FACTORS AFFECTING THE PERFORMANCE OF WOMEN ENTREPRENEURS IN MICRO ...

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ABSTRACT This study was designed to assess the factors that affect the performance of women entrepreneurs in MSEs .It also addressed the characteristics of women entrepreneurs in MSEs and their enterprises and the supports they acquire from TVET colleges/institutes. A sample of 203 women entrepreneurs engaged in 5 sectors was taken for the study using stratified and simple random sampling. In the process of answering the basic questions, a questionnaire that include demographic profiles, characteristics of women entrepreneurs and their enterprises, factors that affect the performance of women entrepreneurs in MSEs and supports MSEs acquire from TVETs was designed in a closed ended and likert scales. Moreover, interviews were held with top officials of MSEs, micro finances and TVET educators. After the data has been collected, it was analyzed using simple statistical techniques (tables and percentages) and descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviations).The results of the study indicates the personal characteristics of women entrepreneurs in MSEs and their enterprise affect their performance .It also shows that lack of own premises(land),financial access, stiff competition, inadequate access to training, access to technology and access to raw materials were the key economic factors that affect the performance of women entrepreneurs in MSEs. The study also found that conflicting gender roles, social acceptability and ,network with outsiders were the major social factors that affect these entrepreneurs .Furthermore, the main legal/ administrative factors include access to policy makers, high amount of tax and interest, bureaucracies and red tapes, and over all legal and regulatory environments. The study also found that even though TVETs provide technology, machine maintenance, technical skill training and facility supports, co operations in the areas of business related trainings are poor. Based on the major findings, recommendations were forwarded to existing and potential entrepreneurs, MSEs, Micro finances and TVET educators. ix
CHAPTER ONE <strong>IN</strong>TRODUCTION This chapter addresses the introductory part of the research. It basically includes background of the study, statement of the problem, purpose and significance of the study, delimitation of the study, limitations of the study, and definition of basic terms. 1.1 Background of the study Entrepreneurship is increasingly recognized as an important driver of economic growth, productivity, innovation and employment, and it is widely accepted as a key aspect of economic dynamism. Transforming ideas into economic opportunities is the decisive issue of entrepreneurship. History shows that economic progress has been significantly advanced by pragmatic people who are entrepreneurial and innovative, able to exploit opportunities and willing to take risks (Hisrich, 2005). The role of entrepreneurship and an entrepreneurial culture in economic and social development has often been underestimated. Over the years, however, it has become increasingly apparent that entrepreneurship indeed contributes to economic development. Nevertheless, the significant numbers of enterprises were owned by men (ILO, 2006). In other words, it was not common to see women-owned businesses worldwide especially in developing countries like Ethiopia. The idea and practice of women entrepreneurship is a recent phenomenon. Until the 1980’s little was known about women entrepreneurship both in practice and research, which made its focus entirely on men. Scientific discourse about women’s entrepreneurship and women owned and run organizations is just the development of 1980s (ILO, 2006). Even though we observe a number of women entrepreneurs in the business, recent studies show that most of them are found in Micro and Small Enterprises(MSEs). According to the Ethiopian Central Statistics Authority (2004), almost 50% of all new jobs created in Ethiopia are attributable to small businesses and enterprises, and roughly 49% of new businesses that were operational between 1991 and 2003 were owned by women. 1
Page 1 and 2: \ FACTORS AFFECTING THE PERFORMANCE
Page 4 and 5: BAHIRDAR UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF E
Page 6 and 7: TABLE OF CONTENTS Contents Page ACK
Page 8 and 9: LIST OF TABLES Table 1 Pros and con
Page 12 and 13: According to Aregash as cited in Es
Page 14 and 15: Entrepreneurship education is desig
Page 16 and 17: addresses the training, machine, fi
Page 18 and 19: CHAPTER TWO REVIEW OF RELATED LITER
Page 20 and 21: 2.1.2 The benefits of entrepreneurs
Page 22 and 23: Besides this, Gemechis (2007), Hisr
Page 24 and 25: 2.2 Women entrepreneurship Women’
Page 26 and 27: ventures than women; male owners we
Page 28 and 29: United States as sited in UNECE (20
Page 30 and 31: entrepreneurship as a career option
Page 32 and 33: that can be offered as collateral f
Page 34 and 35: entrepreneurs in MSEs use and devel
Page 36 and 37: Micro Enterprises are those small b
Page 38 and 39: • Networking with all organizatio
Page 40 and 41: • Integrating in teaching learnin
Page 42 and 43: The two programs have started some
Page 44 and 45: The following table summarizes the
Page 46 and 47: scores and deviations among respond
Page 48 and 49: Table 4. Respondents’ demographic
Page 50 and 51: As can be seen from the table ,majo
Page 52 and 53: As one can see from the table above
Page 54 and 55: Table11. Family entrepreneurial his
Page 56 and 57: Table 13. Economic factors that aff
Page 58 and 59: current states that these factors h
Page 60 and 61:
Table 15. Legal and administrative
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The grand mean (2.49) and grand sta
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given to women entrepreneurs in ord
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eturning what they have borrowed. B
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finances allow women to be organize
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CHAPTER FIVE SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AN
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• Of the major factors that affec
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entrepreneurs, NGOs, banks and othe
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REFERENCES Admassie,A. & Amha,W. (2
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Negash, Z. & Kena, T. (2003). State
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APPENDICES 70
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4. Marital status A. Married B. Sin
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PART 3: FACTORS AFFECTING WOMEN ENT
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Part 4: Support areas of TVETs to M
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APPENDIX C BAHIR DAR UNIVERSITY POS
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APPENDIX E ¾vI` ¾vI` Ç` Ç` ¿
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Responses Response s Responses Resp
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