Registration document 2007 - Total.com
Registration document 2007 - Total.com
Registration document 2007 - Total.com
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9<br />
31) Other information<br />
A) Research and development costs<br />
Research and development costs incurred by the Group in 2006<br />
amounted to 569 M€, corresponding to 0.4% of the turnover.<br />
The staff dedicated in 2006 to these research and development<br />
activities are estimated at 4,091 people.<br />
B) Taxes paid to Middle East oil-producing countries for<br />
the portion which TOTAL held historically as concessions<br />
Taxes paid for the portion that TOTAL held historically as<br />
concessions (Abu Dhabi offshore and onshore, Dubai offshore,<br />
Oman and Abu Al Bu Khoosh) included in operating expenses<br />
amounted to 2,906 M€ in 2006 (2,242 M€ in 2005).<br />
C) Emission rights<br />
The principles governing the accounting for Emission Rights are<br />
presented in the note 1T to the consolidated financial<br />
statements.<br />
At December 31, 2006, the Emission Rights delivered to Group<br />
sites were sufficient with respect to the emissions in 2006. Thus,<br />
the Group recognized no provisions for allowances to be returned.<br />
32) Arkema spin-off<br />
The spin-off of Arkema led to the distribution of Arkema shares to<br />
TOTAL shareholders (other than TOTAL S.A). This operation can<br />
be analyzed as an exchange of non-monetary assets for TOTAL<br />
S.A. shareholders.<br />
As International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) does not<br />
contain specific rules for this type of transaction, the accounting<br />
treatment of the spin-off in TOTAL’s consolidated financial<br />
statements has been based on Generally Accepted Accounting<br />
Principles in the United States (U.S. GAAP), and more particularly<br />
on opinion APB 29 (Accounting Principles Board Opinions)<br />
“Accounting for Non-monetary Transactions”.<br />
All assets and liabilities which were spun off have been<br />
derecognized on the basis of their net book value, with a<br />
corresponding decrease of consolidated shareholders’ equity and<br />
no impact on the Group’s consolidated net in<strong>com</strong>e.<br />
The spin-off of Arkema was approved by the Shareholders’<br />
Meeting held on May 12, 2006. Since Arkema’s results for the<br />
period between April 1, 2006 and May 12, 2006, were not<br />
material, the deconsolidation has been <strong>com</strong>pleted on the basis of<br />
Arkema book values as of March 31, 2006, also taking into<br />
account the capital increase that took place in April 2006.<br />
232<br />
Appendix 1 – Consolidated financial statements<br />
Notes to the consolidated financial statement<br />
TOTAL – <strong>Registration</strong> Document 2006<br />
In accordance with IFRS 5 “Non-current assets held for sale and<br />
discontinued operations”, the contribution of Arkema entities has<br />
been reported as discontinued operations since Arkema can be<br />
clearly distinguished and has been spun off in a single and<br />
coordinated plan.<br />
Financial information related to the Arkema’s contribution to the<br />
consolidated accounts is presented below. This contributive<br />
information is not directly <strong>com</strong>parable to the <strong>com</strong>bined and proforma<br />
accounts filed by Arkema for the purpose of its listing, as<br />
the latter have been based on specific conventions mainly related<br />
to the consolidation perimeter, accounting options and indicators.<br />
Tax losses of Arkema entities, as they occurred, have been used<br />
in the consolidated tax return of the Group.