C-e-Ivt{Sm-WnIvkv &
(I-Æq¿ bqWn-th-
IΩyq-Wn-t°-j≥)
gvkn‰n)
ku]¿WnI, I√d
hSt° aT-Øn¬
kuØv ]n.-H., tIm´bw
KoXm-ebw, tIm°mSv
Rs. 5,000/- Per Year
a≠q¿. ]n.-H., IÆq¿
Rs. 5,000/- Per Year
sshhm-lnIw XpS¿®....
BOX No. 372
Kshatriya girl 23 Yrs. (5.4.1985) Atham Star, 5'4". B.FA. Employed in an Advt.
firm in Bangalore . Parents settled in Bangalore. Only one sister (Married) Seeks
alliance from parents of suitably employed Kshatriya Youths. Box No. 372
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£m{X-k-tμiw 2008 Pqsse ˛ sk]v‰w-]-_¿ 34
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ip
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Kp
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35
sshhm-lnIw
Xmsg sImSp-Øn-cn-°p∂ t_mIvkv \º-cp-I-fn-te°v
£{Xn-b -bp-hXn/bphm-°-fpsS c£-I¿Øm-°-fn¬ \n∂pw
PmX-I-°p-dn∏v klnXw hnhm-lm-tem-N-\-Iƒ £Wn-
°p-∂p. Xm¬∏-cy-ap-≈-h¿ hni-Z-amb _tbm-tU-‰bpw PmX-
I°p-dn∏pw klnXw ]{Xm-[n-]¿, ]{Xm-[n-]¿, "£m{X-k-tμiw'
"£m{X-k-tμiw'
"£m{X-k-tμiw'
kpμ-c-hn-emkwkpμ-c-hn-emkw ]me- ]me- v, v, v, tIm´-bv°-Iw, tIm´-bv°-Iw, tIm´-bv°-Iw, Xncp-h-\- Xncp-h-\- Xncp-h-\-
¥-]p-cw˛695023 ¥-]p-cw˛695023 (t^m¨ (t^m¨ ˛ ˛ 2467845) 2467845) F∂ hnem-k-
Øn¬ _‘-s∏-Sp-I. H∂n¬ IqSp-X¬ t_mIvkv \ºcp-I-fn-te°v
IØ-b-°p-∂-h¿ _tbm-tU-‰bpsSbpw PmX-
I-°p-dn-∏n-s‚bpw Bh-iy-ap≈{X tIm∏n-Iƒ Ab-®n-cn-°-
Ww.
h[p-hns\ Bh-iy-ap≠v
BOX No. 361
Kshatriya youth 38 yrs. (28.08.1970) Punartham Star, 161cm,
Diploma Course completed Insurance Agent. Parents of
Kshatriya/Samantha girls may please contact with Bio-data &
Horoscope to Phone No. 9995023216 Box No. 361
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Kp
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P\-\-injvS Zi 5 h¿jw 2 amkw 26 Znhkw Kpcp-Zi
2008 Pqsse ˛ sk]v‰w-_¿
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BOX No. 362
£{Xnb bphmhv 44 hb v (01.5.1964) ]qcmSw \£-{Xw,
shfpØ \ndw, 165 cm, BZy hnhmlw I.T.C. kmº¬]qcn¬
kzImcy hyh-kmb ÿm]-\-Øn¬ Hm^o-k¿ Bbn tPmen
t\m°p-∂p. £{Xn-b, kma¥ bph-Xn-I-fpsS c£n-Xm-°-fn¬
\n∂pw {Kl-\ne klnXw Btem-N-\-Iƒ £Wn-®p-sIm-≈p-
∂p.Ph. 9446941653
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k∂n-[m\w
BOX No. 364
Kshatriya boy 29 Yrs. (17-4-1979) Star Makam, 176 cm.
employed in Canada (Torronto) in a MNC. Parents settled in
Trivandrum. Qualifications MSc, MBA. Proposals invited from
parents of professionally qualified Kshatriya girl. Box No.
364
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Kp
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17-˛4˛1979 AkvX-an®v 4 \mgnI 8 hn\m-gnI
aqew \£{Xw 8˛07-˛24 Pm
injvS Zi 3 h¿jw 9 amkw 7 Znhkw tIXp-Zi
BOX No. 365
Kshatriya Youth 32 Yrs. (3-9-1976) Moolam Star, 5'5'', MA,
BEd. Working as School Teacher in Chennai. Two sisters &
One brother, all are married and settled. Proposals with
bio-data & horoscope from parents of suitable Kshatriya girls
invited. Box No. 365
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Ip
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BOX No. 363
Kshatriya Youth 28 Yrs. (26-9-1980) Aswathy Star, 5', 8",
Fair, B.Sc. Bio-Tech. MBA,doing business in partnership.
Earning Rs. 30,000/- per month. Hails from well-to-do family.
Father: Member Secretary, Govt. of Kerala, Mother: University
professor. Seeks alliance from well to do families. Good looking,
qualified, Kshatriya/Menon/Nambiar girls of 22-24 age group
preferred. Box No. 363
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in
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Kp
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BOX No. 366
Kshatriya Youth 30 Yrs. (22-4-1978) Chithira Star 5 ' 7 " Ph.D
in Bio-Technology. Working as Research Scientist in a well
established Pharmaceutical Co.Proposals invited from
parents of suitably qualified and employed kshatriya girls.
Box No. 366
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in
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c
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BOX No. 369
Kshatriya girl 26 Yrs. (6-7-1982) Pooradom Star, 152 cms.
Wheatish Complexion, MIB/MBA working in Dubai. Matrimonial
alliance sought from parents of qualified and employed
Kshatriya Youths along with horoscope and biodata.
Box No. 369
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Kshatriya girl 22 Yrs. (1-10-1986) Makam Star, 165 cms,
Fair Complexion B. Tech (Information Technology) Alliance
Sought from parents of Suitably qualified and employed
Kshatriya boys. Box No. 370
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£m{X-k-tμiw 2008 Pqsse ˛ sk]v‰w-]-_¿ 38

KSHATRA SANDESAM
39
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""hcq \ap°v H∂n®v hfcmw''

KSHATRA SANDESAM
Quarterly News Magazine of Kshatriya Kshema Sabha
39
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2008 Pqsse ˛ sk]v‰w-_¿
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