Baden-Württemberg - Lichens of Wales

More documents

Recommendations

Info

21* With other characteristics (ap. usually not punctiform. Hym. rarely over 120 µm, exception: A. pyrenopsoides). Without Norstictic acid . 22 22 Thallus only clearly developed as an ap. margin, otherwise lacking or indefinite. Ap. ± round, single, scattered to rarely 2-3 in a group, 0.2- 0.4(0.5) mm. Paraph. -1 µm. On calcareous or basic silicates . ↑ A. heppii (5) 22* Thallus clearly developed, squamulose to areolate. Areoles with from time to time 1 up to several ap. Paraph. thicker. Lichen not limited to calcareous or basic silicates . 23 23 Ap. often irregularly formed, angular or elongated, rarely round. Disk sunken, margin scarcely raised or indefinite. Hym. ca 60-80 µm (rarely up to 100 µm). Sp. 3-5 x (1.5)2-2.5 µm. A. impressula s.l. . 24 23* Ap. as a rule ± rounded . 26 24 Thallus cracked-areolate. Areoles mostly angular, closely flowing into one another, dark brown to black-brown, underside dark, 0.4-1.5 mm, from time to time without ap. Ap. 1-5 per areole, hollowed out, -0.4 mm, concave to flat, rounded to angular. Paraph. 1.5-2 µm . A. impressula 24* Thallus not consisting throughout of cracked areolate crust. Squamules single to mostly only a few grouped between/in other lichens, convex, red-brown to gray-brown, shiny, -1.8 mm. Ap. 0.1-1.5 mm, irregularly formed, often elongate, of a color similar to the thallus. Often parasitic 25 25 Squamules red-brown, ap. to 2-5 per squamule. Medulla granular because of crystals. E.g. on Aspicilia species A. hospitans 25* Squamules red-brown to gray-brown. Ap. to 2- 10 per squamule. Medulla without crystals . A. insolata 26 Thallus very pale brown to pale yellowish, very thin, cracked areolate, areoles flat to slightly concave, -0.8 mm. Ap. to 1-2, red- brown, sunken. Sp. 3-6 x 1-2 µm A. tongletii 26* Thallus definitely darker . 27 27 Thallus cracked areolate. Areoles angular, closely flowing into one another, flat, dark brown to black-brown, underside dark, 0.4-0.7 (1.0) mm, from time to time without ap. Ap. 1-5 per areole, -0.4 mm, concave to flat . ↑ A. impressula (24) 27* Thallus otherwise . 28 28 Parasitic. Ap. mostly up to 2-10 per squamule 29 28* Not parasitic 30 29 Sp. 3-5 x 2-3 µm. Squamules convex, shiny, redbrown, gray-brown . A. insolata (25) 29* Sp. 3-6 x 1.5-2 µm. Squamules strongly convex, dark brown to black-brown . A. pyrenopsoides (31) 30 Ap. 0.1-0.5 mm, without margin, concave (hollowed out), to 1-3 red-brown to dark brown. areoles red-brown, dark red-brown, 0.2-1.4 mm, scattered or several to a group, rounded to angular. Sp. 3-5 x 1.4-2 µm. Hym. 60-100 µm A. veronensis 30* Ap. usually at least partially with raised margin. Areoles appearing squamulose. Sp. 3-6 x 1.5-2 µm . 31 31 Squamules mostly dark brown, 0.4-2.5 mm, mostly convex (also light brown to brown, even to uneven, -4mm, almost squamulose, often crenate-lobed: v. praeruptorum), ap. -1.2 mm, often with somewhat rough disk. Hym. 70-130 µm. Paraph. 1.5-2(2.5) µm, above -5(6) µm. Very form rich A. nitrophila 31* Squamules dark brown to black brown, strongly convex. Ap. -0.7 mm, sunken, colored similar to the thallus. Hym. 70-150 µm. Paraph. 