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8 will be able to tell that the other speaker is from West Aceh dialect, but if he is not, he might just wonder why this person speaks in a rather different intonation. It is worth noting that the grammar book for elementary schools, Tatabahasa Atieh (1968) and some reading books were written by a teacher writer who came from this dialect, the late Djauhari Ishak. In a mountain area between Banda Aceh and Meulaboh, there is a small dialect, called Daya. Geographically, this dialect is in the area of West Aceh, but it is separated from the rest by, unoccupied mountain areas. This dialect is marked by the replacement of the final [o»] by [ai]. Thus, baroe 'yesterday,' beusoe 'iron,' £al£s 'rope,' and jaroe 'hand' are fbarail, fbmsail, [£alai], and [ja£ai] respectively in this dialect. Aside from phonological differences, there are also differences in the choice of words or in the use of certain expressions. For example, in some areas in Greater Aceh, people used the word nyak for 'mother,' whereas in other dialect ma or mak. In Greater Aceh, baroh means 'below,' in North Aceh and Pidie it means 'north.' For 'below' they use the word (di) vup. In North Aceh they say galak for the meaning 'to like,' but in Pidie they say harok. Both dialects have these words, but each dialect often uses one and rarely the other. In North Aceh, harok has a stronger meaning than galak. Besides, it is only used for things that one likes, not for food. In Pidie it can be used for both.
There are many other examples; one or two may be really new for people of other dialects. Misunderstanding may sometimes result when a speaker from one dialect uses a word which means one thing in his dialect and another in the hearer's dialect. As for the differences in the pronunciation of certain sounds, they rarely cause a problem in comunication. A speaker from a dialect that does not use the voiced velar fricative [¥]•, for example, may be slow in understanding the first word he hears containing this sound, but not after that. I often had relatives or guests from my village who came to Banda Aceh, and they often talked about their first experience talking with people from Greater Aceh dialect. It is important to note, however, that we may sometimes find people who exaggerate saying that people from the other dialect speak so differently that they do not understand them. I have heard such an exaggeration several times. I think we all do this. Of course, we do not really mean so when we say it. Maybe what we mean is that our own dialect is better than other dialects, which is of course not true. 1.3 Previous Works on Acehnese A relatively recent and complete bibliography on various works on Acehnese is Carlson (1983). And a good analysis of some previous linguistic studies of Acehnese can be found in the introductory chapter of Durie (1985). I have
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- Page 5 and 6: A contextual grammar of Acehnese se
- Page 7: INFORMATION TO USERS While the most
- Page 11: A CONTEXTUAL GRAMMAR OF ACEHNESE SE
- Page 14 and 15: For my wife and my children ii
- Page 16 and 17: found a way to help me. With Prof.
- Page 18 and 19: TABLE OF CONTENTS DEDICATION ii ACK
- Page 20 and 21: 3.3.1 Subject 149 3.3.2 Predicate 1
- Page 22 and 23: Table LIST OF TABLES 1. Pronouns 40
- Page 24 and 25: Meulaboh) and in South Aceh (Capita
- Page 26 and 27: North Aceh dialect. The Greater Ace
- Page 28 and 29: [u] . In the following words, [u] i
- Page 32 and 33: 10 nothing much to add to what Duri
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- Page 36 and 37: 1.4.1 Phonetic Inventory 14 Acehnes
- Page 38 and 39: 16 In addition to single consonants
- Page 40 and 41: 18 Besides single vowels, there are
- Page 42 and 43: 20 which is [rapa?i] 'traditional A
- Page 44 and 45: a). [w] is written as an. 22 beukah
- Page 46 and 47: 'i 'e [iii]. Diphthongs 24 Nasal Vo
- Page 48 and 49: 26 1.4.3 Writing Borrowed Words Man
- Page 50 and 51: (ii) PP's: 28 di rumoh* 'in house (
- Page 52 and 53: 30 except those marked as unaccepta
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- Page 72 and 73: 50 kai 'a fourth of an are' gantano
- Page 74 and 75: 52 23. Peuet bak bak u payah koh. F
- Page 76 and 77: 54 30. Limong go on bubong treuk ka
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There are many other examples; one or two may be really<br />
new for people of other dialects. Misunderstanding may<br />
sometimes result when a speaker from one dialect uses a word<br />
which means one thing in his dialect and another in the<br />
hearer's dialect. As for the differences in the<br />
pronunciation of certain sounds, they rarely cause a problem<br />
in comunication. A speaker from a dialect that does not use<br />
the voiced velar fricative [¥]•, for example, may be slow in<br />
understanding the first word he hears containing this sound,<br />
but not after that. I often had relatives or guests from my<br />
village who came to Banda Aceh, and they often talked about<br />
their first experience talking with people from Greater Aceh<br />
dialect.<br />
It is important to note, however, that we may sometimes<br />
find people who exaggerate saying that people from the other<br />
dialect speak so differently that they do not understand<br />
them. I have heard such an exaggeration several times. I<br />
think we all do this. Of course, we do not really mean so<br />
when we say it. Maybe what we mean is that our own dialect<br />
is better than other dialects, which is of course not true.<br />
1.3 Previous Works on Acehnese<br />
A relatively recent and complete bibliography on<br />
various works on Acehnese is Carlson (1983). And a good<br />
analysis of some previous linguistic studies of Acehnese can<br />
be found in the introductory chapter of Durie (1985). I have