Baden-Württemberg - Lichens of Wales

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10 Squamules very robust, (300) 350-600 µm thick. Medulla hyphae almost exclusively with long cylindric lumina . 11 10* Squamules thin, 200-400 µm thick, 2-6 mm broad. Medulla hyphae with numerous spherical lumina. Sp. 12-17 x 5.5-7.5 µm 12 11 Sp. 14-17 x 6-8 µm. Squamules 2-7 mm, middle to mostly dark (red) brown, dull, often with bulging margin C. lachneum 11* Sp. 15-20 x 7.5-9 µm. Squamules mostly 6-10 mm, middle to dark brown to red-brown * C. rufescens (9) 12 Squamules mostly somewhat raised at the margin, delicately hairy when young, mostly brown to orange-brown, dull. Pycn. sparse, indefinite, sessile at the margin of the squamules . C. pilosellum 12* Squamules compressed, flat, commonly attached at the margins, not hairy, light to dark brown, dull or slightly shiny. Pycn. sunken in the squamule surface. Sp. frequently unripe . C. squamulosum Ecology and Distribution of the Species Catapyrenium cinereum (Pers.) Körber (Dermatocarpon c. (Pers) Th.Fr.) Above all in the montane to alpine sites on ± calcareous, soil surfaced rock bases on fine rich soils, often humus sites, on thin soil layer on calcareous rocks, often on weathered dolomite soils, going over to raw humus and moss, e.g. in openings on (semi)dry turfs, in pioneer communities on rock crowns (Alysso-Sedion), old rock rubble and on rubble surfaces, neutroph.-(m.)basiph., photoph., xeroph., e.g. in Toninion sed. – arct-med-alp – (v.)rare (3); above all FrJu; Ries, Ju, Do, Rh-Mn-t, He, Hz, Th; frequent in the Alps Catapyrenium daedalum (Krempelh.) B. Stein (Dermatocarpon d. (Krempelh.) Th.Fr.) In montane to alpine sties on calcareous subsoil, like C. cinereum (↑) and Physconia musc. (↑) – arct-mieur(alp)-(med-alp) – v.rare (1); FrJu, Ries, Al, Alps Catapyrenium lachneum (Ach.) R.Sant. (Dermatocarpon l. (Ach.) A.L.Sm.) In alpine sites, rarely lower, on soil surface raw soils, soil- or rock-mosses, plant detritus, commonly on base-rich substrates (geologically subsoil calcareous rocks or SiO2 poor silicate rocks); neutroph.-basiph., photoph. -- arct-mieuralp(-med-alp) – v.rare; Al, Vog Catapyrenium michelii (Massal.) R.Sant. (Dermatocarpon m. (Massal.) Zwackh) On fine soil and loess, like C. squamulosum – mieur-smed – v.rare (0); Ne, Do Catapyrenium pilosellum Breuss Like IC. squamulosum (↑) – mieur-subatl-med – rare, overlooked (1); süHü, Do Catapyrenium psoromoides (Borrer) R.Sant. (Dermatocarpon p. (Borrer) DT. & Sarnth.) Penetrating on deciduous trees with subneutral bark, but also (in the region) over mosses on limestone or soil surface raw calcareous soils on well lighted habitats; subneutroph.-m.basiph., r.v.photoph. – mieur-med – v.rare (1); FrJu, Ju, SJu Catapyrenium rufescens (Ach.) Breuss (Dermatocarpon r. (Ach.) Th.Fr.) Up into alpine sites on limestone, rarely calcareous silicate rocks, preferably on steep surfaces and on fragmented sites on well lighted habitats, often on sporadically irrigated surfaces, also on soil encrusted rocks, upon/with bluegreen algae, rarely on mosses or soil, like Lecidea lurida (↑), Toninia cand., Synalissa symph., predominantly in Collemation fuscov. – bor-med – r.rare; SJu-Ju-FrJu, Al, v.rare süHü süSch, Ne, Mn, Ts, MRh, Lahn, Th Catapyrenium squamulosum (Ach.) Breuss (Dermatocarpon hepaticum auct, non Endocarpon hepaticum Ach. Up into the montane, rarely alpine zone on calcareous soil, on naked loam soils, loess, on garden soils, in surface based rock soils, in regions of gravel surfaces on gravel pits, on soil layers on rock terraces etc., even going over to mosses and plant detritus, pioneer plants on open rich garden soils, weakly competitive, in openings of (semi)dry turfs, Alyso-Sedion, on mostly warm, moderately to very well lighted sites, subneutroph.-basiph., xeroph., in the Toninion sed. – (bor)mieur-med – r.rare: above all Ne, Hü, Mn; SJu-Ju FrJu, Eif, Ts, He, Th, Al Catapyrenium tremniacense Massal. (Dermatocarpon t. (Massal.) J.Steiner) In hilly and submontane sites on calcareous garden soils in lacunae of dry trufs and gardens soils of gravel surfaces, on base rich soils in well lighted, warm habitats, e.g. in the Toninio- 144
Psoretum – s’mieur-med – v.rare (1); Mn (Taubertal), FrJu, Do, Av Catapyrenium waltheri (Krempelh.) Körber (Dermatocarpon w. (Krempelh.) Blomb. & Forss.) In alpine sites on naked soil and raw humus over calcareous subsoil – arct-alp – v.rare; Al; scattered in the Alps LIT: BREUSS 1990 Catillaria Massal. (Keys include Catinaria, Cliostomum, Megalaria, Micarea p.p.) Introduction In the broad sense one places in Catillaria crustose lichens with two-celled colorless spores and various colored apothecia without thalloid margins. Catinaria, Cliostomum, Megalospora and Micarea were separated from this unnatural group genus according to various characteristics in the construction of the apothecium. Catillaria in the narrow sense includes species with generally thin, gray to nearly indistinguishable thalli living in the interior of the substrate, usually black to brown-black apothecia with lecideine proper margin, paraphyses unbranched to singly branched in the upper part with capitate thickened, provided with a brown apex capped ends and two-celled elongate