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26* Sp. colorless 27<br />
27 Sp. 2- to multicellular cross-septate, ± fusiform .<br />
Toninia<br />
27* Sp. 1-celled. . GS Lecidea<br />
28 With apothecia 29<br />
28* Without ap. (an assortment <strong>of</strong> frequently sterile<br />
species) 32<br />
29 Ap. clearly stalked, brown, or rose-brown .<br />
Baeomyces<br />
29* Ap. not stalked 30<br />
30 Ap. without thalloid margin, biatorine<br />
GS Lecidea PT1<br />
30* Ap. with thalloid margin 31<br />
31 On acid soils in higher sites. Ap. brown-red,<br />
concave, then flat with a thick conspicuously<br />
granular margin, 1-6 mm. Sp. 1(2) celled, 16-32<br />
x 5-8 µm. Thallus ochre, gold- to greenishbrown,<br />
small squamulose. Squamules -1.5 mm,<br />
crenate, coalescing into one crust<br />
Psoroma hypnorum<br />
31* On calcareous soils. Ap. usually brownish<br />
occasionally pruinose. Sp. 1-celled. Thallus<br />
usually pale greenish or ± thickly white pruinose,<br />
squamulose to rosetted .<br />
GS Lecanora PT1: Squamarina<br />
32 Thallus clearly rosetted, lobed at the margin, the<br />
interior <strong>of</strong> ± continuous, coalescing squamules<br />
33<br />
32* Thallus squamulose throughout to small lobules,<br />
not rosetted and lobed . 35<br />
33 On lime-poor, acid soils, greenish-gray,<br />
sometimes brownish tinted . .<br />
Baeomyces placophyllus<br />
33* On lime-rich soil or lime-mosses 34<br />
34 Thallus P+ red, without ap. Squamules brown to<br />
pale greenish, not pruinose<br />
Cladonia pyxidata (pocillum)<br />
34* Thallus P- or medulla P+ yellow, usually with ±<br />
brown lecanorine ap. Squamules greenish-white<br />
or light yellowish-green, even slightly brown<br />
tinted green, usually ± thickly white pruinose<br />
Lecanora PT 1<br />
35 Squamules strongly convex, turgid to almost<br />
bladder-like Toninia<br />
35* Squamules flat to concave . 36<br />
36 Squamules, at lease when young, concave, leekgreen,<br />
white around the margin and inflated, -<br />
3(4) mm wide, usually numerous, on turf, peat,<br />
moist moss thatch, on acid subsoil, sometimes in<br />
association with small fungus caps with lamellae<br />
. Omphalina hudsoniana<br />
36* Squamules otherwise . 37<br />
37 Squamules firmly attached at the base, ± erect,<br />
pale greenish, green yellowish, or gray green,<br />
entire margin, crenate, or incised, crowded, <strong>of</strong>ten<br />
P+ red or yellow, with differentiated, usually<br />
whitish underside .. . Cladonia<br />
37* Squamules either ± decumbent or P- or other<br />
color; see for example Lecidea PT 1, Toninia, or<br />
Catapyrenium.<br />
38 Ap. orange-brown to rust colored, K+ deep red,<br />
convex biatorine. Thallus squamulose, bright<br />
greenish-gray to bright olive, on limestone<br />
Psora testacea<br />
38* Ap. not K+ deep red 39<br />
39 Sp. small (up to about 6µm), spherical to<br />
elongate, 1-celled, to very numerous per ascus 40<br />
39* Sp. commonly 8 per ascus, larger . 41<br />
40 Thallus areolate (areoles -0.6 mm), with radiating<br />
enlarged marginal areoles, bronze colored to<br />
almost black or bright gray to yellowish-ray, C+<br />
red, with black prothallus. Ap. black, sunken,<br />
even or uneven, warty-scared to furrowed,<br />
lecideine. Sp. spherical. Moist high alpine on<br />
silicate rock, or alpine Sporastatia<br />
40* Thallus squamulose, squamules over 0.6 mm,<br />
usually ± brown, or red-brown, with usually<br />
sunken to deep seated, red-brown, or brown to<br />
dark brown (rarely brown black) ap. Sp.<br />
ellipsoidal to elongate Acarospora<br />
41 Thallus with a definite yellow tint, yellowishgray,<br />
green-yellowish, or yellowish white . 42<br />
41* Thallus without yellowish tint . 43<br />
42 Ap. black, ± sunken and with thalloid margin.<br />
Sp. ± brown, 2-celled. Thallus somewhat lobed<br />
at the margin, sharply defined areolate in the<br />
interior. In higher places on silicate<br />
Dimelaena oreina<br />
42* Ap. usually brown to red-brown, sometimes<br />
pruinose, with thalloid margin. Spores colorless,<br />
1-celled . GS Lecanora PT 1<br />
43 Ap. without thalloid margin. Thallus squamulose<br />
. 44<br />
43* Ap. with thalloid margin, or without definite<br />
margin and sunken into the thallus. Thallus<br />
usually rosetted and effigurate (placoid), interior<br />
areolate to squamulose 48<br />
44 Sp. brown, 2-celled. Ap. black, lecideine.<br />
Thallus grayish to dark brown . Buellia badia<br />
44* Sp. colorless 45<br />
45 Sp. 2- to cross-septate multicellular. Ap. black or<br />
sometimes thickly white pruinose, lecideine .<br />
Toninia<br />
45* Sp. 1-celled . 46<br />
46 On silicate rock. Ap. black or brighter, lecideine<br />
or biatorine . GS Lecidea<br />
46* On calcareous rock. Ap. black, rarely slightly<br />
pruinose 47<br />
47 Squamules whitish, moderately convex to almost<br />
flat. Sp. 10-18 x 3-5 µm. Toninia tumidula<br />
47* Squamules ± brown, usually ± flat to uneven.<br />
Ap. 12-16 x 5-7 µm (if squamules bloated convex<br />
and sp. 10-20 x 3.5-6.5 µm, see Toninia tristis)<br />
. Lecidea lurida<br />
48 Sp. 2-celled, 10-18 x 3-4 µm. Thallus white, K-,<br />
marginal lobes -2.5 mm wide, flat, close to one<br />
another. Ap. black (rarely brown), sunken to<br />
depressed, -1.5 mm. . Solenopsora candicans<br />
51