Baden-Württemberg - Lichens of Wales

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BayW Bavarian Forest (with Bohemian Forest) Bit Bitburger Land Bo Lake Constance (Lake Constance basin and the Hegau) Do Danube (Iller valley and Danube pastures) Eif Upland region between the Rhine, Moselle and Ruhr valleys Erz Erzgebirge (and Fichtelgebirge) Fi Fichtelgebirge Fr Franconian Terrace FrJu Franconian Alp He Hessian upland, (Lahn valley, and the Taunus) HeBgl Hessian upland (with the Rhön and Vogelsberg) HRh Upper Rhine region Hü Hunsrück (southern part of Rhenish uplands) Hü Loess- and calcareous hilly land on both sides of the Rhine plains (with Kaiserstuhl) Hz Hartz Ju Schwäbische Alp and surroundings (Brown Jura-Malm-region) Lahn Lahn valley Lux Luxenburg Mfl Central Franconian Ml Central Switzerland (Hügelland Aargau/Zürich) Mn Mainfranken Plateau and barren land (with Windsheimer Bay, Stiegerwald-Vorland, and tomb stones) Mos Mosel valley MRh Central Rhine Ne Neckar region, Neckar-Gäu plateau and Alp foothills (Keuper-Lias region), with Baar nöHü Nothern Hügelland nöPf North Platinate mountains nöRh North upper Rhine nöSch North Black Forest O Odenwald Obay Upper Baravian Heights (foothills of the Alps Opf Upper Platinate Pf Platinate (with Platinate Forest, Hardt, and North Platinate Mountains) PfW Platinate Forest Rh Upper Rhine RhL Rhine Land Rh-Mn-T Rhine-Main lowlands Rhön Rhöne RhSch Slate range of the Rhine (Hu, Mos, MRh, Ts, Eif) Ries Ries (a basin formed by meteorite impact) Saar Saar Land Sauerl Sauer Land Sb Schöbuch Sch Black Forest SFW Schwäbisch-Fränkischer Forest Sju Swiss Jura (northernmost part) Sp Spessart süHü Southern Hügelland (with Black Forest foothills) süRhön Southern Rhön foothills süSch Southern Black Forest Th Thüringer Hügelland ThW Thüringer Forest Ts Taunus Ubay Lower Baravian Hügelland Vgb Vogels Mountain Vgt Vogt Land Vog Vogesen We Wester Forest WeBgl Wesserbergland Habitat remarks set in italics means that the last known by the author to have been found from this region in the last hundred years 5 The Distribution of Lichens in Baden-Württemberg in Chart Representation In Baden-Württemberg – the heart of the region considered in this work – the awareness of the distribution of lichens has been for some time so extensively advanced, that for most of the species, representative distribution charts may be produced. The charts consider, if not otherwise stated, the distribution in Baden-Württemberg (Ordinance-Survey map with the Baden-Württemberg portion delimited see the chart page 49). In the case of many charts, the distribution in the region of the whole sector is shown, even beyond Baden-Württemberg. In these cases the species name is shown with an asterisk *. 5.1 Natural Basis of the Regions Charted Baden-Württemberg lies in the southwest of the Federal Republic of Germany. It extends between 7°30’ and 10°30’ east latitude from 26
Greenwich as well as 47°31’ and 49°47’ north longitude (Fig. page 47) and includes an area of 35,750 km 2 , The altitude lies between 85 m and 1493 m above sea level. The region is geologically variable., Large flat portions resulted from sedimentation of the Jurassic period (especially the Malm) and the Triassic period (Bunt Sandstone, shell limestone and red marl) as well as from crystalline soil from the mountains. The predominantly occurring rocks are metamorphic (gneiss) and magmatic rock (granite) in the mountain ranges, non calcareous sandstone in the Bunt Sandstone and lime-rich sediments in the Malm and shell limestone (Fig. p. 51f.). The climatic specified extremes are rather diverse corresponding to the altitude differences and distinct weather- and leesituations (Fig. p. 53ff), it lacks, of course, alpine regions with their lichen favorable conditions. In Baden-Württemberg lies all or part of the nature zones Upper Rhine lowlands, Black Forest, Oden Forest, Swabian Alp, Swabian-Franconian Mountain Forest (Keuper-Lias-region), Neckar (Gäu plateau), Main Franconian plateau, and Upper Swabia (Fig. p. 48). 