spores. C. atomarioides and C. chalybeia occur on (mostly mineral rich) silicate rock; C. lenticularia lives on calcareous rocks and C. nigroclavata on bark. C. chalybeia frequently invades man made substrates. The indigenous rock dwellers are distributed in the south and central Europe and penetrate above all in the west widely into the boreal zone. C. nigroclavata occurs up into central Fennoscandia. C. detractula, C. erysiboides, C. minuta and C. picila do not belong to Catillaria s.str. The latter two live on shaded limestone on vertical and overhanging surfaces on humid habitats. C. detractula is found on well lighted, warm sites on limestone, C. erysiboides on tough old wood, e.g. deciduous tree stumps. C. erysiboides is distributed in the boreal and summer green deciduous region. The area of C. alba, C. anomaloides, C. detractula, C. picila and C. minuta stretches over south and (predominantly to the south) central Europe; finally an occurrence (Gotland) in south Scandinavia. Genus Characteristics and Determination Thallus crustose, clearly developed to living in the substrate, whitish, gray, brown, blackish, with various coccoid and filamentous green algae. Ap. variously colored (in Catillaria i.e.s. black to dark brown), without thalloid margin, with or rarely without definite proper margin. Exc. usually clearly developed. Paraphyses simple to sparsely branched, capitate above, with brown cap (Catillaria i.e.s.) or colorless to pigmented above. Hyp. colorless to brown-black. Asci almost cylindric to clavate, in the case of Catillaria i.e.s. with uniformly I+ (K/I+) blue tholus and exterior with thin I+ (K/I+) blue gelatin layer, in the case of Catillaria i.w.s. to the part Biatora- and Bacidia- type. Sp. 2-celled. Ch-. 1 On garden soil, humus, plant detritus, moss . 2 1* On rock, bark, wood, living on conifer needles . 6 2 On naked mineralized, sandy-loam to loamy soils. Ap. convex to hemispherical, marginless, black, -0.6 mm. Epihym. and hyp. dark purplebrown, hym. purple. Exc. dark purple, soon reduced. Sp. 1-2 celled, 9-15 x 3-4(4.5) µm. Paraph. branched in the upper part. Thallus very thin flowing, scattered or warty areolate, blue greenish. Saxony . Micarea melaenida (Nyl.) Coppins 2* On mosses, plant detritus, raw humus, humus soils 3 3 Hyp. light, mostly colorless. Ap. whitish, yellowish, rose, brown, discolored gray 4 3* Hyp. red-brown to black-brown 5 4 Sp. 10-17 x 4-5 µm, with definite epispore, 2- to rarely 4-celled. Ap. brown-rose, orange, roseyellowish, yellowish, beige, convex from the first, -0.9(1.1) mm, sometimes coalescing, margin rapidly disappearing. Epihym., hym., hyp. and exc. colorless to slightly yellowish, exc. strongly developed, paraplectenchymatous. Paraph. scarcely branched, strongly cemented, 3-4 µm. Thallus greenish-gray, thickly fine granular to erupting sorediate, the sorediate region greenish, soredia 30-70 µm. Zeorine . . Mycobilimbia sphaeroides 4* Sp. smaller. Ap. convex. Paraph. branched and reticulate. Exc. mostly strongly reduced, paraph. hyphae like ↑ Micarea 145
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555 Color photographs 55 Black and
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One by one I thank numerous colleag
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of metabolism and in metabolic inac
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1.3.2 Extension of Areas Occasional
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The lichen species are for the most
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through a pore, as a rule it is a p
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which are then described as macro-,
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Argopsin - - - orange Arthothelin -
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abrasion or a cut is to be recommen
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the case of bark habitats, since ba
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providing a process for this in the
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Alliance: Parmelion perlatae James
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near desert region occurring or lac
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Greenwich as well as 47°31’ and
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axial mass: to be found in the thol
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paraphysoid: arising before or duri
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Symbols in the Keys: ! refer to ill
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lichen thallus are often deformed a
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5* Thallus not with yellow or pale
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cyphellae. Lichesteric acid, Protol
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30 Thallus underside consistently f
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Rhizines black to brown-black, scat
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27 On dry calcareous soils (dry gra
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Hymenium contains small globose to
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2* On wood, rarer on bark . 3 3 Ap.
