Baden-Württemberg - Lichens of Wales

in the descriptions the term “subhydrophytic” is
used.
Amphibious species are temporarily flooded
(streams, or rivers). Species living submerged
colonize almost constantly flooded sites.
4.2.2 Climate
The climatic reality of the lichen habitat is
indicated in the main with the aid of a statement
about the light available, relative humidity, the
measure “rainfall” and frequently the
temperature relations.
Moistening by rain: The measure of the
moistening of the habitat with rain is of
considerable influence on the habitat selection.
Many species live only on rain excluded sites.
Habitat: Lichen:
very rain-protected very anom-
bryophytic
rather rain-protected anombrophytic
moderately rained-on m. ombrophytic
rather rained-on r. ombrophytic
very (strongly) rained-on v. ombrophytic
The habitats not or only exceptionally rain
moistened were designated as very rain
protected sites. In the case of rather rain
protected sites, moistening occurs only
occasionally and relatively belatedly. The
stem-dwelling lichens and the species on vertical
and subvertical surfaces may be counted as
normally in a moderately rained-on habitat. Here
designated as very ombrophytic were only
lichens of frequently rained-on surfaces in heavy
precipitation regions.
Humidity: Statements about the humidity
relationships are only to be understood as a crude
orientation. They are only made with difficulty
and are problematic. The following gradations
are found:
Habitat: Lichens:
extremely humid e. hygrophytic
very humid v. hygrophytic
rather humid r. hygrophytic
moderately humid, or
moderately dry air mesophytic
rather dry air r. xerophytic
very dry air v. xerophytic
Oceanic (as a climatological conception):
Lichens were designated as strongly oceanic
(very oceanic), which depend upon very high
rainfall or foggy and very/extremely humid
places with mild temperatures (relatively small
temperature variations) (above all high places
and west exposures of the Vogesen, or the Black
Forest). For rather oceanic lichens similar
values, but less pronounced conditions (mostly
high rainfall, rather mild climate). Rainfall
occurring is of paramount importance of the
factors determining moisture relationships. Fog
and (less so) humidity may partially compensate
for the amount of rainfall.
Light: Light conditions are characterized as
follows:
Habitat: Plants:
v. poorly v. skiophytic deep shade
lighted plants
r. poorly r. skiophytic shade plants
lighted
m. well m.photophytic half-shade
lighted plants
v. well v. photophytic Full light
lighted plants
Plants with a relatively very wide ecological
amplitude of light use were designated as
photoindifferent.
Statements about the preferred occurrence of
lichen species in certain vegetation types or land
forms may give further indication about climatic
conditions of the habitat. Thus species which are
designated as characteristic for forest regions,
commonly live on wind-protected sites with
relatively balanced moisture conditions.
4.3 Statements About the Sociology
Like flowering plants certain lichen species
frequently occur associated with one another.
Numerous such typical combinations of lichen
species found again and again have been
described as lichen communities. For the naming
of such communities certain rules are valid,
which are laid down in a code of plant sociologic
nomenclature.
So far as the community names are produced from
species names, which are no longer in use, they were
altered here according to today’s valid species names,
without the code of plant sociologic nomenclature
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