5.2 Charting and Illustration Method The charting of lichens follows according to the point-raster or grid method, the analysis region was calibrated by the grid into practicable equal size charting units, the raster or base field. The evidence of one or more occurrences in the region of a raster field is given by a point in the corresponding field of the raster chart. The Area of a species is in agreement with a point raster of definite extent and form in the chart. The advantage of the point raster method lies in the potentiality gained to unite, in the planning and economy of charting, and in addition to make full use of the data with the help of a statistical-mathematical analysis over EDV, e.g. to compare the distribution charts with factor-raster charts (e.g. climate charts). The economical element lies above all in the finding that the charting i.e. the inclusion of a species with entering the evidence in a base field, the quest after the species also may gradually find a conclusion. Among other things in the aspect of the information on area it is not very intrinsic, as many single occurrences are concealed by one raster point. That the charts take as a basis raster or grid over another is in accord with the sectional view of the topographic charts 1:25000 (TK 25, so called ordnance-survey map). Each charting base field corresponds therefore with the surface of one such sheet of the TK 25 and encloses 10 minutes geographic longitude and 6 minutes geographic latitude, in Baden-Württemberg that is equivalent to about a surface e.g. a rectangle of 11.1 times 12.2 km pages long. This raster was selected as first policy for this reason, because it also had been established for charting the higher plants of central Europe and because it is universally easy to obtain. Baden-Württem-berg is covered by 313 raster fields. These raster fields were designated with the established four digit number for the TK 25. In the case of minute grid small diverging of the lateral line of the base field from north toward south, and corresponding increase in the base field in the same direction by chance in size, a fixed drawback compared with similar quadratic base fields. In the framework of the national project it was however the extensive declivity of the minute base field from the geographic latitude in the main did not interfere with the raster point illustration of the distribution, especially since these grids are able to be drawn to correct section (as in the case of the present charts). For Europe-wide undertaking, a grid with 50 x 50 km units as a base was used. Regional and national charting in minuteraster may be undertaken without grave error in such small scale UTM grid charts. Transportation maps will work for this. 5.3 Important Site Data The charting units were as a rule repeatedly called on and dealt with according to prevailing diversity of the habitat. In the site study various climatic and edaphic site-observations were undertaken to capture potential breadth of a species spectrum. Because of the wide ranging specialization of the lichen species on the substrate types bark, rock and soil, there was a corresponding observing of habitat presumption in the charting effort for each base field. A part of the basic plan of the site work – due to at the time truly differing lichen flora – was the consideration of various habitat types with regard to substrate and climate. The charting data was ordered according to base fields in the resulting lists, from which the data found are also apparent. Protocols in addition are in hand from each single excursion. 27
Page 1 and 2: 555 Color photographs 55 Black and
Page 3 and 4: One by one I thank numerous colleag
Page 5 and 6: of metabolism and in metabolic inac
Page 7 and 8: 1.3.2 Extension of Areas Occasional
Page 9 and 10: The lichen species are for the most
Page 11 and 12: through a pore, as a rule it is a p
Page 13 and 14: which are then described as macro-,
Page 15 and 16: Argopsin - - - orange Arthothelin -
Page 17 and 18: abrasion or a cut is to be recommen
Page 19 and 20: the case of bark habitats, since ba
Page 21 and 22: providing a process for this in the
Page 23 and 24: Alliance: Parmelion perlatae James
Page 25: near desert region occurring or lac
Page 29 and 30: axial mass: to be found in the thol
Page 31 and 32: paraphysoid: arising before or duri
Page 33 and 34: Symbols in the Keys: ! refer to ill
Page 35 and 36: lichen thallus are often deformed a
Page 37 and 38: 5* Thallus not with yellow or pale
Page 39 and 40: cyphellae. Lichesteric acid, Protol
Page 41 and 42: 30 Thallus underside consistently f
Page 43 and 44: Rhizines black to brown-black, scat
Page 45 and 46: 27 On dry calcareous soils (dry gra
Page 47 and 48: Hymenium contains small globose to
Page 49 and 50: 2* On wood, rarer on bark . 3 3 Ap.
