Baden-Württemberg - Lichens of Wales

margin and ± radially aligned. Paraph. scarcely
thickened above. Sp. 11-15 x 6-8 µm
C. aractina
(Possibly to this species: Disk dark rust-red to
blackish. Ap. -0.4 mm, scattered, sitting up, flat,
with blackish margin. Thallus dark gray to bluegray,
areolate to cracked. Exc. dirty green. Sp.
10-14 x 5-7 µm, septum ca. 4-6 µm. Paraph.
scarcely thickened above
. ! C. festivella (Nyl.) Kieffer)
20* Disk (yellow)orange, brown-orange, ochre.
Without blackish prothallus. Ap. usually -1 mm,
often rather sparse. Thallus greenish-gray, gray,
bluish-gray, black-gray, usually greenish when
moist, relatively thick, areolate, areoles unevenly
warty, often somewhat raised at the margin and
finally sorediate to granular-warty or blastidiate
there. Paraph. up to 5 µm thick above. Sp. 10-
18 x 5.5-9 µm. Septum ca. 4-5 µm thick
! C. chlorina
(When thallus not granular or sorediate or
blastidiate, gray, gray-brown, black-brown, see
C. conversa (3))
21 Thallus not recognizable or very thin and
indefinite . 22
21* Thallus definitely developed. Paraph. ends only
slightly thickened (2-3(3.5) µm) . 23
22 Ap. yellow-orange, orange, orange-brown, -0.5
(0.7) mm, with orange colored, often somewhat
shiny margin (rarely (young) outer with apparent
gray thalloid margin), flat to soon moderately
convex and finally marginless, numerous, closestanding.
Sp. 10-16 x 5-8 µm, septum 2.5-5 µm,
¼ -1/2 of the spore length. Paraph. ends
thickened up to 4-5 µm above. Hym. 60-75 µm.
Thallus very thin, ± gray, or indefinite.
Commonly on syanthropic and calcareous
substrates, frequently on concrete .
C. holocarpa*
22* Ap. orange, dark orange, orange-red, dirty
orange, orange-brown, even with olive colored
tint, flat, with permanent, orange to orange-red
colored margin, -0.5(0.7) mm, sessile with a
narrowed base, usually rather scattered or in
small groups. Sp. 11-15(15) x 3.5-5.5 µm,
septum 1.5-3.5 µm thick. Paraph. ends gradually
up to 2-3 µm thickened. Hyp. without oil
droplets. Thallus light gray, thin to indefinite
(when sp. 12-15 x 4.5-6.5 µm, septum 2.5-6 µm,
ap. margin disappearing, exc. cortex slightly
blue: ! C. caesiorufella (Nyl.) Zahlbr. (C.
letpocheila H.Magn.)) C. arenaria
23 Sp. 13-17 x 5.5-7, septum 2-3.5 µm thick, ca. 1/5
of the spore length. Ap. light to dark orange,
orange-brown, permanently margined, -0.5 (0.7)
mm. Thallus light gray to gray, cracked-areolate
to areolate, often extensive (probably host
thallus) . C. subpallida*
23* Sp. septum thicker, 1/3 - ½ of the spore length 24
24 Ap. rust red, red-brown, with definite, permanent
brown-red margin, -1.0 mm. Thallus dark gray to
gray, coherent-uneven to cracked-areolate. Sp.
12-17(21) x 6-8(10) µm, septum ca. 5-6 µm
. C. crenularia
24* Ap. orange, brown-orange, with lighter, shiny
orange colored thick, flat, convex, projecting,
permanent margin, -0.5(0.7) mm, basally
constricted, often thick-standing. Paraph. ends
little thickened. Thallus lead- gray to black,
cracked to cracked areolate, with black,
sometimes fibrous prothallus, fleck-like K+
violet. Sp. 12-17 x 8-10 µm, septum 5-7 µm
. C. atroflava*
25 Thallus lobed (placoid) at the margin . 26
25* Thallus not lobed at the margin 38
26 Thallus upper surface entirely mealy-granular to
granular, decorticate, granules mostly ca. 0.15-
0.2mm thick. Thallus well developed ± rounded
and clearly bordered at the margin, indefinitely
effigurate, shiny yellow, thin to thickish.
Medulla whitish. Ap. lacking C. xantholyta
26* Thallus with other characteristics, with definite
cortex, usually rounded-rosetted and with
definite, narrow, marginal lobes (placoid) 27
27 With soralia or ± spherical isidia. Ap. rare 28
27* Without soralia or isidia, usually with ap.; ap.
above all in the center part of the thallus 32
28 Thallus without soralia, in the center with
numerous close standing, narrowed at the base, -
0.1 mm thick, spherical isidia, usually -1.5 cm
wide, yellow to yellow-orange. Marginal lobes
very narrow, coalescing C. granulosa
(Attention: In the case of C. decipiens sometimes
soralia development is arrested, instead of which
lumpy warts are produced, thallus usually over
1.5 cm in size)
28* Thallus with soralia 29
29 Thallus disintegrating sorediate in the center and
citron- to light yellow, at the margin with narrow
(up to 0.5 mm wide) radiating lobules
↑ (C. cirrochroa 31)
29* Thallus with small bordered soralia, usually -2
cm wide 30
30 Thallus with lip- to capitate soralia at the ends of
small, very short lobules (in the interior and
central region, scarcely in the outer region), not
dying in the interior, light yellow to orangeyellow,
± pruinose, -2(3) cm. Soralia colored
like the thallus. Marginal lobes commonly
closely coalescing, branching toward the end
divisions, sometimes slightly pruinose .
C. decipiens
30* Thallus with small (flat to concave) fleck soralia
at the interior end of narrow, radiate arranged
lobules, ca. -1.6 (2.5, rarely more) cm, interior
often dying and therefore ring form. Marginal
lobes often forked, closely coalescing to separate
. 31
130