1.3-1.7 µm, above -3 µm ! A. pyrenopsoides Ecology and Distribution of the Species Acarospora badiofusca (Nyl.) Th.Fr. In high montane and alpine sites (rarely lower, as well as above all in dry-warm, continental sites: dealpin) on basic or calcareous or lime dust impregnated silicate rock and lime removed limestone, on very rain sheltered to rained upon surfaces, also on moderately dunged bird roosts, subneutrophic-neutrophic, extreme to very photophytic, moderately nitrophytic, on lower sites e.g. in Lecanoretum demissae, in higher in Aspicilion mastr. – arct-alp(pralp) – very rare (1); Vog, Ju Acarospora cervina Massal. Up to the montane zone on limestone on discreet places, like Placocarpus schaer. (↑), Char. Placocarpetum schaereri – mieur (subco)-med – rare (3); Ju, FrJu, Sju, O+, Ne, Mn, Th Acarospora fuscata (Nyl.) Th. Fr. Euryöke species, up to the alpine zone, above all on acid lime-free silicate rock, above all on sloping and horizontal surfaces, high point on sunny completely rain exposed places on ± hard rock, also as a apophyte in limestone frequent on wall crowns, tombstones etc. of lime- free natural stone, (subneutrophic-) moderate- extreme acidophyte, moderate-very phototrophic, anitrophytic to extremely nitrophytic, predominantly in crustose lichen stands, in pioneer habitats and permanent regions, Char. Rhizocarpetea geogr. – bor-med(mo) – rather(moderately) frequent Acarospora gallica H. Magn. 70
Similar to A. umbilicata (↑), Lecidella carp. (↑) – mieur-med – O (Heidelberg), Th Acarospora glaucocarpa (Ach.) Körber Very euryöke species, up to the alpine zone on lime poor to above all lime-rich rock, on very small boulders, rocks on round heads, steep, and overhanging surfaces of rock, rarely also on walls, even on nitrogen rich sites (dust, bird dunged), on moderate to very light rich, rainy to extremely rain sheltered habitats, basiphytic, (a-) to moderate nitrophytic, e.g. in the Aspicilion calc. – bor-med(mo) -- very rare; Sju, Ju, FrJu and Al very rare, besides (v.)rare (Mn, Ne, Hü, süRh, Vog, Eif, He, Th) Acarospora heppii (Naegeli ex Hepp) Naegeli ex Körber Up to the montane zone on lime-rich to lime- poor rock (e.g. weakly calcareous silicate rock marlly or sandy carbonate rock, lime- containing artificial stone), above all on the rocks lying on soil on road borders, scarps, in abandoned gravel pits, scree slopes, subneutrophic - basiphytic, (v.skioph.-)m. -extremely phototrophic, e.g. with Arthonia lap. -- bor bor-smed(?-med) – very rare, overlooked; SJu, Ju, FrJu, süHü-HRh, Ne, Mn, He, Th, süRh, O, Eif, Ml Acarospora hospitans H.Magn. (A. impressula Th.Fr. v. hospitans (H.Magn.) Clauz. & Roux) Similar to A. insolata (↑) - bor-med-mo - rare; süSch, Al Acarospora impressula Th.Fr. (A. atrata Hue) Up into the high montane zone on lime free, often heavy metal-, at least iron-rich silicate rock on sunny surfaces, extremely acidophytic, extremely to very photophytic, ombroph., anitrophytic, e.g. in Acarosporion sin, Parmelion conspersae – s’bor-mieur – rare; süSch, O, Eif Acarospora insolata H.Magn. Above all in montane and alpine, extremely high precipitation regions on lime-free, mineral rich or slightly calcareous silicate rock and flat toped lime deficient limestone, mostly on sunny surfaces parasitic on crustose lichens, above all Aspicilia-species and Rhizocarpon geogr, often also on iron-rich rock, (subneutrophic.