Page 51 and 52: 26* Sp. colorless 27 27 Sp. 2- to m
Page 53 and 54: 66 Thallus with Trentepohlia algae,
Page 55 and 56: 102* Ap. with margin, nonpruinose,
Page 57 and 58: 2 Thallus with conspicuous pycnidia
Page 59 and 60: places, very thin, KC+/C+ (transien
Page 61 and 62: 14 Soralia dusty gray-green to dark
Page 63 and 64: ±(Squamatic acid). Above all on Co
Page 65 and 66: Macentina stigonemoides 70* Thallus
Page 67 and 68: Thallus crustose, thin, usually gra
Page 69 and 70: larger, thallus not radiate- rosett
Page 71 and 72: Similar to A. umbilicata (↑), Lec
Page 73 and 74: Thallus crustose, little differenti
Page 75 and 76: loose hyphae (arachnoid). Photobion
Page 77 and 78:
own, sometimes (as in A. ciliaris)
Page 79 and 80:
such progressive eutrification of t
Page 81 and 82:
violet. Hym. and Hyp. colorless to
Page 83 and 84:
only rarely fruiting and overlooked
Page 85 and 86:
in the region, yet lacking in regio
Page 87 and 88:
13* Sp. 2 celled, only a few old sp
Page 89 and 90:
forests. (Pruno-Fraxinetum), m.acid
Page 91 and 92:
the remaining indigenous epilithic
Page 93 and 94:
Bellemerea cinereorufescens 20 Thal
Page 95 and 96:
Porpidion tub. - bor-med-mo - r.rar
Page 97 and 98:
25(28) x 2.5-3 µm. Thallus whitish
Page 99 and 100:
8* Epihym. blue-green, olive, olive
Page 101 and 102:
celled. Thallus finely granular to
Page 103 and 104:
Up into the montane zone on dying m
Page 105 and 106:
subneutroph.-r.acidoph., m.photoph.
Page 107 and 108:
Rhizocarpetum alp. - arct-alp - Alp
Page 109 and 110:
Biatora epixanthoidiza (Nyl.) Räs
Page 111 and 112:
(Determination ↑ Hypogymnia) Intr
Page 113 and 114:
anisotomic- dichotomous ( ). Branch
Page 115 and 116:
amplitude of Pseudevernia f. (↑)
Page 117 and 118:
11 On rock dwelling yellow-whitish
Page 119 and 120:
B. leptocline 42* Sp. narrower, 9-1
Page 121 and 122:
surfaces, subneutroph.-neutroph., m
Page 123 and 124:
ornamented (spirally ordered ribs).
Page 125 and 126:
quinone containing yellow to red co
Page 127 and 128:
K-, also partially yellowish-gray t
Page 129 and 130:
cinnabar- to dark red or brownish-r
Page 131 and 132:
31 Thallus yellow to yellow-orange.
Page 133 and 134:
Caloplaca alociza (Massal.) Migula
Page 135 and 136:
smed-mo/alp - v.rare (R); süSch (U
Page 137 and 138:
anombroph., a-/m.nitroph., e.g. in
Page 139 and 140:
thickened above. Asci clavate, Cand
Page 141 and 142:
Caloplacetum sax. -s’mieur-med(mo
Page 143 and 144:
C. rufescens sits on high relief li
Page 145 and 146:
Psoretum - s’mieur-med - v.rare (
Page 147 and 148:
5 µm, often shrunken at the septum
Page 149 and 150:
Usually on lime-rich rocks up into
Page 151 and 152:
(Key includes Cetrelia, Corniculari
Page 153 and 154:
11* Thallus otherwise colored. Ap.
Page 155 and 156:
habitats, like Parmelia stygia (↑
Page 157 and 158:
Stichococcus. Exc. indefinitely dev
Page 159 and 160:
Chaenotheca gracilenta (Ach.) Matts
Page 161 and 162:
10 Usually growing on whitish crust
Page 163 and 164:
anitroph., Char. Chrysotrichetalia
Page 165:
1 Podetia (at least at the base) wi
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Baden-Württemberg - Lichens of Wales

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