E. Coli

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Review of Literature Abd-Allah (1981) mentioned that 275 chicks died in the first 10 days yielded Klebsiella species from heart blood, lung and unabsorbed yolk sac. Brenner (1984) found that members of Citrobacter species are opportunistic pathogens, also Klebsiella species and enterobacterial species are opportunistic organisms. Morley and Thomson (1984) reported an outbreak of ocular disease caused by Klebsiella species affected a flock of 4 weeks-old. Orajaka and Mohan (1985) reported that Klebsiella species could cause embryo mortalities and excess losses in young chickens. Rosenberger et al. (1985) reported that Klebsiella species are environmental contaminants that occasionally cause embryo mortalities and excess losses in young chicken. Abdel-Gawad (1989) recovered Proteus mirabilis from 33 (10.6%) out of 310 dead baby chicks. P. mirabilis strains were pathogenic to chicks, causing congestion of liver, heart, lung, spleen, kidney, unabsorbed yolk sac and omphalitis wither 24 hour after infection. Lin et al. (1993) found that Proteus morganis (Morganella morgani) cause 50% mortality in experimentally inoculated 4-weeks old chickens. 16
Review of Literature Mohamad (1996) examined 150 baby chicks; disease and freshly dead at Sharkia Governorate broiler farms. He found the incidence of Klebsiella species (33.3%), Proteus species (22%) and Psendomonas aeroginosa (8.7%). Barnes and Gross (1997) reported that Proteus morgani has been associated with respiratory disease in chickens. Sakr (1998) found that 15 Salmonella species (2.4%), 14 Klebsiella species (2.4%), 12 Proteus species (2.1%), 9 Shigella species (1.5%), 7 Citrobacter species (1.2%) and 8 Pseudomonas aeruginosa (1.3%). Serological identification of the isolated forty E. coli strains revealed 9 O:128 (20%), 7 O:1 (15.6%), 3 O:14 (13.3%) 5 O:26 (11.1%), 4 O:1 (8.9%), 4 O:125 (8.9%) and 3 O:3 with prevalence of 6.7%. Hatab (2001) reported that mash ration of broilers proved to be highly contaminated with many pathogenic and potentially pathogenic organisms of Enterobacterialecie than pelleted feed Klebsiella species were isolated (32%) from raw mash, P. margani (M. morganii) (16%). Proteus mirabilis (8%), Salmonella species (12%), Enterobacterial species (16%) and Citrobacter species (8%), while in pellet feed Klebsiella species (24%), Proteus mirabilis (4%) and Citrobacter species (4%). Taha (2002) isolated Proteus species (13%), Klebsiella (4.3%), Citrobacter species (21.7%), Entrobacter species (4.3%) and Edwardsiella species (13%) from chicken in Sharkia. Enteric bacteria were isolated from water samples as Proteus (11.5%), Klebsiella 17
Page 1 and 2: A STUDY ON THE USE OF ANTIBIOTICS I
Page 3 and 4: List of contents Page 1-Introductio
Page 5 and 6: Tables Page Table(1)Biochemical rea
Page 7 and 8: Acknowledgements First of all thank
Page 9 and 10: 2 Introduction certain serogroups,
Page 11 and 12: Sodium chloride 5.0 g/l Agar pH 7.3
Page 13 and 14: Sodium citrate, tribasic 2.0 g/l So
Page 15 and 16: 3.1.4.Solutions and indicators in b
Page 17 and 18: Polyvalent 4: O6 , O27 , O78 , O148
Page 19 and 20: serological identification accordin
Page 21 and 22: 6- Urease test The test determine t
Page 23 and 24: 3. The plate was swabbed in differe
Page 25 and 26: 2.REVIEW OF LITERATURE 2.1. Inciden
Page 27 and 28: Review of Literature suggested that
Page 29 and 30: Review of Literature K5 (37.5%), 15
Page 31 and 32: Review of Literature within Ireland
Page 33 and 34: Review of Literature salmonella spe
Page 35 and 36: Review of Literature Sasipreeyajan
Page 37: Review of Literature Moreno et al.
Page 41 and 42: Review of Literature pencillin (68.
Page 43 and 44: Review of Literature El-Ghamdi et a
Page 45 and 46: Review of Literature serious ever l
Page 47 and 48: Review of Literature the time from
Page 49 and 50: Review of Literature isolates from
Page 51 and 52: 4.Results A total of 295 chicken sa
Page 53 and 54: Table (4): Incidence of chicken Ent
Page 55 and 56: Abolila 11 10/11(90.9%) 10/10(100%)
Page 57 and 58: fermentation (Lactose, Maltose, Man
Page 59 and 60: isolates were salmonella, pseudomon
Page 61 and 62: Fig.(3)Triple sugar iron agar(TSI),
Page 63 and 64: Fig.(4).Citrate negative E.coli iso
Page 65 and 66: Fig.(6)An isolate was sensitive to
Page 67 and 68: Farm Mansoura1 Omda1 Asher3 Asher4
Page 69 and 70: Gentamycin, Colistin, Erythromycin,
Page 71 and 72: Trimethoprim), Colistin, Erythromyc
Page 73 and 74: (Sulpamethox-azole/ Trimethoprim),
Page 75 and 76: Table(10)Sensitivity pattern for is
Page 77 and 78: R = Resistant S = Sensitive CTX30 =
Page 79 and 80: Table(12 )Sensitivity Pattern of is
Page 81 and 82: Doxycyclin, Erythromycin, were effe
Page 83 and 84: Fig.(8) Sensitivity percentages of
Page 85 and 86: Discussion Concerning bacteriologic
Page 87 and 88: al., (1997) reported that 10% of E.
Page 89 and 90:
1/2(50%) Salmonella broiler isolate
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12/14(85.71%) E.coli isolates from
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streptomycin, meanwhile higher perc
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Two out of eleven(18.18%) E.coli is
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and Nguyen (1995) who reported mode
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Summary Bacterial diseases have lon
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epresented 105/138(76.08%) and 33/1
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100%, 100%, 63.63%, 63.63%, 63.63%,
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3-Results of antibiogram on biotype
Page 108 and 109:
a pediatric cohort in aperiurbab ar
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Bozorgmehri O., Fard M.H. and Gilan
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importance in some poultry farms. 7
Page 114 and 115:
Fisher M.E., Trampel D. W. and Grif
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Hui, A.K. and Das, R., (2000): Prev
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Kikuvi, G.M.; Ole-Mapenay, I.M.; Mi
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Machado J. and Bernardo F. (1990):
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Oxoid manual (1998): The oxoid manu
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and O 157 Serotypes from piglets an
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Van Donkersgoed J., Manninen K., Po
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ﻦﻴﺘﺴﻟﻮآ , ﻦﻴﺳﺎ
Page 130:
- She received her primary educatio
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E. Coli

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