-) moderate (extremely) acidophytic, extremely to very photophytic, a-/m nitrophytic, above all in the Asicilietum cin., Umbilicarion cyl. – (bor- )mieur-smed – rare; süSch, Vog, Rhön, Al Acarospora macrospora (Hepp.) Massal. ex Bagl. (incl. ssp. murorum (Massal.) Clauz. & Roux, A. murorum Massal.) Up to alpine zone on mostly lime-rich rock predominantly on steep sloping and vertical surfaces as well as overhanging rocks on fissured or earth encrusted sites, on rain sheltered sites also on from time to time moistened cliffs, on m.- ex.(v.) light rich habitats, basiphytic, extremely xerophytic, m. nitrophytic, e.g. in the Caloplacetum cirr., but mostly on anomalous small habitats – bor-med -- Sju, Ju, FrJu, Th, Al, besides very rare: Ne, Eif Acarospora nitrophila H.Magn var. nitrophila Up into the alpine zone on silicate rock, above all on basic to neutral or dust impregnated or slightly eutrophic silicate rock, a pioneer on hard magmatic silicates, often a snyanthrop on wall crowns, tombstones, old roof tile, above all on rain exposed, light-rich habitats, often on horizontal/sloping surfaces, subneutrophic, extremely to very photophytic, m- to rather nitrophytic – arct-med – moderately frequent; very rare natural occurrence var. praeruptorum (H.Magn.) Clauz. & Roux (A. praeruptorum H.Magn.) On extremely rain sheltered vertical- and overhanging surfaces on crystalline magmatic or metamorphic, mineral rich silicate rock, extremely acidophytic, -subneutrophytic, m. to ex. photophytic, mostly only in association with few lichens. – mieur-med – rare; e.g. Sch, Mos, Eif, O Acarospora oligospora (Nyl.) Arnold In hilly and submontane, mostly very warm regions on basic or slightly lime impregnated silicate rock, often on sandstone, on wall crowns, on rock over base-rich soil, often on eutrophic sites and then also on acid silicate rock, subneutroph. - neutroph., rather to very photoph., m.nitroph., in the Lecidelletum carp. -- mieursmed – rare (2); Pf, Ne, Bo, Vgb, Fr, FrJu, Westf, Al Acarospora paupers H. Magn. (A. tongletii var. p. (H. Magn.) Clauz. & Roux) Like. Lecidella carp. (>), above all synanthrop on sandstone – Ne, Ju, Fr, FrJu, Th Acarospora peliscypha Th.Fr. In alpine, rarely high montane, high rainfall sites on wind and radiation exposed silicate rock, 71
Page 1 and 2:
555 Color photographs 55 Black and
Page 3 and 4:
One by one I thank numerous colleag
Page 5 and 6:
of metabolism and in metabolic inac
Page 7 and 8:
1.3.2 Extension of Areas Occasional
Page 9 and 10:
The lichen species are for the most
Page 11 and 12:
through a pore, as a rule it is a p
Page 13 and 14:
which are then described as macro-,
Page 15 and 16:
Argopsin - - - orange Arthothelin -
Page 17 and 18:
abrasion or a cut is to be recommen
Page 19 and 20: the case of bark habitats, since ba
Page 21 and 22: providing a process for this in the
Page 23 and 24: Alliance: Parmelion perlatae James
Page 25 and 26: near desert region occurring or lac
Page 27 and 28: Greenwich as well as 47°31’ and
Page 29 and 30: axial mass: to be found in the thol
Page 31 and 32: paraphysoid: arising before or duri
Page 33 and 34: Symbols in the Keys: ! refer to ill
Page 35 and 36: lichen thallus are often deformed a
Page 37 and 38: 5* Thallus not with yellow or pale
Page 39 and 40: cyphellae. Lichesteric acid, Protol
Page 41 and 42: 30 Thallus underside consistently f
Page 43 and 44: Rhizines black to brown-black, scat
Page 45 and 46: 27 On dry calcareous soils (dry gra
Page 47 and 48: Hymenium contains small globose to
Page 49 and 50: 2* On wood, rarer on bark . 3 3 Ap.