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26* Sp. colorless 27 27 Sp. 2- to m
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66 Thallus with Trentepohlia algae,
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102* Ap. with margin, nonpruinose,
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2 Thallus with conspicuous pycnidia
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places, very thin, KC+/C+ (transien
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14 Soralia dusty gray-green to dark
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±(Squamatic acid). Above all on Co
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Macentina stigonemoides 70* Thallus
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Thallus crustose, thin, usually gra
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larger, thallus not radiate- rosett
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Similar to A. umbilicata (↑), Lec
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Thallus crustose, little differenti
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loose hyphae (arachnoid). Photobion
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own, sometimes (as in A. ciliaris)
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such progressive eutrification of t
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violet. Hym. and Hyp. colorless to
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only rarely fruiting and overlooked
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in the region, yet lacking in regio
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13* Sp. 2 celled, only a few old sp
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forests. (Pruno-Fraxinetum), m.acid
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the remaining indigenous epilithic
Page 93 and 94: Bellemerea cinereorufescens 20 Thal
Page 95 and 96: Porpidion tub. - bor-med-mo - r.rar
Page 97 and 98: 25(28) x 2.5-3 µm. Thallus whitish
Page 99 and 100: 8* Epihym. blue-green, olive, olive
Page 101 and 102: celled. Thallus finely granular to
Page 103 and 104: Up into the montane zone on dying m
Page 105 and 106: subneutroph.-r.acidoph., m.photoph.
Page 107 and 108: Rhizocarpetum alp. - arct-alp - Alp
Page 109 and 110: Biatora epixanthoidiza (Nyl.) Räs
Page 111 and 112: (Determination ↑ Hypogymnia) Intr
Page 113 and 114: anisotomic- dichotomous ( ). Branch
Page 115 and 116: amplitude of Pseudevernia f. (↑)
Page 117 and 118: 11 On rock dwelling yellow-whitish
Page 119 and 120: B. leptocline 42* Sp. narrower, 9-1
Page 121 and 122: surfaces, subneutroph.-neutroph., m
Page 123 and 124: ornamented (spirally ordered ribs).
Page 125 and 126: quinone containing yellow to red co
Page 127 and 128: K-, also partially yellowish-gray t
Page 129 and 130: cinnabar- to dark red or brownish-r
Page 131 and 132: 31 Thallus yellow to yellow-orange.
Page 133 and 134: Caloplaca alociza (Massal.) Migula
Page 135 and 136: smed-mo/alp - v.rare (R); süSch (U
Page 137 and 138: anombroph., a-/m.nitroph., e.g. in
Page 139 and 140: thickened above. Asci clavate, Cand
Page 141 and 142: Caloplacetum sax. -s’mieur-med(mo
Page 143: C. rufescens sits on high relief li
Page 147 and 148: 5 µm, often shrunken at the septum
Page 149 and 150: Usually on lime-rich rocks up into
Page 151 and 152: (Key includes Cetrelia, Corniculari
Page 153 and 154: 11* Thallus otherwise colored. Ap.
Page 155 and 156: habitats, like Parmelia stygia (↑
Page 157 and 158: Stichococcus. Exc. indefinitely dev
Page 159 and 160: Chaenotheca gracilenta (Ach.) Matts
Page 161 and 162: 10 Usually growing on whitish crust
Page 163 and 164: anitroph., Char. Chrysotrichetalia
Page 165: 1 Podetia (at least at the base) wi
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Baden-Württemberg - Lichens of Wales

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