Page 51 and 52: 26* Sp. colorless 27 27 Sp. 2- to m
Page 53 and 54: 66 Thallus with Trentepohlia algae,
Page 55 and 56: 102* Ap. with margin, nonpruinose,
Page 57 and 58: 2 Thallus with conspicuous pycnidia
Page 59 and 60: places, very thin, KC+/C+ (transien
Page 61 and 62: 14 Soralia dusty gray-green to dark
Page 63 and 64: ±(Squamatic acid). Above all on Co
Page 65 and 66: Macentina stigonemoides 70* Thallus
Page 67 and 68: Thallus crustose, thin, usually gra
Page 69: larger, thallus not radiate- rosett
Page 73 and 74: Thallus crustose, little differenti
Page 75 and 76: loose hyphae (arachnoid). Photobion
Page 77 and 78: own, sometimes (as in A. ciliaris)
Page 79 and 80: such progressive eutrification of t
Page 81 and 82: violet. Hym. and Hyp. colorless to
Page 83 and 84: only rarely fruiting and overlooked
Page 85 and 86: in the region, yet lacking in regio
Page 87 and 88: 13* Sp. 2 celled, only a few old sp
Page 89 and 90: forests. (Pruno-Fraxinetum), m.acid
Page 91 and 92: the remaining indigenous epilithic
Page 93 and 94: Bellemerea cinereorufescens 20 Thal
Page 95 and 96: Porpidion tub. - bor-med-mo - r.rar
Page 97 and 98: 25(28) x 2.5-3 µm. Thallus whitish
Page 99 and 100: 8* Epihym. blue-green, olive, olive
Page 101 and 102: celled. Thallus finely granular to
Page 103 and 104: Up into the montane zone on dying m
Page 105 and 106: subneutroph.-r.acidoph., m.photoph.
Page 107 and 108: Rhizocarpetum alp. - arct-alp - Alp
Page 109 and 110: Biatora epixanthoidiza (Nyl.) Räs
Page 111 and 112: (Determination ↑ Hypogymnia) Intr
Page 113 and 114: anisotomic- dichotomous ( ). Branch
Page 115 and 116: amplitude of Pseudevernia f. (↑)
Page 117 and 118: 11 On rock dwelling yellow-whitish
Page 119 and 120: B. leptocline 42* Sp. narrower, 9-1
Page 121 and 122:
surfaces, subneutroph.-neutroph., m
Page 123 and 124:
ornamented (spirally ordered ribs).
Page 125 and 126:
quinone containing yellow to red co
Page 127 and 128:
K-, also partially yellowish-gray t
Page 129 and 130:
cinnabar- to dark red or brownish-r
Page 131 and 132:
31 Thallus yellow to yellow-orange.
Page 133 and 134:
Caloplaca alociza (Massal.) Migula
Page 135 and 136:
smed-mo/alp - v.rare (R); süSch (U
Page 137 and 138:
anombroph., a-/m.nitroph., e.g. in
Page 139 and 140:
thickened above. Asci clavate, Cand
Page 141 and 142:
Caloplacetum sax. -s’mieur-med(mo
Page 143 and 144:
C. rufescens sits on high relief li
Page 145 and 146:
Psoretum - s’mieur-med - v.rare (
Page 147 and 148:
5 µm, often shrunken at the septum
Page 149 and 150:
Usually on lime-rich rocks up into
Page 151 and 152:
(Key includes Cetrelia, Corniculari
Page 153 and 154:
11* Thallus otherwise colored. Ap.
Page 155 and 156:
habitats, like Parmelia stygia (↑
Page 157 and 158:
Stichococcus. Exc. indefinitely dev
Page 159 and 160:
Chaenotheca gracilenta (Ach.) Matts
Page 161 and 162:
10 Usually growing on whitish crust
Page 163 and 164:
anitroph., Char. Chrysotrichetalia
Page 165:
1 Podetia (at least at the base) wi
show all

Baden-Württemberg - Lichens of Wales

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?